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Xu J, Li Y, Yao S, Jin X, Yang M, Guo Q, Qiu R, Lei B. Preservation of Mitochondrial Function by SkQ1 in Skin Fibroblasts Derived from Patients with Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy Is Associated with the PINK1/PRKN-Mediated Mitophagy. Biomedicines 2024; 12:2020. [PMID: 39335534 PMCID: PMC11428814 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12092020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Increased or altered mitochondrial ROS production in the retinal ganglion cells is regarded as the chief culprit of the disease-causing Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON). SkQ1 is a rechargeable mitochondria-targeted antioxidant with high specificity and efficiency. SkQ1 has already been used to treat LHON patients, and a phase 2a randomized clinical trial of SkQ1 has demonstrated improvements in eyesight. However, the underlying mechanism of SkQ1 in LHON remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the effects and molecular mechanism of SkQ1 in the preservation of mitochondrial function using skin fibroblasts derived from LHON patients. Our study found that SkQ1 could reduce ROS production and stabilize the mitochondrial membrane. Mechanistically, through network pharmacology and molecular docking, we identified the key targets of SkQ1 as SOD2 and PINK1, which play crucial roles in redox and mitophagy. SkQ1 interacted with PINK1 and downregulated its expression to balance mitochondrial homeostasis. Collectively, the findings of our study reveal that by regulating PINK1/PRKN-mediated mitophagy, SkQ1 preserves mitochondrial function in LHON fibroblasts. The data indicate that SkQ1 may be a novel therapeutic intervention to prevent the progression of LHON.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Xu
- Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- Eye Institute, Henan Academy of Innovations in Medical Science, Zhengzhou 451163, China
| | - Yan Li
- Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- Eye Institute, Henan Academy of Innovations in Medical Science, Zhengzhou 451163, China
| | - Shun Yao
- Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- Eye Institute, Henan Academy of Innovations in Medical Science, Zhengzhou 451163, China
| | - Xiuxiu Jin
- Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- Eye Institute, Henan Academy of Innovations in Medical Science, Zhengzhou 451163, China
| | - Mingzhu Yang
- Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- Eye Institute, Henan Academy of Innovations in Medical Science, Zhengzhou 451163, China
| | - Qingge Guo
- Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Ruiqi Qiu
- Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- Eye Institute, Henan Academy of Innovations in Medical Science, Zhengzhou 451163, China
| | - Bo Lei
- Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- Eye Institute, Henan Academy of Innovations in Medical Science, Zhengzhou 451163, China
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Aleo SJ, Del Dotto V, Romagnoli M, Fiorini C, Capirossi G, Peron C, Maresca A, Caporali L, Capristo M, Tropeano CV, Zanna C, Ross-Cisneros FN, Sadun AA, Pignataro MG, Giordano C, Fasano C, Cavaliere A, Porcelli AM, Tioli G, Musiani F, Catania A, Lamperti C, Marzoli SB, De Negri A, Cascavilla ML, Battista M, Barboni P, Carbonelli M, Amore G, La Morgia C, Smirnov D, Vasilescu C, Farzeen A, Blickhaeuser B, Prokisch H, Priglinger C, Livonius B, Catarino CB, Klopstock T, Tiranti V, Carelli V, Ghelli AM. Genetic variants affecting NQO1 protein levels impact the efficacy of idebenone treatment in Leber hereditary optic neuropathy. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101383. [PMID: 38272025 PMCID: PMC10897523 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Idebenone, the only approved treatment for Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), promotes recovery of visual function in up to 50% of patients, but we can neither predict nor understand the non-responders. Idebenone is reduced by the cytosolic NAD(P)H oxidoreductase I (NQO1) and directly shuttles electrons to respiratory complex III, bypassing complex I affected in LHON. We show here that two polymorphic variants drastically reduce NQO1 protein levels when homozygous or compound heterozygous. This hampers idebenone reduction. In its oxidized form, idebenone inhibits complex I, decreasing respiratory function in cells. By retrospectively analyzing a large cohort of idebenone-treated LHON patients, classified by their response to therapy, we show that patients with homozygous or compound heterozygous NQO1 variants have the poorest therapy response, particularly if carrying the m.3460G>A/MT-ND1 LHON mutation. These results suggest consideration of patient NQO1 genotype and mitochondrial DNA mutation in the context of idebenone therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Jasmine Aleo
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Bologna, Italy; Departments of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Valentina Del Dotto
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Martina Romagnoli
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Fiorini
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giada Capirossi
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Camille Peron
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandra Maresca
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Bologna, Italy
| | - Leonardo Caporali
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mariantonietta Capristo
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Claudia Zanna
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Alfredo A Sadun
- Doheny Eye Institute, Pasadena, CA, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Maria Gemma Pignataro
- Departments of Radiology, Oncology, and Pathology, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Giordano
- Departments of Radiology, Oncology, and Pathology, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Fasano
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Cavaliere
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Porcelli
- Departments of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gaia Tioli
- Departments of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Musiani
- Departments of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessia Catania
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Costanza Lamperti
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Stefania Bianchi Marzoli
- Neuro-Ophthalmology Center and Ocular Electrophysiology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Capitanio Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Michele Carbonelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Amore
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara La Morgia
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Dmitrii Smirnov
- Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Institute of Neurogenomics, Computational Health Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Catalina Vasilescu
- Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Institute of Neurogenomics, Computational Health Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Aiman Farzeen
- Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Institute of Neurogenomics, Computational Health Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Beryll Blickhaeuser
- Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Institute of Neurogenomics, Computational Health Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Holger Prokisch
- Institute of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Institute of Neurogenomics, Computational Health Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia Priglinger
- Department of Ophthalmology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bettina Livonius
- Department of Ophthalmology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia B Catarino
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich Baur Institute, LMU Klinikum, University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Klopstock
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich Baur Institute, LMU Klinikum, University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Valeria Tiranti
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Valerio Carelli
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Anna Maria Ghelli
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Programma di Neurogenetica, Bologna, Italy; Departments of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
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3
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Veselov IM, Vinogradova DV, Maltsev AV, Shevtsov PN, Spirkova EA, Bachurin SO, Shevtsova EF. Mitochondria and Oxidative Stress as a Link between Alzheimer's Disease and Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14450. [PMID: 37833898 PMCID: PMC10572926 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This review is devoted to the problems of the common features linking metabolic disorders and type 2 diabetes with the development of Alzheimer's disease. The pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease closely intersects with the mechanisms of type 2 diabetes development, and an important risk factor for both pathologies is aging. Common pathological mechanisms include both factors in the development of oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, insulin resistance, and amyloidosis, as well as impaired mitochondrial dysfunctions and increasing cell death. The currently available drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease have limited therapeutic efficacy. It is important to note that drugs used to treat Alzheimer's disease, in particular acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, show a positive therapeutic potential in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, while drugs used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes can also prevent a number of pathologies characteristic for Alzheimer's disease. A promising direction in the search for a strategy for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease may be the creation of complex multi-target drugs that have neuroprotective potential and affect specific common targets for type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Elena F. Shevtsova
- Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds at Federal Research Center of Problems of Chemical Physics and Medicinal Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (IPAC RAS), Chernogolovka 142432, Russia; (I.M.V.); (A.V.M.); (P.N.S.); (E.A.S.); (S.O.B.)
