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Wen Y, Tang Z, Wang K, Geng Z, Yang S, Guo J, Chen Y, Wang J, Fan Z, Chen P, Qian J. Epidemiological and Molecular Investigation of Feline Panleukopenia Virus Infection in China. Viruses 2024; 16:1967. [PMID: 39772273 PMCID: PMC11728606 DOI: 10.3390/v16121967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2024] [Revised: 12/19/2024] [Accepted: 12/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2025] Open
Abstract
The feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) is a highly contagious virus that affects cats worldwide, characterized by leukopenia, high temperature and diarrhea. Recently, the continuous prevalence and variation of FPV have attracted widespread concern. The aim of this study was to investigate the isolation, genetic evolution, molecular characterization and epidemiological analysis of FPV strains among cats and dogs in China from 2019 to 2024. The 41 FPV strains, including 38 feline strains and 3 canine strains, were isolated from rectal swab samples by inoculating monolayer FK81 cells and performing a plaque purification assay. The viral and hemagglutination titers of these 41 FPV strains were 104.33~106.33 TCID50/0.1 mL and 7.0 log2~9.7 log2, respectively. Based on the complete VP2 gene, the nucleotide homology of these FPV strains was 98.91~100%, and the homology with 24 reference FPV strains from different countries and hosts was 98.85~100%. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that 41 FPV strains were more closely related to the FPV strains of Asian origin (Asian FPV strain group) than those of European and American origin (European and American FPV strain group). Furthermore, 12 mutation sites of the VP2 protein were found in these FPV strains, of which 91 and 232 amino acid sites were previously reported. Moreover, the 91 amino acid site was found to be a positive selection site with the highest dN/dS value in the selection pressure analysis. Importantly, 35 FPV strains with 91S substitution in the VP2 protein (FPV-VP2-91S strains) had formed obvious evolutionary branches in the Asian FPV strain group. The analysis of all available VP2 protein sequences of Chinese FPV strains in the GenBank database showed that the occurrence rate of FPV-VP2-91S strains had been increasing from 15.63% to 100% during 2017~2024, indicating that the FPV-VP2-91S substitution in the VP2 protein was a noteworthy molecular characteristic of the dominant FPV strains in China. These results contribute to a better understanding of their genetic evolution and renew the knowledge of FPV molecular epidemiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Wen
- College of veterinary medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Zhengxu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Kunli Wang
- College of veterinary medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Zhengyang Geng
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Simin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Junqing Guo
- Henan Institute of Modern Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yongzhen Chen
- Henan Institute of Modern Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Jiankun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- Nanjing Taihe Bioengineering Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Zhiyu Fan
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Pengju Chen
- Henan Institute of Modern Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Jing Qian
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
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Weng S, Ma S, Xing Y, Zhang W, Wu Y, Fu M, Luo Z, Li Q, Lin S, Zhang L, Wang Y. Toward establishing a rapid constant temperature detection method for canine parvovirus based on endonuclease activities. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0422223. [PMID: 39287457 PMCID: PMC11537113 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04222-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Canine parvovirus (CPV) can cause high morbidity and mortality rates in puppies, posing a significant threat to both pet dogs and the breeding industry. Rapid, accurate, and convenient detection methods are important for the early intervention and treatment of canine parvovirus. In this study, we propose a visual CPV detection system called nucleic acid mismatch enzyme digestion (NMED). This system combines loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), endonuclease for gene mismatch detection, and colloidal gold lateral chromatography. We demonstrated that NMED can induce the binding of the amplicon from the sample to the specific labeling probe, which in turn triggers digestion by the endonuclease. The sensitivity and visual visibility of LAMP were increased by combining endonuclease and colloidal gold lateral chromatography assisted by a simple temperature-controlled device. The sensitivity of the NMED assay was 1 copy/μL, which was consistent with quantitative PCR (qPCR). The method was validated with 20 clinical samples that potentially had CPV infection; 15 positive samples and 5 negative samples were evaluated; and the detection accuracy was consistent with that of qPCR. As a rapid, accurate, and convenient molecular diagnostic method, NMED has great potential for application in the field of pathogenic microorganism detection. IMPORTANCE The NMED method has been established in the laboratory and used for CPV detection. The method has several advantages, including simple sampling, high sensitivity, intuitive results, and no requirement for expensive equipment. The establishment of this method has commercial potential and offers a novel approach and concept for the future development of clinical detection of pathogenic microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoting Weng
