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Sahlol NY, Mohamed NMK, El-Baghdady KZ, El-Kholy IMA, Fahmy GM, Sahbal MA, Mowafy HL. Molecular Identification of OXA Carbapenemase-Encoding Genes in Acinetobacter baumannii Isolated from Patients in Critical Care in Egypt. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 2025; 26:158-163. [PMID: 39602244 DOI: 10.1089/sur.2024.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The emergence of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) in hospitals, particularly within critical care units, has garnered substantial global concern. CRAB commonly arises from the degradation by various ß-lactamases. Objective: We aimed to assess OXA-type carbapenemases in clinical isolates of A. baumannii obtained from an Egyptian tertiary care facility. Patients and Methods: This study examined 25 distinct A. baumannii strains collected from various clinical samples of patients in intensive care unit. Bacterial identification was conducted utilizing both traditional methods and the Vitek2 system. Antibiotic resistance profiles were assessed according to the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing standards using the Vitek2 Compact automated system. Additionally, multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to identify the presence of blaOXA23, blaOXA24, blaOXA51, and blaOXA58 carbapenemase genes. Colistin susceptibility was assessed utilizing the broth microdilution method. Results: Carbapenem resistance was identified in 100% of the studied isolates. The blaOXA51 gene was detected in all A. baumannii strains. The gene blaOXA23 was identified in 22 strains (88%), whereas blaOXA24 and blaOXA58 were present in 15 strains (60%). All isolates, except one, co-harbored two or more OXA encoding genes. Colistin resistance was detected in 4 of 25 strains (16%). Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate the widespread distribution of CRAB isolates that co-harbor multiple carbapenemase-encoding genes. Molecular epidemiological studies and the surveillance of antibiotic resistance profiles may aid in identifying and tracing the origins of resistant bacteria, thereby limiting their spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahla Y Sahlol
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nermin M K Mohamed
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Iman M A El-Kholy
- Microbiology Department, Ain Shams Specialized Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gihan M Fahmy
- Microbiology Department, Ain Shams Specialized Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mai A Sahbal
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hagar L Mowafy
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from Egypt. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2019; 8:185. [PMID: 31832185 PMCID: PMC6868752 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-019-0611-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Antibiotic use is largely under-regulated in Egypt leading to the emergence of resistant isolates. Carbapenems are last resort agents to treat Acinetobacter baumannii infections resistant to other classes of antibiotics. However, carbapenem-resistant isolates are emerging at an alarming rate. This study aimed at phenotypically and molecularly characterizing seventy four carbapenem-unsusceptible A. baumannii isolates from Egypt to detect the different enzymes responsible for carbapenem resistance. Methods Carbapenemase production was assessed by a number of phenotypic methods: modified Hodge test (MHT), carbapenem inactivation method (CIM), combined disc test (CDT), CarbAcineto NP test and boronic acid disc test. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to screen the isolates for the presence of some genes responsible for resistance to carbapenems, as well as some insertion sequences. Results PCR amplification of class D carbapenemases revealed the prevalence of blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23 in 100% of the isolates and of blaOXA-58 in only one isolate (1.4%). blaVIM and blaNDM-1 belonging to class B metallo-β-lactamases were present in 100 and 12.1% of the isolates, respectively. The prevalence of ISAba1, ISAba2 and ISAba3 was 100, 2.7 and 4.1%, respectively. None of the tested isolates carried blaOXA-40, blaIMP, blaSIM, blaSPM, blaGIM or the class A blaKPC. Taking PCR as the gold standard method for the detection of different carbapenemases, the sensitivities of the MHT, CIM, CDT, CarbAcineto NP test and boronic acid disc/imipenem or meropenem test for this particular collection of isolates were 78.4, 68.9, 79.7, 95.9, and 56.8% or 70.3%, respectively. Conclusions The widespread detection of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CR-AB) has become a real threat to the efficacy of treatment regimens. Among the studied cohort of CR-AB clinical isolates, blaOXA-51, blaOXA-23 and blaVIM were the most prevalent, followed by blaNDM-1 and blaOXA-58. The genotypic detection of carbapenemases among CR-AB clinical isolates using PCR was most conclusive, followed closely by the phenotypic testing using CarbAcineto NP test.
