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Mani J, Johnson J, Hosking H, Schmidt L, Batley R, du Preez R, Broszczak D, Walsh K, Neilsen P, Naiker M. Bioassay-Guided Fractionation of Pittosporum angustifolium and Terminalia ferdinandiana with Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy and Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy Exploratory Study. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:807. [PMID: 38592847 PMCID: PMC10974205 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Bioprospecting native Australian plants offers the potential discovery of latent and novel bioactive compounds. The promising cytotoxic and antibacterial activity of methanolic extracts of Pittosporum angustifolium and Terminalia ferdinandiana led to further fractionation and isolation using our laboratory's bioassay-guided fractionation protocol. Hence, the aim of this study was to further evaluate the bioactivity of the fractions and subfractions and characterize bioactive compounds using liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS) and gas chromatography MS (GC-MS). Compounds tentatively identified in P. angustifolium Fraction 1 using LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS were chlorogenic acid and/or neochlorogenic acid, bergapten, berberine, 8'-epitanegool and rosmarinic acid. GC-MS analysis data showed the presence of around 100 compounds, mainly comprising carboxylic acids, sugars, sugar alcohols, amino acids and monoalkylglycerols. Furthermore, the fractions obtained from T. ferdinandiana flesh extracts showed no cytotoxicity, except against HT29 cell lines, and only Fraction 2 exhibited some antibacterial activity. The reduced bioactivity observed in the T. ferdinandiana fractions could be attributed to the potential loss of synergy as compounds become separated within the fractions. As a result, the further fractionation and separation of compounds in these samples was not pursued. However, additional dose-dependent studies are warranted to validate the bioactivity of T. ferdinandiana flesh fractions, particularly since this is an understudied species. Moreover, LC-MS/GC-MS studies confirm the presence of bioactive compounds in P. angustifolium Fraction 1/subfractions, which helps to explain the significant acute anticancer activity of this plant. The screening process designed in this study has the potential to pave the way for developing scientifically validated phytochemical/bioactivity information on ethnomedicinal plants, thereby facilitating further bioprospecting efforts and supporting the discovery of novel drugs in modern medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janice Mani
- College of Science and Sustainability, CQUniversity, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia; (J.J.); (H.H.); (R.B.); (R.d.P.); (K.W.); (P.N.); (M.N.)
- Institute for Future Farming Systems, CQUniversity, Bundaberg, QLD 4670, Australia
| | - Joel Johnson
- College of Science and Sustainability, CQUniversity, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia; (J.J.); (H.H.); (R.B.); (R.d.P.); (K.W.); (P.N.); (M.N.)
- Institute for Future Farming Systems, CQUniversity, Bundaberg, QLD 4670, Australia
| | - Holly Hosking
- College of Science and Sustainability, CQUniversity, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia; (J.J.); (H.H.); (R.B.); (R.d.P.); (K.W.); (P.N.); (M.N.)
| | - Luke Schmidt
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; (L.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Ryan Batley
- College of Science and Sustainability, CQUniversity, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia; (J.J.); (H.H.); (R.B.); (R.d.P.); (K.W.); (P.N.); (M.N.)
| | - Ryan du Preez
- College of Science and Sustainability, CQUniversity, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia; (J.J.); (H.H.); (R.B.); (R.d.P.); (K.W.); (P.N.); (M.N.)
| | - Daniel Broszczak
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; (L.S.); (D.B.)
| | - Kerry Walsh
- College of Science and Sustainability, CQUniversity, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia; (J.J.); (H.H.); (R.B.); (R.d.P.); (K.W.); (P.N.); (M.N.)
- Institute for Future Farming Systems, CQUniversity, Bundaberg, QLD 4670, Australia
| | - Paul Neilsen
- College of Science and Sustainability, CQUniversity, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia; (J.J.); (H.H.); (R.B.); (R.d.P.); (K.W.); (P.N.); (M.N.)
| | - Mani Naiker
- College of Science and Sustainability, CQUniversity, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia; (J.J.); (H.H.); (R.B.); (R.d.P.); (K.W.); (P.N.); (M.N.)
