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Wang S, Yang Y, Yue X, Liu Z, Yuan F, Yang K, Zhu J, Liu W, Tian Y, Wu Q, Gao T, Li C, Song H, Zhou D, Bei W. Preparation and Evaluation of Novel Epitope-Based ETEC K88-K99 Bivalent Vaccine. Vet Sci 2025; 12:381. [PMID: 40284883 PMCID: PMC12030781 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci12040381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2025] [Revised: 04/14/2025] [Accepted: 04/16/2025] [Indexed: 04/29/2025] Open
Abstract
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is one of the primary pathogens causing diarrhea in piglets, causing significant economic losses in the swine farming industry. Due to the numerous serotypes of ETEC, traditional vaccines fail to provide sufficient cross-protection, and subunit vaccines based on epitope design have emerged as a safer and more effective approach for prevention and control. Unlike vaccine development strategies that involve the tandem arrangement of multiple antigenic epitopes, this study used the K88-FaeG protein as a backbone and incorporated the antigenic epitopes of K99-FanC to achieve a better immunogenicity. By using bioinformatics software to predict B-cell linear epitopes (score of over 0.6), B-cell epitopes from three-dimensional structures (50% amino acid score of ≥0.2), and B-cell epitope IgG antibody subtypes, as well as docking analysis with Sus scrofa aminopeptidase N (APN) receptors, six antigenic epitopes of K99-FanC were selected. Through Western blotting and competitive ELISA, we confirmed that all six recombinant proteins exhibited binding capabilities to K88- and K99-positive serum. The ELISA results showed that the serum levels of specific IgG and IgA antibodies increased after immunization, with FaeG-Ep3 and FaeG-Ep5 inducing the highest antibody titers against FanC-IgG (Log2 = 14.96) and FaeG-IgG (Log2 = 17.96), respectively. Bacterial adhesion assays revealed that only FaeG-Ep3 effectively blocked the adhesion of both K99 and K88 to IPEC-J2 cells. Immunization challenge experiments showed that, in the unimmunized group, mice infected with K88 and K99 experienced weight loss (p < 0.05) with intestinal villus shedding and intestinal wall structural damage. However, in the FaeG-Ep3-immunized group, no significant weight loss occurred after infection, and the villus protection rate (83%) was the same as that in the FaeG and FanC immunized groups. Overall, the FaeG-Ep3 recombinant protein identified in this study shows potential vaccine application value and provides new insights for developing multivalent vaccines against ETEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbial Resources Discovery and Utilization, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (S.W.); (X.Y.)
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (Y.Y.); (Z.L.); (F.Y.); (K.Y.); (J.Z.); (W.L.); (Y.T.); (Q.W.); (T.G.); (C.L.); (H.S.)
| | - Yuxin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (Y.Y.); (Z.L.); (F.Y.); (K.Y.); (J.Z.); (W.L.); (Y.T.); (Q.W.); (T.G.); (C.L.); (H.S.)
| | - Xinru Yue
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbial Resources Discovery and Utilization, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (S.W.); (X.Y.)
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (Y.Y.); (Z.L.); (F.Y.); (K.Y.); (J.Z.); (W.L.); (Y.T.); (Q.W.); (T.G.); (C.L.); (H.S.)
| | - Zewen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (Y.Y.); (Z.L.); (F.Y.); (K.Y.); (J.Z.); (W.L.); (Y.T.); (Q.W.); (T.G.); (C.L.); (H.S.)
| | - Fangyan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (Y.Y.); (Z.L.); (F.Y.); (K.Y.); (J.Z.); (W.L.); (Y.T.); (Q.W.); (T.G.); (C.L.); (H.S.)
| | - Keli Yang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (Y.Y.); (Z.L.); (F.Y.); (K.Y.); (J.Z.); (W.L.); (Y.T.); (Q.W.); (T.G.); (C.L.); (H.S.)
| | - Jiajia Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (Y.Y.); (Z.L.); (F.Y.); (K.Y.); (J.Z.); (W.L.); (Y.T.); (Q.W.); (T.G.); (C.L.); (H.S.)
| | - Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (Y.Y.); (Z.L.); (F.Y.); (K.Y.); (J.Z.); (W.L.); (Y.T.); (Q.W.); (T.G.); (C.L.); (H.S.)
| | - Yongxiang Tian
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (Y.Y.); (Z.L.); (F.Y.); (K.Y.); (J.Z.); (W.L.); (Y.T.); (Q.W.); (T.G.); (C.L.); (H.S.)
| | - Qiong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (Y.Y.); (Z.L.); (F.Y.); (K.Y.); (J.Z.); (W.L.); (Y.T.); (Q.W.); (T.G.); (C.L.); (H.S.)
