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Zaini HM, Saallah S, Roslan J, Sulaiman NS, Munsu E, Wahab NA, Pindi W. Banana biomass waste: A prospective nanocellulose source and its potential application in food industry - A review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18734. [PMID: 37554779 PMCID: PMC10404743 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Bananas are among the most produced and consumed fruit all over the world. However, a vast amount of banana biomass is generated because banana trees bear fruit only once in their lifetime. This massive amount of biomass waste is either disposed of in agricultural fields, combusted, or dumped at plantations, thus posing environmental concerns. Nanocellulose (NC) extraction from this source can be one approach to improve the value of banana biomass. Owing to its superb properties, such as high surface area and aspect ratio, good tensile strength, and high thermal stability, this has facilitated nanocellulose application in the food industry either as a functional ingredient, an additive or in food packaging. In this review, two different applications of banana biomass NC were identified: (i) food packaging and (ii) food stabilizers. Relevant publications were reviewed, focusing on the nanocellulose extraction from several banana biomass applications as food additives, as well as on the safety and regulatory aspects. Ultimately, further research is required to prompt a perspicuous conclusion about banana biomass NC safety, its potential hazards in food applications, as well as its validated standards for future commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Mohd Zaini
- Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Suryani Saallah
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Jumardi Roslan
- Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | | | - Elisha Munsu
- Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Noorakmar A. Wahab
- Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Wolyna Pindi
- Functional Foods Research Group, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
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Pradhan D, Jaiswal AK, Jaiswal S. Nanocellulose Based Green Nanocomposites: Characteristics and Application in Primary Food Packaging. Food Reviews International 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2143797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dileswar Pradhan
- School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Faculty of Sciences and Health, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Environmental Sustainability and Health Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Amit K. Jaiswal
- School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Faculty of Sciences and Health, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Environmental Sustainability and Health Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Swarna Jaiswal
- School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Faculty of Sciences and Health, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Environmental Sustainability and Health Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Neenu KV, Midhun Dominic CD, Begum PMS, Parameswaranpillai J, Kanoth BP, David DA, Sajadi SM, Dhanyasree P, Ajithkumar TG, Badawi M. Effect of oxalic acid and sulphuric acid hydrolysis on the preparation and properties of pineapple pomace derived cellulose nanofibers and nanopapers. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 209:1745-1759. [PMID: 35469954 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanocellulose is the "green magnet" which attracts a wide spectrum of industries towards it due to its availability, biodegradability, and possible smart applications. For the first time, pineapple pomace was being explored as an economic precursor for cellulose nanofibers. Nanofiber isolation was accomplished using a chemo-mechanical method and solution casting was adopted for the development of nanopapers. Moreover, the study examines the structural, optical, crystalline, dimensional, and thermal features of nanofibers isolated using different acid hydrolysis (oxalic acid and sulphuric acid) methods. Fourier-transform infra-red spectroscopy, 13C solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis indicated the presence of type I cellulose. The transmittance, crystallinity index, and thermal stability of PPNFS (sulphuric acid treated fiber) were greater than PPNFO (oxalic acid treated fiber). The transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering analysis confirmed the nanodimension of PPNFO and PPNFS. While comparing the optical and mechanical properties of nanopapers, PPNFS outperforms PPNFO. The tensile strength of the prepared nanopapers (64 MPa (PPNFO) and 68 MPa (PPNFS)) was found to be high compared to similar works reported in the literature. The prepared nanopaper is proposed to be used for food packaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- K V Neenu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology (CUSAT), Kerala Pin 682022, India
| | - C D Midhun Dominic
- Department of Chemistry, Sacred Heart College (Autonomous), Kochi, Kerala Pin-682013, India.
| | - P M Sabura Begum
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology (CUSAT), Kerala Pin 682022, India,.
