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Nemec SF, Schwarz-Nemec U, Prayer D, Weber M, Bettelheim D, Kasprian G. Femur development in fetal growth restriction as observed on prenatal magnetic resonance imaging. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2023; 61:601-609. [PMID: 36445348 DOI: 10.1002/uog.26133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate human femur development in fetal growth restriction (FGR) by analyzing femur morphometrics and distal epimetaphyseal features on prenatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS This was a retrospective study of 111 fetuses (mean gestational age (GA), 27 + 2 weeks (range, 19-35 weeks)) with FGR associated with placental insufficiency without other major abnormalities and 111 GA-matched normal controls. On 1.5-Tesla echoplanar MRI, femur morphometrics, including diaphyseal length, epiphyseal length and epiphyseal width, were assessed. Using a previously reported grading system, epimetaphyseal features, including cartilaginous epiphyseal shape, metaphyseal shape and epiphyseal ossification, were analyzed qualitatively. To compare FGR cases and controls, the paired t-test was used to assess morphometrics, generalized estimating equations were used for epimetaphyseal features and time-to-event analysis was used to assess the visibility of epiphyseal ossification. RESULTS There were significant differences in femur morphometrics between FGR cases and controls (all parameters, P < 0.001), with bone shortening observed in FGR. No significant differences were found in the distribution of epimetaphyseal features between FGR cases and controls (epiphyseal shape, P = 0.341; metaphyseal shape, P = 0.782; epiphyseal ossification, P = 0.85). Epiphyseal ossification was visible at a median of 33.6 weeks in FGR cases and at 32.1 weeks in controls (P = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS On prenatal MRI, cases with FGR associated with placental insufficiency exhibit diaphyseal and epiphyseal shortening of the femur. However, FGR cases and normal controls share similarly graded distal epimetaphyseal features. Consequently, these features may not be appropriate MRI characteristics for the identification of FGR. © 2022 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Nemec
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Division of Neuroradiology and Musculoskeletal Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - U Schwarz-Nemec
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Division of Neuroradiology and Musculoskeletal Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - D Prayer
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Division of Neuroradiology and Musculoskeletal Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Weber
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Division of Neuroradiology and Musculoskeletal Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - D Bettelheim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Obstetrics and Feto-Maternal Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - G Kasprian
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Division of Neuroradiology and Musculoskeletal Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Wei L, Cao D, Zhu X, Long Y, Liu C, Huang S, Tian J, Hou Q, Huang Y, Ye J, Luo B, Luo Y, Liang C, Li M, Yang X, Mo Z, Xu J. High maternal osteocalcin levels during pregnancy is associated with low birth weight infants: A nested case-control study in China. Bone 2018; 116:35-41. [PMID: 30010079 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low birth weight infants (LBW) are at risk of chronic diseases in later life due to the disorder of energy metabolism during pregnancy. Osteocalcin (OC) has been identified as a hormone that regulate energy metabolism. However, few studies have researched on the associations between maternal serum OC levels and low birth weight infants. OBJECTIONS To examine the associations between maternal serum OC concentrations and LBW. METHODS This was a nested case-control study involving a total of 230 pregnant women delivering LBW and 382 control pregnant women (matched for infant gender, gestational age at blood draw, region of Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital and maternal age in 1: (1-2) ratio). One serum sample was collected from each pregnant woman at 5-35 weeks' gestation. Pregnant women were divided into 3 groups (1st, 2nd and 3rd trimester group). There were 60 and 142 and 28 pregnant women delivering LBW in the first, second and third trimester, respectively. Similarly, there were 101 and 233 and 48 controls in the first, second and third trimester, respectively. Maternal serum OC and 25(OH)D concentrations were categorized into low and high levels, the low level used as reference in analyses. Binary logistic regression model was used to compute odd radio (ORs) for LBW according to levels of maternal serum OC and 25(OH)D. RESULTS Compared with the subjects in low level in first trimester, LBW was two times as likely to occur among pregnancy women with high serum OC concentrations (OR = 2.04, 95%CI:1.05-3.96). After adjusted for confounding factors, a significant positive relationship still existed (adjusted ORs = 2.29, 95%CI: 1.11-4.72). In second trimester, women in high level of serum OC had nearly 1.6 times the risk of delivering LBW infants as those in the low level (OR = 1.55, 95%CI: 1.01-2.37). After adjusted for confounding factors, the ORs increased (ORs = 1.59, 95%CI:1.03-2.45). No significant associations were found between maternal serum OC levels and LBW in third trimester. In addition, there were no associations between maternal 25(OH)D concentrations and LBW during pregnancy. CONCLUSION High maternal serum OC levels in the first or the second trimester during pregnancy may be associated with the risk of LBW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyun Wei
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities, Nanning, Guangxi, China; School of Public Health of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Dehao Cao
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities, Nanning, Guangxi, China; School of Public Health of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiujuan Zhu
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities, Nanning, Guangxi, China; School of Public Health of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yu Long
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Chaoqun Liu
- School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Shengzhu Huang
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities, Nanning, Guangxi, China; School of Public Health of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jiarong Tian
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities, Nanning, Guangxi, China; School of Public Health of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Qingzhi Hou
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities, Nanning, Guangxi, China; School of Public Health of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yaling Huang
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities, Nanning, Guangxi, China; School of Public Health of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Juan Ye
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities, Nanning, Guangxi, China; School of Public Health of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Bangzhu Luo
- Department of Medical Services Section, Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Guigang, Guigang, Guangxi, China
| | - Ying Luo
- Department of Pediatrics, Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Wuzhou, Wuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Chunmei Liang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Yuzhou, Yulin, Guangxi, China
| | - Mujun Li
- Department of Reproductive Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zengnan Mo
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Institute of Urology and Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities, Nanning, Guangxi, China; School of Public Health of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL, USA.
