Solvent effect and solubility modeling of rebamipide in twelve solvents at different temperatures

Experimental measurement, thermodynamic analysis, and mathematical modeling for budesonide solubility in 1-propanol + water mixtures at T = (293.2 to 313.2) K

Budesonide (BDS) a steroid-based anti-inflammatory drug widely prescribed for various diseases, has a low aqueous solubility. In this study, we investigated cosolvency approach to study the thermodynamic specifications related to the solubility of BDS at the temperature range of 293.2-313.2 K in (1-propanol + water) mixtures applying the shaking flask method. The predictive power of different mathematical models for experimental data in the cosolvency systems was evaluated. For this purpose, the linear and nonlinear mathematical equations such as van't Hoff model (as a linear model), Buchowski-Ksiazczak equation (as a non-linear), CNIBS/R-K and MRS models (as a linear model for solvent composition at an isothermal condition), modified Wilson model (as a non-linear model for isothermal condition), the Jouyban-Acree model (as a model that considers temperature and solvent composition), and Jouyban-Acree-van't Hoff model (as a model with no further input data) were studied. Also, the Williams-Amidon excess Gibbs energy model was investigated. In addition, the related apparent thermodynamics of the BDS dissolution process in the desired temperature such as Gibbs free energy, enthalpy, and entropy, were computed by the corresponding equations. Moreover, based on the inverse Kirkwood-Buff integrals, it is demonstrated that BDS is preferentially solvated by water in water-rich mixtures. The accuracy of the fitness was evaluated with mean relative deviations (MRDs%) for back-calculated molar BDS solubility data. The result showed that the maximum solubility of BDS was obtained at 0.7 mass fraction of 1-propanol at all temperatures. Thermodynamic studies demonstrated that BDS dissolution procedures were obtained as endothermic and entropy-driven in almost all cases. The overall MRDs% values for the back-computed BDS solubility in the aqueous mixture of 1-propanol based on van't Hoff model, Buchowski-Ksiazczak equation, CNIBS/R-K model, modified Wilson model, Jouyban-Acree model, Jouyban-Acree-van't Hoff model, MRS model, and Williams-Amidon excess Gibbs energy model were found 1.93%, 1.80%, 11.68%, 33.32%, 12.30%, 9.24%, 10.70%, and 6.57%, respectively.

Descriptors for some Compounds with Pharmacological Activity; Calculation of Properties

Abraham model solute descriptors have been determined for nisoldipine, nizatidine, loratadine, zonisamide, oxaprozin, rebamipide, domperidone, temozolomide, 'florfenicol', florfenicol A, dapsone, chrysin, benorilate, β-lapachone, and Ipriflavone based on published partition coefficients, molar solubilities and gas chromatographic retention indices. The calculated solute descriptors, combined with our previously published Abraham model correlations, are used to predict several important physicochemical and biological properties, such as air-water, air-blood, air-lung, air-fat, air-skin, water-lipid, water-membrane and water-skin partition coefficients, as well as permeation from water through skin.

Pure Trans-Resveratrol Nanoparticles Prepared by A Supercritical Antisolvent Process Using Alcohol and Dichloromethane Mixtures: Effect of Particle Size on Dissolution and Bioavailability in Rats

The aim of this study was to prepare pure trans-resveratrol nanoparticles without additives (surfactants, polymers, and sugars) using a supercritical antisolvent (SAS) process with alcohol (methanol or ethanol) and dichloromethane mixtures. In addition, in order to investigate the effect of particle size on the dissolution and oral bioavailability of the trans-resveratrol, two microparticles with different sizes (1.94 μm and 18.75 μm) were prepared using two different milling processes, and compared to trans-resveratrol nanoparticles prepared by the SAS process. The solid-state properties of pure trans-resveratrol particles were characterized. By increasing the percentage of dichloromethane in the solvent mixtures, the mean particle size of trans-resveratrol was decreased, whereas its specific surface area was increased. The particle size could thus be controlled by solvent composition. Trans-resveratrol nanoparticle with a mean particle size of 0.17 μm was prepared by the SAS process using the ethanol/dichloromethane mixture at a ratio of 25/75 (w/w). The in vitro dissolution rate of trans-resveratrol in fasted state-simulated gastric fluid was significantly improved by the reduction of particle size, resulting in enhanced oral bioavailability in rats. The absolute bioavailability of trans-resveratrol nanoparticles was 25.2%. The maximum plasma concentration values were well correlated with the in vitro dissolution rate. These findings clearly indicate that the oral bioavailability of trans-resveratrol can be enhanced by preparing pure trans-resveratrol nanoparticles without additives (surfactants, polymers, and sugars) by the SAS process. These pure trans-resveratrol nanoparticles can be applied as an active ingredient for the development of health supplements, pharmaceutical products, and cosmetic products.