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4
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Carvalho C, Moreira PI. Metabolic defects shared by Alzheimer's disease and diabetes: A focus on mitochondria. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2023; 79:102694. [PMID: 36842275 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2023.102694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are two global epidemics that share several metabolic defects, such as insulin resistance, impaired glucose metabolism, and mitochondrial defects. Importantly, strong evidence demonstrates that T2D significantly increases the risk of cognitive decline and dementia, particularly AD. Here, we provide an overview of the metabolic defects that characterize and link both pathologies putting the focus on mitochondria. The biomarker potential of mitochondrial components and the therapeutic potential of some drugs that target and modulate mitochondria are also briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Carvalho
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; CIBB - Center for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; IIIUC - Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Paula I Moreira
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; CIBB - Center for Innovation in Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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5
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Martins S, Santos MJ, Teixeira M, Diogo L, do Carmo Macário M, Marques JP, Fonseca P, Grazina M. GenEye24: Novel rapid screening test for the top-3 Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy pathogenic sequence variants. Mitochondrion 2023; 69:64-70. [PMID: 36716943 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2023.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON) has been mainly (90-95 %) associated to one of three variants: m.3460G>A, m.11778G>A, m.14484T>C. Herein, a screening method was developed for its detection, supporting clinical/therapeutics decision. It relies on real-time PCR with High-Resolution Melting (HRM) analysis. Variant classification is made using HRM Software and quality controls. A total of 101 samples were analyzed. All samples were correctly assigned: 58 wild-type, 35 positive for m.11778G>A, 6 positive for m.14484T>C, 2 positive for m.3460G>A. Results presented sensitivity = 1, specificity = 1, Positive Predictive Value = 1 and Negative Predictive Value = 1. A new Real-Time PCR/HRM screening method cost-efficient, simple, robust and quick, detecting LHON's top-3 is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Martins
- CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (www.cibb.uc.pt/), Coimbra, Portugal; Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biomedicine and Theranostics, CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Biology Department, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Maria João Santos
- CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (www.cibb.uc.pt/), Coimbra, Portugal; Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biomedicine and Theranostics, CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; FMUC - Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Márcia Teixeira
- CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (www.cibb.uc.pt/), Coimbra, Portugal; Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biomedicine and Theranostics, CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luísa Diogo
- CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (www.cibb.uc.pt/), Coimbra, Portugal; FMUC - Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Reference Centre of Inherited Metabolic Diseases - CHUC- Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, EPE, Coimbra, Portugal; CHUC - Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, EPE, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria do Carmo Macário
- CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (www.cibb.uc.pt/), Coimbra, Portugal; FMUC - Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Reference Centre of Inherited Metabolic Diseases - CHUC- Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, EPE, Coimbra, Portugal; CHUC - Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, EPE, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Pedro Marques
- FMUC - Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; CHUC - Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, EPE, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Pedro Fonseca
- CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (www.cibb.uc.pt/), Coimbra, Portugal; FMUC - Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; CHUC - Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, EPE, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Manuela Grazina
- CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (www.cibb.uc.pt/), Coimbra, Portugal; Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biomedicine and Theranostics, CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; FMUC - Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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Hu B, Huang Y, Jakobs TC, Kang Q, Lv Z, Liu W, Wang R. Viability of mitochondria-labeled retinal ganglion cells in organotypic retinal explant cultures by two methods. Exp Eye Res 2023; 226:109311. [PMID: 36403849 PMCID: PMC11003390 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.109311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Retinal explant cultures provide a valuable system to study retinal function in vitro. This study established a new retinal explant culture method to prolong the survival of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Explants were prepared in two different ways: with or without optic nerve. Retinas from newborn mice that had received an injection of MitoTracker Red into the contralateral superior colliculus to label axonal mitochondria were cultured as organotypic culture for 7 days in vitro. At several time points during the culture, viability of RGCs was assessed by multi-electrode array recording, and morphology by immunohistochemical methods. During the culture, the thickness of the retinal tissue in both groups gradually decreased, however, the structure of the layers of the retina could be identified. Massive apoptosis in the retinal ganglion cell layer (GCL) appeared on the first day of culture, thereafter the number of apoptotic cells decreased. Glial activation was observed throughout the culture, and there was no difference in morphology between the two groups. RGCs loss was exacerbated on 3rdday of culture, and RGCs loss in retinal explants with preserved optic nerve was significantly lower than in retinas that did not preserve the optic nerve. More and longer-lasting mitochondrial signals were observed in the injured area of the optic nerve-preserving explants. Retinal explants provide an invaluable tool for studying retinal function and developing treatments for ocular diseases. The optic nerve-preserving culture helps preserve the integrity of RGCs. The higher number of mitochondria in the nerve-preserving cultures may help maintain viability of RGCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoqi Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China; Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710002, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Xi'an No. 1 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710002, China
| | - Yaoyao Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710002, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Xi'an No. 1 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710002, China; Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tatjana C Jakobs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary / Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, 20 Staniford Street, Boston, MA, 02114, United States
| | - Qianyan Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Ziwei Lv
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenxuan Liu
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710002, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Xi'an No. 1 Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710002, China; Shaanxi Institute of Ophthalmology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710002, China.
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7
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Moos WH, Faller DV, Glavas IP, Harpp DN, Kamperi N, Kanara I, Kodukula K, Mavrakis AN, Pernokas J, Pernokas M, Pinkert CA, Powers WR, Sampani K, Steliou K, Tamvakopoulos C, Vavvas DG, Zamboni RJ, Chen X. Treatment and prevention of pathological mitochondrial dysfunction in retinal degeneration and in photoreceptor injury. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 203:115168. [PMID: 35835206 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Pathological deterioration of mitochondrial function is increasingly linked with multiple degenerative illnesses as a mediator of a wide range of neurologic and age-related chronic diseases, including those of genetic origin. Several of these diseases are rare, typically defined in the United States as an illness affecting fewer than 200,000 people in the U.S. population, or about one in 1600 individuals. Vision impairment due to mitochondrial dysfunction in the eye is a prominent feature evident in numerous primary mitochondrial diseases and is common to the pathophysiology of many of the familiar ophthalmic disorders, including age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma and retinopathy of prematurity - a collection of syndromes, diseases and disorders with significant unmet medical needs. Focusing on metabolic mitochondrial pathway mechanisms, including the possible roles of cuproptosis and ferroptosis in retinal mitochondrial dysfunction, we shed light on the potential of α-lipoyl-L-carnitine in treating eye diseases. α-Lipoyl-L-carnitine is a bioavailable mitochondria-targeting lipoic acid prodrug that has shown potential in protecting against retinal degeneration and photoreceptor cell loss in ophthalmic indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter H Moos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Douglas V Faller
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Cancer Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ioannis P Glavas
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - David N Harpp
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Natalia Kamperi
- Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research Pharmacology-Pharmacotechnology, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Anastasios N Mavrakis
- Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, St. Elizabeth's Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julie Pernokas
- Advanced Dental Associates of New England, Woburn, MA, USA
| | - Mark Pernokas
- Advanced Dental Associates of New England, Woburn, MA, USA
| | - Carl A Pinkert
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Whitney R Powers
- Department of Health Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Anatomy, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Konstantina Sampani
- Beetham Eye Institute, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Kosta Steliou
- Cancer Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; PhenoMatriX, Inc., Natick, MA, USA
| | - Constantin Tamvakopoulos
- Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research Pharmacology-Pharmacotechnology, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Demetrios G Vavvas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Retina Service, Angiogenesis Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert J Zamboni
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Retina Service, Angiogenesis Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, USA; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, China.