- Department of Biotechnology, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Shengming Ma
- Department of Biotechnology, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Yueteng Xing
- Department of Biotechnology, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Yinrong Wu
- Department of Biotechnology, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Mengyao Fu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Zhongyi Luo
- Department of Biotechnology, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Qiuying Li
- Department of Biotechnology, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Sen Lin
- Anyang Kindstar Global Medical Laboratory Ltd, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Longfei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, Henan, China
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Zhang H, Zhang W, Pan Y, Li H, He T, Dong Q, Song W, Zhang W, Zhang L, Kareem K, Jiang S, Sheng J. Evolutionary Dynamics and Pathogenicity Analysis of Feline Panleukopenia Virus in Xinjiang, China. Microorganisms 2024; 12:2205. [PMID: 39597594 PMCID: PMC11596581 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12112205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2024] [Revised: 10/25/2024] [Accepted: 10/29/2024] [Indexed: 11/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Feline panleukopenia virus (FPV), a globally pervasive and highly pathogenic pathogen, has garnered significant attention recently due to the cross-species transmission of its variants. Despite the vast body of research conducted on FPV, studies exploring its evolutionary history, dynamics, and the factors driving its evolution remain scarce. The pathogenicity of strains with the prevalent mutations (A91S and I101T) in the VP2 protein has also not been fully elucidated. This study conducted a comparative analysis of FPV VP2 sequences sourced from Xinjiang province in China, other provinces in China, and other countries. It was confirmed that the evolutionary rate of FPV approached that of RNA viruses, at approximately 1.13 × 10-4 substitutions/site/year. The study reconstructed molecular models of the VP2 protein with the A91S and I101T mutations and used viral strains carrying these mutations to perform the animal regression experiment. It was confirmed that isolates with the A91S and I101T mutations could cause typical leukopenia and acute enteritis symptoms, suggesting that the mutant strains still possess certain pathogenicity. This is the first study to report on the evolutionary dynamics of FPV in Xinjiang, China, and it emphasized the importance of continuously monitoring FPV evolutionary dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanwen Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China; (H.Z.); (W.Z.); (Y.P.); (H.L.); (T.H.); (Q.D.); (W.S.); (W.Z.); (L.Z.); (K.K.)
- Animal Hospital, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Wenxiang Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China; (H.Z.); (W.Z.); (Y.P.); (H.L.); (T.H.); (Q.D.); (W.S.); (W.Z.); (L.Z.); (K.K.)
- Animal Hospital, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Yu Pan
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China; (H.Z.); (W.Z.); (Y.P.); (H.L.); (T.H.); (Q.D.); (W.S.); (W.Z.); (L.Z.); (K.K.)
| | - Honghuan Li
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China; (H.Z.); (W.Z.); (Y.P.); (H.L.); (T.H.); (Q.D.); (W.S.); (W.Z.); (L.Z.); (K.K.)
| | - Tao He
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China; (H.Z.); (W.Z.); (Y.P.); (H.L.); (T.H.); (Q.D.); (W.S.); (W.Z.); (L.Z.); (K.K.)
| | - Qianqian Dong
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China; (H.Z.); (W.Z.); (Y.P.); (H.L.); (T.H.); (Q.D.); (W.S.); (W.Z.); (L.Z.); (K.K.)
| | - Wenyan Song
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China; (H.Z.); (W.Z.); (Y.P.); (H.L.); (T.H.); (Q.D.); (W.S.); (W.Z.); (L.Z.); (K.K.)
| | - Wenya Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China; (H.Z.); (W.Z.); (Y.P.); (H.L.); (T.H.); (Q.D.); (W.S.); (W.Z.); (L.Z.); (K.K.)
| | - Liyan Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China; (H.Z.); (W.Z.); (Y.P.); (H.L.); (T.H.); (Q.D.); (W.S.); (W.Z.); (L.Z.); (K.K.)
| | - Kashaf Kareem
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China; (H.Z.); (W.Z.); (Y.P.); (H.L.); (T.H.); (Q.D.); (W.S.); (W.Z.); (L.Z.); (K.K.)
