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Rey-Villiers N, González-Díaz P, Sánchez A. Octocoral growth rate and mortality along a eutrophication gradient in Cuban reefs. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 202:106739. [PMID: 39255630 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
Octocorals are showing resilience to local and global stressors, while the decline in zooxanthellate corals continues. One of the processes that helps explain this ecological succession is the vertical growth of octocorals, which allows colonies to avoid stressors occurring at the substrate level. However, the growth and survival of octocorals could be affected by eutrophication, similar to what has happened with zooxanthellate corals. For this reason, the growth rate, mortality and survival of two octocoral species were determined along a eutrophication gradient in Cuba. A permanent band transect (250 × 2 m) was established on seven frontal reefs, and marked colonies were monitored for one year. The growth rates in height, width and colony area of Eunicea flexuosa and Plexaura kükenthali were significantly greater in the reefs near the polluted river basins. The eutrophication gradient, water visibility, and sediment accumulation on the bottom explained 36-78% of the variability in the growth of both species. The positive and significant correlations between the growth rate and stable nitrogen isotopes in both species and the microbiological variables, suggest that the contributions of dissolved inorganic nitrogen and organic matter from sewage discharge favor the growth of colonies. The eutrophication gradient did not explain the variability in mortality of either species in the short term, while hydrodynamic stress did. The results of this research highlight the resilience of both species and their ability to grow more rapidly in areas with eutrophic conditions, low water visibility, and greater sediment accumulation on the bottom, which may help explain the abundance of octocorals in the western tropical Atlantic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Néstor Rey-Villiers
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, La Paz, B.C.S., México. Av. IPN S/N, Col. Playa Palo de Sta. Rita, Apdo. Postal #592, 23096, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico.
| | - Patricia González-Díaz
- Centro de Investigaciones Marinas, Universidad de La Habana, La Habana, Cuba, Calle 16 No. 114, Playa, CP 11300, La Habana, Cuba.
| | - Alberto Sánchez
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, La Paz, B.C.S., México. Av. IPN S/N, Col. Playa Palo de Sta. Rita, Apdo. Postal #592, 23096, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico.
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Rey-Villiers N, Sánchez A, González-Díaz P, Álvarez-Filip L. Morphometric responses of two zooxanthellate octocorals along a water quality gradient in the Cuban northwestern coast. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290293. [PMID: 37594931 PMCID: PMC10437867 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Octocoral abundance is increasing on Caribbean reefs, and one of the possible causes is their vertical morphological plasticity that allows them to grow above the substrate to reduce the effect of processes that occur in it (e.g., scour by sediments) as well as adapt to environmental gradients. The aim of this study was to determine the morphometric response of two octocorals species (Eunicea flexuosa and Plexaura kükenthali) with different life strategies in a water quality gradient. The research was carried out between 2008 and 2016 on eight forereefs of northwest Cuba. Different morphometric indicators were measured in the colonies of both species found within a belt transect (100 x 2 m) randomly located at each site. The lowest means in height, diameter, number of terminal branches/colony, cover index, and least arborescent colonies of E. flexuosa were detected at the sites with the greatest anthropogenic pollution. The water quality gradient did not explain the variability of the five morphometric indicators of P. kükenthali. However, hydrodynamic stress was the factor that most negatively affected the morphometry of this species. The chronic effect of poor water quality over time resulted in more small sized colonies of E. flexuosa at the polluted site, probably due to higher mortality. The size distribution of P. kükenthali also showed the same trend but at the sites with greater hydrodynamic stress. These results show that the morphometric response of octocorals along a water quality gradient is species-specific. This study suggests that poor water quality decreases the size and thus availability of habitat provided by octocorals sensitive to that factor (e.g., E. flexuosa) while other tolerant species (e.g., P. kükenthali) could provide the habitat of several organisms in a scenario of increasing anthropogenic pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Néstor Rey-Villiers
- Biodiversity and Reef Conservation Laboratory, Unidad Académica de Sistemas Arrecifales, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo, México
