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Huang Y, Liu HM, Wu LL, Yu GY, Xiang RL. Long non-coding RNA and mRNA profile analysis in the parotid gland of mouse with type 2 diabetes. Life Sci 2021; 268:119009. [PMID: 33412210 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.119009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Salivary gland dysfunction is a common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is evidenced to involve in the functional regulation of salivary gland, however, its role in DM-impaired gland is unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the expression profiles and functional networks of lncRNA in the parotid glands (PGs) of DM mice. MAIN METHODS Microarray was used to detect lncRNA and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression profiles in the PGs from db/db and db/m mice. Eleven differently expressed (DE) lncRNAs validated by qRT-PCR were selected for coding-non-coding gene co-expression (CNC) and competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network analysis, as well as the following Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. Pearson's coefficient correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlations between DE lncRNAs expression and DM pathology. KEY FINDINGS By using a 2-fold change and P < 0.05 as the cutoff criteria, 1650 DE lncRNAs (758 upregulated and 892 downregulated) and 1073 mRNAs (563 upregulated and 510 downregulated) were identified in the PGs of db/db mice compared to db/m mice. GO and KEGG analysis of DE mRNA suggested that activated inflammation response and downregulated ion transport might count for the dysfunction of diabetic PG. CNC and ceRNA networks analysis of 11 DE lncRNAs showed that the inflammation process and its related signaling pathways including advanced glycation end product (AGE)-receptor for AGE (RAGE) signaling pathway in diabetic complications, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, chemokine signaling pathway, apoptosis, and cell adhesion molecules were significantly enriched. The alterations of lncRNAs were closely correlated with higher blood glucose and serum insulin levels in mice. SIGNIFICANCE We identified multiple lncRNAs/mRNAs and several signaling pathways that may involve in the pathogenesis of diabetic salivary injury, providing new insight into potential target of diabetic hyposalivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Hui-Min Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Li-Ling Wu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Guang-Yan Yu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, PR China.
| | - Ruo-Lan Xiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, and Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing 100191, PR China.
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Liu HM, Huang Y, Li L, Zhang Y, Cong X, Wu LL, Xiang RL. MicroRNA-mRNA expression profiles and functional network of submandibular gland in type 2 diabetic db/db mice. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 120:104947. [PMID: 33113460 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hyposalivation is a common symptom of diabetes. Although microRNAs (miRNAs) play a role in the pathogenesis of diabetes, the specific effects of miRNAs on diabetic salivary glands are not clear. DESIGN We used high-throughput technologies to screen differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs and mRNAs in submandibular gland (SMG) tissues from db/db mice and db/m mice. DE miRNAs and mRNAs were confirmed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). RESULTS Twenty-eight DE miRNAs and 1146 DE mRNAs were identified between the SMG tissues of db/db mice and db/m mice. Gene ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis demonstrated that the DE miRNAs were highly associated with terms related to diverse biological processes and signalling pathways. Of the related pathways, the tight junction pathway, autophagy pathway and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signalling pathway were notable. AKT serine/threonine kinase 3 (AKT3) and phosphoinositide-3 kinase catalytic subunit delta (PIK3CD) may also play important roles in the development of diabetes-mediated hyposalivation. CONCLUSIONS Our research described the miRNA-mRNA expression profiles and miRNA-mRNA network in the SMG tissues of db/db mice. These results provide possible molecular mechanisms of diabetes-induced hyposalivation and information for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Min Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xin Cong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Li-Ling Wu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ruo-Lan Xiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Bernardi L, Souza BCD, Sonda NC, Visioli F, Rados PV, Lamers ML. Effects of Diabetes and Hypertension on Oral Mucosa and TGFβ1 Salivary Levels. Braz Dent J 2018; 29:309-315. [PMID: 29972459 DOI: 10.1590/0103-644020181868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate salivary levels of TGFβ1 and proliferation/ maturation of epithelial mucosa cells in diabetic and hypertensive patients. DESIGN in this cross-sectional study, whole stimulated saliva and oral mucosa exfoliative cytology specimens were collected from 39 patients that were healthy (control, n=10) or presented history of arterial