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Liu H, Wang J, Wang D, Kong M, Ning C, Zhang X, Xiao J, Zhang X, Liu J, Zhao X. Cybrid Model Supports Mitochondrial Genetic Effect on Pig Litter Size. Front Genet 2020; 11:579382. [PMID: 33384712 PMCID: PMC7770168 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.579382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In pigs, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) polymorphism and the correlation to reproductive performance across breeds and individuals have been largely reported, however, experimental proof has never been provided. In this study, we analyzed 807 sows for correlation of total number born (TNB) and mitotype, which presented the maximum of 1.73 piglets for mtDNA contribution. Cybrid models representing different mitotypes were generated for identification of the mtDNA effect. Results indicated significant differences on cellular and molecular characteristics among cybrids, including energy metabolic traits, mtDNA copy numbers and transcriptions, mRNA and protein expressions on mitochondrial biogenesis genes and reproduction-related genes. Referring to mitotypes, the cybrids with prolific mitotypes presented significantly higher oxygen consumption rate (OCR) productions, mtDNA transcriptions and copy numbers than those with common mitotypes, while both mRNA and protein expressions of PPARA, TFAM, ER1, ER2, and ESRRG in prolific cybrids were significantly higher than those with common mitotypes. Cybrid models reflected the mtDNA effect on pig litter size, suggesting the potential application of mtDNA polymorphism in pig selection and breeding practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Wenshang Professor Workstation of China Agricultural University, Jining, China
| | - Jikun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Minghua Kong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Ning
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Wenshang Professor Workstation of China Agricultural University, Jining, China
| | - Jinlong Xiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Wenshang Professor Workstation of China Agricultural University, Jining, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Wenshang Professor Workstation of China Agricultural University, Jining, China.,Jining Animal Husbandry Station, Jining, China
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xingbo Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Wenshang Professor Workstation of China Agricultural University, Jining, China
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Mishmar D, Levin R, Naeem MM, Sondheimer N. Higher Order Organization of the mtDNA: Beyond Mitochondrial Transcription Factor A. Front Genet 2019; 10:1285. [PMID: 31998357 PMCID: PMC6961661 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The higher order organization of eukaryotic and prokaryotic genomes is pivotal in the regulation of gene expression. Specifically, chromatin accessibility in eukaryotes and nucleoid accessibility in bacteria are regulated by a cohort of proteins to alter gene expression in response to diverse physiological conditions. By contrast, prior studies have suggested that the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) is coated solely by mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), whose increased cellular concentration was proposed to be the major determinant of mtDNA packaging in the mitochondrial nucleoid. Nevertheless, recent analysis of DNase-seq and ATAC-seq experiments from multiple human and mouse samples suggest gradual increase in mtDNA occupancy during the course of embryonic development to generate a conserved footprinting pattern which correlate with sites that have low TFAM occupancy in vivo (ChIP-seq) and tend to adopt G-quadruplex structures. These findings, along with recent identification of mtDNA binding by known modulators of chromatin accessibility such as MOF, suggest that mtDNA higher order organization is generated by cross talk with the nuclear regulatory system, may have a role in mtDNA regulation, and is more complex than once thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Mishmar
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Rotem Levin
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Mansur M Naeem
- Institute of Medical Sciences and the Department of Paediatrics, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Neal Sondheimer
- Institute of Medical Sciences and the Department of Paediatrics, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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