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El Hafa H, Nayme K, El Hamzaoui N, Maroui I, Sbiti M, Zerouali K, Timinouni M, Belhaj A. Dissemination of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains carrying the bla GES, bla NDM and bla OXA23 in Morocco. Germs 2019; 9:133-141. [PMID: 31646143 DOI: 10.18683/germs.2019.1168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Background Acinetobacter baumannii is a microorganism which has been classified by the World Health Organization in the list of the bacterial strains that pose the biggest danger to human health. This study was performed to determine the susceptibility profile to carbapenems and to detect carbapenemases production in 111 A. baumannii isolates. Among these 30 are environmental isolates and 81 are from the three major hospitals in Morocco. Methods All strains of A. baumannii were tested against diverse antimicrobial agents (13 antibiotic drugs) by the agar diffusion test. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of imipenem on carbapenem-resistant strains (CRAB) was determined by the E-test technique. Simple phenotypic tests were used to detect carbapenemases and metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) production including the modified Hodge test, EDTA test, and the cloxacillin test. The presence of carbapenemases-encoding resistance genes of CRAB strains was examined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results Carbapenem resistance was observed in 23 clinical Acinetobacter isolates showing dissemination of the multiresistance profile. Molecular biology techniques indicated that all these strains encoded the naturally occurring bla OXA-51-like gene and were proved as A. baumannii. The bla OXA-23 gene was detected in 16 strains (69.6%). The metallo-β-lactamase bla NDM gene was detected in five isolates (21.7%). GES-type carbapenemases were found in 15 strains, the existence of three classes of carbapenemases (bla GES, bla NDM, and bla OXA-23) was detected in three strains, while none of the CRAB isolates contained the bla OXA-58, bla OXA-24, bla VIM, bla OXA-48 or bla KPC encoding genes. Conclusions This study established baseline proof of three classes of carbapenemases producing A. baumannii in Morocco, showing the important role of surveillance in controlling their spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanane El Hafa
- MD, Team of Ecology and Biodiversity of Wetlands, Department of Biology, Moulay Ismail University Faculty of Sciences, BP 11201 Zitoune Meknes, Morocco
| | - Kawtar Nayme
- PhD, Molecular Bacteriology Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Morocco, 1, Place Louis Pasteur, 20360 Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Najia El Hamzaoui
- PhD, Medical Biology Laboratory of Regional Hospital Mohammed V, Mohamed Zerktouni Street, BP 50000 Meknes, Morocco
| | - Itto Maroui
- PhD, Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Mohammed V University of Rabat, BP 6212 Madinat Al Irfane, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Sbiti
- Dr, Microbiology Department, Moulay Ismail Military Hospital, El Hansali Street, 50000 Meknes, Morocco
| | - Khalid Zerouali
- PhD, Microbiology Laboratory, University Hospital Center, Ibn Rochd, 1 Street Hospital, 20360 Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Timinouni
- PhD, Molecular Bacteriology Laboratory, Pasteur Institute of Morocco, 1, Place Louis Pasteur, 20360 Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Abdelhaq Belhaj
- PhD, Team of Ecology and Biodiversity of Wetlands, Department of Biology, Moulay Ismail University Faculty of Sciences, BP 11201 Zitoune Meknes, Morocco
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Dandachi I, Chaddad A, Hanna J, Matta J, Daoud Z. Understanding the Epidemiology of Multi-Drug Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli in the Middle East Using a One Health Approach. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1941. [PMID: 31507558 PMCID: PMC6716069 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, extended-spectrum cephalosporin and carbapenem resistant Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) have been extensively reported in the literature as being disseminated in humans but also in animals and the environment. These resistant organisms often cause treatment challenges due to their wide spectrum of antibiotic resistance. With the emergence of colistin resistance in animals and its subsequent detection in humans, the situation has worsened. Several studies reported the transmission of resistant organisms from animals to humans. Studies from the middle east highlight the spread of resistant organisms in hospitals and to a lesser extent in livestock and the environment. In view of the recent socio-economical conflicts that these countries are facing in addition to the constant population mobilization; we attempt in this review to highlight the gaps of the prevalence of resistance, antibiotic consumption reports, infection control measures and other risk factors contributing in particular to the spread of resistance in these countries. In hospitals, carbapenemases producers appear to be dominant. In contrast, extended spectrum beta lactamases (ESBL) and colistin resistance are becoming a serious problem in animals. This is mainly due to the continuous use of colistin in veterinary medicine even though it is now abandoned in the human sphere. In the