hypertension (HAS, n=9), diabetes mellitus (DM, n=10) or both (DM+HAS, n=10). Salivary flow rate (SFR), TGFβ1 level in saliva, AgNORs and the epithelial maturation were evaluated. Non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by Dunn's multiple comparison post-test and the Spearman test correlation analysis were used. SFR showed a significant decreased in DM and DM+HAS (0.47±0.11 and 0.64±0.43 mL/min) when compared to control (1.4±0.38 mL/min). DM+HAS presented the highest value of TGFβ1 concentration (24.72±5.89 pg/mL). It was observed a positive correlation between TGFβ1 and glycaemia (R=0.6371; p<0.001) and a negative correlation between TGFβ1 and saliva (R=-0.6162; p<0.001) and glycaemia and SFR (R=-0.5654; P=0.001). AgNORs number and status of maturation of mucosa cells were similar for all conditions. DM and DM+HAS presented the lowest SFR, which correlated with increased TGFβ1 levels. Despite the higher TGFβ1 secretion it was not observed changes in the morphology or proliferation of epithelial cells when diabetes or hypertension was present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisiane Bernardi
- Basic Research Center, Dentistry School, UFRGS - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Capitanio de Souza
- Basic Research Center, Dentistry School, UFRGS - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Nicole Canalli Sonda
- Basic Research Center, Dentistry School, UFRGS - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Visioli
- Department of Oral Pathology, Dentistry School, UFRGS - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Pantelis Varvaki Rados
- Department of Oral Pathology, Dentistry School, UFRGS - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Lazzaron Lamers
- Department of Morphological Sciences, UFRGS - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Monteiro MM, D'Epiro TTS, Bernardi L, Fossati ACM, Santos MFD, Lamers ML. Long- and short-term diabetes mellitus type 1 modify young and elder rat salivary glands morphology. Arch Oral Biol 2016; 73:40-47. [PMID: 27664563 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2016.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study we performed a temporal analysis of the effects of Diabetes Mellitus on morphology and laminin deposition in salivary glands of young (2 months-old) and aging (12 months-old) male Wistar rats, using immunohistochemistry. MATERIALS AND METHODS The animals were divided in control and diabetic (Streptozotocin induced) groups and euthanized after short and long-term diabetes induction. RESULTS Short-term induction led to vacuolization of parotid acinar cells and increased laminin deposition in both animal ages. In young rats, no difference was observed between short or long-term diabetes regarding laminin deposition, but parotid acinar cells vacuolization was more discrete after long-term diabetes. A slight decrease of submandibular gland convoluted granular ducts was observed in young and elder diabetic animal ages. In diabetic aging rats was observed an increase of laminin content only in the parotid gland. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that some Diabetes Mellitus effects on salivary glands are not progressive over time, possibly due to the existence of adaptive mechanisms in response to chronic hyperglycemia. They also show that the duration of the disease was more relevant to the morphological effects than the age, although it is known that aging per se affects salivary gland morphology and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Mirim Monteiro
- Cell and Developmental Biology Department, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Lisiane Bernardi
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marcelo Lazzaron Lamers
- Cell and Developmental Biology Department, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Morphological Sciences, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Stoynev N, Dimova I, Rukova B, Hadjidekova S, Nikolova D, Toncheva D, Tankova T. Gene expression in peripheral blood of patients with hypertension and patients with type 2 diabetes. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2015; 15:702-9. [PMID: 23337395 DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0b013e32835dbcc8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the expression of atherosclerosis-associated genes in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty-seven patients (14 men, 13 women), mean age 43.26 ± 11.69 years, were included in the study, which was divided into three groups: group 1 - patients with newly diagnosed hypertension and normal glucose tolerance (n = 9), group 2 - normotensive individuals with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (n = 9), and control group - normotensive individuals with normal glucose tolerance (n = 9). Gene expression analysis was performed with Human Atherosclerosis RT2 Profiler PCR Array. RESULTS In patients with hypertension, we found eight genes with increased expression - FABP3, FAS, FN1, IL1R2, LPL, SERPINE1, TGFB1, and VCAM1. Decreased expression was observed for two genes - SELPLG and SERPINEB2. In patients with type 2 diabetes we found seven up-regulated genes - APOE, BAX, MMP1, NFKB1, PDGFB, SPP1, and TGFB2, whereas no specifically down-regulated genes were observed. Three genes - KLF2, PDGFRB, and PPARD were found to be expressed only in groups 1 and 2. CONCLUSION Hypertension is associated with increased expression of FABP3, FAS, FN1, IL1R2, LPL, SERPINE1, TGFB1, and VCAM1 and decreased expression of SELPLG and SERPINEB2. The up-regulation of FAS, FN1, SERPINE1, TGFB1, and VCAM1 might be associated with an increased cardiovascular risk. Type 2 diabetes is associated with increased expression of APOE, BAX, MMP1, NFKB1, PDGFB, SPP1, and TGFB2. KLF2 and PPARD might be part of protective mechanisms that limit target organ damage in both disease conditions. Expression of PDGFRB might play an important role in the pathogenesis of both hypertension and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay Stoynev
