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Xu B, Bai L, Chen L, Tong R, Feng Y, Shi J. Terpenoid natural products exert neuroprotection via the PI3K/Akt pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1036506. [PMCID: PMC9606746 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1036506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PI3K/Akt, an essential signaling pathway widely present in cells, has been shown to be relevant to neurological disorders. As an important class of natural products, terpenoids exist in large numbers and have diverse backbones, so they have a great chance to be identified as neuroprotective agents. In this review, we described and summarized recent research for a range of terpenoid natural products associated with the PI3K/Akt pathway by classifying their basic chemical structures of the terpenes, identified by electronic searches on PubMed, Web of Science for research, and Google Scholar websites. Only articles published in English were included. Our discussion here concerned 16 natural terpenoids and their mechanisms of action, the associated diseases, and the methods of experimentation used. We also reviewed the discovery of their chemical structures and their derivatives, and some compounds have been concluded for their structure–activity relationships (SAR). As a result, terpenoids are excellent candidates for research as natural neuroprotective agents, and our content will provide a stepping stone for further research into these natural products. It may be possible for more terpenoids to serve as neuroprotective agents in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyao Xu
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lan Bai
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Rongsheng Tong
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Rongsheng Tong, ; Yibin Feng, ; Jianyou Shi,
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- *Correspondence: Rongsheng Tong, ; Yibin Feng, ; Jianyou Shi,
| | - Jianyou Shi
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Rongsheng Tong, ; Yibin Feng, ; Jianyou Shi,
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Dhakal D, Rayamajhi V, Mishra R, Sohng JK. Bioactive molecules from Nocardia: diversity, bioactivities and biosynthesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 46:385-407. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-018-02120-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Nocardia spp. are catalase positive, aerobic, and non-motile Gram-positive filamentous bacteria. Many Nocarida spp. have been reported as unusual causes of diverse clinical diseases in both humans and animals. Therefore, they have been studied for a long time, primarily focusing on strain characterization, taxonomic classification of new isolates, and host pathophysiology. Currently, there are emerging interests in isolating bioactive molecules from diverse actinobacteria including Nocardia spp. and studying their biosynthetic mechanisms. In addition, these species possess significant metabolic capacity, which has been utilized for generating diverse functionalized bioactive molecules by whole cell biotransformation. This review summarizes the structural diversity and biological activities of compounds biosynthesized or biotransformed by Nocardia spp. Furthermore, the recent advances on biosynthetic mechanisms and genetic engineering approaches for enhanced production or structural/functional modification are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipesh Dhakal
- 0000 0004 0533 4202 grid.412859.3 Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering SunMoon University 70 Sunmoon-ro 221, Tangjeong-myeon 31460 Asan-si Chungnam Republic of Korea
| | - Vijay Rayamajhi
- 0000 0004 0533 4202 grid.412859.3 Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering SunMoon University 70 Sunmoon-ro 221, Tangjeong-myeon 31460 Asan-si Chungnam Republic of Korea
| | - Ravindra Mishra
- 0000 0004 0533 4202 grid.412859.3 Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering SunMoon University 70 Sunmoon-ro 221, Tangjeong-myeon 31460 Asan-si Chungnam Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kyung Sohng
- 0000 0004 0533 4202 grid.412859.3 Department of Life Science and Biochemical Engineering SunMoon University 70 Sunmoon-ro 221, Tangjeong-myeon 31460 Asan-si Chungnam Republic of Korea
- 0000 0004 0533 4202 grid.412859.3 Department of BT-Convergent Pharmaceutical Engineering SunMoon University 70 Sunmoon-ro 221, Tangjeong-myeon 31460 Asan-si Chungnam Republic of Korea
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New Triterpenoid from Novel Triterpenoid 15- O-Glycosylation on Ganoderic Acid A by Intestinal Bacteria of Zebrafish. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23092345. [PMID: 30217066 PMCID: PMC6225395 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional bacteria that could biotransform triterpenoids may exist in the diverse microflora of fish intestines. Ganoderic acid A (GAA) is a major triterpenoid from the medicinal fungus Ganoderma lucidum. In studying the microbial biotransformation of GAA, dozens of intestinal bacteria were isolated from the excreta of zebrafish. The bacteria's ability to catalyze GAA were determined using ultra-performance liquid chromatography analysis. One positive strain, GA A07, was selected for functional studies. GA A07 was confirmed as Bacillus sp., based on the DNA sequences of the 16S rRNA gene. The biotransformed metabolite was purified with the preparative high-performance liquid chromatography method and identified as GAA-15-O-β-glucoside, based on the mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectral data. The present study is the first to report the glycosylation of Ganoderma triterpenoids. Moreover, 15-O-glycosylation is a new microbial biotransformation of triterpenoids, and the biotransformed metabolite, GAA-15-O-β-glucoside, is a new compound.