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8
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Clementi ME, Pizzoferrato M, Bianchetti G, Brancato A, Sampaolese B, Maulucci G, Tringali G. Cytoprotective Effect of Idebenone through Modulation of the Intrinsic Mitochondrial Pathway of Apoptosis in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells Exposed to Oxidative Stress Induced by Hydrogen Peroxide. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020503. [PMID: 35203712 PMCID: PMC8962354 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Idebenone is a ubiquinone short-chain synthetic analog with antioxidant properties, which is believed to restore mitochondrial ATP synthesis. As such, idebenone is investigated in numerous clinical trials for diseases of mitochondrial aetiology and it is authorized as a drug for the treatment of Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy. Mitochondria of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) are particularly vulnerable to oxidative damage associated with cellular senescence. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore idebenone’s cytoprotective effect and its underlying mechanism. We used a human-RPE cell line (ARPE-19) exposed to idebenone pre-treatment for 24 h followed by conditions inducing H2O2 oxidative damage for a further 24 h. We found that idebenone: (a) ameliorated H2O2-lowered cell viability in the RPE culture; (b) activated Nrf2 signaling pathway by promoting Nrf2 nuclear translocation; (c) increased Bcl-2 protein levels, leaving unmodified those of Bax, thereby reducing the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio; (d) maintained the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) at physiological levels, preserving the functionality of mitochondrial respiratory complexes and counteracting the excessive production of ROS; and (e) reduced mitochondrial cytochrome C-mediated caspase-3 activity. Taken together, our findings show that idebenone protects RPE from oxidative damage by modulating the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis, suggesting its possible role in retinal epitheliopathies associated with mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elisabetta Clementi
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC)-CNR, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.E.C.); (B.S.)
| | - Michela Pizzoferrato
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Health Care Surveillance and Bioethics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (G.M.)
| | - Giada Bianchetti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (G.M.)
- Biophysics Section, Neuroscience Department, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Brancato
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties of Excellence “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Beatrice Sampaolese
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC)-CNR, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.E.C.); (B.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Maulucci
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (G.M.)
- Biophysics Section, Neuroscience Department, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Tringali
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Health Care Surveillance and Bioethics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- Biophysics Section, Neuroscience Department, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-063-015-4367
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9
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Geva M, Gershoni-Emek N, Naia L, Ly P, Mota S, Rego AC, Hayden MR, Levin LA. Neuroprotection of retinal ganglion cells by the sigma-1 receptor agonist pridopidine in models of experimental glaucoma. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21975. [PMID: 34753986 PMCID: PMC8578336 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01077-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Optic neuropathies such as glaucoma are characterized by retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration and death. The sigma-1 receptor (S1R) is an attractive target for treating optic neuropathies as it is highly expressed in RGCs, and its absence causes retinal degeneration. Activation of the S1R exerts neuroprotective effects in models of retinal degeneration. Pridopidine is a highly selective and potent S1R agonist in clinical development. We show that pridopidine exerts neuroprotection of retinal ganglion cells in two different rat models of glaucoma. Pridopidine strongly binds melanin, which is highly expressed in the retina. This feature of pridopidine has implications to its ocular distribution, bioavailability, and effective dose. Mitochondria dysfunction is a key contributor to retinal ganglion cell degeneration. Pridopidine rescues mitochondrial function via activation of the S1R, providing support for the potential mechanism driving its neuroprotective effect in retinal ganglion cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luana Naia
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Science and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Philip Ly
- The Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sandra Mota
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Cristina Rego
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- FMUC-Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Michael R Hayden
- Prilenia Therapeutics, Herzliya, Israel
- The Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Leonard A Levin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
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10
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Ding XW, Robinson M, Li R, Aldhowayan H, Geetha T, Babu JR. Mitochondrial dysfunction and beneficial effects of mitochondria-targeted small peptide SS-31 in Diabetes Mellitus and Alzheimer's disease. Pharmacol Res 2021; 171:105783. [PMID: 34302976 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes and Alzheimer's disease are common chronic illnesses in the United States and lack clearly demonstrated therapeutics. Mitochondria, the "powerhouse of the cell", is involved in the homeostatic regulation of glucose, energy, and reduction/oxidation reactions. The mitochondria has been associated with the etiology of metabolic and neurological disorders through a dysfunction of regulation of reactive oxygen species. Mitochondria-targeted chemicals, such as the Szeto-Schiller-31 peptide, have advanced therapeutic potential through the inhibition of oxidative stress and the restoration of normal mitochondrial function as compared to traditional antioxidants, such as vitamin E. In this article, we summarize the pathophysiological relevance of the mitochondria and the beneficial effects of Szeto-Schiller-31 peptide in the treatment of Diabetes and Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wen Ding
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Megan Robinson
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Rongzi Li
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Hadeel Aldhowayan
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Thangiah Geetha
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; Boshell Metabolic Diseases and Diabetes Program, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Jeganathan Ramesh Babu
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; Boshell Metabolic Diseases and Diabetes Program, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
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11
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Carrella S, Massa F, Indrieri A. The Role of MicroRNAs in Mitochondria-Mediated Eye Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:653522. [PMID: 34222230 PMCID: PMC8249810 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.653522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The retina is among the most metabolically active tissues with high-energy demands. The peculiar distribution of mitochondria in cells of retinal layers is necessary to assure the appropriate energy supply for the transmission of the light signal. Photoreceptor cells (PRs), retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), and retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) present a great concentration of mitochondria, which makes them particularly sensitive to mitochondrial dysfunction. To date, visual loss has been extensively correlated to defective mitochondrial functions. Many mitochondrial diseases (MDs) show indeed neuro-ophthalmic manifestations, including retinal and optic nerve phenotypes. Moreover, abnormal mitochondrial functions are frequently found in the most common retinal pathologies, i.e., glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and diabetic retinopathy (DR), that share clinical similarities with the hereditary primary MDs. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are established as key regulators of several developmental, physiological, and pathological processes. Dysregulated miRNA expression profiles in retinal degeneration models and in patients underline the potentiality of miRNA modulation as a possible gene/mutation-independent strategy in retinal diseases and highlight their promising role as disease predictive or prognostic biomarkers. In this review, we will summarize the current knowledge about the participation of miRNAs in both rare and common mitochondria-mediated eye diseases. Definitely, given the involvement of miRNAs in retina pathologies and therapy as well as their use as molecular biomarkers, they represent a determining target for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Filomena Massa
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessia Indrieri
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Naples, Italy.,Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research, National Research Council (CNR), Milan, Italy
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12
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Coenzyme Q 10 Analogues: Benefits and Challenges for Therapeutics. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020236. [PMID: 33557229 PMCID: PMC7913973 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10 or ubiquinone) is a mobile proton and electron carrier of the mitochondrial respiratory chain with antioxidant properties widely used as an antiaging health supplement and to relieve the symptoms of many pathological conditions associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Even though the hegemony of CoQ10 in the context of antioxidant-based treatments is undeniable, the future primacy of this quinone is hindered by the promising features of its numerous analogues. Despite the unimpeachable performance of CoQ10 therapies, problems associated with their administration and intraorganismal delivery has led clinicians and scientists to search for alternative derivative molecules. Over the past few years, a wide variety of CoQ10 analogues with improved properties have been developed. These analogues conserve the antioxidant features of CoQ10 but present upgraded characteristics such as water solubility or enhanced mitochondrial accumulation. Moreover, recent studies have proven that some of these analogues might even outperform CoQ10 in the treatment of certain specific diseases. The aim of this review is to provide detailed information about these Coenzyme Q10 analogues, as well as their functionality and medical applications.