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad Layyah Campus, Layyah 31200, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Song Jiang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China; (H.Z.); (W.Z.); (Y.P.); (H.L.); (T.H.); (Q.D.); (W.S.); (W.Z.); (L.Z.); (K.K.)
- Animal Hospital, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Jinliang Sheng
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China; (H.Z.); (W.Z.); (Y.P.); (H.L.); (T.H.); (Q.D.); (W.S.); (W.Z.); (L.Z.); (K.K.)
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Pu J, Zhang Y, Zhong D, Chen Q. Detection and genetic characterization of circulating canine parvovirus from stray dogs in Shanghai, China. Virology 2024; 595:110041. [PMID: 38555807 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2024.110041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Canine parvovirus (CPV) is the main cause of viral diarrhea in dogs. CPV became a global disease in 1978 and was endemic all over the world. CPV-2 was the first strain to be identified, but with genetic mutations, new genotypes such as CPV-2a/2b/2c/new-2a/new-2b have emerged. In this study, 128 fecal samples of stray dogs suspected of CPV-2 infection were collected from January to March 2021 in Shanghai, China. All samples were screened by PCR and further analyzed by VP2 gene. The positive rate of CPV-2 was 9.4% (12/128), of which 6 CPV-2 isolates were successfully isolated. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that 4 isolates were CPV-2c genotype and 2 were new-CPV-2b genotype. VP-2 is a key protein that determines the antigenic properties, host range and receptor binding of cpv-2. The results of VP2 amino acid sequence analysis in this study showed that the CPV-2c isolated strain was the same as the previous strains reported in China, including F267Y, Y324I, Q370R and A5G mutations in addition to the typical N426E mutations. Similarly, in addition to the conventional N426D, S297A, F267Y and Y324I mutations, the new CPV-2b isolate also had a new mutation of T440A. This study further confirmed the prevalence of CPV-2c and new-CPV-2b in Shanghai, and also found a new mutation site of new-CPV-2c, which provided a theoretical basis for further enriching the epidemiological data of CPV-2 in Shanghai, as well as the development of vaccines and the prevention and control of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Pu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China; SNLG Precision Medtech (Shanghai) Ltd, Shanghai, 201100, PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Dengke Zhong
- Shanghai Vocational and Technical College of Agriculture and Forestry, Shanghai, 201600, PR China.
| | - Qiusheng Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China.
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Xie Q, Sun Z, Xue X, Pan Y, Zhen S, Liu Y, Zhan J, Jiang L, Zhang J, Zhu H, Yu X, Zhang X. China-origin G1 group isolate FPV072 exhibits higher infectivity and pathogenicity than G2 group isolate FPV027. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1328244. [PMID: 38288138 PMCID: PMC10822907 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1328244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Feline parvovirus (FPV), a single-stranded DNA virus, is accountable for causing feline panleukopenia, a highly contagious and often lethal disease that primarily affects cats. The epidemiology prevalence and pathogenicity of FPV in certain regions of China, however, remains unclear. The aim of this research was to investigate the epidemiology of FPV in different regions of China in 2021 and compare its infectivity and pathogenicity. Methods In this research, a total of 36 FPV strains were obtained from diverse regions across China. Phylogenetic analysis was performed based on the VP2 and NS1 sequences, and two representative strains, FPV027 and FPV072, which belonged to different branches, were selected for comparative assessment of infectivity and pathogenicity. Results and discussion The results revealed that all strains were phylogenetically classified into two groups, G1 and G2, with a higher prevalence of G1 strains in China. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that FPV072 (G1 group) exhibited enhanced infectivity and pathogenicity compared to FPV027 (G2 Group). The structural alignment of the VP2 protein between the two viruses revealed mutations in residues 91, 232, and 300 that may contribute to differences in infectivity and pathogenicity. The findings from these observations will contribute significantly to the overall understanding of the molecular epidemiology of FPV in China and facilitate the development of an effective FPV vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoqiao Xie
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Pet Infectious Diseases and Public Health in the Middle and Lower Stream Regions of the Yellow River, Yantai, China
- Provincial Engineering Research Center for Pet Animal Vaccines, Yantai, China
| | - Zhen Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Pet Infectious Diseases and Public Health in the Middle and Lower Stream Regions of the Yellow River, Yantai, China
- Provincial Engineering Research Center for Pet Animal Vaccines, Yantai, China
| | - Xiu Xue
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Pet Infectious Diseases and Public Health in the Middle and Lower Stream Regions of the Yellow River, Yantai, China