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Abstract
The biotransformation of antcin K, a major ergostane triterpenoid from the fruiting bodies of Antrodia cinnamomea, by Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) ATCC 6633 was studied. Four metabolites from the biotransformation were isolated with preparative high-performance liquid chromatography and identified as 25S-antcin K 26-O-β-glucoside, 25R-antcin K 26-O-β-glucoside, 25S-antcin K 26-O-β-(6′-O-succinyl)-glucoside, and 25R-antcin K 26-O-β-(6′-O-succinyl)-glucoside with mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectral analysis. By using either 25S-antcin K 26-O-β-glucoside or 25R-antcin K 26-O-β-glucoside as the biotransformation precursor, it was proven that 25S-antcin K 26-O-β-(6′-O-succinyl)-glucoside and 25R-antcin K 26-O-β-(6′-O-succinyl)-glucoside were biotransformed from 25S-antcin K 26-O-β-glucoside and 25R-antcin K 26-O-β-glucoside, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on the glycosylation of triterpenoids from A. cinnamomea, and the first time the succinylation of triterpenoid glycosides by microorganisms has been found. In addition, all four antcin K glucoside derivatives are new compounds.
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Park HJ, Kwon H, Lee S, Jung JW, Ryu JH, Jang DS, Lee YC, Kim DH. Echinocystic Acid Facilitates Neurite Outgrowth in Neuroblastoma Neuro2a Cells and Enhances Spatial Memory in Aged Mice. Biol Pharm Bull 2018; 40:1724-1729. [PMID: 28966244 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b17-00324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Aging leads to functional changes in the brain and decreases ability of learning and memory. Neurite outgrowth is important in learning and memory, therefore regulation of neurite outgrowth might be a candidate for treating aged brain. Echinocystic acid (EA), a pentacyclic triterpene, has shown to exert various neurological effects. However, the effect of EA on neurite outgrowth has not been studied. In this study, we examined if EA is effective on neurite outgrowth and memory in aged mice. The effect of EA on neurite outgrowth was observed by examining neurite processes of Neuro2a cells treated with EA. Western blot analysis was conducted to examine possible mechanisms. Morris water maze test was used to examine the effect of EA on learning and memory in aged mice. Immunohistochemistry was conducted to observe the effect of EA on neurite outgrowth in the hippocampus. EA was shown to induce neurite outgrowth in a concentration dependent manner without affecting cell viability. Moreover, EA treatment increased phosphorylation of c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and JNK inhibitor, SP600125, blocked the effect of EA on neurite outgrowth. These results demonstrated that EA treatment promotes neurite outgrowth through the JNK signaling pathway. In in vivo experiments, EA treatment increased neurite outgrowth in aged mouse hippocampus. Moreover, EA treatment enhanced spatial learning and memory in aged mice. These results suggest that EA can be developed as a new, naturally occurring drug to treat ageing-related neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jin Park
- Department of Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Dong-A University
| | - Huiyoung Kwon
- Department of Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Dong-A University
| | - Seungheon Lee
- Department of Aquatic Biomedical Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Science, College of Ocean Science, Jeju National University
| | - Ji Wook Jung
- Department of Herbal Medicinal Pharmacology, College of Herbal Bio-industry, Daegu Haany University
| | - Jong Hoon Ryu
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University
| | - Dae Sik Jang
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University
| | - Young Choon Lee
- Department of Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Dong-A University.,Institute of Convergence Bio-health, Dong-A University
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Department of Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Dong-A University.,Institute of Convergence Bio-health, Dong-A University
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Biotransformation of Ergostane Triterpenoid Antcin K from Antrodia cinnamomea by Soil-Isolated Psychrobacillus sp. AK 1817. Catalysts 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/catal7100299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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Meng L, Wang Q, Tang T, Xiao S, Zhang L, Zhou D, Yu F. Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Pentacyclic Triterpene Dimers as HCV Entry Inhibitors. CHINESE J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201700272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lingkuan Meng
- Medical Faculty of Kunming University of Science and Technology; Kunming Yunnan 650500 China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Peking University; Beijing 100191 China
| | - Tao Tang
- Medical Faculty of Kunming University of Science and Technology; Kunming Yunnan 650500 China
| | - Sulong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Peking University; Beijing 100191 China
| | - Lihe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Peking University; Beijing 100191 China
| | - Demin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Peking University; Beijing 100191 China