environment, despite the small number of reports, ESBL and carbapenemases producers were both detected. This highlights the importance of the latter as a bridge between humans and animals in the transmission chain. In this review, we note that in the majority of the Middle Eastern area, little is known about the level of antibiotic consumption especially in the community and animal farms. Furthermore, some countries are currently facing issues with immigrants, poverty and poor living conditions which has been imposed by the civil war crisis. This all greatly facilitates the dissemination of resistance in all environments. In the one health concept, this work re-emphasizes the need to have global intervention measures to avoid dissemination of antibiotic resistance in humans, animals and the environment in Middle Eastern countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Dandachi
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, University of Balamand, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Amer Chaddad
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, University of Balamand, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jason Hanna
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, University of Balamand, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jessika Matta
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, University of Balamand, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ziad Daoud
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, University of Balamand, Beirut, Lebanon
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Saint George Hospital University Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
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Bialvaei AZ, Kouhsari E, Salehi-Abargouei A, Amirmozafari N, Ramazanzadeh R, Ghadimi-Daresajini A, Sedighi M. Epidemiology of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Chemother 2017. [PMID: 28622734 DOI: 10.1080/1120009x.2017.1338377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is an important opportunistic pathogen that causes major public health concern especially in hospitalized patients due to the acquisition of multidrug resistance (MDR). The aim of this study was to systematically review published data about the prevalence rate of MDR-A. baumannii (MDR-AB) from different parts of Iran and provide an overall relative frequency (RF) using meta-analysis. All available national and international databanks were searched to find published studies up to June 2016. Quality of studies was assessed by STROB and PRISMA forms. Because of the significant heterogeneity observed, random effects model was used to combine the results. STATA SE version 11.2 was used for statistical analysis. Out of the 9646 results, 37 suitable articles were extracted according to inclusion and exlusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of MDR-AB was estimated 72% annually. Relative frequency of MDR-AB in different studies varied from 22.8 to 100%. Since the prevalence of MDR-AB is higher than many other countries, measures should be taken to keep the emergence and transmission of these strains to a minimum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abed Zahedi Bialvaei
- a Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine , Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Ebrahim Kouhsari
- a Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine , Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Amin Salehi-Abargouei
- b Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences , Yazd , Islamic Republic of Iran.,c Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health , Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences , Yazd , Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Nour Amirmozafari
- a Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine , Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Rashid Ramazanzadeh
- d Cellular & Molecular Research Center , Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences , Sanandaj , Islamic Republic of Iran.,e Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine , Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences , Sanandaj , Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Ali Ghadimi-Daresajini
- f Department of Medical Biotechnology , School of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science , Tehran , Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mansour Sedighi
- a Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine , Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Islamic Republic of Iran
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Ramoul A, Loucif L, Bakour S, Amiri S, Dekhil M, Rolain JM. Co-occurrence of blaNDM-1 with blaOXA-23 or blaOXA-58 in clinical multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates in Algeria. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2016; 6:136-141. [PMID: 27530856 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterise the mechanisms of carbapenem resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated in an Algerian hospital. A total of 43 imipenem-resistant A. baumannii clinical isolates collected between 2010 and 2013 were identified using API 20NE and were confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS). Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by the disk diffusion and Etest methods. Carbapenemase activity was detected using microbiological tests and PCR. Genetic transfer of the blaNDM-1 gene was performed by conjugation using sodium azide-resistant Escherichia coli J53 as recipient strain. Clonal relationships were studied by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) using partial sequences of the csuE and blaOXA-51 genes. All 43 A. baumannii isolates were resistant to imipenem with high minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) (>32μg/mL). The strains harboured blaOXA-23, blaNDM-1, blaOXA-58 and/or blaOXA-24 genes. Co-existence of blaNDM-1 and blaOXA-23 or blaOXA-58 was detected in two isolates and one isolate, respectively. NDM-1 plasmid transfer to E. coli J53 was successful only for one of the three strains harbouring both blaNDM-1 and blaOXA-23 or blaOXA-58. The phylogenetic tree obtained from concatenation of the partial sequences of csuE and blaOXA-51 showed that there was no genetic relationship between the isolates and the blaNDM-1 resistance gene. Here we report for the first time the co-occurrence of blaNDM-1 along with blaOXA-23 or blaOXA-58 in recent clinical isolates of A. baumannii from Northeast Algeria. These findings re-emphasise the dissemination and rapid spread of blaNDM-1 carbapenemase genes in multidrug-resistant clinical A. baumannii isolates in Algeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abir Ramoul
- Unité de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses et tropicales émergentes (URMITE), UM 63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Département de biochimie, Université Badji Mokhtar, Annaba 23000, Algeria; Laboratoire central de microbiologie, CHU Dr Dorban, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Lotfi Loucif
- Unité de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses et tropicales émergentes (URMITE), UM 63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Laboratoire de biotechnologie des molécules bioactives et de la physiopathologie cellulaire (LBMBPC), Faculté des sciences de la nature et de la vie, Université de Batna 2, Batna, Algeria
| | - Sofiane Bakour
- Unité de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses et tropicales émergentes (URMITE), UM 63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Sabrina Amiri
- Laboratoire central de microbiologie, CHU Dr Dorban, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Mazouz Dekhil
- Laboratoire central de microbiologie, CHU Dr Dorban, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Jean-Marc Rolain
- Unité de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses et tropicales émergentes (URMITE), UM 63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, INSERM 1095, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.
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Ahmed SS, Alp E, Ulu-Kilic A, Dinc G, Aktas Z, Ada B, Bagirova F, Baran I, Ersoy Y, Esen S, Guven TG, Hopman J, Hosoglu S, Koksal F, Parlak E, Yalcin AN, Yilmaz G, Voss A, Melchers W. Spread of carbapenem-resistant international clones of Acinetobacter baumannii in Turkey and Azerbaijan: a collaborative study. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2016; 35:1463-8. [PMID: 27259712 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-016-2685-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Epidemic clones of Acinetobacter baumannii, described as European clones I, II, and III, are associated with hospital epidemics throughout the world. We aimed to determine the molecular characteristics and genetic diversity between European clones I, II, and III from Turkey and Azerbaijan. In this study, a total of 112 bloodstream isolates of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. were collected from 11 hospitals across Turkey and Azerbaijan. The identification of Acinetobacter spp. using conventional and sensitivity tests was performed by standard criteria. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect OXA carbapenemase-encoding genes (bla OXA-23-like, bla OXA-24-like, bla OXA-51-like, and bla OXA-58-like). Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) typing was used to investigate genetic diversity. The bla OXA-51-like gene was present in all 112 isolates, 75 (67 %) carried bla OXA-23-like, 7 (6.2 %) carried bla OXA-58-like genes, and 5 (4.5 %) carried bla OXA-24-like genes. With a 90 % similarity cut-off value, 15 clones and eight unique isolates were identified. The largest clone was cluster D, with six subtypes. Isolates from clusters D and I were widely spread in seven different geographical regions throughout Turkey. However, F cluster was found in the northern and eastern regions of Turkey. EU clone I was grouped within J cluster with three isolates found in Antalya, Istanbul, and Erzurum. EU clone II was grouped in the U cluster with 15 isolates and found in Kayseri and Diyarbakır. The bla OXA-24-like gene in carbapenemases was identified rarely in Turkey and has been reported for the first time from Azerbaijan. Furthermore, this is the first multicenter study in Turkey and Azerbaijan to identify several major clusters belonging to European clones I and II of A. baumannii.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Ahmed
- Faculty of Infectious Diseases, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
- Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - E Alp
- Faculty of Infectious Diseases, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - A Ulu-Kilic
