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Bamburowicz-Klimkowska M, Ruzycka-Ayoush M, Cieszanowski A, Szeszkowski W, Bialek M, Malkowska A, Grudzinski IP. New insights into NAFLD based on preclinical MRI studies. Chem Phys Lipids 2022; 244:105192. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2022.105192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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De Rudder M, Bouzin C, Nachit M, Louvegny H, Vande Velde G, Julé Y, Leclercq IA. Automated computerized image analysis for the user-independent evaluation of disease severity in preclinical models of NAFLD/NASH. J Transl Med 2020; 100:147-160. [PMID: 31506634 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-019-0315-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathologists use a semiquantitative scoring system (NAS or SAF score) to facilitate the reporting of disease severity and evolution. Similar scores are applied for the same purposes in rodents. Histological scores have inherent inter- and intra-observer variability and yield discrete and not continuous values. Here we performed an automatic numerical quantification of NASH features on liver sections in common preclinical NAFLD/NASH models. High-fat diet-fed foz/foz mice (Foz HF) or wild-type mice (WT HF) known to develop progressive NASH or an uncomplicated steatosis, respectively, and C57Bl6 mice fed a choline-deficient high-fat diet (CDAA) to induce steatohepatitis were analyzed at various time points. Automated software image analysis of steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis was performed on digital images from entire liver sections. Data obtained were compared with the NAS score, biochemical quantification, and gene expression. As histologically assessed, WT HF mice had normal liver up to week 34 when they harbor mild steatosis with if any, little inflammation. Foz HF mice exhibited grade 2 steatosis as early as week 4, grade 3 steatosis at week 12 up to week 34; inflammation and ballooning increased gradually with time. Automated measurement of steatosis (macrovesicular steatosis area) revealed a strong correlation with steatosis scores (r = 0.89), micro-CT liver density, liver lipid content (r = 0.89), and gene expression of CD36 (r = 0.87). Automatic assessment of the number of F4/80-immunolabelled crown-like structures strongly correlated with conventional inflammatory scores (r = 0.79). In Foz HF mice, collagen deposition, evident at week 20 and progressing at week 34, was automatically quantified on picrosirius red-stained entire liver sections. The automated procedure also faithfully captured and quantitated macrovesicular steatosis, mixed inflammation, and pericellular fibrosis in CDAA-induced steatohepatitis. In conclusion, the automatic numerical analysis represents a promising quantitative method to rapidly monitor NAFLD activity with high-throughput in large preclinical studies and for accurate monitoring of disease evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime De Rudder
- Laboratory of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caroline Bouzin
- Imaging platform 2IP, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maxime Nachit
- Laboratory of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine & MoSAIC, Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Heloïse Louvegny
- Laboratory of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Greetje Vande Velde
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine & MoSAIC, Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Isabelle A Leclercq
- Laboratory of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium.
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Tan F, Wang Z, Yang Y, Xie X, Hua X, Yang X, Huang H. Facile preparation of peroxidase-like core-shell nanorods and application as platform for colorimetric determination of glucose, insulin and glucose/insulin ratio. Talanta 2019; 204:285-293. [PMID: 31357295 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
To obtain sensitive analytical detection methods, many unique materials have been developed and made them promising candidates for biosensing. In this study, a type of core-shell gold nanorods, GNR@Au2S/AuAgS/CuS, possessing peroxidase-like activity was prepared in a simple, facile manner. A colorimetric strategy for detection of blood glucose, insulin and differentiating type 1 and type 2 diabetes was developed based on the unique GNR@Au2S/AuAgS/CuS. The sensitive colorimetric approach for detection of glucose in the dynamic range of 2.5-200 μM was first established based on the catalytic performance of GNR@Au2S/AuAgS/CuS. Meanwhile, the catalytic activity of the peroxidase-like GNR@Au2S/AuAgS/CuS can be regulated by introducing the high affinity and specific reaction between DNA aptamer and insulin on the surface of GNR@Au2S/AuAgS/CuS, which allows the colorimetric assay to be extended to the detection of insulin, and a quantitative analysis of insulin based on the specific recognition can be implemented at the range from 0.014 to 1.08 μU/mL. Furthermore, colorimetric approach coupling peroxidase-like performance and specific recognition on the surface of GNR@Au2S/AuAgS/CuS nanoparticles was developed to measure glucose/insulin ratio and directly differentiate type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Practical human serum samples were tested and only the glucose/insulin ratio greater than 2.2 (μU/mL) may lead to the appearance of color change. The coupling of this different bioassay on the same nanoparticles reflects the versatility and integration characteristics of the colorimetric assay and is highly promising for improving diabetes management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Tan
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule, Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, China
| | - Zhifang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule, Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule, Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, China
| | - Xiaoxue Xie
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule, Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, China
| | - Xinyi Hua
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule, Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, China
| | - Xiumei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule, Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, China
| | - Haowen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule, Ministry of Education, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Controllable Preparation and Functional Application of Fine Polymers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, China.