| | - Fei Yu
- Medical Faculty of Kunming University of Science and Technology; Kunming Yunnan 650500 China
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Zhang C, Xu SH, Ma BL, Wang WW, Yu BY, Zhang J. New derivatives of ursolic acid through the biotransformation by Bacillus megaterium CGMCC 1.1741 as inhibitors on nitric oxide production. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:2575-2578. [PMID: 28427811 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.03.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Microbial transformation of ursolic acid (1) by Bacillus megaterium CGMCC 1.1741 was investigated and yielded five metabolites identified as 3-oxo-urs-12-en-28-oic acid (2); 1β,11α-dihydroxy-3-oxo-urs-12-en-28-oic acid (3); 1β-hydroxy-3-oxo-urs-12-en-28, 13-lactoe (4); 1β,3β, 11α-trihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (5) and 1β,11α-dihydroxy-3-oxo-urs-12-en-28-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (6). Metabolites 3, 4, 5 and 6 were new natural products. Their nitric oxide (NO) production inhibitory activity was assessed in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) - stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Compounds 3 and 4 exhibited significant activities with the IC50 values of 1.243 and 1.711μM, respectively. A primary structure-activity relationship was also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Shao-Hua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Bai-Ling Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
| | - Wei-Wei Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
| | - Bo-Yang Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
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Xu SH, Wang WW, Zhang C, Liu XF, Yu BY, Zhang J. Site-selective oxidation of unactivated C–H sp 3 bonds of oleanane triterpenes by Streptomyces griseus ATCC 13273. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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10
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Wang WW, Xu SH, Zhao YZ, Zhang C, Zhang YY, Yu BY, Zhang J. Microbial hydroxylation and glycosylation of pentacyclic triterpenes as inhibitors on tissue factor procoagulant activity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 27:1026-1030. [PMID: 28109788 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.12.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
To discover new inhibitors on tissue factor procoagulant activity, 20 pentacyclic triterpenes were semi-synthetized through microbial transformation and assayed on the model of human THP-1 cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide. In the biotransformation two types of reactions were observed, regio-selective hydroxylation and glycosylation. The bioassay results showed that most of tested compounds were significant effective on this model and two of the biotransformation products 23-hydroxy-28-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl betulinic acid (3d) and 28-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl oleanic acid (1a) exhibited most potential activities with the IC50 values of 0.028, 0.035nM respectively. The preliminary structure and activity relationship analysis revealed that the aglycones with single free hydroxyl group on the skeleton (1, 1j) were less effective than that with more free hydroxyl groups (1d, 1f, 2), mono-glycosylation can significantly enhance their inhibitory effects. Our findings also provide some potential leading compounds for tissue factor-related diseases, such as cancer and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wei Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
| | - Shao-Hua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Ya-Zheng Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China
| | - Bo-Yang Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
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Echinocystic acid inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis by regulating NF-κB and ERK signaling pathways. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 477:673-677. [PMID: 27349866 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.06.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) is a key factor in the differentiation and activation of osteoclasts. Echinocystic acid (EA), a pentacyclic triterpene isolated from the fruits of Gleditsia sinensis Lam, was reported to prevent reduction of bone mass and strength and improve the cancellous bone structure and biochemical properties in ovariectomy rats. However, the molecular mechanism of EA on the osteoclast formation has not been reported. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects and mechanism of EA on RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. Our results showed that EA inhibited the formation of osteoclast, as well as the expression of osteoclastogenesis-related marker proteins in bone marrow macrophages (BMMs). At molecular levels, EA inhibited RANKL-induced NF-κB activation and ERK phosphorylation in BMMs. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that EA can suppress osteoclastogenesis in vitro. Moreover, we clarified that these inhibitory effects of EA occur through suppression of NF-κB and ERK activation. Therefore, EA may be a potential agent in the treatment of osteoclast-related diseases such as osteoporosis.
