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Zhang K, Potter RF, Marino J, Muenks CE, Lammers MG, Dien Bard J, Dingle TC, Humphries R, Westblade LF, Burnham CAD, Dantas G. Comparative genomics reveals the correlations of stress response genes and bacteriophages in developing antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus saprophyticus. mSystems 2023; 8:e0069723. [PMID: 38051037 PMCID: PMC10734486 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00697-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Staphylococcus saprophyticus is the second most common bacteria associated with urinary tract infections (UTIs) in women. The antimicrobial treatment regimen for uncomplicated UTI is normally nitrofurantoin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX), or a fluoroquinolone without routine susceptibility testing of S. saprophyticus recovered from urine specimens. However, TMP-SMX-resistant S. saprophyticus has been detected recently in UTI patients, as well as in our cohort. Herein, we investigated the understudied resistance patterns of this pathogenic species by linking genomic antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) content to susceptibility phenotypes. We describe ARG associations with known and novel SCCmec configurations as well as phage elements in S. saprophyticus, which may serve as intervention or diagnostic targets to limit resistance transmission. Our analyses yielded a comprehensive database of phenotypic data associated with the ARG sequence in clinical S. saprophyticus isolates, which will be crucial for resistance surveillance and prediction to enable precise diagnosis and effective treatment of S. saprophyticus UTIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailun Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Laboratory and Genomic Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Robert F. Potter
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Laboratory and Genomic Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jamie Marino
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Carol E. Muenks
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Laboratory and Genomic Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Matthew G. Lammers
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Laboratory and Genomic Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jennifer Dien Bard
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Tanis C. Dingle
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Romney Humphries
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Lars F. Westblade
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Carey-Ann D. Burnham
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Laboratory and Genomic Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Gautam Dantas
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Laboratory and Genomic Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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de Alcântara LP, Santana JA, Clark Xavier RG, Tinoco HP, Coelho CM, Dos Santos DO, Santos RL, Nogueira de Carvalho MP, Silveira Silva RO. ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS SPP. ISOLATED FROM FELIDS AND CANIDS IN BELO HORIZONTE ZOO, BRAZIL. J Zoo Wildl Med 2023; 54:584-592. [PMID: 37817625 DOI: 10.1638/2022-0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The epidemiology of Staphylococcus spp. has become a major concern among humans and animals due to increasing antimicrobial resistance and frequent reports of infection. Despite the importance of animals as reservoirs for staphylococci, little is known about the epidemiology of Staphylococcus spp. in most nondomestic species, including canids and felids. This study evaluated the frequency, distribution, and patterns of antimicrobial resistance of staphylococcal species isolated from captive felids and canids from Belo Horizonte Zoo, Brazil. Rectal, oral, and nasal swabs from apparently healthy maned wolves (Chrysocyon brachyurus, n= 7), a lion (Panthera leo, n = 1), jaguars (Panthera onca, n = 3), and one swab of a cougar (Puma concolor) with an ear infection were streaked onto mannitol salt agar. Colonies identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry, polymerase chain reaction for the Staphylococcus intermedius group (SIG), and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility tests and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius strains were subjected to multilocus sequence typing. Staphylococcus species were isolated from 24 of the 34 samples (70.6%). Among the isolated strains, S. pseudintermedius and Staphylococcus felis were the most frequent species (41.7 and 25%, respectively). Five novel sequence types were identified among the S. pseudintermedius isolates. Resistance to tetracycline (7/24, 29.2%) or penicillin (6/23, 26.1%) was significantly higher than the other antimicrobial agents tested (P < 0.05). One isolate, Staphylococcus nepalensis, was positive for mecA and resistant to five antimicrobials, and was thus classified as multidrug-resistant. The present work suggests that maned wolves are natural hosts of SIG and also reports the isolation of S. felis in sick and healthy, captive, nondomestic carnivores. The isolated staphylococci were susceptible to most classes of antimicrobials tested. However, the multidrug-resistance capability of an S. nepalensis strain reinforces the hypothesis that felids and canids act as reservoirs of pathogens with antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jordana Almeida Santana
- Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, 31270-901
| | | | - Herlandes Penha Tinoco