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Stickel F, Datz C, Hampe J, Bataller R. Pathophysiology and Management of Alcoholic Liver Disease: Update 2016. Gut Liver 2017; 11:173-188. [PMID: 28274107 PMCID: PMC5347641 DOI: 10.5009/gnl16477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a leading cause of cirrhosis, liver cancer, and acute and chronic liver failure and as such causes significant morbidity and mortality. While alcohol consumption is slightly decreasing in several European countries, it is rising in others and remains high in many countries around the world. The pathophysiology of ALD is still incompletely understood but relates largely to the direct toxic effects of alcohol and its main intermediate, acetaldehyde. Recently, novel putative mechanisms have been identified in systematic scans covering the entire human genome and raise new hypotheses on previously unknown pathways. The latter also identify host genetic risk factors for significant liver injury, which may help design prognostic risk scores. The diagnosis of ALD is relatively easy with a panel of well-evaluated tests and only rarely requires a liver biopsy. Treatment of ALD is difficult and grounded in abstinence as the pivotal therapeutic goal; once cirrhosis is established, treatment largely resembles that of other etiologies of advanced liver damage. Liver transplantation is a sound option for carefully selected patients with cirrhosis and alcoholic hepatitis because relapse rates are low and prognosis is comparable to other etiologies. Still, many countries are restrictive in allocating donor livers for ALD patients. Overall, few therapeutic options exist for severe ALD. However, there is good evidence of benefit for only corticosteroids in severe alcoholic hepatitis, while most other efforts are of limited efficacy. Considering the immense burden of ALD worldwide, efforts of medical professionals and industry partners to develop targeted therapies in ALF has been disappointingly low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Stickel
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich,
Switzerland
| | - Christian Datz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Oberndorf, Teaching Hospital of the Paracelsus Private University of Salzburg, Oberndorf,
Austria
| | - Jochen Hampe
- Medical Department 1, University Hospital Dresden, TU Dresden, Dresden,
Germany
| | - Ramon Bataller
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine and Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC,
USA
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Brown GT, Kleiner DE. Histopathology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Metabolism 2016; 65:1080-6. [PMID: 26775559 PMCID: PMC4889547 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2015.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the liver injury most often associated with disorders of insulin resistance, including obesity, diabetes and the metabolic syndrome. The term encompasses several patterns of liver injury, including a relatively benign condition of steatosis without hepatocellular injury, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and a pattern of zone 1 steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis mainly observed in prepubertal children. Staging and grading systems have been developed to characterize the histological changes in NAFLD, mainly as a tool for clinical research. The histological features of NAFLD across these different manifestations and the scoring systems used to evaluate disease severity are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David E Kleiner
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Liver steatosis assessed by preoperative MRI: An independent risk factor for severe complications after major hepatic resection. Surgery 2016; 159:1050-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Revised: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Mathurin P, Bataller R. Trends in the management and burden of alcoholic liver disease. J Hepatol 2015; 62:S38-46. [PMID: 25920088 PMCID: PMC5013530 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2015.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is the most prevalent cause of advanced liver disease in Europe and is the leading cause of death among adults with excessive alcohol consumption. There is a dose-response relationship between the amount of alcohol consumed and the risk of ALD. The relative risk of cirrhosis increases in subjects who consume more than 25 g/day. The burden of alcohol-attributable liver cirrhosis and liver cancer is high and is entirely preventable. Health agencies should develop population-based policies to reduce the prevalence of harmful and/or hazardous alcohol consumption and foster research in this field to provide new diagnostic and therapeutic tools. Disease progression of patients with ALD is heavily influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Non-invasive methods for the diagnosis of fibrosis have opened new perspectives in the early detection of advanced ALD in asymptomatic patients. Alcoholic hepatitis, the most severe form of ALD, carries a high short-term mortality (around 30-50% at 3 months). Corticosteroids improve short-term survival in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis but duration of therapy should be adapted to early response. Liver transplantation is the best option for patients with severe liver dysfunction. However, alcohol relapse after transplantation remains a critical issue and drinking habits of transplanted patients need to be routinely screened.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Mathurin
- Service Maladie de l'Appareil Digestif and INSERM U995, Univ Lille 2, CHRU Lille, France.