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Kim HY, Kim HM, Ryu B, Lee JS, Choi JH, Jang DS. Constituents of the aerial parts of Eclipta prostrata and their cytotoxicity on human ovarian cancer cells in vitro. Arch Pharm Res 2015; 38:1963-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-015-0599-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Xia B, Bai L, Li X, Xiong J, Xu P, Xue M. Structural analysis of metabolites of asiatic acid and its analogue madecassic acid in zebrafish using LC/IT-MSn. Molecules 2015; 20:3001-19. [PMID: 25685908 PMCID: PMC6272356 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20023001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although zebrafish has become a significant animal model for drug discovery and screening, drug metabolism in zebrafish remains largely unknown. Asiatic acid (AA) and madecassic acid (MA), two natural pentacyclic triterpenoids mainly obtained from Centella asiatica (L.) Urban, have been found to possess many pharmacological effects. This study is to probe the metabolic capability of zebrafish via investigation of the drug metabolism of AA and MA in zebrafish, using a sensitive LC/IT-MSn method. In addition, the main fragmentation pathways of AA and MA were reported for the first time. Nineteen metabolites of AA and MA were firstly identified after zebrafish was exposed to the drug, which all were the phase I metabolites and mainly formed from hydroxylation, dehydrogenation, hydroxylation and dehydrogenation, dihydroxylation and dehydrogenation, and dehydroxylation reaction. The results indicated that zebrafish possessed strong metabolic capacity, and the metabolites of AA and MA were formed via similar metabolic pathways and well matched with the known metabolic rules in vivo and in vitro, which supports the widely use of this system in drug metabolism research. This investigation would also contribute to the novel information on the structural elucidation, in vivo metabolites and metabolic mechanism of pentacyclic triterpenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Xia
- Beijing Laboratory for Biomedical Detection Technology and Instrument, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Lu Bai
- Beijing Laboratory for Biomedical Detection Technology and Instrument, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Xiaorong Li
- Beijing Laboratory for Biomedical Detection Technology and Instrument, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Jie Xiong
- Beijing Laboratory for Biomedical Detection Technology and Instrument, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Pinxiang Xu
- Beijing Laboratory for Biomedical Detection Technology and Instrument, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Ming Xue
- Beijing Laboratory for Biomedical Detection Technology and Instrument, Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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Shah SAA, Tan HL, Sultan S, Faridz MABM, Shah MABM, Nurfazilah S, Hussain M. Microbial-catalyzed biotransformation of multifunctional triterpenoids derived from phytonutrients. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:12027-60. [PMID: 25003642 PMCID: PMC4139828 DOI: 10.3390/ijms150712027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial-catalyzed biotransformations have considerable potential for the generation of an enormous variety of structurally diversified organic compounds, especially natural products with complex structures like triterpenoids. They offer efficient and economical ways to produce semi-synthetic analogues and novel lead molecules. Microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi could catalyze chemo-, regio- and stereospecific hydroxylations of diverse triterpenoid substrates that are extremely difficult to produce by chemical routes. During recent years, considerable research has been performed on the microbial transformation of bioactive triterpenoids, in order to obtain biologically active molecules with diverse structures features. This article reviews the microbial modifications of tetranortriterpenoids, tetracyclic triterpenoids and pentacyclic triterpenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Adnan Ali Shah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Huey Ling Tan
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Sadia Sultan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Muhammad Afifi Bin Mohd Faridz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Mohamad Azlan Bin Mohd Shah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Sharifah Nurfazilah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Munawar Hussain
- Department of Basic Sciences, DHA Suffa University, Off, Khayaban-e-Tufail, Phase VII (Extension), DHA, Karachi 75500, Pakistan.