| | - Alberto Sánchez
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, La Paz, Baja California Sur, México
| | | | - Lorenzo Álvarez-Filip
- Biodiversity and Reef Conservation Laboratory, Unidad Académica de Sistemas Arrecifales, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo, México
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Menezes N, Cruz I, da Rocha GO, de Andrade JB, Leão ZMAN. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in coral reefs with a focus on Scleractinian corals: A systematic overview. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 877:162868. [PMID: 36934938 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The impact of petroleum exploitation and oil spills in marine ecosystems has increased over time. Among the concerns regarding these events, the impact on coral reefs stand out because this ecosystem has ecological and economic importance and is globally threatened. We performed a systematic review and bibliometric analysis of studies that determine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in coral reefs, attempting to answer how the studies were distributed around the globe, the main environmental matrices and species of coral studied, the main PAHs found and their mean concentrations, and the methodology used. A bibliographic search resulted in 42 studies with worldwide distribution. The bibliometric results presented more explored terms, such as sediments and toxicology, and newly investigated terms, which should encourage a new area of study, such as those related to zooxanthellae and mucus. The main matrices studied in coral reefs are sediments, corals, and water, whereas air and other invertebrates have rarely been studied. Approximately 45 species of corals with several morphotypes have been reported. PAHs recommended by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) were analyzed in all studies, while additional compounds were analyzed in only five. The methods used to determine hydrocarbons are predominantly the most traditional; however, for corals, studies have tended to separate tissue, zooxanthellae, skeleton, and mucus. In the future, we recommend investment in improving the capacity to detect non-conventional PAHs, more studies in regions that are rarely explored in developing countries, and the creation of databases to facilitate management planning on marine coasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Menezes
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Energia e Ambiente - INCT, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Centro Interdisciplinar em Energia e Ambiente - CIEnAm, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil.
| | - Igor Cruz
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Energia e Ambiente - INCT, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Laboratory of Biological Oceanography, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Department of Oceanography, Institute of Geosciences, Barão de Jeremoabo Street, Ondina, Salvador 40210-340, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Gisele O da Rocha
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Energia e Ambiente - INCT, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Centro Interdisciplinar em Energia e Ambiente - CIEnAm, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil; Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Jailson B de Andrade
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Energia e Ambiente - INCT, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115, Salvador, BA, Brazil; Centro Interdisciplinar em Energia e Ambiente - CIEnAm, Universidade Federal da Bahia, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil; Centro Universitário SENAI-CIMATEC, 41650-110 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Zelinda M A N Leão
- Laboratory of Coral Reefs and Global Changes-RECOR, Institute of Geosciences, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Barão de Jeremoabo Street, Ondina, Salvador 40210-340, Bahia, Brazil
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Carvalho ACB, Moreira VA, Vicente MDC, Bidone ED, Bernardes MC, Sabadini-Santos E. Sterol and PAHs fingerprint analysis of organic matter at Southeast Brazilian Bay. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 181:113899. [PMID: 35839664 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Southeast Brazilian bays have been increasingly degraded by untreated organic loads. Therefore, to assess fecal contamination status, sediment quality regarding polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and sources of organic matter (OM), we have determined fine-grained and total organic carbon (TOC) content and concentrations of PAHs and sterols in twenty-six surface sediment samples in Sepetiba Bay. The fine-grained (1-26 %), TOC (0.20-3.45 %), PAHs (<LQ - 78.27 ng g-1) and sterols (0.10-21.58 μg g-1) results showed a decreasing trend from the internal to the external sector of the study area. The diagnostic ratios of selected PAHs and sterols indicated a mixture with significant contribution from continental and pyrolytic OM in all stations. The fecal contamination is significant to the internal sector of Sepetiba Bay. Considering a site-specific sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) the PAHs levels with more restricted benchmark values indicate the harbor and the internal sector as contaminated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo C B Carvalho
