A sensitive electrochemical sensor for bisphenol F detection and its application in evaluating cytotoxicity

Electrochemical Detection of Bisphenol A Based on Gold Nanoparticles/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes: Applications on Glassy Carbon and Screen Printed Electrodes

Bisphenol A (BPA) has been classified as an endocrine-disrupting substance that may cause adverse effects on human health and the environment. The development of simple and sensitive electrochemical biosensors is crucial for the rapid and effective quantitative determination of BPA. This work presents a study on electrochemical sensors utilizing gold nanoparticle-modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNT/AuNPs). Glassy carbon electrodes (GCEs) and screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) were conveniently modified and used for BPA detection. AuNPs were electrodeposited onto the CNT-modified electrodes using the galvanostatic method. The electrodes were properly modified and characterized by using Raman spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance analysis (EIS). The electrochemical response of the sensors was studied using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and constant potential amperometry (CPA) for modified GCE and SPE electrodes, respectively, and the main analytical parameters were studied and optimized. Problems encountered with the use of GCEs, such as sensor degradation and high limit of detection (LOD), were overcome by using modified SPEs and a flow injection device for the measurements. Under this approach, an LOD as low as 5 nM (S/N = 3) was achieved and presented a linear range up to 20 μM. Finally, our investigation addressed interference, reproducibility, and reusability aspects, successfully identifying BPA in both spiked and authentic samples, including commercial and tap waters. These findings underscore the practical applicability of our method for accurate BPA detection in real-world scenarios. Notably, the integration of SPEs and a flow injection device facilitated simplified automation, offering an exceptionally efficient and reliable solution for precise BPA detection in water analysis laboratories.

Recent advances in electrochemical cell-based biosensors for food analysis: Strategies for sensor construction

Owing to their advantages such as great specificity, sensitivity, rapidity, and possibility of noninvasive and real-time monitoring, electrochemical cell-based biosensors (ECBBs) have been a powerful tool for food analysis encompassing the areas of nutrition, flavor, and safety. Notably, the distinctive biological relevance of ECBBs enables them to mimic physiological environments and reflect cellular behaviors, leading to valuable insights into the biological function of target components in food. Compared with previous reviews, this review fills the current gap in the narrative of ECBB construction strategies. The review commences by providing an overview of the materials and configuration of ECBBs, including cell types, cell immobilization strategies, electrode modification materials, and electrochemical sensing types. Subsequently, a detailed discussion is presented on the fabrication strategies of ECBBs in food analysis applications, which are categorized based on distinct signal sources. Lastly, we summarize the merits, drawbacks, and application scope of these diverse strategies, and discuss the current challenges and future perspectives of ECBBs. Consequently, this review provides guidance for the design of ECBBs with specific functions and promotes the application of ECBBs in food analysis.

Simple preparation of surface molecularly imprinted polymer based on silica particles for trace level assay of bisphenol F

A new electrochemical sensor based on molecularly imprinted tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS)-based porous interface was developed for selective recognition of bisphenol F (BPF) in this study. The sensor was prepared by depositing the solution containing TEOS and L-tryptophan (L-Trp) in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as a pore-maker via hydrolysis/condensation reaction on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE). While the surface morphology and structure characterization were carried out using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrochemical characterization was performed through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The resulted MIP(TEOS:L-Trp)@GCE achieved a wide linear range of 1 × 10^-15-1 × 10^-14 M for BPF detection with an excellent detection limit of 0.291 fM. Furthermore, the recovery of BPF from spiked bottled water and serum samples varied between 98.83 and 101.03%. These results demonstrate that MIP(TEOS:L-Trp)@GCE was found to be a simple, sensitive, and selective smart interface to detect trace pollution even from complicated samples.