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Briana DD, Gavrili S, Georgantzi S, Marmarinos A, Voulgaris K, Christou C, Gourgiotis D, Malamitsi-Puchner A. Inhibitors of osteoblastogenesis in early human milk and maternal serum: evidence for protective properties of mother's milk on bone. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2018; 33:1095-1099. [PMID: 30122112 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2018.1514383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Lactation is associated with a dramatic increase of maternal bone turnover, leading to a reversible bone loss. Early life nutrition may influence later osteoporosis risk. Proteins synthesized by the group of wingless (Wnt) genes are key mediators of osteoblastogenesis and bone formation. We aimed to investigate maternal milk and serum concentrations of the inhibitors of the Wnt signaling pathway, Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) and sclerostin.Material and methods: In 80 women, maternal milk and serum concentrations of DKK-1 and sclerostin were determined by ELISA on the 3rd-4th day postpartum. Concentrations were associated with various maternal, gestational and neonatal characteristics.Results: DKK-1 and sclerostin were detectable in early milk [mean ± SD: 817.17 ± 259.61 pg/mL, median (range) 258.04 (2452.40-53.17) pg/mL, respectively] at significantly lower concentrations than in maternal serum [mean ± SD: 3375.36 ± 416.75 pg/mL, median (range) 16 200.54 (58 832.00-3012.60) pg/mL, respectively], (p < .000). Maternal milk sclerostin concentrations positively correlated with respective serum ones (r = 0.599, p = .000). Maternal serum and milk sclerostin concentrations positively correlated with maternal body mass index (r = 0.37, p = .001 and r =0.38, p = .000, respectively), while maternal serum sclerostin concentrations were higher in primiparas (p = .002).Conclusion: DKK-1 and sclerostin are present in early human milk at significantly lower concentrations, compared with maternal serum, probably contributing to the short- and long-term benefits of mother's milk for bone health. Moreover, the large amounts of both substances in maternal serum may represent disruption of the Wnt cascade, contributing to the well-known lactation-associated bone loss, which seems to be greater in primiparas and obese mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Despina D Briana
- Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Stavroula Gavrili
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, General District Hospital "Alexandra", Athens, Greece
| | - Sophia Georgantzi
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, General District Hospital "Alexandra", Athens, Greece
| | - Antonios Marmarinos
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry - Molecular Diagnostics, 2nd Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Dimitrios Gourgiotis
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry - Molecular Diagnostics, 2nd Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Stünkel W, Pan H, Chew SB, Tng E, Tan JH, Chen L, Joseph R, Cheong CY, Ong ML, Lee YS, Chong YS, Saw SM, Meaney MJ, Kwek K, Sheppard AM, Gluckman PD, Holbrook JD. Transcriptome changes affecting Hedgehog and cytokine signalling in the umbilical cord: implications for disease risk. PLoS One 2012; 7:e39744. [PMID: 22808055 PMCID: PMC3393728 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2012] [Accepted: 05/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Babies born at lower gestational ages or smaller birthweights have a greater risk of poorer health in later life. Both the causes of these sub-optimal birth outcomes and the mechanism by which the effects are transmitted over decades are the subject of extensive study. We investigated whether a transcriptomic signature of either birthweight or gestational age could be detected in umbilical cord RNA. METHODS The gene expression patterns of 32 umbilical cords from Singaporean babies of Chinese ethnicity across a range of birthweights (1698-4151 g) and gestational ages (35-41 weeks) were determined. We confirmed the differential expression pattern by gestational age for 12 genes in a series of 127 umbilical cords of Chinese, Malay and Indian ethnicity. RESULTS We found that the transcriptome is substantially influenced by gestational age; but less so by birthweight. We show that some of the expression changes dependent on gestational age are enriched in signal transduction pathways, such as Hedgehog and in genes with roles in cytokine signalling and angiogenesis. We show that some of the gene expression changes we report are reflected in the epigenome. CONCLUSIONS We studied the umbilical cord which is peripheral to disease susceptible tissues. The results suggest that soma-wide transcriptome changes, preserved at the epigenetic level, may be a mechanism whereby birth outcomes are linked to the risk of adult metabolic and arthritic disease and suggest that greater attention be given to the association between premature birth and later disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Stünkel
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hong Pan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Siew Boom Chew
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Emilia Tng
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jun Hao Tan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Li Chen
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Roy Joseph
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Clara Y. Cheong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mei-Lyn Ong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yung Seng Lee
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yap-Seng Chong
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Seang Mei Saw
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michael J. Meaney
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kenneth Kwek
- Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Peter D. Gluckman
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Joanna D. Holbrook
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
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