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13
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Novel Short-Chain Quinones to Treat Vision Loss in a Rat Model of Diabetic Retinopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031016. [PMID: 33498409 PMCID: PMC7864174 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR), one of the leading causes of blindness, is mainly diagnosed based on the vascular pathology of the disease. Current treatment options largely focus on this aspect with mostly insufficient therapeutic long-term efficacy. Mounting evidence implicates mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in the central etiology of DR. Consequently, drug candidates that aim at normalizing mitochondrial function could be an attractive therapeutic approach. This study compared the mitoprotective compounds, idebenone and elamipretide, side-by-side against two novel short-chain quinones (SCQs) in a rat model of DR. The model effectively mimicked type 2 diabetes over 21 weeks. During this period, visual acuity was monitored by measuring optokinetic response (OKR). Vision loss occurred 5–8 weeks after the onset of hyperglycemia. After 10 weeks of hyperglycemia, visual function was reduced by 65%. From this point, the right eyes of the animals were topically treated once daily with the test compounds. The left, untreated eye served as an internal control. Only three weeks of topical treatment significantly restored vision from 35% to 58–80%, while visual acuity of the non-treated eyes continued to deteriorate. Interestingly, the two novel SCQs restored visual acuity better than idebenone or elamipretide. This was also reflected by protection of retinal pathology against oxidative damage, retinal ganglion cell loss, reactive gliosis, vascular leakage, and retinal thinning. Overall, mitoprotective and, in particular, SCQ-based compounds have the potential to be developed into effective and fast-acting drug candidates against DR.
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14
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Song J, Li D, Shan Z, Kurskaya O, Sharshov K, Gao T, Bi H. Photocytotoxicity of white light-emitting diode irradiation on human lens epithelium and retinal pigment epithelium via the JNK and p38 MAPK signaling pathways. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2020; 213:112058. [PMID: 33147556 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2020.112058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
WLEDs have lately been the preferred lighting device based on properties such as energy saving, high efficiency, longevity, and environmental protection. However, studies on the safety of white light-emitting diode (WLED) are limited. In our previous study, we found that WLED light (4000 K ± 500 K color temperature, 250 lx, and 20 min exposure) is photocytotoxic to three mammalian cell lines by causing cell lipid peroxidation. To further investigate the potential photocytotoxicity of WLEDs on the human body, we used two human eye cell lines SRA01/04 and D407 as target cells for evaluating its potential phototoxicity on the human eye in the present study based on cell viability, apoptosis, and intracellular oxidative stress assays, as well as the activation levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related apoptosis pathways, including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 kinase (p38), using mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway assays. The results showed that WLED light has photocytotoxicities on SRA01/04 and D407 cells, which were both in a time-, irradiance-, and color temperature-dependent manner and strongest at the conditions of 2 h irradiation time, 60 W/m2 irradiance, and 4000 K color temperature. Moreover, the photocytotoxicity of red light-emitting diode (LED) light was the strongest in the three tested monochromatic light compositions of WLED. Mechanism studies show that the potential phototoxicity of WLED on human lens epithelium and retinal pigment epithelium may be caused by its induced oxidative stress damage via the JNK and p38 MAPKs pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayin Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Architectural Physics and Environmental Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 81008, China
| | - Daoyong Li
- College of Architecture and Art, North China University of Technology, Beijing, 100144, China
| | - Zhongshu Shan
- Department of Orthopaedics, People's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining 810007, China
| | - Olga Kurskaya
- Department of Experimental Modeling and Pathogenesis of Infectious Diseases, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk 630000, Russia
| | - Kirill Sharshov
- Department of Experimental Modeling and Pathogenesis of Infectious Diseases, Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk 630000, Russia
| | - Tingting Gao
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Hongtao Bi
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation, CAS Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 81008, China.
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15
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The use of a MITO-Porter to deliver exogenous therapeutic RNA to a mitochondrial disease's cell with a A1555G mutation in the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene results in an increase in mitochondrial respiratory activity. Mitochondrion 2020; 55:134-144. [PMID: 33035688 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2020.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
We report on validating a mitochondrial gene therapeutic strategy using fibroblasts derived from patients with an A1555G point mutation in mitochondrial DNA coding 12S ribosomal RNA (rRNA (12S)). Wild-type rRNA (12S) as a therapeutic RNA was encapsulated in a mitochondrial targeting liposome, a MITO-Porter (rRNA-MITO-Porter), and an attempt was made to deliver the MITO-Porter to mitochondria of the diseased cells. It was confirmed that the rRNA-MITO-Porter treatment significantly decreased the ratio of the mutant rRNA content. Moreover, it was shown that the mitochondrial respiratory activities of the diseased cells were improved as the result of the mitochondrial transfection of the rRNA-MITO-Porter.