- aDepartment of Diabetology, Clinical Center of Endocrinology bDepartment of Medical Genetics cDepartment of Physiology, Medical University Sofia, Bulgaria
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Damasceno AA, Carvalho CP, Santos EMB, Botelho FV, Araújo FA, Deconte SR, Tomiosso TC, Balbi APC, Zanon RG, Taboga SR, Góes RM, Ribeiro DL. Effects of maternal diabetes on male offspring: high cell proliferation and increased activity of MMP-2 in the ventral prostate. Cell Tissue Res 2014; 358:257-69. [PMID: 24988912 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-014-1941-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a comprehensive view of the histological and functional status of the prostate of adult rat offspring of mothers subjected to gestational diabetes induced by alloxan. The ventral prostate of male adult offspring of diabetic (DP) or normal (CP) mothers was evaluated for collagen fibres, cell death, fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, cell proliferation, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), androgen receptors (AR), transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ-1), catalase and total antioxidant activity. The prostates of DP animals were lower in weight than those of the CP group. The DP group also exhibited hyperglycaemia and hypotestosteronemia, higher cell proliferation and AR expression, a reduction in α-actin (possibly interfering with the reproductive function of the prostate), and enhanced activity of MMP-2, although the absolute content of MMP-2 was lower in this group. These findings were associated with increased TGFβ-1 and decreased collagen distribution. The prostates of DP rats additionally exhibited reductions in catalase and total antioxidant activity. Thus, rats developing in a diabetic intrauterine environment have glycaemic and hormonal changes that impact on the structure and physiology of the prostate in adulthood. The increased AR expression possibly leads to elevated cell proliferation. Stromal remodelling was characterized by enhanced activity of MMP-2 and collagen degradation, even with increased TGFβ-1 activation. These changes associated with increased oxidative stress might interfere with tissue architecture and glandular homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Damasceno
- Histology Sector, Institute of Biomedical Sciences-ICBIM, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
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Talior-Volodarsky I, Connelly KA, Arora PD, Gullberg D, McCulloch CA. α11 integrin stimulates myofibroblast differentiation in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Cardiovasc Res 2012; 96:265-75. [PMID: 22869616 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvs259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Diabetic cardiomyopathy is characterized by the production of a disorganized fibrotic matrix in the absence of coronary atherosclerosis and hypertension. We examined whether adhesion of cardiac fibroblasts to glycated collagens mediates the differentiation of pro-fibrotic myofibroblasts, which may contribute to cardiac fibrosis. METHODS AND RESULTS By microarray, we found that methylglyoxal-treated collagen selectively enhanced α11 integrin expression in human cardiac fibroblasts, while levels of other collagen-binding integrins (α1, α2, and α10) were unchanged. Similar increases in α11 integrin mRNA and protein expression were observed in cardiac fibroblasts from streptozotocin (STZ)-treated Sprague-Dawley rats. In human cardiac fibroblasts plated on methyglyoxal-treated collagen and in cardiac fibroblasts from diabetic rats, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β2 but not TGF-β1 or TGF-β3 was increased compared with controls. Knock-down of α11 integrin and TGF-β receptors with small-interfering RNA blocked the increased expression of TGF-β2, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and α11 integrin that were induced in cells plated on methylglyoxal-treated collagen. Further, inhibition of Smad3 signalling blocked methylglyoxal-collagen up-regulation of α11 integrin and α-SMA expression. Rats with STZ-induced diabetes exhibited increased phosphorylation of Smad3 in cardiac tissues compared with control rats. CONCLUSION Interactions between α11 integrins and the Smad-dependent TGF-β2 signalling may contribute to the formation of pro-fibrotic myofibroblasts and the development of a fibrotic interstitium in diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilana Talior-Volodarsky
- Matrix Dynamics Group, University of Toronto, Room 244, Fitzgerald Building, 150 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3E2