- Provincial Engineering Research Center for Pet Animal Vaccines, Yantai, China
| | - Yajie Pan
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Pet Infectious Diseases and Public Health in the Middle and Lower Stream Regions of the Yellow River, Yantai, China
- Provincial Engineering Research Center for Pet Animal Vaccines, Yantai, China
| | - Shuye Zhen
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Pet Infectious Diseases and Public Health in the Middle and Lower Stream Regions of the Yellow River, Yantai, China
- Provincial Engineering Research Center for Pet Animal Vaccines, Yantai, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Pet Infectious Diseases and Public Health in the Middle and Lower Stream Regions of the Yellow River, Yantai, China
- Provincial Engineering Research Center for Pet Animal Vaccines, Yantai, China
| | - Jiuyu Zhan
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Linlin Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Pet Infectious Diseases and Public Health in the Middle and Lower Stream Regions of the Yellow River, Yantai, China
- Provincial Engineering Research Center for Pet Animal Vaccines, Yantai, China
| | - Jianlong Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Pet Infectious Diseases and Public Health in the Middle and Lower Stream Regions of the Yellow River, Yantai, China
- Provincial Engineering Research Center for Pet Animal Vaccines, Yantai, China
| | - Hongwei Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Pet Infectious Diseases and Public Health in the Middle and Lower Stream Regions of the Yellow River, Yantai, China
- Provincial Engineering Research Center for Pet Animal Vaccines, Yantai, China
| | - Xin Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Pet Infectious Diseases and Public Health in the Middle and Lower Stream Regions of the Yellow River, Yantai, China
- Provincial Engineering Research Center for Pet Animal Vaccines, Yantai, China
| | - Xingxiao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Pet Infectious Diseases and Public Health in the Middle and Lower Stream Regions of the Yellow River, Yantai, China
- Provincial Engineering Research Center for Pet Animal Vaccines, Yantai, China
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Wang J, Yan Z, Liu H, Wang W, Liu Y, Zhu X, Tian L, Zhao J, Peng Q, Bi Z. Prevalence and Molecular Evolution of Parvovirus in Cats in Eastern Shandong, China, between 2021 and 2022. Transbound Emerg Dis 2024; 2024:5514806. [PMID: 40303163 PMCID: PMC12016963 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5514806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2025]
Abstract
Feline panleukopenia (FPL) is a highly contagious infectious disease caused by infection with feline parvovirus (FPV) and canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2). In recent years, the number of cats with FPL has increased with the expansion of pet cat population in China. The feces of 51 cats with diarrhea symptoms collected from 2021 to 2022 in Eastern Shandong, China, were detected by polymerase chain reaction for parvovirus and other viruses related to feline diarrhea to investigate the prevalence and gene variation of parvovirus in cats. In all the 51 samples, 45.1% (23/51) were positive for at least one viral pathogen, and the positivity of parvovirus was 41.2% (21/51), showing a high prevalence. Multiple-pathogen testing indicated high-coinfection rates of 42.9% (9/21) with other common viruses in parvovirus-positive cats. Most of the coinfections are feline coronavirus (FCoV), followed by feline astrovirus (FAstV) and feline bocavirus (FBoV). The complete VP2 sequences of 21 parvoviruses were obtained. Among them, 20 sequences were identified as FPV, and only one was CPV-2c of Asian origin, which was first detected from cats in Eastern Shandong, China. A phylogenetic tree of the 20 FPVs was constructed together with 698 FPVs (cat/dog host) worldwide on the basis of complete VP2. The 18 FPVs displayed high-sequence identity to one another (99.8%-100%), and they were clustered into FPV-G1 group, whereas the other two were clustered into FPV-G3 group. The FPV-G1 group increased dramatically to become predominant after 2019 in China, contributing to the prevalence of A91S mutation due to 96.07% FPV-G1 with A91S mutation as well as 100% of FPV-G2 and 99.12% of FPV-G3 with 91A in the statistical analysis. This study enriched the understanding of the prevalence, molecular evolution, and cross-species transmission of parvovirus in cats and provided a basis for responding to challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of FPL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China
| | - Zhirong Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Haoran Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Wenjie Wang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China
- School of Pet Science and Technology, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, China
| | - Yakun Liu
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xu Zhu
- Shanghai GlinX Biotechnology Company Limited, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Lili Tian
- Department of Modern Agriculture, Linyi Vocational University of Science and Technology, Linyi, Shandong 276025, China
| | - Jianjun Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qisheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory for Zoonosis Research of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Zhenwei Bi