- Faculty of Infectious Diseases, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - G Dinc
- Faculty of Infectious Diseases, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- Dep. of Medical Microbiology, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Z Aktas
- Dep. of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - B Ada
- Dep. Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Ege Univerisity, Izmir, Turkey
| | - F Bagirova
- Dep. of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Azerbaijan Medical University, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - I Baran
- Dep. of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara teaching hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Y Ersoy
- Dep. of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - S Esen
- Dep. of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - T G Guven
- Dep. of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Cokurva University, Adana, Turkey
| | - J Hopman
- Dep. of Medical Microbiology, Radboud UMC, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - S Hosoglu
- Dep. of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Trabzon Teaching hospital, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - F Koksal
- Dep. of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Cokurva University, Adana, Turkey
| | - E Parlak
- Dep. of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - A N Yalcin
- Dep. of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - G Yilmaz
- Dep. of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - A Voss
- Dep. of Medical Microbiology, Radboud UMC, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - W Melchers
- Dep. of Medical Microbiology, Radboud UMC, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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Mohajeri P, Farahani A, Feizabadi MM, Norozi B. Clonal evolution multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Indian J Med Microbiol 2016; 33:87-91. [PMID: 25560008 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.148390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acinetobacter baumannii is usually multi-drug resistant (MDR), including third generation cephalosporins, amino glycosides and fluoroquinolone. Resistance to these antibiotics is mediated by multiple factors such as: lactamases, efflux pumps and other mechanisms of resistance. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was then used to investigate the genetic relationships among the MDR isolates. AIM The aim of this study was to determine MDR isolates and the existence of OXAs genes among MDR isolates of A. baumannii collected from Kermanshah hospitals in west of Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-two MDR A. baumannii were collected from patients at Kermanshah hospitals. The isolates were identified by biochemical tests and API 20NE kit. The susceptibility to different antibiotics by disk diffusion method was determined. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed for detection of blaOXA-23-like , blaOXA-24-like , blaOXA-51-like and blaOXA-58-like betalactamase genes in isolates and clonal relatedness was done by PFGE (with the restriction enzyme ApaI) and patterns analyzed by Bionumeric software. RESULTS This study showed high resistant to ciprofloxacin, piperacillin, ceftazidime and also resistant to other anti-microbial agents and more spread blaOXA-23-like gene (93%) in MDR isolate. The PFGE method obtained six clones: A (10), B (9), C (5), D (4), E (11) and F (3) that clone E was outbreak and dominant in different wards of hospitals studied. CONCLUSION An isolate from the emergency ward of these hospitals had indistinguishable isolates PFGE profile and similar resistance profile to isolates from intensive care unit (ICU), suggesting likely transmission from ICU to emergency via patient or hospital staff contact.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A Farahani
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine; Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Ou HY, Kuang SN, He X, Molgora BM, Ewing PJ, Deng Z, Osby M, Chen W, Xu HH. Complete genome sequence of hypervirulent and outbreak-associated Acinetobacter baumannii strain LAC-4: epidemiology, resistance genetic determinants and potential virulence factors. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8643. [PMID: 25728466 PMCID: PMC4345345 DOI: 10.1038/srep08643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is an important human pathogen due to its multi-drug resistance. In this study, the genome of an ST10 outbreak A. baumannii isolate LAC-4 was completely sequenced to better understand its epidemiology, antibiotic resistance genetic determinants and potential virulence factors. Compared with 20 other complete genomes of A. baumannii, LAC-4 genome harbors at least 12 copies of five distinct insertion sequences. It contains 12 and 14 copies of two novel IS elements, ISAba25 and ISAba26, respectively. Additionally, three novel composite transposons were identified: Tn6250, Tn6251 and Tn6252, two of which contain resistance genes. The antibiotic resistance genetic determinants on the LAC-4 genome correlate well with observed antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. Moreover, twelve genomic islands (GI) were identified in LAC-4 genome. Among them, the 33.4-kb GI12 contains a large number of genes which constitute the K (capsule) locus. LAC-4 harbors several unique putative virulence factor loci. Furthermore, LAC-4 and all 19 other outbreak isolates were found to harbor a heme oxygenase gene (hemO)-containing gene cluster. The sequencing of the first complete genome of an ST10 A. baumannii clinical strain should accelerate our understanding of the epidemiology, mechanisms of resistance and virulence of A. baumannii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yu Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences &Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan N Kuang