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16
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Carrella S, Indrieri A, Franco B, Banfi S. Mutation-Independent Therapies for Retinal Diseases: Focus on Gene-Based Approaches. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:588234. [PMID: 33071752 PMCID: PMC7541846 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.588234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy is proving to be an effective approach to treat or prevent ocular diseases ensuring a targeted, stable, and regulated introduction of exogenous genetic material with therapeutic action. Retinal diseases can be broadly categorized into two groups, namely monogenic and complex (multifactorial) forms. The high genetic heterogeneity of monogenic forms represents a significant limitation to the application of gene-specific therapeutic strategies for a significant fraction of patients. Therefore, mutation-independent therapeutic strategies, acting on common pathways that underly retinal damage, are gaining interest as complementary/alternative approaches for retinal diseases. This review will provide an overview of mutation-independent strategies that rely on the modulation in the retina of key genes regulating such crucial degenerative pathways. In particular, we will describe how gene-based approaches explore the use of neurotrophic factors, microRNAs (miRNAs), genome editing and optogenetics in order to restore/prolong visual function in both outer and inner retinal diseases. We predict that the exploitation of gene delivery procedures applied to mutation/gene independent approaches may provide the answer to the unmet therapeutic need of a large fraction of patients with genetically heterogeneous and complex retinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Carrella
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy.,Medical Genetics, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Alessia Indrieri
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy.,Institute for Genetic and Biomedical Research (IRGB), National Research Council (CNR), Milan, Italy
| | - Brunella Franco
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy.,Medical Genetics, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Sandro Banfi
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Pozzuoli, Italy.,Medical Genetics, Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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17
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Jankauskaitė E, Ambroziak AM, Hajieva P, Ołdak M, Tońska K, Korwin M, Bartnik E, Kodroń A. Testosterone increases apoptotic cell death and decreases mitophagy in Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy cells. J Appl Genet 2020; 61:195-203. [PMID: 32157656 PMCID: PMC7148285 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-020-00550-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is one of the most common mitochondrial diseases caused by point mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). The majority of diagnosed LHON cases are caused by a point mutation at position 11,778 in the mitochondrial genome. LHON mainly affects young men in their 20s and 30s with usually poor visual prognosis. It remains unexplained why men are more likely to develop the disease and why only retinal ganglion cells are affected. In this study, a cell model was used for the first time to investigate the influence of testosterone on the cell death mechanism apoptosis and on an autophagy/mitophagy. Cells with m.11778G > A were found to be significantly more susceptible to nucleosome formation and effector caspase activation that serve as hallmarks of apoptotic cell death. Cells having this mutation expressed higher levels of mitophagic receptors BNIP3 and BNIP3L/Nix in a medium with testosterone. Moreover, cells having the mutation exhibited greater mitochondrial mass, which suggests these cells have a decreased cell survival. The observed decrease in cell survival was supported by the observed increase in apoptotic cell death. Autophagy was analyzed after inhibition with Bafilomycin A1 (Baf A1). The results indicate impairment in autophagy in LHON cells due to lower autophagic flux supported by observed lower levels of autophagosome marker LC3-II. The observed impaired lower autophagic flux in mutant cells correlated with increased levels of BNIP3 and BNIP3L/Nix in mutant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elona Jankauskaitė
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 5a Pawińskiego Str., 02-106, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Anna Maria Ambroziak
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, 5 Pasteur Str., 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Parvana Hajieva
- Institute for Pathobiochemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, D-55099, Mainz, Germany
| | - Monika Ołdak
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, 10 Mochnackiego Str., 02-042, Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Histology and Embryology, Center of Biostructure Research, Medical University of Warsaw, 5 Chałubińskiego Str., 02-004, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Tońska
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 5a Pawińskiego Str., 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Korwin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Warsaw, 13 Sierakowskiego Str., 03-709, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Bartnik
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 5a Pawińskiego Str., 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Kodroń
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 5a Pawińskiego Str., 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
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18
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Nascimento-Dos-Santos G, de-Souza-Ferreira E, Lani R, Faria CC, Araújo VG, Teixeira-Pinheiro LC, Vasconcelos T, Gonçalo T, Santiago MF, Linden R, Galina A, Petrs-Silva H. Neuroprotection from optic nerve injury and modulation of oxidative metabolism by transplantation of active mitochondria to the retina. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165686. [PMID: 31953215 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunctions are linked to a series of neurodegenerative human conditions, including Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, optic neuropathies, and glaucoma. Recently, a series of studies have pointed mitotherapy - exogenous mitochondria transplant - as a promising way to attenuate the progression of neurologic disorders; however, the neuroprotective and pro-regenerative potentials of isolated mitochondria in vivo have not yet been elucidated. In this present work, we tested the effects of transplants of active (as well-coupled organelles were named), liver-isolated mitochondria on the survival of retinal ganglion cells and axonal outgrowth after optic nerve crush. Our data show that intravitreally transplanted, full active mitochondria incorporate into the retina, improve its oxidative metabolism and electrophysiological activity at 1 day after transplantation. Moreover, mitotherapy increases cell survival in the ganglion cell layer at 14 days, and leads to a higher number of axons extending beyond the injury site at 28 days; effects that are dependent on the organelles' structural integrity. Together, our findings support mitotherapy as a promising approach for future therapeutic interventions upon central nervous system damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Nascimento-Dos-Santos
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil.
| | - Eduardo de-Souza-Ferreira
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil.
| | - Rafael Lani
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Caroline Coelho Faria
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Victor Guedes Araújo
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | | | - Taliane Vasconcelos
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Thaís Gonçalo
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Felippe Santiago
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Rafael Linden
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Antonio Galina
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil.
| | - Hilda Petrs-Silva
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil.
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19
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Multilocus Mitochondrial Mutations Do Not Directly Affect the Efficacy of Gene Therapy for Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy. J Neuroophthalmol 2019; 40:22-29. [PMID: 31246675 DOI: 10.1097/wno.0000000000000797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Clinical trials of gene therapy for Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) were conducted in 9 volunteers with the mitochondrial mutation, G11778A in ND4. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether multilocus mitochondrial mutations directly influence the efficacy of gene therapy for LHON. METHODS Nine volunteers with LHON participated in a clinical trial with intravitreal injection of an adenoviral vector expressing wild-type ND4. Patients were subsequently divided into 2 groups: according to the differences in therapy efficacy and based on improvements in visual acuity. Full mitochondrial DNA sequences of the 2 groups of patients were generated and compared using PubMed, PolyPhen, and PROVEAN. Furthermore, the association between the detected mutations and clinical effects of gene therapy was analyzed. RESULTS Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) significantly improved (≥0.3 log of minimum angle of resolution [logMAR]) in 7 patients 6 months after gene therapy, whereas there was no significant change in BCVA (<0.3 logMAR) of the remaining 2 patients. All 9 patients carried the G1178A mutation in addition to other nonsynonymous mutations. Among these mutations, some were predicted to be neutral and deleterious. Meanwhile, different mitochondrial mutations in the group in which treatment was ineffective, compared with those in responders, were at nucleotide positions 6569 (CO1; Patient 3), 9641 (CO3; Patient 3), and 4491 (ND2; Patient 5). CONCLUSIONS Detection of the 3 primary mitochondrial mutations causing LHON is sufficient for screening before gene therapy; sequencing of the entire mitochondrial genome is unnecessary before treatment. Patients with LHON can respond to targeted gene therapy irrespective of additional multilocus mitochondrial mutations.
