1
|
Karunanidhi D, Subramani T, Srinivasamoorthy K, Shankar K, Yang Q, Jayasena HC. Coastal groundwater dynamics, environmental issues and sustainability: A synthesis. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 191:114973. [PMID: 37121187 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D Karunanidhi
- Department of Civil Engineering, Hindusthan College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore-641032, India.
| | - T Subramani
- Department of Geology and Department of Mining Engineering, CEG, Anna University, Chennai-600025, India.
| | | | - K Shankar
- Department of Applied Geology, School of Applied Natural Science, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Qingchun Yang
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, 130021, PR China
| | - H Chandra Jayasena
- Department of Geology, The University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Islam MM, Marandi A, Zahid A, Rabeya I, Fatema S. BRIDGE methodology-based quality standards to assess aquifer chemical status in the southwest Bengal Basin, Bangladesh. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:281. [PMID: 36622483 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10854-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Assessment of natural background levels (NBLs) of compositional groundwater parameters helps to identify the potential threats to groundwater resources. This study is the first attempt to apply the pre-selection-based BRIDGE (Background cRiteria for the IDentification of Groundwater thrEshold) methodology to calculate the NBLs and threshold values (TVs) of major groundwater constituents in the southwest Bengal Basin, Bangladesh. A database consisting of 78 groundwater samples was used to assess the NBLs and associated TVs of the major groundwater parameters (EC, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl-, NO3-, SO42-, PO43-, Mn2+, and Fe2+). NBLs were derived based on 90th and 97.7th percentiles. The status of regional groundwater resources was assessed by applying 90th percentile NBL on a regional dataset (n = 196). Results revealed the "poor" chemical status of shallow aquifers denoting heavy deterioration of the groundwater quality due to anthropogenic interventions. Nitrate contamination and salinization were identified as the major threats to the deep groundwater of the southwest Bengal Basin. Finally, to verify the chemical status of groundwater in a heavily urbanized area, derived TVs were applied throughout the experimental site Khulna. Twenty-five deep groundwater samples were collected for this purpose. Though most of the parameters exhibited "good" chemical status, nitrate demonstrated anthropogenic groundwater contamination in Khulna City. Thus, the developed TVs would provide an early warning system of pollution. On a national scale, it is expected to facilitate the sustainable groundwater management of the country and contribute to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) of the United Nations (UN) in Bangladesh.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Muhyminul Islam
- Department of Civil and Building Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1K 2R1, Canada.
- Department of Environmental Science and Disaster Management, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh.
| | - Andres Marandi
- Department of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Geological Survey of Estonia, F. R. Kreutzwaldi 5, Rakvere, 44314, Estonia
| | - Anwar Zahid
- Ground Water Hydrology, Bangladesh Water Development Board, Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Israth Rabeya
- Environmental Science Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Suraiya Fatema
- Institute of Applied Geosciences, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Parrone D, Frollini E, Masciale R, Melita M, Passarella G, Preziosi E, Ghergo S. A double pre-selection method for natural background levels assessment in coastal groundwater bodies. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 313:120076. [PMID: 36058317 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the chemical status of groundwater bodies (GWB) according to the European Groundwater Directive, EU Member States are required to take into account natural background levels (NBLs) where needed. Assessing the NBLs in coastal GWBs is complicated by seawater intrusion which can be amplified by groundwater withdrawals increasing the salinization of such groundwater systems. This paper proposes a new method for the NBLs assessment in coastal areas based on a double pre-selection (PS) with fixed/dynamic limits. A case study in the Apulia region, located in southeastern Italy, is proposed, where we investigated four adjacent GWBs which form the complex karst, fractured Murgia aquifer, hosted in the Jurassic-Cretaceous carbonate platform, bounded by two seas and sustained by saltwater of marine intrusion in the coastal areas. Data related to 139 monitoring stations (MSs) of the regional groundwater monitoring network were used. The first PS, "static", based on a fixed limit of anthropogenic contamination markers (NO3 and NH4), allows for the elimination of MSs impacted by human activities. On these, the second PS, "dynamic", based on the identification of Cl anomalous values, allows for the identification of additional MSs affected by saline contamination. The residual dataset of MSs was used for the definition of NBLs of Cl, SO4, F and B. A statistical comparison with historical Cl observations finally allowed us to verify if the salinity of current groundwater is representative of pristine conditions. The calculated NBLs of salinity parameters are higher for the two coastal GWBs, with chloride values between 0.8 and 2 mg/L. Conversely, fluorides always show very low NBLs. The double PS approach seems more effective for NBLs calculation in coastal aquifers affected by saline contamination, where the use of a fixed Cl limit fails. It may respond to the international needs for a standardized procedure for NBL assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Parrone
- IRSA-CNR, Water Research Institute - National Research Council, Via Salaria Km 29.300, PB 10, 00015 Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - E Frollini
- IRSA-CNR, Water Research Institute - National Research Council, Via Salaria Km 29.300, PB 10, 00015 Monterotondo, Rome, Italy.
| | - R Masciale
- IRSA-CNR, Water Research Institute - National Research Council, V.le Francesco de Blasio 5, 70132, Bari, Italy
| | - M Melita
- IRSA-CNR, Water Research Institute - National Research Council, Via Salaria Km 29.300, PB 10, 00015 Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - G Passarella
- IRSA-CNR, Water Research Institute - National Research Council, V.le Francesco de Blasio 5, 70132, Bari, Italy
| | - E Preziosi
- IRSA-CNR, Water Research Institute - National Research Council, Via Salaria Km 29.300, PB 10, 00015 Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - S Ghergo
- IRSA-CNR, Water Research Institute - National Research Council, Via Salaria Km 29.300, PB 10, 00015 Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|