1
|
Wang Y, Liu W, Zang Z, Luo Y, Sun S, Zhang S, Russell TP, Shi S, Wu Z. Amphiphilic Polyphosphazene for Fluorocarbon Emulsion Stabilization. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2312275. [PMID: 38573924 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202312275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
High internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) have been of great interest for fabricating fluorinated porous polymers having controlled pore structures and excellent physicochemical properties. However, it remains a challenge to prepare stable fluorocarbon HIPEs, due to the lack of suitable surfactants. By randomly grating hydrophilic and fluorophilic side chains to polyphosphazene (PPZ), a comb-like amphiphilic PPZ surfactant with biodegradability is designed and synthesized for stabilizing water/fluorocarbon oil-based emulsions. The hydrophilic-lipophilic balance of PPZs can be controlled by tuning the grating ratio of the two side chains, leading to the preparation of stable water-in-oil HIPEs and oil-in-water emulsions, and the production of fluorinated porous polymers and particles by polymerizing the oil phase. These fluorinated porous polymers show excellent thermal stability and, due to the hydrophobicity and porous structure, applications in the field of oil/water separation can be achieved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongkang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zhiyi Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yuzheng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Shuyi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Shuangkun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Thomas P Russell
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Shaowei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for the Synthesis and Applications of Waterborne Polymers, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zhanpeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Guo S, Guo Y, Huang M, Qian L, Su Z, Chen QY, Wu C, Liu C. Synthesis, Surface Activity, and Foamability of Two Short-Chain Fluorinated Sulfonate Surfactants with Ether Bonds. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:14519-14527. [PMID: 37802506 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Fluorinated surfactants are widely used in many fields because of their excellent surface active properties, but their high stability has caused many environmental problems. With the ban and restriction of classical long-chain fluorinated surfactants such as perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) worldwide, the development and replacement of their alternatives is now a major challenge. How to reduce environmental persistence, bioaccumulation, and biotoxicity while maintaining high surface activity has become an important issue in the development of fluorinated surfactants. Using short-chain fluorinated surfactants is one of the important solutions to resolve the pollution of organic fluorinated compounds. In this article, we synthesized two short-chain fluorinated surfactants with ether bonds. One of them 6:2 FTESNa (2) used the perfluoroalkyl chain (n-C6F13-) and the other C72 FEESNa (4) used the fluoroether segment with six fluorinated carbons and two oxygens (CF3OCF(CF3)CF2OCF(CF3)). The surface activity, foam performance, and wettability of the two molecules were measured. The surface tensions at critical micelle concentration (γcmc) and the critical micelle concentration (cmc) of 2 and 4 were 17.6 mN/m (2.2 g/L) and 20.2 mN/m (4.6 g/L), respectively. Both of them were significantly superior to the surface activity of 6:2 FTSNa (7) which is one of the current alternatives for PFOS. Additionally, the foamability and foam stability of both 2 and 4 were better than that of 7. In the aspect of wettability on PTFE, that of 4 was greater than those of 2 and 7. In summary, this work provided a new choice for alternatives of PFOS and PFOA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanwei Guo
- School of Chemical and Environment Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Yong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Meiwei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Libo Qian
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhaoben Su
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qing-Yun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chengying Wu
- Sanming Hexafluo Chemicals Company, Ltd., Fluorinated New Material Industry Park, Mingxi, Sanming, Fujian 365200, China
| | - Chao Liu
- School of Chemical and Environment Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jia X, Wei R, Xu B, Liu H, Xu BC. Green Synthesis, Surface Activity, Micellar Aggregation, and Foam Properties of Amide Quaternary Ammonium Surfactants. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:48240-48249. [PMID: 36591167 PMCID: PMC9798752 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A series of amide quaternary ammonium surfactants with the formula C n H2n+1CONH(CH2)2N+(CH3)3·CH3CO3 - (n = 9, 11, 13, 15) were synthesized using a fatty acid, N,N-dimethylethylenediamine, and a green reagent dimethyl carbonate. A comparative study of the four surfactants in terms of surface activity, aggregation characteristics, and foam properties was conducted. The results show that these amide quaternary ammonium surfactants reduce the surface tension of water to a minimum value of 23.69 mN·m-1 at a concentration of 1.55 × 10-4 mol·L-1 and self-assemble spontaneously into aggregates, which are mostly vesicles. Furthermore, with increasing the alkyl chain length, their critical micelle concentration (CMC) values and surface tension values at the CMC (γCMC) decrease and then increase, and the degree of counterion binding (β) decreases. It is also found that these amide quaternary ammonium surfactants exhibit excellent foam ability and foam stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinru Jia