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China
- GuoTai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, China
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7
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Franzo G, Mira F, Schirò G, Canuti M. Not Asian Anymore: Reconstruction of the History, Evolution, and Dispersal of the "Asian" Lineage of CPV-2c. Viruses 2023; 15:1962. [PMID: 37766368 PMCID: PMC10535194 DOI: 10.3390/v15091962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Variability has been one of the hallmarks of canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) since its discovery, and several lineages and antigenic variants have emerged. Among these, a group of viruses commonly called Asian CPV-2c has recently been reported with increasing frequency in different regions. Currently, its global epidemiology and evolution are essentially unknown. The present work deals with this information gap by evaluating, via sequence, phylodynamic, and phylogeographic analyses, all the complete coding sequences of strains classified as Asian CPV-2c based on a combination of amino acid markers and phylogenetic analysis. After its estimated origin around 2008, this lineage circulated undetected in Asia until approximately 2012, when an expansion in viral population size and geographical distribution occurred, involving Africa, Europe, and North America. Asia was predicted to be the main nucleus of viral dispersal, leading to multiple introduction events in other continents/countries, where infection establishment, persistence, and rapid evolution occurred. Although the dog is the main host, other non-canine species were also involved, demonstrating the host plasticity of this lineage. Finally, although most of the strains showed an amino acid motif considered characteristic of this lineage, several exceptions were observed, potentially due to convergent evolution or reversion phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Franzo
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health (MAPS), Padua University, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Francesco Mira
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, 90129 Palermo, Italy; (F.M.); (G.S.)
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Polo Universitario dell’Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Giorgia Schirò
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia “A. Mirri”, 90129 Palermo, Italy; (F.M.); (G.S.)
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Messina, Polo Universitario dell’Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Marta Canuti
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Coordinate Research Centre EpiSoMI (Epidemiology and Molecular Surveillance of Infections), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Centre for Multidisciplinary Research in Health Science (MACH), Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
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8
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Fu P, He D, Cheng X, Niu X, Wang C, Fu Y, Li K, Zhu H, Lu W, Wang J, Chu B. Prevalence and Characteristics of Canine Parvovirus Type 2 in Henan Province, China. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0185622. [PMID: 36377944 PMCID: PMC9769957 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01856-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the epidemic profile and genetic diversity of canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2), a total of 111 clinical samples collected from dogs suspected of CPV-2 infection in 10 cities of Henan province of China during 2020 to 2021 were screened by PCR. The results showed a CPV-2-positive rate of 88.29% (98/111). Nearly full-length genomes of 98 CPV-2 strains were sequenced and analyzed. CPV-2c strains (91.84%, 90/98) were significantly higher than that of new CPV-2a strains (8.16%, 8/98) in Henan province without detecting other CPV genotypes, indicating that CPV-2c has become the dominant genotype in Henan province. A phylogenetic analysis of NS1 and VP2 amino acids grouped the strains in this study with Asian strains, which clustered into an identical branch. Based on the CPV-2 VP2 sequences in this study and available in the NCBI database, the adaptation analyses showed that 17 positive selection sites and 10 parallel evolution sites were identified in the VP2 protein of CPV-2, of which three sites (sites 5, 370, and 426) were both under positive selection pressure and parallel evolution. Interestingly, two amino acid mutations (A5G and Q370R) were also observed in the VP2 proteins of 82 CPV-2c strains in this study, which differed from the earlier CPV-2c strain (GU380303) in China. In addition, a unique mutation (I447M) was observed in the VP2 protein of five CPV-2c strains, which was first reported in China. This study provides powerful insight to further our understanding of the epidemic status and evolution of CPV-2 in China. IMPORTANCE CPV-2 was the original virus strain identified in dogs, which cause an acute and lethal disease in dogs. Subsequently, the original CPV-2 was replaced throughout the world by novel antigenic variants (e.g., CPV-2a, CPV-2b, new CPV-2a, new CPV-2b, and CPV-2c). Currently, the epidemiological characteristics of CPV-2 in Henan province of China is still unclear. In our study, a total of 98 nearly full-length genomes of CPV-2 strains were obtained to explore prevalence and genetic evolution of CPV-2 in Henan Province. Moreover, the epidemiological and genetic evolution of CPV-2 in China since its discovery was also investigated. The results of this study will provide valuable information regarding the evolution of CPV-2 strains in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Fu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Growth and Development, The Education Department of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Dongchang He