- Departamento de Geoquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense - UFF, 24.020-141 Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Vanessa A Moreira
- Departamento de Geoquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense - UFF, 24.020-141 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Murilo de C Vicente
- Departamento de Geoquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense - UFF, 24.020-141 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Edison Dausacker Bidone
- Departamento de Geoquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense - UFF, 24.020-141 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcelo C Bernardes
- Departamento de Geoquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense - UFF, 24.020-141 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Elisamara Sabadini-Santos
- Departamento de Geoquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense - UFF, 24.020-141 Niterói, RJ, Brazil
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Zafarani GG, Karbalaei S, Golshani R, Pustokhina I, Walker TR. Baseline occurrence, distribution and sources of PAHs, TPH, and OCPs in surface sediments in Gorgan Bay, Iran. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 175:113346. [PMID: 35114549 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Baseline polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in surface sediments were measured in Gorgan Bay, Iran. Total PAHs, TPH, and OCPs concentrations ranged between 13.70 and 23.68 ng g-1, 2.97 to 11.51 μg g-1 dry weight, and below detection to 1.41 ng g-1, respectively. Benzo [k] fluoranthene and anthracene had the highest (BkF; 19.77 ± 0.08 ng g-1), and lowest (Ant; 4.38 ± 1.72 ng g-1) individual PAH concentrations, respectively. The most abundant OCPs were β-Endosulfan, followed by methoxychlor and endrin. PAH isomeric ratios in sediments revealed that contamination originated from mixed sources, with a strong indication of pyrogenic sources. Ecological risk assessments based on sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) suggested that individual PAHs and OCPs posed low ecological risks in Gorgan Bay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghasem Ghorbanzadeh Zafarani
- Research Center for Environment and Sustainable Development (RCESD), Iranian Department of Environment, Tehran 141551156, Iran.
| | - Samaneh Karbalaei
- Research Center for Environment and Sustainable Development (RCESD), Iranian Department of Environment, Tehran 141551156, Iran
| | | | - Inna Pustokhina
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Department of Propaedeutics of Dental Diseases, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tony R Walker
- School for Resource and Environmental Studies, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
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Rey-Villiers N, Sánchez A, González-Díaz P. Stable nitrogen isotopes in octocorals as an indicator of water quality decline from the northwestern region of Cuba. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:18457-18470. [PMID: 32623667 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09956-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Eutrophication is one of the causes of the degradation of reefs worldwide. The aim of this research is to determine if sewage discharge reaches the fore reefs at northwest of Cuba using δ15N in tissues of the octocorals Eunicea flexuosa and Plexaura kuekenthali and the concentration of microbiological and physical-chemical variables. Thirteen reefs at 10-m depth were selected near river basins and far from the urban and industrial development of Havana City. Branch tips of both species were collected, the concentrations of nutrient and microorganisms in water samples were quantified, and horizontal visibility in the water (Vis) was determined. Overall, δ15N of E. flexuosa ranged from 1.5 to 6.3‰ and P. kuekenthali from 1.7 to 6.7‰. The tissue of both species was significantly enriched in 15N in reefs near polluted watersheds compared with reefs far from pollution by anthropogenic activities. The δ15N of both species showed a positive and significant correlation with the concentration of fecal and total coliform bacteria, heterotrophic bacteria, and NH4+ and a negative and significant correlation with the Vis. The δ15N of the two species and microbiological and physical-chemical variables evidenced water quality decline by sewage discharge that reached reefs near polluted watersheds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Néstor Rey-Villiers
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. IPN S/N, Col. Playa Palo de Sta. Rita, Apdo. Postal #592, 23096, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico.