- School
of Light Industry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Flavor Chemistry, Beijing
Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Food Additives and
Ingredients, Beijing Technology and Business
University, No. 11 Fucheng Road, Beijing100048, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Ran Wei
- School
of Light Industry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Flavor Chemistry, Beijing
Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Food Additives and
Ingredients, Beijing Technology and Business
University, No. 11 Fucheng Road, Beijing100048, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Bo Xu
- McIntire
School of Commerce, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia22903, United States
| | - Hongqin Liu
- School
of Light Industry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Flavor Chemistry, Beijing
Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Food Additives and
Ingredients, Beijing Technology and Business
University, No. 11 Fucheng Road, Beijing100048, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Bao-Cai Xu
- School
of Light Industry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Flavor Chemistry, Beijing
Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Food Additives and
Ingredients, Beijing Technology and Business
University, No. 11 Fucheng Road, Beijing100048, People’s Republic
of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Promoting Efficacy and Environmental Safety of Pesticide Synergists via Non-Ionic Gemini Surfactants with Short Fluorocarbon Chains. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27196753. [PMID: 36235302 PMCID: PMC9572613 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Improving the utilization rate of pesticides is key to achieve a reduction and synergism, and adding appropriate surfactant to pesticide preparation is an effective way to improve pesticide utilization. Fluorinated surfactants have excellent surface activity, thermal and chemical stability, but long-chain linear perfluoroalkyl derivatives are highly toxic, obvious persistence and high bioaccumulation in the environment. Therefore, new strategies for designing fluorinated surfactants which combine excellent surface activity and environmental safety would be useful. In this study, four non-ionic gemini surfactants with short fluorocarbon chains were synthesized. The surface activities of the resulting surfactants were assessed on the basis of equilibrium surface tension, dynamic surface tension, and contact angle. Compared with their monomeric counterparts, the gemini surfactants had markedly lower critical micelle concentrations and higher diffusivities, as well as better wetting abilities. We selected a single-chain surfactant and a gemini surfactant with good surface activities as synergists for the glyphosate water agent. Both surfactants clearly improved the efficacy of the herbicide, but the gemini surfactant had a significantly greater effect than the single-chain surfactant. An acute toxicity test indicated that the gemini surfactant showed slight toxicity to rats.
Collapse
|
5
|
Yu X, Qiu K, Yu X, Li Q, Zong R, Lu S. Stability and thinning behaviour of aqueous foam films containing fluorocarbon and hydrocarbon surfactant mixtures. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
6
|
Fluorinated surfactants: A review on recent progress on synthesis and oilfield applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 303:102634. [PMID: 35305443 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The selection of appropriate chemicals and the synthetic method plays an important role in oilfield application. The objectives of this study are to describe the various synthetic route for the preparation of fluorinated surfactants and highlight their oilfield applications. Fluorinated surfactants are the type of surfactants where the hydrophobic tail is either partially fluorinated or replaced totally with fluorine molecules. Fluorinated surfactants have distinct properties compared to corresponding hydrocarbon surfactants such as lower surface tension, better efficiency in lowering the interfacial tension, both oleophobic and hydrophobic nature, high thermal stability, and better chemical tolerance. These properties make them a material of choice for several applications which include but are not limited to fire-fighting, household items, foaming, coating, and paints. Despite these attractive properties, environmental concerns associated with fluorinated surfactants is a major hurdle in extending the application of such surfactants. This review discusses the various synthetic routes for the synthesis of different classes of surfactants such as cationic, anionic, non-ionic, and zwitterionic surfactants. The fundamental surface/interface properties of the synthesized surfactants are also highlighted. In addition, the review highlights the application of fluorinated surfactants in the oil & gas industry.