- Municipal Parks and Zoobotanic Foundation of Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, 31365-450
| | - Carlyle Mendes Coelho
- Municipal Parks and Zoobotanic Foundation of Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, 31365-450
| | | | - Renato Lima Santos
- Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, 31270-901
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Rafiee M, Ghaemi EA. Detection of virulence genes among Staphylococcus saprophyticus isolated from women with urinary tract infections: first report from Iran. BMC Res Notes 2023; 16:206. [PMID: 37697340 PMCID: PMC10496302 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-023-06481-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present study was to investigate the biofilm production, and the presence of virulence genes and biochemical characteristics among the S. saprophyticus clinical isolates. A total of 35 clinical isolates of S. saprophyticus were collected from patients referred to several hospitals. By the crystal violet staining method, the capability of biofilm formation was performed. The genes associated with surface of S. saprophyticus were investigated by the PCR-sequencing techniques. Hemagglutination and lipase activity assays were also performed. RESULTS The results of crystal violet staining assay showed that 32 isolates (91%) form biofilm. Moreover, seven (20%), 13 (37%), and 12(34%) isolates were categorized as weak, moderate, and strong biofilm producers, respectively. virulence genes including UafA, Aas and Ssp had an overall prevalence of 88%, 91% and 80%, respectively. None of the isolates exhibited lipolytic activities. Regarding hemagglutination properties, only 11 (31%) isolates demonstrated hemagglutination of sheep erythrocytes. The results of this study indicate a high prevalence of UafA and Aas genes that can enhance the pathogenicity of S. saprophyticus, and Identification and better understanding of the functions of these genes can be used for therapeutic purposes. Maybe in the future we will be switch to anti-adhesion therapy because of drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Rafiee
- Laboratory Sciences Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ezzat Allah Ghaemi
- Laboratory Sciences Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
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Youngblom MA, Imhoff MR, Smyth LM, Mohamed MA, Pepperell CS. Portrait of a generalist bacterium: pathoadaptation, metabolic specialization and extreme environments shape diversity of Staphylococcus saprophyticus. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.18.553882. [PMID: 37645846 PMCID: PMC10462137 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.18.553882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus saprophyticus is a Gram-positive, coagulase-negative staphylococcus found in diverse environments including soil and freshwater, meat, and dairy foods. S. saprophyticus is also an important cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in humans, and mastitis in cattle. However, the genetic determinants of virulence have not yet been identified, and it remains unclear whether there are distinct sub-populations adapted to human and animal hosts. Using a diverse sample of S. saprophyticus isolates from food, animals, environmental sources, and human infections, we characterized the population structure and diversity of global populations of S. saprophyticus . We found that divergence of the two major clades of S. saprophyticus is likely facilitated by barriers to horizontal gene transfer (HGT) and differences in metabolism. Using genome-wide association study (GWAS) tools we identified the first Type VII secretion system (T7SS) described in S. saprophyticus and its association with bovine mastitis. Finally, we found that in general, strains of S. saprophyticus from different niches are genetically similar with the exception of built environments, which function as a 'sink' for S. saprophyticus populations. This work increases our understanding of the ecology of S. saprophyticus and of the genomics of bacterial generalists. Data summary Raw sequencing data for newly sequenced S. saprophyticus isolates have been deposited to the NCBI SRA under the project accession PRJNA928770. A list of all genomes used in this work and their associated metadata are available in the supplementary material. Custom scripts used in the comparative genomics and GWAS analyses are available here: https://github.com/myoungblom/sapro_genomics . Impact statement It is not known whether human and cattle diseases caused by S. saprophyticus represent spillover events from a generalist adapted to survive in a range of environments, or whether the capacity to cause disease represents a specific adaptation. Seasonal cycles of S. saprophyticus UTIs and molecular epidemiological evidence suggest that these infections may be environmentally-acquired rather than via transmission from person to person. Using comparative genomics and genome wide association study tools, we found that S. saprophyticus appears adapted to inhabit a wide range of environments (generalist), with isolates from animals, food, natural environments and human infections being closely related. Bacteria that routinely switch environments, particularly between humans and animals, are of particular concern when it comes to the spread of antibiotic resistance from farm environments into human populations. This work provides a framework for comparative genomic analyses of bacterial generalists and furthers our understanding of how bacterial populations move between humans, animals, and the environment.