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Growth and Development, The Education Department of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Xinrui Niu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Growth and Development, The Education Department of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Congrong Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Growth and Development, The Education Department of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Yiqian Fu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Growth and Development, The Education Department of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Kun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Heshui Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Growth and Development, The Education Department of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Weifei Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Growth and Development, The Education Department of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Jiang Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Growth and Development, The Education Department of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Beibei Chu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Growth and Development, The Education Department of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
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9
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Identification and Molecular Characterization of a Divergent Asian-like Canine Parvovirus Type 2b (CPV-2b) Strain in Southern Italy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911240. [PMID: 36232542 PMCID: PMC9570342 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) is an infectious agent relevant to domestic and wild carnivorans. Recent studies documented the introduction and spread of CPV-2c strains of Asian origin in the Italian canine population. We investigated tissue samples from a puppy collected during necropsy for the presence of viral enteropathogens and all samples tested positive only for CPV-2. The full coding sequence of a CPV-2b (VP2 426Asp) strain was obtained. This virus was related to CPV-2c strains of Asian origin and unrelated to European CPV-2b strains. The sequence had genetic signatures typical of Asian strains (NS1: 60Val, 545Val, 630Pro; VP2: 5Gly, 267Tyr, 324Ile) and mutations rarely reported in Asian CPV-2b strains (NS1: 588N; VP2: 370Arg). Phylogenetic analyses placed this strain in well-supported clades, including Asian CPV-2c-like strains, but always as a basal, single-sequence long branch. No recombination was observed for this strain, and we speculate that it could have originated from an Asian CPV-2c-like strain that acquired the 426Asp mutation. This study reports the first evidence of an Asian-like CPV-2b strain in Italy, confirming the occurrence of continuous changes in the global CPV-2 spread. Since positive convergent mutations complicate data interpretation, a combination of phylogenetic and mutation pattern analyses is crucial in studying the origin and evolution of CPV-2 strains.
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Urbani L, Tirolo A, Balboni A, Troia R, Dondi F, Battilani M. Concomitant Infections With Canine Parvovirus Type 2 and Intracellular Tick-Borne Pathogens in Two Puppy Dogs. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:964177. [PMID: 35928114 PMCID: PMC9343697 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.964177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this report the concomitant infection with canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2), Hepatozoon canis and Ehrlichia canis in two puppy dogs from Southern Italy is described. Dogs were referred to a veterinary university hospital for the acute onset of lethargy and gastrointestinal signs. A complete clinical and clinicopathological evaluation was carried out and the multiple infection was confirmed by microscopic detection of inclusion bodies in peripheral blood smear, rapid immunoenzymatic tests, indirect fluorescent antibody tests, and molecular assays. Sequence analysis revealed that the CPV-2 identified belonged to the 2c variant and had amino acid residues in the predicted VP2 protein typical of “Asian-like” strains widespread in Asia and occasionally reported in Romania, Nigeria and Italy, particularly in the region of Sicily. Numerous monocytes were infected by both H. canis gamonts and E. canis morulae, suggesting that this co-infection is not accidental and that E. canis preferably infects those cells parasitized by H. canis. The clinical presentation of these animals was severe but supportive cares associated with early etiological therapy allowed a good prognosis. Movement of puppies from geographic areas where vector-borne pathogens are endemic must be carefully evaluated and core vaccinations and ectoparasite prevention treatments must be rigorously adopted.
