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Wilson ER, Murphy KJ, Wyeth RC. Ecological Review of the Ciona Species Complex. THE BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN 2022; 242:153-171. [PMID: 35580029 DOI: 10.1086/719476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThe set of four closely related solitary ascidians Ciona spp. were once considered a single cosmopolitan species, Ciona intestinalis, but are now recognized as genetically and morphologically distinct species. The possibility of ecological differences between the species was not widely considered in studies preceding the schism of Ciona spp. Consequently, there may be an over-generalization of the ecology of Ciona spp., with potential implications for the broad range of studies targeting these species, encompassing the evolution, development, genomics, and invasion biology of Ciona spp. We completed a comprehensive review of the ecology of Ciona spp. to establish the similarities and differences between the widely distributed Ciona robusta and C. intestinalis (and what little is known of the two other species, Ciona sp. C and Ciona sp. D). When necessary, we used study locations and the species' geographic ranges to infer the species in each study in the review. As expected, ecological similarities are the norm between the two species, spanning both abiotic and biotic interactions. However, there are also important differences that have potential implications for other aspects of the biology of Ciona spp. For example, differences in temperature and salinity tolerances likely correspond with the disparities in the geographic distribution of the species. Asymmetries in topics studied in each species diminish our ability to fully compare several aspects of the ecology of Ciona spp. and are priority areas for future research. We anticipate that our clarification of common and unique aspects of each species' ecology will help to provide context for future research in many aspects of the biology of Ciona spp.
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Gauff RPM, Lejeusne C, Arsenieff L, Bohner O, Coudret J, Desbordes F, Jandard A, Loisel S, Schires G, Wafo E, Davoult D. Alien vs. predator: influence of environmental variability and predation on the survival of ascidian recruits of a native and alien species. Biol Invasions 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-021-02720-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Christianson KA, Eggleston DB. Testing ecological theories in the Anthropocene: alteration of succession by an invasive marine species. Ecosphere 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kayla A. Christianson
- Department of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, Center for Marine Sciences and Technology North Carolina State University Morehead City North Carolina28557USA
| | - David B. Eggleston
- Department of Marine, Earth, and Atmospheric Sciences, Center for Marine Sciences and Technology North Carolina State University Morehead City North Carolina28557USA
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Utermann C, Blümel M, Busch K, Buedenbender L, Lin Y, Haltli BA, Kerr RG, Briski E, Hentschel U, Tasdemir D. Comparative Microbiome and Metabolome Analyses of the Marine Tunicate Ciona intestinalis from Native and Invaded Habitats. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8122022. [PMID: 33348696 PMCID: PMC7767289 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8122022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Massive fouling by the invasive ascidian Ciona intestinalis in Prince Edward Island (PEI, Canada) has been causing devastating losses to the local blue mussel farms. In order to gain first insights into so far unexplored factors that may contribute to the invasiveness of C. intestinalis in PEI, we undertook comparative microbiome and metabolome studies on specific tissues from C. intestinalis populations collected in invaded (PEI) and native regions (Helgoland and Kiel, Germany). Microbial community analyses and untargeted metabolomics revealed clear location- and tissue-specific patterns showing that biogeography and the sampled tissue shape the microbiome and metabolome of C. intestinalis. Moreover, we observed higher microbial and chemical diversity in C. intestinalis from PEI than in the native populations. Bacterial OTUs specific to C. intestinalis from PEI included Cyanobacteria (e.g., Leptolyngbya sp.) and Rhodobacteraceae (e.g., Roseobacter sp.), while populations from native sampling sites showed higher abundances of e.g., Firmicutes (Helgoland) and Epsilonproteobacteria (Kiel). Altogether 121 abundant metabolites were putatively annotated in the global ascidian metabolome, of which 18 were only detected in the invasive PEI population (e.g., polyketides and terpenoids), while six (e.g., sphingolipids) or none were exclusive to the native specimens from Helgoland and Kiel, respectively. Some identified bacteria and metabolites reportedly possess bioactive properties (e.g., antifouling and antibiotic) that may contribute to the overall fitness of C. intestinalis. Hence, this first study provides a basis for future studies on factors underlying the global invasiveness of Ciona species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Utermann
- GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology (GEOMAR-Biotech), Research Unit Marine Natural Products Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Am Kiel-Kanal 44, 24106 Kiel, Germany; (C.U.); (M.B.); (L.B.)
| | - Martina Blümel
- GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology (GEOMAR-Biotech), Research Unit Marine Natural Products Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Am Kiel-Kanal 44, 24106 Kiel, Germany; (C.U.); (M.B.); (L.B.)
| | - Kathrin Busch
- Research Unit Marine Symbioses, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Duesternbrooker Weg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (K.B.); (U.H.)
| | - Larissa Buedenbender
- GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology (GEOMAR-Biotech), Research Unit Marine Natural Products Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Am Kiel-Kanal 44, 24106 Kiel, Germany; (C.U.); (M.B.); (L.B.)
| | - Yaping Lin
- Research Group Invasion Ecology, Research Unit Experimental Ecology, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Duesternbrooker Weg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (Y.L.); (E.B.)
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Rd., Haidian District, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Bradley A. Haltli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada; (B.A.H.); (R.G.K.)
| | - Russell G. Kerr
- Department of Chemistry, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada; (B.A.H.); (R.G.K.)
| | - Elizabeta Briski
- Research Group Invasion Ecology, Research Unit Experimental Ecology, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Duesternbrooker Weg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (Y.L.); (E.B.)
| | - Ute Hentschel
- Research Unit Marine Symbioses, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Duesternbrooker Weg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany; (K.B.); (U.H.)