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Muraleva NA, Kozhevnikova OS, Fursova AZ, Kolosova NG. Suppression of AMD-Like Pathology by Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidant SkQ1 Is Associated with a Decrease in the Accumulation of Amyloid β and in mTOR Activity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8060177. [PMID: 31208023 PMCID: PMC6616484 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8060177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a major cause of irreversible visual impairment and blindness in developed countries, and the molecular pathogenesis of AMD is poorly understood. Recent studies strongly indicate that amyloid β (Aβ) accumulation -found in the brain and a defining feature of Alzheimer's disease-also forms in the retina in both Alzheimer's disease and AMD. The reason why highly neurotoxic proteins of consistently aggregate in the aging retina, and to what extent they contribute to AMD, remains to be fully addressed. Nonetheless, the hypothesis that Aβ is a therapeutic target in AMD is debated. Here, we showed that long-term treatment with SkQ1 (250 nmol/[kg body weight] daily from the age of 1.5 to 22 months) suppressed the development of AMD-like pathology in senescence-accelerated OXYS rats by reducing the level of Aβ and suppressing the activity of mTOR in the retina. Inhibition of mTOR signaling activity, which plays key roles in aging and age-related diseases, can be considered a new mechanism of the prophylactic effect of SkQ1. It seems probable that dietary supplementation with mitochondria-targeted antioxidant SkQ1 can be a good prevention strategy to maintain eye health and possibly a treatment of AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia A Muraleva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Pr. Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Oyuna S Kozhevnikova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Pr. Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Anzhela Z Fursova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Pr. Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Nataliya G Kolosova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Pr. Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, 9 Lavrentieva Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
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21
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Núñez-Álvarez C, Osborne N. Blue light exacerbates and red light counteracts negative insults to retinal ganglion cells in situ and R28 cells in vitro. Neurochem Int 2019; 125:187-196. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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22
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Zhu Y, Pappas AC, Wang R, Seifert P, Sun D, Jakobs TC. Ultrastructural Morphology of the Optic Nerve Head in Aged and Glaucomatous Mice. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019; 59:3984-3996. [PMID: 30098187 PMCID: PMC6082327 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.18-23885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To study age- and intraocular pressure–induced changes in the glial lamina of the murine optic nerve on the ultrastructural level. Methods Naïve C57bl/6 mice at various ages spanning the time between early adulthood (3 months) and senescence (30 months) were used in this study. In addition, the intraocular pressure (IOP) was increased in a group of young mice by injection of microbeads into the anterior chamber. The unmyelinated segments of the optic nerve containing the glial lamina were prepared for transmission electron microscopy and imaged at high resolution. Results Axon packing density decreased slightly with age. Aging nerves contained higher numbers of enlarged and degenerating axons. Mean axonal diameter and in particular the variance of axonal diameter correlated well with age. Axonal mitochondria also showed age-dependent signs of pathology. The mean diameter of axonal mitochondria increased, and aged axons often contained profiles of mitochondria with very few or no cristae. Astrocytic mitochondria remained normal even in very old nerves. Changes to axons and axonal mitochondria in young glaucomatous nerves were comparable with those of 18- to 30-month-old naïve mice. In addition to axons and mitochondria, aged and glaucomatous nerves showed thickening of the blood vessel basement membranes and increased deposition of basement membrane collagen. Conclusions On the ultrastructural level, the effects of age and elevated IOP are quite similar. One month of elevated IOP seems to have as strongly detrimental effects on the nerve as at least 18 months of normal aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston Massachusetts, United States
| | - Anthony C Pappas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston Massachusetts, United States
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston Massachusetts, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Xi'an, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Philip Seifert
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston Massachusetts, United States
| | - Daniel Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston Massachusetts, United States
| | - Tatjana C Jakobs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary/Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston Massachusetts, United States
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Baksheeva VE, Gancharova OS, Tiulina VV, Iomdina EN, Zamyatnin AA, Philippov PP, Zernii EY, Senin II. Iatrogenic Damage of Eye Tissues: Current Problems and Possible Solutions. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2019; 83:1563-1574. [PMID: 30878031 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297918120143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Visual system is at high risk of iatrogenic damage. Laser ocular surgery, the use of powerful illumination devices in diagnostics and surgical treatment of eye diseases, as well as long surgeries under general anesthesia provoke the development of chronic degenerative changes in eye tissues, primarily in the cornea and the retina. Despite the existence of approaches for prevention and treatment of these complications, the efficacy of these approaches is often limited. Here, we review the mechanisms of iatrogenic damage to eye tissues at the cellular and biochemical levels. It is well recognized that oxidative stress is one of the main factors hindering regeneration of eye tissues after injuries and, thereby, aggravating iatrogenic eye disorders. It is accompanied by the downregulation of low-molecular-weight antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes, as well as changes in the expression and redox status of proteins in the damaged tissue. In this regard, antioxidant therapy, in particular, the use of highly effective mitochondria-targeted antioxidants such as SkQ1, is considered as a promising approach to the prevention of iatrogenesis. Recent findings indicate that the most efficient protection of eye tissues from the iatrogenic injury is achieved by preventive use of these antioxidants. In addition to preventing corneal and retinal cell death induced by oxidative stress, SkQ1 contributes to the restoration of innate antioxidant defense of these tissues and suppresses local inflammatory response. Since the timing of routine medical manipulations is usually known in advance, iatrogenic damage to the ocular tissues can be successfully prevented using mitochondria-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- V E Baksheeva
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia
| | - O S Gancharova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia
| | - V V Tiulina
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia
| | - E N Iomdina
- Moscow Helmholtz Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Moscow, 105062, Russia
| | - A A Zamyatnin
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia.,Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - P P Philippov
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia
| | - E Yu Zernii
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia. .,Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - I I Senin
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia.