- Instituto de Ciencias del Mar, Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología y Medio Ambiente, Loma y 39, Plaza, CP 10600, Havana, Cuba.
| | - Alberto Sánchez
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. IPN S/N, Col. Playa Palo de Sta. Rita, Apdo. Postal #592, 23096, La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico
| | - Patricia González-Díaz
- Centro de Investigaciones Marinas, Universidad de La Habana, Calle 16 No. 114, Playa, CP 11300, Havana, Cuba
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Nunes BZ, Zanardi-Lamardo E, Choueri RB, Castro ÍB. Marine protected areas in Latin America and Caribbean threatened by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 269:116194. [PMID: 33288292 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The present study is a literature-based analysis investigating occurrence and the possible consequences of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in marine protected areas (MPAs) of Latin America and Caribbean. The approach using overlapping of georeferenced MPA polygons with data compiled from peer-reviewed literature, published during the last 15 years, showed 341 records of PAH in 9 countries. PAH was reported to occur within the boundaries of 36 MPAs located in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, Nicaragua and Uruguay. According to quality guidelines, low to moderate impacts are expected in MPAs categorized in different management classes. Considering sediment samples, 13% of the records presented concentrations enough to cause occasional toxicity. Such level of risk was also seen in Ramsar sites and in Amazonian MPAs. In addition, based on concentrations reported in biota, occasional deleterious effects on organisms from Biosphere Reserves might occur. Diagnostic ratios pointed out petrogenic and pyrolytic processes as PAH predominant sources, and were mainly attributed to the proximity to ports, industries and urban areas. MPAs located in the vicinity of impact-generating areas may be under threat and require government attention and action, mainly through implementation of contamination monitoring programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Zachello Nunes
- Instituto Do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (IMAR-UNIFESP), Santos, SP, Brazil; Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande (IO-FURG), Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Eliete Zanardi-Lamardo
- Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Ítalo Braga Castro
- Instituto Do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (IMAR-UNIFESP), Santos, SP, Brazil; Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande (IO-FURG), Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
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Zígolo MA, Irazusta VP, Rajal VB. Correlation between initial biodegradability determined by docking studies and structure of alkylbenzene sulfonates: A new tool for intelligent design of environmentally friendly anionic surfactants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 728:138731. [PMID: 32339835 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Gray water constitutes an important fraction of total wastewater. Some of the most problematic compounds in gray water are the anionic surfactants used as an ingredient for domestic and industrial soaps and detergents. The alkylbenzene sulfonates used in commercially available formula are highly complex mixtures of linear (LAS) and branched (BAS) molecules. LAS are classified generally as biodegradable, although their widespread use generates accumulation in the environment. Docking tools, widely used in recent years in the bioremediation field, allow molecular modeling of the ligand-enzyme interaction, which is key to understanding and evaluating the possibility of biodegradation. In this work, molecular details that allow us to establish a biodegradation pattern for some alkylbenzene sulfonates were elucidated. Two hydrogen bonds, key for the anchorage of surfactants to the monooxygenase active site involved in the initial biodegradation, were found. These bonds determine the way surfactants locate in the hydrophobic pocket of the enzyme affecting the biodegradation rate in a structurally dependent manner. For C10 to C12 linear isomers, the degradation rate increased together with the length of the hydrocarbon chain. For C13 and C14 isomers, steric difficulties to accommodate the surfactant molecule in the catalytic site were observed. For branched chain isomers, little or no biodegradation was found. In addition, biodegradation was lower in mixtures than for the pure isomers. These results will allow an intelligent design of this family of anionic surfactants to attenuate their contaminating effects in waters and soils. This study constitutes, to the best of our knowledge, a novel contribution towards the design of environmentally friendly surfactants with higher probabilities of being biodegraded to complete mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Antonela Zígolo
- Instituto de Investigaciones para la Industria Química (INIQUI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) - Universidad Nacional de Salta (UNSa), Av. Bolivia 5150, 4400 Salta, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, UNSa, Salta, Argentina
| | - Verónica Patricia Irazusta