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Scollo A, Perrucci A, Stella MC, Ferrari P, Robino P, Nebbia P. Biosecurity and Hygiene Procedures in Pig Farms: Effects of a Tailor-Made Approach as Monitored by Environmental Samples. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13071262. [PMID: 37048519 PMCID: PMC10093544 DOI: 10.3390/ani13071262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In livestock, the importance of hygiene management is gaining importance within the context of biosecurity. The aim of this study was to monitor the implementation of biosecurity and hygiene procedures in 20 swine herds over a 12-month period, as driven by tailor-made plans, including training on-farm. The measure of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) environmental contents was used as an output biomarker. The presence of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) and extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-E. coli) was also investigated as sentinels of antibiotic resistance. A significant biosecurity improvement (p = 0.006) and a reduction in the ATP content in the sanitised environment (p = 0.039) were observed. A cluster including 6/20 farms greatly improved both biosecurity and ATP contents, while the remaining 14/20 farms ameliorated them only slightly. Even if the ESBL-E. coli prevalence (30.0%) after the hygiene procedures significantly decreased, the prevalence of LA-MRSA (22.5%) was unaffected. Despite the promising results supporting the adoption of tailor-made biosecurity plans and the measure of environmental ATP as an output biomarker, the high LA-MRSA prevalence still detected at the end of the study underlines the importance of improving even more biosecurity and farm hygiene in a one-health approach aimed to preserve also the pig workers health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Scollo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Alice Perrucci
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Ferrari
- CRPA Research Centre for Animal Production, 42121 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Patrizia Robino
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Patrizia Nebbia
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
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Concentrations, Size Distribution, and Community Structure Characteristics of Culturable Airborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria in Xinxiang, Central China. ATMOSPHERE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos12081077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is considered an important threat to global health and has recently attracted significant attention from the public. In this study, the concentrations and size distribution characteristics of culturable airborne total bacteria (TB) and four antibiotic-resistant bacteria (tetracycline-resistant bacteria (TRB), ciprofloxacin-resistant bacteria (CRB), erythromycin-resistant bacteria (ERB), and ampicillin-resistant bacteria (ARB)) were investigated for approximately one year to explore their variations under different seasons, diurnal periods, and air quality levels. The concentrations of TB and four antibiotic-resistant bacteria in winter and night were higher than during other seasons and diurnal periods. Their maximum concentrations were detected from air under moderate pollution or heavy pollution. PM2.5, PM10, SO2, and NO2 were positively related to TB and four antibiotic-resistant bacteria (p < 0.01), whereas O3 and wind speed were negatively related to them (p < 0.05). The particle size of TB and four antibiotic-resistant bacteria were mainly distributed in stage V (1.1–2.2 µm). Bacillus was the dominant genus of ARB (75.97%) and CRB (25.67%). Staphylococcus and Macrococcus were the dominant genera of TRB (46.05%) and ERB (47.67%), respectively. The opportunistic pathogens of Micrococcus, Sphingomonas, Enterococcus, Rhodococcus, and Stenotrophomonas were also identified. This study provides important references for understanding the threat of bioaerosols to human health.
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Ahmad F, Farooq A, Khan MUG. Deep Learning Model for Pathogen Classification Using Feature Fusion and Data Augmentation. Curr Bioinform 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1574893615999200707143535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Bacterial pathogens are deadly for animals and humans. The ease of their dissemination, coupled
with their high capacity for ailment and death in infected individuals, makes them a threat to society.
Objective:
Due to high similarity among genera and species of pathogens, it is sometimes difficult for microbiologists to
differentiate between them. Their automatic classification using deep-learning models can help in reliable, and accurate
outcomes.
Method:
Deep-learning models, namely; AlexNet, GoogleNet, ResNet101, and InceptionV3 are used with numerous
variations including training model from scratch, fine-tuning without pre-trained weights, fine-tuning along with freezing
weights of initial layers, fine-tuning along with adjusting weights of all layers and augmenting the dataset by random
translation and reflection. Moreover, as the dataset is small, fine-tuning and data augmentation strategies are applied to
avoid overfitting and produce a generalized model. A merged feature vector is produced using two best-performing models
and accuracy is calculated by xgboost algorithm on the feature vector by applying cross-validation.
Results:
Fine-tuned models where augmentation is applied produces the best results. Out of these, two-best-performing
deep models i.e. (ResNet101, and InceptionV3) selected for feature fusion, produced a similar validation accuracy of 95.83
with a loss of 0.0213 and 0.1066, and a testing accuracy of 97.92 and 93.75, respectively. The proposed model used xgboost
to attained a classification accuracy of 98.17% by using 35-folds cross-validation.
Conclusion:
The automatic classification using these models can help experts in the correct identification of pathogens.