| | - Jyotishkumar Parameswaranpillai
- Department of Science, Faculty of Science & Technology, Alliance University, Chandapura-Anekal Main Road, Bengaluru 562106, Karnataka, India
| | - Bipinbal Parambath Kanoth
- Department of Polymer Science and Rubber Technology, Cochin University of Science and Technology (CUSAT), Kerala Pin-682022, India
| | - Deepthi Anna David
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology (CUSAT), Kerala Pin 682022, India
| | - S Mohammad Sajadi
- Department of Nutrition, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq; Department of Phytochemistry, SRC, Soran University, KRG, Iraq
| | - P Dhanyasree
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology (CUSAT), Kerala Pin 682022, India
| | - T G Ajithkumar
- Central NMR Facility and Physical/Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune Pin-411008, India
| | - Michael Badawi
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie Théoriques UMR CNRS 7019, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
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Picot-Allain MCN, Emmambux MN. Isolation, Characterization, and Application of Nanocellulose from Agro-industrial By-products: A Review. Food Reviews International 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.1928689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Ahmad Khorairi ANS, Sofian-Seng NS, Othaman R, Abdul Rahman H, Mohd Razali NS, Lim SJ, Wan Mustapha WA. A Review on Agro-industrial Waste as Cellulose and Nanocellulose Source and Their Potentials in Food Applications. Food Reviews International 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.1926478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Noor-Soffalina Sofian-Seng
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Innovation Centre for Confectionery Technology (MANIS), Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rizafizah Othaman
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hafeedza Abdul Rahman
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Innovation Centre for Confectionery Technology (MANIS), Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Noorul Syuhada Mohd Razali
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Innovation Centre for Confectionery Technology (MANIS), Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Seng Joe Lim
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Innovation Centre for Confectionery Technology (MANIS), Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wan Aida Wan Mustapha
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Innovation Centre for Confectionery Technology (MANIS), Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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Scurria A, Albanese L, Pagliaro M, Zabini F, Giordano F, Meneguzzo F, Ciriminna R. CytroCell: Valued Cellulose from Citrus Processing Waste. Molecules 2021; 26:596. [PMID: 33498706 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolating cellulose from citrus processing waste without employing chemicals has so far been an unfulfilled goal of chemical research applied to the valorization of a widely available biowaste, annually totaling >100 million tonnes. We have applied hydrodynamic cavitation using a Venturi-type reactor for the extraction of all valued bioproducts of industrial citrus processing waste in water only, directly on a semi-industrial scale. After reporting the discovery of IntegroPectin in the soluble fraction of the aqueous extract, we now report the isolation of a cellulosic material in the water-insoluble fraction of cavitated lemon and grapefruit processing waste. Named “CytroCell”, the material is cellulose of low crystallinity, high porosity, good water holding capacity and good dispersibility in water. These properties open the route to mass-scale production of a useful functional material from a cheap and abundant biowaste.
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Sánchez-gutiérrez M, Espinosa E, Bascón-villegas I, Pérez-rodríguez F, Carrasco E, Rodríguez A. Production of Cellulose Nanofibers from Olive Tree Harvest—A Residue with Wide Applications. Agronomy 2020; 10:696. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy10050696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
With the aim of identifying new sources to produce cellulose nanofibers, olive tree pruning biomass (OTPB) was proposed for valorization as a sustainable source of cellulose. OTPB was subjected to a soda pulping process for cellulose purification and to facilitate the delamination of the fiber in the nanofibrillation process. Unbleached and bleached pulp were used to study the effect of lignin in the production of cellulose nanofibers through different pretreatments (mechanical and TEMPO-mediated oxidation). High-pressure homogenization was used as the nanofibrillation treatment. It was observed that for mechanical pretreatment, the presence of lignin in the fiber produces a greater fibrillation, resulting in a smaller width than that achieved with bleached fiber. In the case of TEMPO-mediated oxidation, the cellulose nanofiber characteristics show that the presence of lignin has an adverse effect on fiber oxidation, resulting in lower nanofibrillation. It was observed that the crystallinity of the nanofibers is lower than that of the original fiber, especially for unbleached nanofibers. The residual lignin content resulted in a greater thermal stability of the cellulose nanofibers, especially for those obtained by TEMPO-mediated oxidation. The characteristics of the cellulose nanofibers obtained in this work identify a gateway to many possibilities for reinforcement agents in paper suspension and polymeric matrices.
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Amoroso L, Muratore G, Ortenzi MA, Gazzotti S, Limbo S, Piergiovanni L. Fast Production of Cellulose Nanocrystals by Hydrolytic-Oxidative Microwave-Assisted Treatment. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12010068. [PMID: 31906478 PMCID: PMC7023600 DOI: 10.3390/polym12010068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In contrast to conventional approaches, which are considered to be energy- and time-intensive, expensive, and not green, herein, we report an alternative microwave-assisted ammonium persulfate (APS) method for cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) production, under pressurized conditions in a closed reaction system. The aim was to optimize the hydrolytic-oxidative patented procedure (US 8,900,706), replacing the conventional heating with a faster process that would allow the industrial scale production of the nanomaterial and make it more appealing to a green economy. A microwave-assisted process was performed according to different time–temperature programs, varying the ramp (from 5 to 40 min) and the hold heating time (from 60 to 90 min), at a fixed reagent concentration and weight ratio of the raw material/APS solution. Differences in composition, structure, and morphology of the nanocrystals, arising from traditional and microwave methods, were studied by several techniques (TEM, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)-attenuated total reflectance (ATR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), electrophoretic light scattering (ELS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD)), and the extraction yields were calculated. Fine tuning the microwave treatment variables, it was possible to realize a simple, cost-effective way for faster materials’ preparation, which allowed achieving high-quality CNCs, with a defined hydrodynamic diameter (150 nm) and zeta potential (−0.040 V), comparable to those obtained using conventional heating, in only 90 min instead of 16 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Amoroso
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environment (Di3A), Università degli Studi di Catania, Via Santa Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy; (L.A.); (G.M.)
| | - Giuseppe Muratore
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environment (Di3A), Università degli Studi di Catania, Via Santa Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy; (L.A.); (G.M.)
| | - Marco Aldo Ortenzi
- CRC Laboratorio di Materiali e Polimeri (LaMPo), Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy; (M.A.O.); (S.G.)
| | - Stefano Gazzotti
- CRC Laboratorio di Materiali e Polimeri (LaMPo), Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy; (M.A.O.); (S.G.)
| | - Sara Limbo
- DeFENS, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences—PackLAB Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Luciano Piergiovanni
- DeFENS, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences—PackLAB Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-50316638
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