- Instituto de Investigaciones para la Industria Química (INIQUI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) - Universidad Nacional de Salta (UNSa), Av. Bolivia 5150, 4400 Salta, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, UNSa, Salta, Argentina
| | - Verónica Beatriz Rajal
- Instituto de Investigaciones para la Industria Química (INIQUI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) - Universidad Nacional de Salta (UNSa), Av. Bolivia 5150, 4400 Salta, Argentina; Facultad de Ingeniería, UNSa, Salta, Argentina; Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE), School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
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Wang S, Liu G, Yuan Z, Liu Y, Lam PKS. Spatial Variability and Source Apportionment of Aliphatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments from the Typical Coal Mining Area. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2020; 105:230-236. [PMID: 32671410 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-020-02938-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fifty-four surface sediments from the typical coal mining area were analyzed for pristane, phytane and C8-C40 n-alkanes using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The spatial distribution, homolog profiles and source apportionment of aliphatic hydrocarbons were investigated. Bimodal distribution pattern, centered at C16-C20 and C27-C33 n-alkanes, were observed in all sediment samples with an obvious dominance of low molecular weight homologues. Principal component analysis-multiple linear regression (PCA-MLR) was used to predict the contributions of different sources. The result implied that natural input was the main source, contribution of which accounted for 60.8%, and the contributions of different sources were estimated as follow: 21.8% for terrestrial higher plants, 24.1% for algae and photosynthetic bacteria, 14.9% for submerged/floating macrophytes, 23.5% for fossil fuel combustion and 15.7% for petroleum hydrocarbons. Moreover, relatively high median concentrations of fossil fuel combustion were observed in Shou County and Fengtai County, indicating the high contribution of fossil fuel combustion in these two areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environment, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710075, Shaanxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution (SKLMP), Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Guijian Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environment, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710075, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Zijiao Yuan
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Water and Soil Pollution Control and Remediation, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, Anhui, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environment, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, China
| | - Paul K S Lam
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution (SKLMP), Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Rey-Villiers N, Sánchez A, Caballero-Aragón H, González-Díaz P. Spatio temporal variation in octocoral assemblages along a water quality gradient in the northwestern region of Cuba. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 153:110981. [PMID: 32275537 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.110981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Rivers are the main sources of nutrients to coastal zones. Therefore, the effects of water quality degradation on octocoral assemblages and their relationship with microbiological and physical-chemical variables were determined in reefs close to river basins in the northwestern region of Cuba. The evaluations were carried out in 1 m2 frames at a depth of 10 m in 13 fore reefs. The highest concentrations of the microbiological variables and hydrochemicals and the lowest horizontal visibility in the water column were detected in the reefs near the river basins. The lowest richness, diversity and octocoral density were related to higher concentrations of fecal coliform, total coliform and fecal streptococcal bacteria, sediment accumulation on the bottom and lower visibility. The structure of the octocoral assemblages varied significantly between reefs due to fecal organic pollution. Water quality deterioration in the reefs near the river basins has negatively affected the octocoral assemblages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Néstor Rey-Villiers
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. IPN S/N, Col. Playa Palo de Sta. Rita, Apdo. Postal #592, 23096 La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico; Instituto de Ciencias del Mar, Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología y Medio Ambiente (CITMA), Loma y 39, Plaza, CP 10600 La Habana, Cuba
| | - Alberto Sánchez
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. IPN S/N, Col. Playa Palo de Sta. Rita, Apdo. Postal #592, 23096 La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico.
| | - Hansel Caballero-Aragón
- Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad, Liga Periférico Insurgentes Sur, No. 4903, Tlalpan, 14010 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Patricia González-Díaz
- Centro de Investigaciones Marinas, Universidad de La Habana, Calle 16 No. 114, Playa, CP 11300 La Habana, Cuba.
