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Li Y, Zhu Y, Huang J, Ho YW, Fang JKH, Lam EY. High-throughput microplastic assessment using polarization holographic imaging. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2355. [PMID: 38287056 PMCID: PMC10824714 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52762-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Microplastic (MP) pollution has emerged as a global environmental concern due to its ubiquity and harmful impacts on ecosystems and human health. MP assessment has therefore become increasingly necessary and common in environmental and experimental samples. Microscopy and spectroscopy are widely employed for the physical and chemical characterization of MPs. However, these analytical methods often require time-consuming pretreatments of samples or expensive instrumentation. In this work, we develop a portable and cost-effective polarization holographic imaging system that prominently incorporates deep learning techniques, enabling efficient, high-throughput detection and dynamic analysis of MPs in aqueous environments. The integration enhances the identification and classification of MPs, eliminating the need for extensive sample preparation. The system simultaneously captures holographic interference patterns and polarization states, allowing for multimodal information acquisition to facilitate rapid MP detection. The characteristics of light waves are registered, and birefringence features are leveraged to classify the material composition and structures of MPs. Furthermore, the system automates real-time counting and morphological measurements of various materials, including MP sheets and additional natural substances. This innovative approach significantly improves the dynamic monitoring of MPs and provides valuable information for their effective filtration and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxing Li
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yanmin Zhu
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jianqing Huang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Key Lab of Education Ministry for Power Machinery and Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yuen-Wa Ho
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - James Kar-Hei Fang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Edmund Y Lam
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Guo B, Lopez-Lorenzo X, Fang Y, Bäckström E, Capezza AJ, Vanga SR, Furó I, Hakkarainen M, Syrén PO. Fast Depolymerization of PET Bottle Mediated by Microwave Pre-Treatment and An Engineered PETase. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202300742. [PMID: 37384425 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202300742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Recycling plastics is the key to reaching a sustainable materials economy. Biocatalytic degradation of plastics shows great promise by allowing selective depolymerization of man-made materials into constituent building blocks under mild aqueous conditions. However, insoluble plastics have polymer chains that can reside in different conformations and show compact secondary structures that offer low accessibility for initiating the depolymerization reaction by enzymes. In this work, we overcome these shortcomings by microwave irradiation as a pre-treatment process to deliver powders of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) particles suitable for subsequent biotechnology-assisted plastic degradation by previously generated engineered enzymes. An optimized microwave step resulted in 1400 times higher integral of released terephthalic acid (TPA) from high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), compared to original untreated PET bottle. Biocatalytic plastic hydrolysis of substrates originating from PET bottles responded to 78 % yield conversion from 2 h microwave pretreatment and 1 h enzymatic reaction at 30 °C. The increase in activity stems from enhanced substrate accessibility from the microwave step, followed by the administration of designer enzymes capable of accommodating oligomers and shorter chains released in a productive conformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Guo
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 50-58, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Tomtebodavägen 23, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
| | - Ximena Lopez-Lorenzo
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 50-58, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Tomtebodavägen 23, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
| | - Yuan Fang
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30-36, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eva Bäckström
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 50-58, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Antonio Jose Capezza
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 50-58, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sudarsan Reddy Vanga
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 50-58, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Tomtebodavägen 23, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
| | - István Furó
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30-36, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 50-58, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per-Olof Syrén
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 50-58, 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden
- School of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Tomtebodavägen 23, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
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Valentino M, Sirico DG, Memmolo P, Miccio L, Bianco V, Ferraro P. Digital holographic approaches to the detection and characterization of microplastics in water environments. APPLIED OPTICS 2023; 62:D104-D118. [PMID: 37132775 DOI: 10.1364/ao.478700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic (MP) pollution is seriously threatening the environmental health of the world, which has accelerated the development of new identification and characterization methods. Digital holography (DH) is one of the emerging tools to detect MPs in a high-throughput flow. Here, we review advances in MP screening by DH. We examine the problem from both the hardware and software viewpoints. Automatic analysis based on smart DH processing is reported by highlighting the role played by artificial intelligence for classification and regression tasks. In this framework, the continuous development and availability in recent years of field-portable holographic flow cytometers for water monitoring also is discussed.
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Alak G, Köktürk M, Ucar A, Parlak V, Kocaman EM, Atamanalp M. Thermal processing implications on microplastics in rainbow trout fillet. J Food Sci 2022; 87:5455-5466. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gonca Alak
- Department of Seafood Technology Faculty of Fisheries Ataturk University Erzurum Turkey
| | - Mine Köktürk
- Department of Organic Farming School of Applied Science Iğdır University ğdır Turkey
| | - Arzu Ucar
- Department of Aquaculture Faculty of Fisheries Ataturk University Erzurum Turkey
| | - Veysel Parlak
- Department of Aquaculture Faculty of Fisheries Ataturk University Erzurum Turkey
| | - Esat Mahmut Kocaman
- Department of Aquaculture Faculty of Fisheries Ataturk University Erzurum Turkey
| | - Muhammed Atamanalp
- Department of Aquaculture Faculty of Fisheries Ataturk University Erzurum Turkey
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