| | - Ting Gao
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (Y.Y.); (Z.L.); (F.Y.); (K.Y.); (J.Z.); (W.L.); (Y.T.); (Q.W.); (T.G.); (C.L.); (H.S.)
| | - Chang Li
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (Y.Y.); (Z.L.); (F.Y.); (K.Y.); (J.Z.); (W.L.); (Y.T.); (Q.W.); (T.G.); (C.L.); (H.S.)
| | - Haofei Song
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (Y.Y.); (Z.L.); (F.Y.); (K.Y.); (J.Z.); (W.L.); (Y.T.); (Q.W.); (T.G.); (C.L.); (H.S.)
| | - Danna Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control Agents for Animal Bacteriosis (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China; (Y.Y.); (Z.L.); (F.Y.); (K.Y.); (J.Z.); (W.L.); (Y.T.); (Q.W.); (T.G.); (C.L.); (H.S.)
| | - Weicheng Bei
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbial Resources Discovery and Utilization, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (S.W.); (X.Y.)
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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Wang L, Kang J, Jiang H. Intranasal Immunization with a Recombinant Adenovirus Encoding Multi-Stage Antigens of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Preferentially Elicited CD8 + T Cell Immunity and Conferred a Superior Protection in the Lungs of Mice than Bacillus Calmette-Guerin. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:1022. [PMID: 39340053 PMCID: PMC11436211 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12091022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Revised: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of a tuberculosis (TB) vaccine is imperative. Employing multi-stage Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) antigens as targeted antigens represents a critical strategy in establishing an effective novel TB vaccine. In this investigation, we evaluated the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a recombinant adenovirus vaccine expressing two fusion proteins, Ag85B-ESAT6 (AE) and Rv2031c-Rv2626c (R2), derived from multi-stage antigens of Mtb via intranasal administration in mice. Intranasal delivery of Ad-AE-R2 induced both long-lasting mucosal and systemic immunities, with a preferential elicitation of CD8+ T cell immunity demonstrated by the accumulation and retention of CD8+ T cells in BALF, lung, and spleen, as well as the generation of CD8+ TRM cells in BALF and lung tissues. Compared to subcutaneous immunization with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), Ad-AE-R2 provided superior protection against high-dose intratracheal BCG challenge, specifically within the lungs of mice. Our findings support the notion that empowering T cells within the respiratory mucosa is crucial for TB vaccine development while highlighting targeting CD8+ T cell immunity as an effective strategy for optimizing TB vaccines and emphasizing that eliciting systemic memory immunity is also vital for the successful development of a TB mucosal vaccine. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that the BCG challenge serves as a convenient and efficient method to evaluate candidate vaccine efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limei Wang
- Bacteriology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jian Kang
- Bacteriology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China
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Zhang H, Yuan X, He Y, Chen Y, Hu C, Chen J, Zhang L, Chen X, Guo A. A Novel Multiepitope Fusion Antigen as a Vaccine Candidate for the Prevention of Enterotoxigenic E. coli-Induced Calf Diarrhea. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:457. [PMID: 38793708 PMCID: PMC11126018 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12050457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Calf diarrhea caused by enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) poses an enormous economic challenge in the cattle industry. Fimbriae and enterotoxin are crucial virulence factors and vaccine targets of ETEC. Since these proteins have complicated components with large molecular masses, the development of vaccines by directly expressing these potential targets is cumbersome Therefore, this study aimed to develop a multiepitope fusion antigen designated as MEFA by integrating major epitopes of FanC and Fim41a subunits and a toxoid epitope of STa into the F17G framework. The 3D modeling predicted that the MEFA protein displayed the epitopes from these four antigens on its surface, demonstrating the desired structural characteristics. Then, the MEFA protein was subsequently expressed and purified for mouse immunization. Following that, our homemade ELISA showed that the mouse antiserum had a consistent increase in polyclonal antibody levels with the highest titer of 1:217 to MEFA. Furthermore, the western blot assay demonstrated that this anti-MEFA serum could react with all four antigens. Further, this antiserum exhibited inhibition on ETEC adhesion to HCT-8 cells with inhibitory rates of 92.8%, 84.3%, and 87.9% against F17+, F5+, and F41+ ETEC strains, respectively. Additionally, the stimulatory effect of STa toxin on HCT-8 cells was decreased by approximately 75.3% by anti-MEFA serum. This study demonstrates that the MEFA protein would be an antigen candidate for novel subunit vaccines for preventing ETEC-induced diarrhea in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyun Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (H.Z.); (X.Y.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (C.H.); (J.C.); (L.Z.)
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xinwei Yuan
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (H.Z.); (X.Y.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (C.H.); (J.C.); (L.Z.)