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11
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Genetic characterization and evolutionary analysis of canine parvovirus in Tangshan, China. Arch Virol 2022; 167:2263-2269. [PMID: 35829824 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-022-05502-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Canine parvovirus (CPV) is a major enteric virus of carnivores worldwide that poses a considerable threat to dogs. In this study, we investigated the genetic variation of CPV in Tangshan, China, and the relationships between CPV disease and the vaccination status, age, and gender of dogs. Seventy-seven fecal samples from dogs in Tangshan that tested positive for CPV were obtained for analysis. Twenty-two full-length VP2 gene sequences were successfully amplified. The 22 strains included 17 CPV-2c variants, four new CPV-2a variants, and one new CPV-2b variant. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all of the CPV-2c strains clustered together and were closely related to CPV-2c strains from Asia but distantly related to CPV-2c strains from Europe. Further amino acid sequence analysis showed that, relative to CPV-2c strains from Europe, most of the CPV-2c stains in this study had A5G, F267Y, Y324I, and Q370R mutations. These findings provide a more comprehensive understanding of the variants of CPV circulating in China.
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12
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Wang J, Chen X, Zhou Y, Yue H, Zhou N, Gong H, Tang C. Prevalence and characteristics of a feline parvovirus-like virus in dogs in China. Vet Microbiol 2022; 270:109473. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2022.109473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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13
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T598 and T601 phosphorylation sites of canine parvovirus NS1 are crucial for viral replication and pathogenicity. Vet Microbiol 2021; 264:109301. [PMID: 34915313 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2021.109301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Canine parvovirus-2 (CPV-2) is an important pathogen causing severe diseases in dogs and other wild carnivores. Phosphorylation of NS1 may be related to CPV-2 pathogenicity, but the exact mechanism is unclear. Here, we conducted parvovirus disease surveillance in Shaanxi Province of China and 51 fecal swabs were detected to be infected with CPV-2. The 7 CPV-2 strains were identified, all of which belonged to CPV-2c. The complete genome sequence of one of the strains (CPV-2c XY) was cloned into pKQLL plasmid to construct a full-length infectious clone plasmid pX-CPV-2c, which carried a genetic marker. The plasmid pX-CPV-2c was transfected into F81 cells for virus rescue. And the rescued virus, which was designed as X-CPV-2c, showed the similar biological property to parental CPV-2c XY in vitro and in vivo. We further constructed four NS1 phosphorylation site mutant strains (X-CPV-2cT584A, X-CPV-2cS592A, X-CPV-2cT598A/T601A and X-CPV-2cT617A) on the basis of X-CPV-2c. After the analysis and comparison of biological characteristics, the low pathogenic strain X-CPV-2cT598A/T601A was further screened out, which emphasized the importance of phosphorylation sites 598 T/601 T for the pathogenicity of CPV-2. Overall, our data indicated that T598 and T601, the C-terminal phosphorylation site of CPV-2 NS1, play important roles in viral pathogenicity and laid the foundation for the development of new attenuated live vaccine vectors.
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14
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Liu C, Gao J, Li H, Sun F, Liang H, Liu H, Yi J. Phylogenetic Characteristics of Canine Parvovirus Type 2c Variant Endemic in Shanghai, China. Viruses 2021; 13:v13112257. [PMID: 34835063 PMCID: PMC8618335 DOI: 10.3390/v13112257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) has spread and mutated globally over the past 40 years. In the present study, 206 samples from dogs suspected of CPV-2 infection were collected from five veterinary clinics in Shanghai city, China. The average positive rate for CPV-2 was detected to be 40.78% using the PCR method. Using an F81 cell (feline kidney cell) culture, the isolates of three CPV-2c strains were obtained. The near full-length genome sequences of the isolates were determined and submitted to GenBank: CPV-SH2001 (MW650830), CPV-SH2002 (MW811188), and CPV-SH2003 (MW811189). By comparing the amino acid sequences of 12 CPV strains with those of 48 related strains retrieved from GenBank, all of the CPV strains from Shanghai were typed as belonging to a relatively new CPV-2c variant spreading in Asia, with typical amino acid residues (5Gly, 267Tyr, 324Ile, and 370Arg) in the VP2 protein. The divergence time of this new CPV-2c clade was estimated by the phylogenetic tree using the maximum likelihood and RelTime with Dated Tips (RTDT) approaches. Our results indicate that the 426 and 324 VP2 amino acid residues are under strong selection pressure with a posterior probability of 0.966 and 0.943, respectively. Therefore, this study provides insight into the phylogenetic characteristics of the current CPV-2c variant in Shanghai city, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengqian Liu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, China; (C.L.); (J.G.); (H.L.); (F.S.)
| | - Jun Gao
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, China; (C.L.); (J.G.); (H.L.); (F.S.)
| | - Hong Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, China; (C.L.); (J.G.); (H.L.); (F.S.)
| | - Fengping Sun
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, China; (C.L.); (J.G.); (H.L.); (F.S.)
| | - Hongyu Liang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
| | - Huili Liu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, China; (C.L.); (J.G.); (H.L.); (F.S.)