| | - Ramon Bataller
- Departments of Medicine and Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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Farr OM, Camp M, Mantzoros CS. New research developments and insights from Metabolism. Metabolism 2015; 64:354-67. [PMID: 25549908 PMCID: PMC4459594 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2014.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
In a field of great importance to daily life and clinical care, metabolic-related research covers a wealth of information and knowledge. This broad field encompasses a number of physical states that are increasingly critical to study, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. Additionally, the impacts of diet, nutrition, and exercise on these physical states are an area of ever-important and expanding research. With the latest advances in metabolic research, much knowledge has been gained. Here, we present the newest findings from research published in Metabolism. We hope that these results provide not only critical knowledge needed for clinical care and daily life, but also a platform for the continuing expansion of research into metabolic-related issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia M Farr
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston VA Healthcare System/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Section of Endocrinology, Beth-Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
| | - Michelle Camp
- Section of Endocrinology, Beth-Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Christos S Mantzoros
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston VA Healthcare System/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Section of Endocrinology, Beth-Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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POLYZOS SA, NIKOLOPOULOS P, STOGIANNI A, ROMIOPOULOS I, KATSINELOS P, KOUNTOURAS J. EFFECT OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI ERADICATION ON HEPATIC STEATOSIS, NAFLD FIBROSIS SCORE AND HSENSI IN PATIENTS WITH NONALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS: a MR imaging-based pilot open-label study. ARQUIVOS DE GASTROENTEROLOGIA 2014; 51:261-8. [DOI: 10.1590/s0004-28032014000300017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Context Limited clinical data suggest Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection may contribute to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) pathogenesis. Objectives The effect of Hp eradication on hepatic steatosis (magnetic resonance imaging), nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score and HSENSI (Homocysteine, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Index) in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis patients. Methods Thirteen adult patients with biopsy-proven nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, asymptomatic for gastrointestinal disease, underwent 13C urea breath test; Hp positive patients received eradication therapy until repeat test become negative. Hepatic fat fraction, standard biochemical tests and calculation of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score and HSENSI were performed at baseline and month 12. Results Hepatic fat fraction was similar for between and within group comparisons. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score showed a non-significant trend towards decrease in Hp(+) [-0.34 (-1.39-0.29) at baseline and -0.24 (-0.99-0.71) at month 12; P = 0.116], whereas increase in Hp(-) group [-0.38 (-1.72-0.11) and -0.56 (-1.43-0.46), respectively; P = 0.249]. HSENSI was significantly decreased only in Hp(+) group [1.0 (1.0-2.0) at baseline and 1.0 (0-1.0) at month 12; P = 0.048]. Conclusions Hp eradication had no long-term effect on hepatic steatosis, but showed a trend towards improvement in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score and HSENSI. These results warrant larger studies with paired biopsies.
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Polyzos SA, Mantzoros CS. Necessity for timely noninvasive diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Metabolism 2014; 63:161-7. [PMID: 24290839 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2013.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stergios A Polyzos
- Department of Medicine, Second Medical Clinic, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Christos S Mantzoros
- Boston VA Healthcare system and Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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