Consequently, they can help in controlling epidemics and thereby minimizing the socio-economic impact on the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fareed Ahmad
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Farooq
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman Ghani Khan
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
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Chen L, Hu JX, Liu C, Liu J, Ma ZB, Tang ZY, Li YF, Zeng ZL. Identification of the Multiresistance Gene poxtA in Oxazolidinone-Susceptible Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Staphylococcus saprophyticus of Pig and Feed Origins. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10050601. [PMID: 34069037 PMCID: PMC8156375 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10050601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies on the prevalence and transmission mechanism of oxazolidinone resistance gene poxtA in CoNS are lacking, which this study addresses. By screening 763 CoNS isolates from different sources of several livestock farms in Guangdong, China, 2018–2020, we identified that the poxtA was present in seven CoNS isolates of pig and feed origins. Species identification and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) confirmed that seven poxtA-positive CoNS isolates were composed of five ST64-Staphylococcus haemolyticus and two Staphylococcus saprophyticus isolates. All poxtA-positive Staphylococcus haemolyticus isolates shared similar pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns. Transformation assays demonstrated all poxtA-positive isolates were able to transfer poxtA gene to Staphylococcus aureus RN4220. S1-PFGE and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) revealed the presence of poxtA-carrying plasmids in size around 54.7 kb. The plasmid pY80 was 55,758 bp in size and harbored the heavy metal resistance gene czcD and antimicrobial resistance genes, poxtA, aadD, fexB and tet(L). The regions (IS1216E-poxtA-IS1216E) in plasmid pY80 were identified in Staphylococcus spp. and Enterococcus spp. with different genetic and source backgrounds. In conclusion, this was the first report about the poxtA gene in Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Staphylococcus saprophyticus, and IS1216 may play an important role in the dissemination of poxtA among different Gram-positive bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (L.C.); (J.-X.H.); (C.L.); (J.L.); (Z.-B.M.); (Z.-Y.T.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Public Monitoring Center of Agro-Product of Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jian-Xin Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (L.C.); (J.-X.H.); (C.L.); (J.L.); (Z.-B.M.); (Z.-Y.T.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chang Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (L.C.); (J.-X.H.); (C.L.); (J.L.); (Z.-B.M.); (Z.-Y.T.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jiao Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (L.C.); (J.-X.H.); (C.L.); (J.L.); (Z.-B.M.); (Z.-Y.T.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhen-Bao Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (L.C.); (J.-X.H.); (C.L.); (J.L.); (Z.-B.M.); (Z.-Y.T.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zi-Yun Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (L.C.); (J.-X.H.); (C.L.); (J.L.); (Z.-B.M.); (Z.-Y.T.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ya-Fei Li
- Public Monitoring Center of Agro-Product of Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Correspondence: (Y.-F.L.); (Z.-L.Z.); Tel./Fax: +86-20-85284896 (Z.-L.Z.)
| | - Zhen-Ling Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (L.C.); (J.-X.H.); (C.L.); (J.L.); (Z.-B.M.); (Z.-Y.T.)
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence: (Y.-F.L.); (Z.-L.Z.); Tel./Fax: +86-20-85284896 (Z.-L.Z.)
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Wang Z, Han L, Liu J, Yao M. Refrigeration temperature enhanced synergistic interaction of curcumin and 460 nm light-emitting diode against Staphylococcus saprophyticus at neutral pH. FOOD QUALITY AND SAFETY 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/fqsafe/fyaa029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
As considered highly resistant to antibiotics like mecillinam, the rise of Staphylococcus saprophyticus (S. saprophyticus) contamination of fresh foods and food processing environments necessitates the development of a new antimicrobial approach for food safety control. This study aimed to investigate the synergistic effect of food-grade curcumin (CUR) and blue light-emitting diode (LED) on S. saprophyticus.
Materials and Methods
S. saprophyticus was subjected to the synergistic treatment at 4 and 25 °C. The influence of parameters, including CUR concentration, light dose, and pH incubation time on the inactivation of S. saprophyticus was characterized through plate counting method.
Results:
The combined treatment of CUR and blue light irradiation significantly (P < 0.05) reduced bacterial counts and the antimicrobial effect was in a CUR concentration and light dose-dependent manner. Moreover, refrigeration temperature (4 °C) significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced the antibacterial effect at neutral pH condition (6.2–7.2), resulting in approximately 6.0 log reductions. Under acidic condition (pH 2.2–5.2), there was no significant difference in bacterial population reduction between treatments at both temperatures.
Conclusions
These findings proposed that synergistic interaction of CUR and 460 nm LED under refrigerated temperature could enhance the inactivation of S. saprophyticus at neutral pH condition.