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Sutilli M, Combi T, Garcia MRD, Martins CC. One century of historical deposition and flux of hydrocarbons in a sediment core from a South Atlantic RAMSAR subtropical estuary. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 706:136017. [PMID: 31855633 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Levels and fluxes of Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and aliphatic hydrocarbons (AHs), including n-alkanes and petroleum biomarkers (PBMs), were measured in a sedimentary core from a nominated RAMSAR (Guaratuba Bay, Brazil) subtropical estuary experiencing relatively low human impacts, to describe the evolution of anthropogenic activities over the last century. TOC contents varied from 0.80 to 1.25%. No significant correlation between hydrocarbons and TOC with grain size (predominantly sand) was observed. Concentration and flux of total AHs ranged from 65.5 to 195 μg g-1 and 27.6 to 82.0 μg cm-2 y-1, respectively, with the highest levels found in 1960-1966, when access routes to Guaratuba city were improved. Diagnostic ratios based on AH components showed an apparent change in the sources over time, with biogenic origins prevailing until 1966-1971, followed by subsequent increases in petroleum sources. Petroleum tricyclic terpanes were detected in the core (0.40 to 3.0 μg g-1), suggesting the use of lubricating oil in the bay area. Hopanes were mainly attributed to biological sources. Concentration and flux of total PAHs ranged from 8.65 to 35.9 ng g-1 and 3.64 to 15.1 ng cm-2 y-1, respectively, with the highest levels found in the top core section, reflecting recently increased human activity, while a peak PAH concentration at approximately 1977-1983 can be assumed to be a delayed signal of increased human occupation as a consequence of the improvement of access roads to the area, which started in the 1960s. Alkylated were the most abundant group of PAHs throughout the core. Despite relatively low concentrations of hydrocarbon deposition over approximately 90 years, this study highlights the influence of human occupation and slight petroleum contamination in this preserved area, mainly in recent core sections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Sutilli
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sistemas Costeiros e Oceânicos (PGSISCO), Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 61, 83255-976 Pontal do Paraná, PR, Brazil..
| | - Tatiane Combi
- Centro de Estudos do Mar, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 61, 83255-976 Pontal do Paraná, PR, Brazil.; Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo s/n, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Marina Reback Domingues Garcia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sistemas Costeiros e Oceânicos (PGSISCO), Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 61, 83255-976 Pontal do Paraná, PR, Brazil
| | - César C Martins
- Centro de Estudos do Mar, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 61, 83255-976 Pontal do Paraná, PR, Brazil..
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Pulster EL, Gracia A, Armenteros M, Carr BE, Mrowicki J, Murawski SA. Chronic PAH exposures and associated declines in fish health indices observed for ten grouper species in the Gulf of Mexico. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 703:135551. [PMID: 31767300 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ten grouper species grouper (n = 584) were collected throughout the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) from 2011 through 2017 to provide information on hepatobiliary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations in the aftermath of the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill. Liver and bile samples were analyzed for PAHs and their metabolites using triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC/MS/MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-F), respectively. Data were compared among species and sub-regions of the GoM to understand spatiotemporal exposure dynamics in these economically and ecologically important species. Significant differences in the composition and concentrations of PAHs were detected spatially, over time and by species. The West Florida Shelf, Cuba coast and the Yucatan Shelf had a greater proportion of the pyrogenic PAHs in their livers than the other regions likely due to non-oil industry related sources (e.g., marine vessel traffic) in the regional composition profiles. Mean liver PAH concentrations were highest in the north central region of the GoM where DWH occurred. Biliary PAH concentrations and health indicator biometrics initially decrease during the first three years following the DWH oil spill but significantly increased thereafter. Increased exposures are likely explained by the resuspension of residual DWH oil as well as continued inputs from natural (e.g., seeps) sources and other anthropogenically derived sources (e.g., riverine runoff, other oil spills, and leaking oil and gas infrastructure). The increasing trend in PAH concentrations in the bile and liver of grouper species in the north central region of the GoM post-DWH suggest continued chronic exposures, however the critical stage at which permanent, irreparable damage may occur is unknown. Long-term monitoring of PAH levels and associated fish health biomarkers is necessary to evaluate impacts of chronic exposures, particularly in regions subject to intensive oil extraction activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin L Pulster
- University of South Florida, College of Marine Science, St. Petersburg, FL, USA.
| | - Adolfo Gracia
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Ciudad de México, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Maickel Armenteros
- Universidad de La Habana, Centro de Investigaciones Marinas, 16 # 114, Playa, Habana 11300, Cuba
| | - Brigid E Carr
- University of South Florida, College of Marine Science, St. Petersburg, FL, USA
| | - Justin Mrowicki
- University of South Florida, College of Marine Science, St. Petersburg, FL, USA
| | - Steven A Murawski
- University of South Florida, College of Marine Science, St. Petersburg, FL, USA
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