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jianzhong Yi
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201106, China; (C.L.); (J.G.); (H.L.); (F.S.)
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (J.Y.)
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15
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Mira F. From molecular surveillance to electronic health data and back: creating virtual biobanks for infectious diseases of companion animals. Vet Rec 2021; 189:241-243. [PMID: 34558712 DOI: 10.1002/vetr.998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Mira
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia 'A Mirri', Palermo, Italy
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16
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Takano T, Hamaguchi S, Hasegawa N, Doki T, Soma T. Predominance of canine parvovirus 2b in Japan: an epidemiological study during 2014-2019. Arch Virol 2021; 166:3151-3156. [PMID: 34387749 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-021-05200-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Canine parvovirus 2 (CPV-2) is an important pathogen of domestic dogs and wild canids. In Japan, CPV-2 infection is one of the most common infectious diseases of dogs. We analyzed samples collected between 2014 and 2019 to identify antigenic variants of CPV-2 in dogs in Japan. Our results demonstrated that the CPV-2b variant was predominant. The CPV-2c variant was not found among our samples. Our findings demonstrate that the distribution of CPV-2 antigenic variants in Japan was more similar to that in Australia than to that in neighboring countries in Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Takano
- Laboratory of Veterinary Infectious Disease, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada, Aomori, 034-8628, Japan.
| | - Shun Hamaguchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Infectious Disease, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada, Aomori, 034-8628, Japan
| | - Nobuhisa Hasegawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Infectious Disease, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada, Aomori, 034-8628, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Doki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Infectious Disease, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada, Aomori, 034-8628, Japan
| | - Takehisa Soma
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Marupi Lifetech Co., Ltd, Fushio-cho, Ikeda, Osaka, 563-0011, Japan
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Balboni A, Niculae M, Di Vito S, Urbani L, Terrusi A, Muresan C, Battilani M. The detection of canine parvovirus type 2c of Asian origin in dogs in Romania evidenced its progressive worldwide diffusion. BMC Vet Res 2021; 17:206. [PMID: 34090429 PMCID: PMC8180150 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-02918-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Canine parvovirus (CPV) is one of the most important pathogens of dogs. Despite vaccination, CPV infections are still ubiquitous in dogs, and the three antigenic variants 2a, 2b and 2c are variously distributed in the canine population worldwide. To date, no information is available on CPV variants circulating in some European countries. The aim of this study was to genetically characterise the CPV detected in ten dogs with clinical signs of acute gastroenteritis in Romania. The presence of Carnivore protoparvovirus 1 DNA was investigated in faecal samples using an end-point PCR targeting the complete VP2 gene and positive amplicons were sequenced and analysed. Results All ten dogs with acute gastroenteritis tested positive to Carnivore protoparvovirus 1 DNA in faecal samples. The identified viruses belonged to CPV-2c type, showed identical sequences of the VP2 gene and were characterised by distinctive amino acid residues in the deduced VP2 protein: 5-glicine (5Gly), 267-tirosine (267Tyr), 324-isoleucine (324Ile) and 370-arginine (370Arg). These distinctive amino acid residues have already been reported in CPV-2c widespread in Asia and occasionally detected in Italy and Nigeria. Conclusions Since CPV-2c with VP2 amino acid residues 5Gly, 267Tyr, 324Ile and 370Arg were never reported before 2013, it can be assumed that this virus is progressively expanding its spread in the world dog population. This study adds new data about the presence of this new virus in Europe and underline worrying questions about its potential impact on the health of the canine population. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12917-021-02918-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Balboni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mihaela Niculae
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Serena Di Vito
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lorenza Urbani
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessia Terrusi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cosmin Muresan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mara Battilani
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Bologna, Italy.
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