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Xinyi He
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences &Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Brenda M Molgora
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Peter J Ewing
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Zixin Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences &Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Melanie Osby
- Department of Pathology, LAC+USC Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Wangxue Chen
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada
| | - H Howard Xu
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Rafei R, Kempf M, Eveillard M, Dabboussi F, Hamze M, Joly-Guillou ML. Current molecular methods in epidemiological typing of Acinetobacter baumannii. Future Microbiol 2014; 9:1179-94. [DOI: 10.2217/fmb.14.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT The emergence of Acinetobacter baumannii during recent decades as an important nosocomial pathogen responsible of worldwide, intensively documented, outbreaks has resulted in a need for effective epidemiological typing methods. Throughout the years, many typing methods for A. baumannii epidemiological studies have been proposed from phenotypic to molecular methods. Currently, the use of phenotypic typing methods have declined considerably and been progressively replaced by molecular methods. In this review, we introduce the current molecular methods available for A. baumannii typing. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages, and the selection of an appropriate genotyping method depends on studied objectives. This review sheds light on questions in different epidemiological settings and most molecular methods used to fit these objectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayane Rafei
- L'UNAM Université, Université d'Angers, Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène, UPRES EA3142, Institut de Biologie en Santé – IRIS, CHU, 4, rue Larrey, 49933 Angers cedex, France
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Centre AZM pour la recherche en Biotechnologie et ses applications, Université Libanaise, Tripoli, Liban
| | - Marie Kempf
- L'UNAM Université, Université d'Angers, Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène, UPRES EA3142, Institut de Biologie en Santé – IRIS, CHU, 4, rue Larrey, 49933 Angers cedex, France
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Institut de Biologie en Santé - PBH, CHU, 4 rue Larrey, 49933 Angers cedex, France
| | - Matthieu Eveillard
- L'UNAM Université, Université d'Angers, Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène, UPRES EA3142, Institut de Biologie en Santé – IRIS, CHU, 4, rue Larrey, 49933 Angers cedex, France
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Institut de Biologie en Santé - PBH, CHU, 4 rue Larrey, 49933 Angers cedex, France
| | - Fouad Dabboussi
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Centre AZM pour la recherche en Biotechnologie et ses applications, Université Libanaise, Tripoli, Liban
| | - Monzer Hamze
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie Santé et Environnement (LMSE), Centre AZM pour la recherche en Biotechnologie et ses applications, Université Libanaise, Tripoli, Liban
| | - Marie-Laure Joly-Guillou
- L'UNAM Université, Université d'Angers, Groupe d'Etude des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène, UPRES EA3142, Institut de Biologie en Santé – IRIS, CHU, 4, rue Larrey, 49933 Angers cedex, France
- Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Institut de Biologie en Santé - PBH, CHU, 4 rue Larrey, 49933 Angers cedex, France
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Al-Agamy MH, Khalaf NG, Tawfick MM, Shibl AM, Kholy AE. Molecular characterization of carbapenem-insensitive Acinetobacter baumannii in Egypt. Int J Infect Dis 2014; 22:49-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2013.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Revised: 12/01/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Characterization of a novel international clonal complex (CC32) of Acinetobacter baumannii with epidemic potential. Epidemiol Infect 2013; 142:1554-8. [PMID: 24074290 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268813002288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Twelve non-replicate Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from five European hospitals, Kuwait, and the US military healthcare system collected between 1980 and 2005 revealed a new clone, CC32. These included representative isolates of outbreaks/cross-infections. Antimicrobial susceptibility and carbapenem-resistant genetic traits varied. The widespread occurrence, the association with an outbreak and the carbapenem resistance indicate that CC32 has epidemic potential.
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