- Institute for Future Farming Systems, CQUniversity, Bundaberg, QLD 4670, Australia
- Jawun Research Centre, Cairns, QLD 4870, Australia
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Li J, Liu H, Mazhar MS, Quddus S, Agar OT, Suleria HAR. Australian Native Plum: A Review of the Phytochemical and Health Effects. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2023.2172428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxun Li
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Haoyao Liu
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Muhammad Sohail Mazhar
- Department of Industry, Tourism and Trade of the Northern Territory Government, Darwin, NT, Australia
| | - Salman Quddus
- Department of Industry, Tourism and Trade of the Northern Territory Government, Darwin, NT, Australia
| | - Osman Tuncay Agar
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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Mani J, Johnson J, Hosking H, Hoyos BE, Walsh KB, Neilsen P, Naiker M. Bioassay Guided Fractionation Protocol for Determining Novel Active Compounds in Selected Australian Flora. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2886. [PMID: 36365337 PMCID: PMC9654191 DOI: 10.3390/plants11212886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A large variety of unique and distinct flora of Australia have developed exceptional survival methods and phytochemicals and hence may provide a significant avenue for new drug discovery. This study proposes a bioassay guided fractionation protocol that maybe robust and efficient in screening plants with potential bioactive properties and isolating lead novel compounds. Hence, five native Australian plants were selected for this screening process, namely Pittosporum angustifolium (Gumbi gumbi), Terminalia ferdinandiana (Kakadu plum, seeds (KPS), and flesh (KPF)), Cupaniopsis anacardioides (Tuckeroo, seeds (TKS) and flesh (TKF)), Podocarpus elatus (Illawarra plum, seeds (IPS) and flesh (IPF)) and Pleiogynium timoriense (Burdekin plum, seeds (BPS) and flesh (BPF)). The methanolic extracts of the plants samples were analysed for Total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant capacity measure by FRAP. The highest values were found in the KPF which were 20,847 ± 2322 mg GAE/100 g TPC and 100,494 ± 9487 mg TXE/100 g antioxidant capacity. Extracts of GGL was deemed to be most potent with complete cell inhibition in HeLa and HT29, and about 95% inhibition in HuH7 cells. Comparative activity was also seen for KPS extract, where more than 80% cell inhibition occurred in all tested cell lines. Dose-dependent studies showed higher SI values (0.72–1.02) in KPS extracts than GGL (0.5–0.73). Microbial assays of the crude extracts were also performed against five bacterial strains commonly associated with causing food poisoning diseases were selected (Gram positive—Staphylococcus aureus and Gram negative—Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria). KPF extracts were effective in suppressing microbial growth of all tested bacterial strains except for P. aeruginosa, while TKS and TKF were only slightly effective against S. aureus. Due to the potential of the GGL crude extract to completely inhibit the cells compared to KPS, it was further fractionated and tested against the cell lines. HPLC phenolic profiling of the crude extracts were performed, and numerous peak overlaps were evident in the fruit extracts. The KPF extracts demonstrated the strongest peaks which was coherent with the fact that it had the highest TPC and antioxidant capacity values. A high occurrence of t-ferulic acid in the GGL extracts was found which may explain the cytotoxic activity of GGL extracts. Peaks in KPS and KPF extracts were tentatively identified as gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and syringic acid and possibly ellagic acid. HPLC time-based fractionation of the GGL extract (F1–F5) was performed and Dose dependent cytotoxic effects were determined. It was construed that F1, having the highest SI value for HeLa, HT29 and HuH7 (1.60, 1.41 and 1.67, respectively) would be promising for further fractionation and isolation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janice Mani
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bruce Hwy, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia; (J.J.); (H.H.); (B.E.H.); (K.B.W.); (P.N.); (M.N.)
- Institute of Future Farming Systems, Central Queensland University, Bruce Hwy, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia
| | - Joel Johnson
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bruce Hwy, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia; (J.J.); (H.H.); (B.E.H.); (K.B.W.); (P.N.); (M.N.)
- Institute of Future Farming Systems, Central Queensland University, Bruce Hwy, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia
| | - Holly Hosking
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bruce Hwy, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia; (J.J.); (H.H.); (B.E.H.); (K.B.W.); (P.N.); (M.N.)
| | - Beatriz E. Hoyos
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bruce Hwy, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia; (J.J.); (H.H.); (B.E.H.); (K.B.W.); (P.N.); (M.N.)
- Institute of Future Farming Systems, Central Queensland University, Bruce Hwy, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia
| | - Kerry B. Walsh
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bruce Hwy, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia; (J.J.); (H.H.); (B.E.H.); (K.B.W.); (P.N.); (M.N.)
- Institute of Future Farming Systems, Central Queensland University, Bruce Hwy, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia
| | - Paul Neilsen
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bruce Hwy, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia; (J.J.); (H.H.); (B.E.H.); (K.B.W.); (P.N.); (M.N.)
| | - Mani Naiker
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bruce Hwy, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia; (J.J.); (H.H.); (B.E.H.); (K.B.W.); (P.N.); (M.N.)
- Institute of Future Farming Systems, Central Queensland University, Bruce Hwy, North Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia
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