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Kiel University, Christian-Albrechts-Platz 4, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Deniz Tasdemir
- GEOMAR Centre for Marine Biotechnology (GEOMAR-Biotech), Research Unit Marine Natural Products Chemistry, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Am Kiel-Kanal 44, 24106 Kiel, Germany; (C.U.); (M.B.); (L.B.)
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Kiel University, Christian-Albrechts-Platz 4, 24118 Kiel, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-431-6004430
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Gordon T, Roth L, Caicci F, Manni L, Shenkar N. Spawning induction, development and culturing of the solitary ascidian Polycarpa mytiligera, an emerging model for regeneration studies. Front Zool 2020; 17:19. [PMID: 32536959 PMCID: PMC7288498 DOI: 10.1186/s12983-020-00365-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ascidians (phylum Chordata, class Ascidiacea) represent the closest living invertebrate relatives of the vertebrates and constitute an important model for studying the evolution of chordate development. The solitary ascidian Polycarpa mytiligera exhibits a robust regeneration ability, unique among solitary chordates, thus offering a promising new model for regeneration studies. Understanding its reproductive development and establishing land-based culturing methods is pivotal for utilizing this species for experimental studies. Its reproduction cycle, spawning behavior, and developmental processes were therefore studied in both the field and the lab, and methods were developed for its culture in both open and closed water systems. RESULTS Field surveys revealed that P. mytiligera's natural recruitment period starts in summer (June) and ends in winter (December) when seawater temperature decreases. Laboratory experiments revealed that low temperature (21 °C) has a negative effect on its fertilization and development. Although spontaneous spawning events occur only between June and December, we were able to induce spawning under controlled conditions year-round by means of gradual changes in the environmental conditions. Spawning events, followed by larval development and metamorphosis, took place in ascidians maintained in either artificial or natural seawater facilities. P. mytiligera's fast developmental process indicated its resemblance to other oviparous species, with the larvae initiating settlement and metamorphosis at about 12 h post-hatching, and reaching the juvenile stage 3 days later. CONCLUSIONS Polycarpa mytiligera can be induced to spawn in captivity year-round, independent of the natural reproduction season. The significant advantages of P. mytiligera as a model system for regenerative studies, combined with the detailed developmental data and culturing methods presented here, will contribute to future research addressing developmental and evolutionary questions, and promote the use of this species as an applicable model system for experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal Gordon
- George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, School of Zoology, Tel-Aviv University, 6997801 Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Lachan Roth
- George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, School of Zoology, Tel-Aviv University, 6997801 Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Federico Caicci
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Lucia Manni
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Noa Shenkar
- George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, School of Zoology, Tel-Aviv University, 6997801 Tel-Aviv, Israel
- The Steinhardt Museum of Natural History, Israel National Center for Biodiversity Studies, Tel-Aviv University, 6997801 Tel-Aviv, Israel
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Cheng BS, Ruiz GM, Altieri AH, Torchin ME. The biogeography of invasion in tropical and temperate seagrass beds: Testing interactive effects of predation and propagule pressure. DIVERS DISTRIB 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Brian S. Cheng
- Tennenbaum Marine Observatories NetworkSmithsonian Institution Washington District of Columbia
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center Edgewater Maryland
- Department of Environmental ConservationUniversity of Massachusetts Amherst Massachusetts
| | - Gregory M. Ruiz
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center Edgewater Maryland
| | - Andrew H. Altieri
- Tennenbaum Marine Observatories NetworkSmithsonian Institution Washington District of Columbia
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Balboa, Ancon Republic of Panama
- Department of Environmental Engineering SciencesUniversity of Florida Gainesville Florida
| | - Mark E. Torchin
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Balboa, Ancon Republic of Panama
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Lins DM, de Marco P, Andrade AFA, Rocha RM. Predicting global ascidian invasions. DIVERS DISTRIB 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M. Lins
- Ecology and Conservation Graduate Program; Universidade Federal do Paraná; Curitiba Brazil
| | - Paulo de Marco
- Ecology and Evolution Graduate Program; Universidade Federal de Goiás; Goiania Brazil
| | - Andre F. A. Andrade
- Ecology and Evolution Graduate Program; Universidade Federal de Goiás; Goiania Brazil
| | - Rosana M. Rocha
- Ecology and Conservation Graduate Program; Universidade Federal do Paraná; Curitiba Brazil
- Zoology Department; Universidade Federal do Paraná; Curitiba Brazil
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Astudillo JC, Bonebrake TC, Leung KMY. The recently introduced bivalve Xenostrobus securis has higher thermal and salinity tolerance than the native Brachidontes variabilis and established Mytilopsis sallei. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 118:229-236. [PMID: 28259420 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The recently introduced bivalve Xenostrobus securis and the previously introduced Mytilopsis sallei (~30years) are dominant over the native Brachidontes variabilis in estuarine fouling communities in Hong Kong. This study tested whether these introduced species have higher thermal and salinity tolerance than the native species under local subtropical seawater conditions. Survival, attachment, clearance rate and byssal thread production of these three species were examined through 96-h acute temperature and salinity tests. The results indicated that X. securis responded normally over a wide range of temperature and salinity conditions. Though M. sallei exhibited a wide salinity tolerance, its sub-lethal responses decreased in cold-seawater conditions. Brachidontes variabilis had the narrowest tolerance to temperature and salinity. These findings may explain the dominance of the non-native bivalves over B. variabilis. The high tolerance of X. securis enables them to become highly invasive in subtropical regions across Southeast Asia, impacting natural communities and shellfish farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan C Astudillo
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Hong Kong, Cape d'Aguilar Road, Shek O, Hong Kong, China; School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Timothy C Bonebrake
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kenneth M Y Leung
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Hong Kong, Cape d'Aguilar Road, Shek O, Hong Kong, China; School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Simon F.S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
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