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Prevalence of virulence genes in Staphylococcus saprophyticus isolated from women with urinary tract infections in Lagos State. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2020.e00626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Matanza XM, Osorio CR. Exposure of the Opportunistic Marine Pathogen Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae to Human Body Temperature Is a Stressful Condition That Shapes the Transcriptome, Viability, Cell Morphology, and Virulence. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1771. [PMID: 32849395 PMCID: PMC7396505 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae (Pdd), an important pathogen for marine animals, is also an opportunistic human pathogen that can cause fatal necrotizing fasciitis. The regulatory changes triggered by the temperature shift experienced by this marine pathogen upon entering the human body, are completely unknown. Here we report an RNA-seq approach combined with phenotypical assays to study the response of Pdd to cultivation at 37°C in comparison to 25°C. We found that cultivation of a Pdd highly virulent strain for fish and mice, RM-71, at 37°C, initially enhanced bacterial growth in comparison to 25°C as evidenced by the increase in optical density. However, cells were found to undergo a progressive loss of viability after 6 h cultivation at 37°C, and no viable cells could be detected from 30 h cultures at 37°C. In contrast, at 25°C, viable cell counts achieved the highest values at 30 h cultivation. Cells grown at 25°C showed normal rod morphology by scanning electron microscopy analysis whereas cells grown at 37°C exhibited chain-like structures and aberrant long shapes suggesting a defect in daughter cell separation and in septum formation. Cells grown at 37°C also exhibited reduced tolerance to benzylpenicillin. Using a RNA-seq approach we discovered that growth at 37°C triggered a heat-shock response, whereas genes involved in motility and virulence were repressed including iron acquisition systems, the type two secretion system, and damselysin toxin, a major virulence factor of Pdd. Human isolates did not exhibit advantage growing at 37°C compared to fish isolates, and comparative genomics did not reveal gene markers specific of human isolates, suggesting that any Pdd genotype existing in the marine environment might potentially cause disease in humans. Altogether, these data indicate that the potential of Pdd to cause disease in humans is an accidental condition rather than a selected trait, and that human body temperature constitutes a stressful condition for Pdd. This study provides the first transcriptome profile of Pdd exposed at human body temperature, and unveils a number of candidate molecular targets for prevention and control of human infections caused by this pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xosé M Matanza
- Departamento de Microbioloxía e Parasitoloxía, Instituto de Acuicultura, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carlos R Osorio
- Departamento de Microbioloxía e Parasitoloxía, Instituto de Acuicultura, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Rapun-Araiz B, Haag AF, Solano C, Lasa I. The impact of two-component sensorial network in staphylococcal speciation. Curr Opin Microbiol 2020; 55:40-47. [PMID: 32199334 PMCID: PMC7322546 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria use two-component systems (TCSs) to sense and respond to their environments. Free-living bacteria usually contain dozens of TCSs, each of them responsible for sensing and responding to a different range of signals. Differences in the content of two-component systems are related with the capacity of the bacteria to colonize different niches or improve the efficiency to grow under the conditions of the existing niche. This review highlights differences in the TCS content between Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus saprophyticus as a case study to exemplify how the ability to sense and respond to the environment is relevant for bacterial capacity to colonize and survive in/on different body surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Rapun-Araiz
- Laboratory of Microbial Pathogenesis, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN)-Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IDISNA, Pamplona, 31008, Spain
| | - Andreas F Haag
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Cristina Solano
- Laboratory of Microbial Pathogenesis, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN)-Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IDISNA, Pamplona, 31008, Spain
| | - Iñigo Lasa
- Laboratory of Microbial Pathogenesis, Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN)-Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IDISNA, Pamplona, 31008, Spain.
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Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Pathogenomics. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20051215. [PMID: 30862021 PMCID: PMC6429511 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CoNS) are skin commensal bacteria. Besides their role in maintaining homeostasis, CoNS have emerged as major pathogens in nosocomial settings. Several studies have investigated the molecular basis for this emergence and identified multiple putative virulence factors with regards to Staphylococcus aureus pathogenicity. In the last decade, numerous CoNS whole-genome sequences have been released, leading to the identification of numerous putative virulence factors. Koch’s postulates and the molecular rendition of these postulates, established by Stanley Falkow in 1988, do not explain the microbial pathogenicity of CoNS. However, whole-genome sequence data has shed new light on CoNS pathogenicity. In this review, we analyzed the contribution of genomics in defining CoNS virulence, focusing on the most frequent and pathogenic CoNS species: S. epidermidis, S. haemolyticus, S. saprophyticus, S. capitis, and S. lugdunensis.
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Pathogenic flora composition and overview of the trends used for bacterial pathogenicity identifications. Microb Pathog 2018; 121:139-146. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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