RIPK3 in necroptosis and cancer

Distinct Types of Regulated Cell Death in Melanoma

Resistance to cell death is one of the core hallmarks of cancer, with regulatory abnormalities particularly pronounced in the malignant progression and therapeutic resistance of melanoma. This review aims to systematically summarize the roles and mechanisms of regulated cell death (RCD) in melanoma. Currently, distinct types of RCD, including apoptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, immunogenic cell death, necroptosis, and ferroptosis, have all been found to be involved in melanoma. Autophagy promotes the survival of melanoma cells under stress conditions through metabolic adaptation, yet its excessive activation can trigger cell death. Immunogenic cell death has the capacity to elicit adaptive immune responses in immunocompetent syngeneic hosts. Necroptosis, governed by the receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1)/RIPK3 mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) signaling axis, can synergize with immunotherapy to enhance anti-melanoma immune responses when activated. Pyroptosis, mediated by Gasdermin proteins, induces the release of inflammatory factors that reshape the tumor microenvironment and enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Ferroptosis, characterized by lipid peroxidation, can overcome melanoma resistance by targeting the solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11)/glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) axis. Therapeutic strategies targeting RCD pathways have demonstrated breakthrough potential. Several agents have been developed to target RCD in order to suppress melanoma.

坏死性凋亡在糖尿病性创面愈合中的研究进展

糖尿病是一种目前临床上常见的慢性代谢性疾病，并发症多，尤其是糖尿病足可导致患者残疾，甚至死亡，具有易诊断、治疗难、治疗周期长、医疗费用高且容易复发等特点，严重影响患者的生活质量及身心健康，给个人、家庭和社会造成了沉重的负担。因此，如何提高糖尿病性创面的治愈率已成为急需解决的难题。坏死性凋亡是近年来发现的一种新型的细胞程序性死亡途径，可参与多种炎症反应。研究表明，细胞坏死性凋亡参与糖尿病的发病过程，在糖尿病性创面愈合中扮演着极其重要的作用。本文通过阐述细胞坏死性凋亡与创面相关蛋白的研究及其在糖尿病性创面中的作用机制，为临床治疗糖尿病性创面提供借鉴。