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Grishko VV, Nogovitsina YM, Ivshina IB. Bacterial transformation of terpenoids. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2014. [DOI: 10.1070/rc2014v083n04abeh004396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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16
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Elucidation of the pharmacophore of echinocystic acid, a new lead for blocking HCV entry. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 64:160-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2012] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Guo FF, Feng X, Chu ZY, Li DP, Zhang L, Zhang ZS. Microbial transformation of asiatic acid. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2012; 15:15-21. [PMID: 23227815 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2012.741124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Asiatic acid (1), a major pentacyclic triterpene of Centella asiatica, was subjected to transformation by Penicillium lilacinum ACCC 31890, Fusarium equiseti CGMCC 3.3658, and Streptomyces griseus CGMCC 4.18 strains. Incubation of asiatic acid with P. lilacinum ACCC 31890 and F. equiseti CGMCC 3.3658 gave an identical product: 2α,3β,15α,23-tetrahydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (2). Biotransformation of asiatic acid by S. griseus CGMCC 4.18 resulted in three derivatives: 2α,3β,21β,23-tetrahydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (3), 2α,3β,23-trihydroxyurs-12-en-28, 30-dioic acid (4), and 2α,3β,23,30-tetrahydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (5). The structures of those derivatives were deduced from their spectral data. Products (2), (3), and (4) were new compounds. In addition, the in vitro cytotoxicities of those derivatives along with 1 were evaluated with several human cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Fei Guo
- Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
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Fu SB, Yang JS, Cui JL, Meng QF, Feng X, Sun DA. Multihydroxylation of ursolic acid by Pestalotiopsis microspora isolated from the medicinal plant Huperzia serrata. Fitoterapia 2011; 82:1057-61. [PMID: 21767617 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2011.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2011] [Revised: 06/22/2011] [Accepted: 06/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The structural modification of ursolic acid by an endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis microspora, isolated from medicinal plant Huperzia serrata was reported for the first time. The structure diversity was very important for the SAR study of ursolic acid and its derivatives. Incubation of ursolic acid 1 with P. microspora afforded four metabolites: 3-oxo-15α, 30-dihydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid (2), 3β, 15α-dihydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid (3), 3β, 15α, 30- trihydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid (4) and 3,4-seco-ursan-4,30-dihydroxy-12-en-3,28-dioic acid (5). All products were new compounds and their structures elucidation was mainly based on the spectroscopic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-bin Fu
- Institute of Medical Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China
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Zhu YY, Qian LW, Zhang J, Liu JH, Yu BY. New approaches to the structural modification of olean-type pentacylic triterpenes via microbial oxidation and glycosylation. Tetrahedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Fu SB, Yang JS, Cui JL, Feng X, Sun DA. Biotransformation of ursolic acid by an endophytic fungus from medicinal plant Huperzia serrata. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2011; 59:1180-2. [PMID: 21881267 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.59.1180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Endophytic fungi were used not only for their producing bioactive products but also for their ability to transform natural compounds. An endophytic fungus, isolated from medicinal plant Huperzia serrata, was identified as Umbelopsis isabellina based on the internal transcribed spacer of ribosomal DNA (rDNA-ITS) region. It was used to transform ursolic acid (1), a pentacyclic triterpene. Incubation of ursolic acid with U. isabellina afforded three products, 3β-hydroxy-urs-11-en-28,13-lactone (2), 3β,7β-dihydroxy-urs-11-en-28,13-lactone (3), 1β,3β-dihydroxy-urs-11-en-28,13-lactone (4). Although product 2 was a known compound, it was first obtained by microbial transformation. Products 3 and 4 were new compounds. The structural elucidation of the three compounds was achieved mainly by the 1D- and 2D-NMR, MS, IR data. The endophytic fungus U. isabellina can hydroxyate the C12-C13 double bond at position 13 of ursolic acid 1 and form a five-member lactone effectively. In the meantime, this fungus can also introduce the hydroxyl group at C-1 or C-7 of ursolic acid 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-bin Fu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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