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Woolley KL, Nadikudi M, Koupaei MN, Corban M, McCartney P, Bissember AC, Lewis TW, Gueven N, Smith JA. Amide linked redox-active naphthoquinones for the treatment of mitochondrial dysfunction. MEDCHEMCOMM 2019; 10:399-412. [PMID: 30996858 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00582f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Naphthoquinones have been investigated as potential therapeutic molecules for neurodegenerative disorders, which is largely based on their anti-oxidative potential. However, a theoretical framework for the pleiotropic protective effects of naphthoquinone derivatives is largely missing. We synthesized a library of novel short chain 2,3-disubstituted naphthoquinone derivatives and measured their redox characteristics to identify a potential connection with their biological activity. Using two cell lines with different reducing potential, the compounds were tested for their inherent toxicity, acute rescue of ATP levels and cytoprotective activity. For the first time, a structure-activity-relationship for naphthoquinones has been established. Our results clearly demonstrate that it is the group on the alkyl side chain and not solely the redox characteristics of the naphthoquinone unit or lipophilicity that determines the extent of cytoprotection by individual compounds. From this, we developed a number of amide containing naphthoquinones with superior activity in ATP rescue and cell viability models compared to the clinically used benzoquinone idebenone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystel L Woolley
- School of Natural Sciences - Chemistry , University of Tasmania , Hobart , TAS 7001 , Australia . ; ; Tel: +61 3 6226 2182
| | - Monila Nadikudi
- School of Medicine - Pharmacy , University of Tasmania , Hobart , TAS 7001 , Australia . ; ; Tel: +61 3 6226 1715
| | - Mitra N Koupaei
- School of Medicine - Pharmacy , University of Tasmania , Hobart , TAS 7001 , Australia . ; ; Tel: +61 3 6226 1715
| | - Monika Corban
- School of Medicine - Pharmacy , University of Tasmania , Hobart , TAS 7001 , Australia . ; ; Tel: +61 3 6226 1715
| | | | - Alex C Bissember
- School of Natural Sciences - Chemistry , University of Tasmania , Hobart , TAS 7001 , Australia . ; ; Tel: +61 3 6226 2182
| | - Trevor W Lewis
- School of Natural Sciences - Chemistry , University of Tasmania , Hobart , TAS 7001 , Australia . ; ; Tel: +61 3 6226 2182
| | - Nuri Gueven
- School of Medicine - Pharmacy , University of Tasmania , Hobart , TAS 7001 , Australia . ; ; Tel: +61 3 6226 1715
| | - Jason A Smith
- School of Natural Sciences - Chemistry , University of Tasmania , Hobart , TAS 7001 , Australia . ; ; Tel: +61 3 6226 2182
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Petrofsky J, Laymon M, Lee H. The influence of ageing and diabetic peripheral neuropathy on posture sway, tremor, and the time to achieve balance equilibrium. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2018; 59:1011-1017. [PMID: 30411597 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.18.08653-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is well recognized that ageing and diabetes are associated with reduced balance and impaired gait. However, one important factor may be not just balance, but how long it takes to achieve balance equilibrium after a balance challenge. This study examined the relationship between balance, tremor, and time to achieve balance after a challenge to stability in young and old individuals without and without diabetes. METHODS Twenty-four of the subjects were young controls, 22 were older controls, 23 were individuals with diabetes, and 21 were young people with diabetes. Posture sway, tremor, and time to achieve stability were assessed on a force plate during 8 progressively challenging balance tasks. RESULTS For postural sway, tremor and time to reach postural stability, there was a significant difference in all groups with the increased balance challenge of the 8 tests (P<0.01). However, ageing and diabetes made balance, tremor and time to reach stability worse. In general, the young group with diabetes, for example, had similar responses to the old group without diabetes. CONCLUSIONS In the subjects with diabetes, balance was poorer than the non-diabetes groups. The young subjects with diabetes showed similar results to the older subjects without diabetes. Diabetes subjects had more muscle tremor and a slower response time of the body to a balance challenge. This may account for increased falls in individuals with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerrold Petrofsky
- School of Physical Therapy, Touro University Nevada, Henderson, NV, USA
| | - Michael Laymon
- School of Physical Therapy, Touro University Nevada, Henderson, NV, USA
| | - Haneul Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Science, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea -
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26
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Herrera E, Agudo-Barriuso M, Murcia-Belmonte V. Cranial Pair II: The Optic Nerves. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2018; 302:428-445. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.23922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eloísa Herrera
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Miguel Hernández, CSIC-UMH); Av. Santiago Ramón y Cajal, s/n., 03550 Sant Joan d'Alacant Alicante Spain
| | - Marta Agudo-Barriuso
- Departamento de Oftalmología, Facultad de Medicina; Universidad de Murcia, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria-Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca); Murcia Spain
| | - Verónica Murcia-Belmonte
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Miguel Hernández, CSIC-UMH); Av. Santiago Ramón y Cajal, s/n., 03550 Sant Joan d'Alacant Alicante Spain
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Giorgio V, Schiavone M, Galber C, Carini M, Da Ros T, Petronilli V, Argenton F, Carelli V, Acosta Lopez MJ, Salviati L, Prato M, Bernardi P. The idebenone metabolite QS10 restores electron transfer in complex I and coenzyme Q defects. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2018; 1859:901-908. [PMID: 29694828 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Idebenone is a hydrophilic short-chain coenzyme (Co) Q analogue, which has been used as a potential bypass of defective complex I in both Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy and OPA1-dependent Dominant Optic Atrophy. Based on its potential antioxidant effects, it has also been tested in degenerative disorders such as Friedreich's ataxia, Huntington's and Alzheimer's diseases. Idebenone is rapidly modified but the biological effects of its metabolites have been characterized only partially. Here we have studied the effects of quinones generated during in vivo metabolism of idebenone with specific emphasis on 6-(9-carboxynonyl)-2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone (QS10). QS10 partially restored respiration in cells deficient of complex I or of CoQ without inducing the mitochondrial permeability transition, a detrimental effect of idebenone that may offset its potential benefits [Giorgio et al. (2012) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1817: 363-369]. Remarkably, respiration was largely rotenone-insensitive in complex I deficient cells and rotenone-sensitive in CoQ deficient cells. These findings indicate that, like idebenone, QS10 can provide a bypass to defective complex I; and that, unlike idebenone, QS10 can partially replace endogenous CoQ. In zebrafish (Danio rerio) treated with rotenone, QS10 was more effective than idebenone in allowing partial recovery of respiration (to 40% and 20% of the basal respiration of untreated embryos, respectively) and allowing zebrafish survival (80% surviving embryos at 60 h post-fertilization, a time point at which all rotenone-treated embryos otherwise died). We conclude that QS10 is potentially more active than idebenone in the treatment of diseases caused by complex I defects, and that it could also be used in CoQ deficiencies of genetic and acquired origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Giorgio
- CNR Neuroscience Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Schiavone
- CNR Neuroscience Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara Galber
- CNR Neuroscience Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Carini
- INSTM Trieste Unit, Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Tatiana Da Ros
- INSTM Trieste Unit, Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Valeria Petronilli
- CNR Neuroscience Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Valerio Carelli
- IRCCS Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuel J Acosta Lopez
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padova, IRP Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
| | - Leonardo Salviati
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padova, IRP Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