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yanfei He
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (H.Z.); (X.Y.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (C.H.); (J.C.); (L.Z.)
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yingyu Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (H.Z.); (X.Y.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (C.H.); (J.C.); (L.Z.)
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Changmin Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (H.Z.); (X.Y.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (C.H.); (J.C.); (L.Z.)
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jianguo Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (H.Z.); (X.Y.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (C.H.); (J.C.); (L.Z.)
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (H.Z.); (X.Y.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (C.H.); (J.C.); (L.Z.)
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xi Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (H.Z.); (X.Y.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (C.H.); (J.C.); (L.Z.)
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Aizhen Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (H.Z.); (X.Y.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (C.H.); (J.C.); (L.Z.)
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Development of Ruminant Bio-Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430070, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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Mendoza EJ, Warner B, Kobinger G, Ogden NH, Safronetz D. Baited vaccines: A strategy to mitigate rodent-borne viral zoonoses in humans. Zoonoses Public Health 2018; 65:711-727. [PMID: 29931738 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Rodents serve as the natural reservoir and vector for a variety of pathogens, some of which are responsible for severe and life-threatening disease in humans. Despite the significant impact in humans many of these viruses, including Old and New World hantaviruses as well as Arenaviruses, most have no specific vaccine or therapeutic to treat or prevent human infection. The recent success of wildlife vaccines to mitigate rabies in animal populations offers interesting insight into the use of similar strategies for other zoonotic agents of human disease. In this review, we discuss the notion of using baited vaccines as a means to interrupt the transmission of viral pathogens between rodent reservoirs and to susceptible human hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emelissa J Mendoza
- Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Bryce Warner
- Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Gary Kobinger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nicholas H Ogden
- Public Health Risk Sciences Division, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, St-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - David Safronetz
- Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Beikzadeh B, Nikbakht Brujeni G. Protection against neonatal enteric colibacillosis employing E. Coli-derived outer membrane vesicles in formulation and without vitamin D3. BMC Res Notes 2018; 11:302. [PMID: 29769118 PMCID: PMC5956550 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-018-3442-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli (ETEC) is the cause of diarrhea and even death in humans and offspring of animals. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of the ETEC was prepared and its potential as a vaccine candidate against enteric colibacillosis in neonatal mice was evaluated. Dam mice intradermally injected with ETEC-derived OMVs and OMVs plus an active form of vitamin D3 (avD3). Mucosal and systemic immune responses in mice and passive immunity protection against ETEC lethality in their offspring was investigated. RESULTS Immunization of adult mice via ETEC-derived OMV alone and in formulation with avD3 protect offspring from ETEC-induced lethality. Nevertheless, avD3 did not indicate a positive effect on mucosal and systemic immune responses. Only the combination of OMV plus avD3 elicited a significant (P < 0.05) increase in the level of specific IgA antibodies in serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Beikzadeh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Azadi Avenue, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Nikbakht Brujeni
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Azadi Avenue, Tehran, Iran.
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Haut LH, Gill AL, Kurupati RK, Bian A, Li Y, Giles-Davis W, Xiang Z, Zhou XY, Ertl HCJ. A Partial E3 Deletion in Replication-Defective Adenoviral Vectors Allows for Stable Expression of Potentially Toxic Transgene Products. Hum Gene Ther Methods 2016; 27:187-196. [PMID: 27604324 DOI: 10.1089/hgtb.2016.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenovirus (Ad) is used extensively for construction of viral vectors, most commonly with deletion in its E1 and/or E3 genomic regions. Previously, our attempts to insert envelope proteins (Env) of HIV-1 into such vectors based on chimpanzee-derived Ad (AdC) viruses were thwarted. Here, we describe that genetic instability of an E1- and E3-deleted AdC vector of serotype C6 expressing Env of HIV-1 can be overcome by reinsertion of E3 sequences with anti-apoptotic activities. This partial E3 deletion presumably delays premature death of HEK-293 packaging cell lines due to Env-induced cell apoptosis. The same partial E3 deletion also allows for the generation of stable glycoprotein 140 (gp140)- and gp160-expressing Ad vectors based on AdC7, a distinct AdC serotype. Env-expressing AdC vectors containing the partial E3 deletion are genetically stable upon serial cell culture passaging, produce yields comparable to those of other AdC vectors, and induce transgene product-specific antibody responses in mice. A partial E3 deletion thereby allows expansion of the repertoire of transgenes that can be expressed by Ad vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amanda L Gill
- 1 The Wistar Institute , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- 2 Current address: Clinical Molecular Regulation Section/Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Ang Bian
- 1 The Wistar Institute , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Yan Li
- 1 The Wistar Institute , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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