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Dominguez LJ, Veronese N, Marrone E, Di Palermo C, Iommi C, Ruggirello R, Caffarelli C, Gonnelli S, Barbagallo M. Vitamin D and Risk of Incident Type 2 Diabetes in Older Adults: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2024; 16:1561. [PMID: 38892495 PMCID: PMC11173817 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is very common worldwide, particularly in old age, when people are at the highest risk of the negative adverse consequences of hypovitaminosis D. Additionally to the recognized functions in the regulation of calcium absorption, bone remodeling, and bone growth, vitamin D plays a key role as a hormone, which is supported by various enzymatic, physiological, metabolic, and pathophysiological processes related to various human organs and systems. Accruing evidence supports that vitamin D plays a key role in pancreatic islet dysfunction and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes. From an epidemiological viewpoint, numerous studies suggest that the growing incidence of type 2 diabetes in humans may be linked to the global trend of prevalent vitamin D insufficiency. In the past, this association has raised discussions due to the equivocal results, which lately have been more convincing of the true role of vitamin D supplementation in the prevention of incident type 2 diabetes. Most meta-analyses evaluating this role have been conducted in adults or young older persons (50-60 years old), with only one focusing on older populations, even if this is the population at greater risk of both hypovitaminosis D and type 2 diabetes. Therefore, we conducted an update of the previous systematic review and meta-analysis examining whether hypovitaminosis D (low serum 25OHD levels) can predict incident diabetes in prospective longitudinal studies among older adults. We found that low 25OHD was associated with incident diabetes in older adults even after adjusting for several relevant potential confounders, confirming and updating the results of the only previous meta-analysis conducted in 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligia J. Dominguez
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, “Kore” University of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy
| | - Nicola Veronese
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (E.M.); (C.D.P.); (C.I.); (R.R.); (M.B.)
| | - Eliana Marrone
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (E.M.); (C.D.P.); (C.I.); (R.R.); (M.B.)
| | - Carla Di Palermo
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (E.M.); (C.D.P.); (C.I.); (R.R.); (M.B.)
| | - Candela Iommi
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (E.M.); (C.D.P.); (C.I.); (R.R.); (M.B.)
| | - Rosaria Ruggirello
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (E.M.); (C.D.P.); (C.I.); (R.R.); (M.B.)
| | - Carla Caffarelli
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.C.); (S.G.)
| | - Stefano Gonnelli
- Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (C.C.); (S.G.)
| | - Mario Barbagallo
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (N.V.); (E.M.); (C.D.P.); (C.I.); (R.R.); (M.B.)
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Lu W, Chen Y, Ramírez MDA, Liu Y, Zhang H, Yuan Z, Han Y, Weng Q. Vitamin D status alters genes involved in ovarian steroidogenesis in muskrat granulosa cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024; 1869:159469. [PMID: 38402945 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2024.159469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to explore the relationship between altered vitamin D (VitD3) status and ovarian steroidogenesis in muskrats during the breeding and non-breeding seasons. During the breeding season, the ovaries of muskrats were observably enlarged and increased in weight, accompanied by elevated serum and ovarian VitD3 status. Vitamin D receptor (VDR), VitD3 metabolic molecules (CYP2R1, CYP27B1, and CYP24A1), and steroidogenic enzymes were immunolocalized in the ovarian cells of muskrats. The mRNA levels of VDR, CYP2R1, CYP27B1, and steroidogenic enzymes were considerably higher during the breeding season compared to the non-breeding season. RNA-seq analysis revealed a prominent enrichment of vitamin-related and ovarian steroidogenesis pathways. Furthermore, the addition of 1,25(OH)2D3 to the muskrat granulosa cells in vitro increased VDR and steroidogenic enzymes mRNA levels and enhanced the 17β-estradiol level. Overall, these findings supported that VitD3 promotes the secretion of steroid hormones, thereby affecting seasonal changes in ovarian function in the muskrats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Lu
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | | | - Yuning Liu
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Haolin Zhang
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhengrong Yuan
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yingying Han
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Qiang Weng
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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