| | - Maurizio Prato
- INSTM Trieste Unit, Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy; Carbon Nanobiotechnology Laboratory CIC biomaGUNE, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain; Basque Fdn Sci, Ikerbasque, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Paolo Bernardi
- CNR Neuroscience Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
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Collins DW, Gudiseva HV, Chavali VRM, Trachtman B, Ramakrishnan M, Merritt WT, Pistilli M, Rossi RA, Blachon S, Sankar PS, Miller-Ellis E, Lehman A, Addis V, O'Brien JM. The MT-CO1 V83I Polymorphism is a Risk Factor for Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma in African American Men. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2018; 59:1751-1759. [PMID: 29610859 PMCID: PMC5886029 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.17-23277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose We investigate the function of the V83I polymorphism (m.6150G>A, rs879053914) in the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (MT-CO1) gene and its role in African American (AA) primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Methods This study used Sanger sequencing (1339 cases, 850 controls), phenotypic characterization of Primary Open-Angle African American Glaucoma Genetics study (POAAGG) cases, a masked chart review of CO1 missense cases (V83I plus M117T, n = 29) versus wild type cases (n = 29), a yeast 2-hybrid (Y2H) cDNA library screen, and quantification of protein-protein interactions by Y2H and ELISA. Results The association of V83I with POAG in AA was highly significant for men (odds ratio [OR] 6.5; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.0-21.3, P = 0.0001), but not for women (OR 1.1; 95% CI, 0.62-2.00, P = 0.78). POAG cases having CO1 double missense mutation (V83I + M117T, L1c2 haplogroup) had a higher cup-to-disc ratio (0.77 vs. 0.71, P = 0.04) and significantly worse visual function (average pattern standard deviation, 6.5 vs. 4.3, P = 0.009; average mean deviation -10.4 vs. -4.5, P = 0.006) when compared to matched wild type cases (L1b haplogroup). Interaction of the V83I region of CO1 with amyloid beta peptide (Aβ) was confirmed by ELISA assay, and this interaction was abrogated by V83I. A Y2H screen of an adult human brain cDNA library with the V83 region of CO1 as bait retrieved the UBQLN1 gene. Conclusions The V83I polymorphism was associated strongly with POAG in AA men and disrupts Aβ-binding to CO1. This region also interacts with a neuroprotective protein, UBQLN1.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W. Collins
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Harini V. Gudiseva
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Venkata R. M. Chavali
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Benjamin Trachtman
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Meera Ramakrishnan
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - William T. Merritt
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Maxwell Pistilli
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Rebecca A. Rossi
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | | | - Prithvi S. Sankar
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Eydie Miller-Ellis
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Amanda Lehman
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Victoria Addis
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Joan M. O'Brien
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
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Moos WH, Faller DV, Glavas IP, Harpp DN, Irwin MH, Kanara I, Pinkert CA, Powers WR, Steliou K, Vavvas DG, Kodukula K. Epigenetic Treatment of Neurodegenerative Ophthalmic Disorders: An Eye Toward the Future. Biores Open Access 2017; 6:169-181. [PMID: 29291141 PMCID: PMC5747116 DOI: 10.1089/biores.2017.0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Eye disease is one of the primary medical conditions that requires attention and therapeutic intervention in ageing populations worldwide. Further, the global burden of diabetes and obesity, along with heart disease, all lead to secondary manifestations of ophthalmic distress. Therefore, there is increased interest in developing innovative new approaches that target various mechanisms and sequelae driving conditions that result in adverse vision. The research challenge is even greater given that the terrain of eye diseases is difficult to landscape into a single therapeutic theme. This report addresses the burden of eye disease due to mitochondrial dysfunction, including antioxidant, autophagic, epigenetic, mitophagic, and other cellular processes that modulate the biomedical end result. In this light, we single out lipoic acid as a potent known natural activator of these pathways, along with alternative and potentially more effective conjugates, which together harness the necessary potency, specificity, and biodistribution parameters required for improved therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter H. Moos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
- ShangPharma Innovation, Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Douglas V. Faller
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- Cancer Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ioannis P. Glavas
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - David N. Harpp
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michael H. Irwin
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | | | - Carl A. Pinkert
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama
| | - Whitney R. Powers
- Department of Health Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Anatomy, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kosta Steliou
- Cancer Research Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
- PhenoMatriX, Inc., Natick, Massachusetts
| | - Demetrios G. Vavvas
- Retina Service, Angiogenesis Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Krishna Kodukula
- ShangPharma Innovation, Inc., South San Francisco, California
- PhenoMatriX, Inc., Natick, Massachusetts
- Bridgewater College, Bridgewater, Virginia
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30
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Cheung LTY, Manthey AL, Lai JSM, Chiu K. Targeted Delivery of Mitochondrial Calcium Channel Regulators: The Future of Glaucoma Treatment? Front Neurosci 2017; 11:648. [PMID: 29213227 PMCID: PMC5702640 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Leanne T Y Cheung
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Abby L Manthey
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jimmy S M Lai
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kin Chiu
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Pilz YL, Bass SJ, Sherman J. A Review of Mitochondrial Optic Neuropathies: From Inherited to Acquired Forms. JOURNAL OF OPTOMETRY 2017; 10:205-214. [PMID: 28040497 PMCID: PMC5595256 DOI: 10.1016/j.optom.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the term mitochondrial optic neuropathy (MON) has increasingly been used within the literature to describe a group of optic neuropathies that exhibit mitochondrial dysfunction in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Interestingly, MONs include genetic aetiologies, such as Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and dominant optic atrophy (DOA), as well as acquired aetiologies resulting from drugs, nutritional deficiencies, and mixed aetiologies. Regardless of an inherited or acquired cause, patients exhibit the same clinical manifestations with selective loss of the RGCs due to mitochondrial dysfunction. Various novel therapies are being explored to reverse or limit damage to the RGCs. Here we review the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, differential diagnosis, current treatment, and promising therapeutic targets of MON.
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MESH Headings
- DNA, Mitochondrial
- Diagnosis, Differential
- Humans
- Mitochondrial Diseases/diagnosis
- Mitochondrial Diseases/genetics
- Mitochondrial Diseases/physiopathology
- Mitochondrial Diseases/therapy
- Optic Atrophy, Autosomal Dominant/diagnosis
- Optic Atrophy, Autosomal Dominant/genetics
- Optic Atrophy, Autosomal Dominant/physiopathology
- Optic Atrophy, Autosomal Dominant/therapy
- Optic Atrophy, Hereditary, Leber/diagnosis
- Optic Atrophy, Hereditary, Leber/genetics
- Optic Atrophy, Hereditary, Leber/physiopathology
- Optic Atrophy, Hereditary, Leber/therapy
- Optic Nerve Diseases/diagnosis
- Optic Nerve Diseases/genetics
- Optic Nerve Diseases/physiopathology
- Optic Nerve Diseases/therapy
- Retinal Ganglion Cells/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine L Pilz
- State University New York, College of Optometry, New York, USA.
| | - Sherry J Bass
- State University New York, College of Optometry, New York, USA
| | - Jerome Sherman
- State University New York, College of Optometry, New York, USA
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