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Short-term stromal alterations in the rat ventral prostate following alloxan-induced diabetes and the influence of insulin replacement. Micron 2011; 43:326-33. [PMID: 22014851 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2011.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2011] [Revised: 09/21/2011] [Accepted: 09/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The stromal microenvironment is pivotal to prostate physiology and malign transformation. Diabetes leads to testosterone withdrawal and affects the prostate stromal compartment and smooth muscle cells in a similar way to that observed after castration. However the response of these cells and their involvement in extracellular matrix remodeling is not satisfactorily understood. We investigated the changes caused in the short term (one week) by alloxan-induced diabetes in the stromal components of the rat ventral prostate (VP) with an emphasis on morphological alterations of stromal cells, their conversion to a myofibroblast phenotype and the remodeling of extracellular matrix and the influence of insulin therapy. Adult male Wistar rats were assigned into untreated diabetic (n=12), insulin-treated (n=8) diabetic and control (n=10) groups. Diabetes was induced by means of the injection of alloxan (40 mg/kg b.w.), while the control animals received saline solution only. Insulin (5 UI) was administered daily for one week after diabetes diagnosis. Testosterone and estrogen plasma levels were determined. VP was analyzed using transmission electron microscopy. The main stromal cells were identified by means of light microscopy, using immunocytochemistry for specific markers - vimentin for fibroblasts, α-actin for smooth muscle cells (smc) and vimentin/calponin for myofibroblasts, following the estimation of their relative frequency and absolute volume by means of stereology. After one week diabetes led to a marked decrease in testosterone levels and an atrophy of about 35% in the VP. The relative frequency of smc and collagen fibers increased in the VP of diabetic rats but their absolute weight remained unchanged. Experimental diabetes promptly altered smc morphology which assumed at the ultrastructural level a shrunken appearance with the approximation of cytoplasmic dense bodies and also exhibited a decreased immunoreactivity to calponin. The conversion of stromal cells to a myofibroblast phenotype did not occur in alloxan-induced diabetes, as evaluated by double immunoreaction to calponin and vimentin. Insulin treatment maintained testosterone levels and preserved at least partly the cell morphology and collagen fiber organization of the prostate stroma in short-term diabetes. The apparent collagen increase observed by means of microscopic analysis in the stromal prostate compartment in the short term after diabetes is mainly associated with gland atrophy and does not involve the formation of new collagen fibers, the generation of myofibroblast-like cells or the acquisition of a secretory phenotype by stromal cells.
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Abstract
Five different laminin (LM) alpha, four LM-beta, and three LM-gamma chains form the 15-16 currently known approximately 400-900 kDa heterodimeric LM-monomers, which self-assemble in the lamina lucida of the basement membrane (BM) to a network, connected with nidogens and perlecans with the underlying type IV collagen network. In labial salivary glands (LSG), the structurally organizing/polarizing BM separates the tubuloacinar epithelium from the connective tissue stroma but plays regulatory roles as well. Tissue distribution of LM-alpha, -beta, and -gamma chains is described, and application of the known combinatorial rules allows some conclusions also on the corresponding distribution of the LM-trimers. Currently, known integrin (Int) and non integrin (e.g., dystroglycans and Lutheran blood group antigens) LM-receptors are described. LMs are regulated at transcriptional, translational, and posttranslational levels, together with the regulation of alternative splicing, binding partners (assembly), secretion, and degradation. In LSGs, LM-alpha1, -alpha2, and -alpha4 are only found in the acinar (not ductal) BM, LM-alpha4 also in the periductal/ interstitial stroma. Pattern recognition disclosed irregular expression in the acinar BM, suggesting some dynamic and/or regulatory role. It seems that in a female-dominant autoimmune exocrinopathy, Sjögren's syndrome (SS), LM-alpha1 and -alpha2 are decreased, together with their Int alpha1beta1 and alpha2beta1 receptors. Because LM-111/211-to-Int-alpha1beta1/alpha2beta1 interactions play a crucial role in the transdifferentiation of the intercalated duct progenitors to secretory acinar cells, acinar remodeling is impaired in SS. Disturbed hemidesmosomal Int alpha6beta4/LM-332 interactions in SS may lead to acinar cell anoikis. Interestingly, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) prohormone and its intracrine androgenic dihydrotestosterone (DHT) end product upregulate at least Int alpha1beta1/alpha2beta1, whereas LM-alpha1 is upregulated by outside-in LM-111/211-to-Int-alpha1beta1/alpha2beta1 signaling. It seems that LM alterations precede the lymphocyte infiltration, suggesting that acinar BM-Int pathology, perhaps related to endo- and intracrine sex steroid metabolism, represents an early pathogenic phases in SS.
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Simões A, de Oliveira E, Campos L, Nicolau J. Ionic and histological studies of salivary glands in rats with diabetes and their glycemic state after laser irradiation. Photomed Laser Surg 2010; 27:877-83. [PMID: 19715430 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2008.2452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of laser irradiation (LI) on the glycemic state and the histological and ionic parameters of the parotid and submandibular glands in rats with diabetes. METHODS One hundred twenty female rats were divided into eight groups. Diabetes was induced by administration of streptozotocin and confirmed later according to results of glycemia testing. Twenty-nine days after the induction, the parotid and submandibular glands of the rats were irradiated with 5, 10, and 20 J/cm2 using a laser diode (660 nm/100 mW) (without diabetes: C5, C10, and C20; with diabetes: D5, D10, and D20, respectively). On the following day, the rats were euthanized, and blood glucose determined. Histological and ionic analyses were performed. RESULTS Rats with diabetes without irradiation (D0) showed lipid droplets accumulation in the parotid gland, but accumulation decreased after 5, 10, and 20 J/cm2 of laser irradiation. A decrease in fasting glycemia level from 358.97+/-56.70 to 278.33+/-87.98 mg/dL for D5 and from 409.50+/-124.41 to 231.80+/-120.18 mg/dL for D20 (p<0.05) was also observed. CONCLUSION LI should be explored as an auxiliary therapy for control of complications of diabetes because it can alter the carbohydrate and lipid metabolism of rats with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyne Simões
- Dental Materials Department, Oral Biology Research Center, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Arcolino FO, Ribeiro DL, Gobbo MG, Taboga SR, Góes RM. Proliferation and apoptotic rates and increased frequency of p63-positive cells in the prostate acinar epithelium of alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Int J Exp Pathol 2009; 91:144-54. [PMID: 20041964 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2613.2009.00696.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of experimental type 1 diabetes were investigated in the acinar epithelium of rat ventral prostate, focusing on the rates of cell proliferation and the frequency of apoptosis and p63-positive cells. Type 1 diabetes was induced in adult male Wistar rats by a single alloxan administration (42 mg/kg b.w.) and its effects were analysed for 1 week and 3 months after the establishment of the disease. A group of diabetic rats was treated daily with 5 IU of insulin during 1 week after diabetes had been diagnosed. Immunocytochemical methods for the localization of cell proliferation antigen (PCNA), androgen receptor (AR) and p63 protein were carried out, and apoptotic cells were identified by TUNEL essay. In diabetic rats, testosterone levels reduced drastically after 1 week and in a lower degree after 3 months. In short-term diabetic rats, cell proliferation decreased, and in medium-term, epithelial apoptotic rates increased. In both periods after the onset of diabetes, the frequency of p63-positive cells doubled. Insulin treatment was effective in preventing testosterone decrease, p63-positive cell increase and apoptotic rates, but did not interfere in cell proliferation. This investigation shows that, soon after diabetes onset, there are important modifications in cell proliferation within the acinar prostatic epithelium, and in longer term, there is a marked impact on kinetics of differentiation and cell death, which may initially be attributable to an androgenic fall, but is probably also because of other factors related to diabetes, as changes are considerably different from those resulting from castration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Oliveira Arcolino
- Department of Biology, Institute of Biosciences, Letters and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University-Unesp, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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Ribeiro DL, Taboga SR, Góes RM. Diabetes induces stromal remodelling and increase in chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans of the rat ventral prostate. Int J Exp Pathol 2009; 90:400-11. [PMID: 19659898 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2613.2009.00657.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling is an important process involved in prostate cancer progression. Alterations in ECM caused by diabetes in different tissues such as kidney is well described; however, it is poorly investigated in prostate. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in ECM of rat prostate showing gland atrophy caused by diabetes and their implications in development of malignant lesions. Diabetes was induced in Wistar rats using alloxan (45 mg/kg bw). After 90 days of diabetes onset, animals were killed and ventral prostate was removed and prepared for light microscopy following immunoreaction for fibronectin, chondroitin sulphate and Picrossirius staining for collagen fibres. Proteoglycans (PG) were identified at transmission electron microscopy after fixation with Cuprolinic Blue. Diabetes led to a thickening of 25% in the acinar basement membrane accompanied by increase and disorganization of its proteoglycans (P1). Three additional populations of prostatic stromal PGs were identified: collagen fibril linked (P2) and interstitial (P3) and (P4) PGs. Diabetes increased P3 and mainly P4 which had higher dimension and accumulated around the smooth muscle cells. In addition, an increase in chondrotin sulphate (33%, mainly in sites where P4 were noted) and collagen (44%) was noted in diabetic rats, whereas fibronectin did not change. Atrophic changes observed in rat ventral prostate after diabetes are accompanied by stromal remodelation related to increase in collagen and chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans. Thus, diabetes can promote a stromal microenvironment rich in elements that could favour cell migration, proliferation and pathological process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Lisboa Ribeiro
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas-Unicamp, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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