Collapse
|
7
|
Surface activity, wetting and foaming properties of amine-oxidized nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant and hydrocarbon anionic surfactants mixtures at low concentrations. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
8
|
Feng J, Yan Z, Song J, He J, Zhao G, Fan H. Study on the structure-activity relationship between the molecular structure of sulfate gemini surfactant and surface activity, thermodynamic properties and foam properties. Chem Eng Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2021.116857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
9
|
Microscopic Diffusion Characteristics of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonates on the Surface of Anthracite: The Influence of Different Attachment Sites of Benzene Ring in the Backbone. MINERALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/min11101045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In order to explore the effect of the attachment site of the benzene ring in the backbone of the surfactant on its diffusion characteristics on the surface of anthracite, the molecular dynamics simulation method was used, and the four isomers (m-C16, m = 2,4,6,8; m represents the attachment site of the benzene ring in the backbone) of sodium hexadecyl benzene sulfonate (SHS) were selected. Binary models of surfactant/anthracite, surfactant/graphene modified by oxygen-containing functional groups, and a ternary model of water/surfactant/anthracite were constructed. By analyzing a series of properties such as interaction energy, contact surface area, relative concentration distribution, radial distribution function, hydrophobic tail chain order parameter, etc., it is concluded that the adsorption strength of 4-C16 on the surface of anthracite is the highest; the reason is that 4-C16 has the highest degree of aggregation near the oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of anthracite. Further investigations find that 4-C16 can be densely covered on the ketone group, and the longer branch chain of 4-C16 has the highest degree of order in the Z-axis direction.
Collapse
|
10
|
Liao YF, Zhou MH, Zhang Y, Peng YY, Jian JX, Lu F, Tong QX. Facile synthesis and marked pH-responsive behavior of novel foaming agents based on amide- and ester-linked morpholine fluorosurfactants. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
11
|
Amani P, Karakashev SI, Grozev NA, Simeonova SS, Miller R, Rudolph V, Firouzi M. Effect of selected monovalent salts on surfactant stabilized foams. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 295:102490. [PMID: 34385000 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Surfactant-stabilized foams have been at the centre of scientific research for over a century due to their ubiquitous applications in different industries. Many of these applications involve inorganic salts either due to their natural presence (e.g. use of seawater in froth floatation) or their addition (e.g. in cosmetics) to manipulate foam characteristics for the best outcomes. This paper provides a clear understanding of the effect of salts on surfactant-stabilized foams through a critical literature survey of this topic. Available literature shows a double effect of salts (LiCl, NaCl and KCl) on foam characteristics in the presence of surfactants. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms of the stabilizing effect of salts on foams, the effect of salts on surfactant-free thin liquid films is first discussed, followed by a discussion on the effect of salts on surfactant-stabilized foams with the focus on anionic surfactants. We discuss two distinctive salt concentrations, salt transition concentration in surfactant-free solutions and salt critical concentration in surfactant-laden systems to explain their effects. Using the available data in literature supported by dedicated experiments, we demonstrate the destabilizing effect of salts on foams at and above their critical concentrations in the presence of anionic surfactants. This effect is attributed to retarding the adsorption of the surfactant molecules at the interface due to the formation of nano and micro-scale aggregates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pouria Amani
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia 4072, Australia
| | | | - Nikolay A Grozev
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Sofia, Sofia 1164, Bulgaria
| | | | - Reinhard Miller
- Department of Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - Victor Rudolph
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia 4072, Australia
| | - Mahshid Firouzi
- Newcastle Institute for Energy and Resources, The Uniersity of Newcastle, Callaghan 2308, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Surface modification of sodium bicarbonate ultrafine powder extinguishing agent by environmental friendly fluorinated acrylate copolymers. Polym Degrad Stab 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2021.109558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
13
|
|
14
|
Yekeen N, Malik AA, Idris AK, Reepei NI, Ganie K. Foaming properties, wettability alteration and interfacial tension reduction by saponin extracted from soapnut ( Sapindus Mukorossi) at room and reservoir conditions. JOURNAL OF PETROLEUM SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2020; 195:107591. [PMID: 32834477 PMCID: PMC7334665 DOI: 10.1016/j.petrol.2020.107591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a natural surfactant, saponin was isolated from soapnut (Sapindus Mukorossi). The extracted surfactant was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. The effectiveness of the isolated surfactant as EOR agent was evaluated from foam generation/stabilization properties, wettability alteration of the rock surfaces, as well as oil-water interfacial tension (IFT) reduction characteristics. The performance of the extracted saponin was compared with that of a commercial saponin and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The foaming properties of the saponin with carbon dioxide (CO2) was characterized using Teclis Foamscan instrument at room condition and 60 °C. The IFT and contact angles at room conditions and reservoir conditions were measured using KRŰSS Drop Shape Analyzer (DSA 25 and DSA 100) via pendant drop and sessile drop techniques respectively. The foamability of the saponin-stabilized foam was good at ambient condition and 60 °C. Moreover, the time taken for almost 100% liquid drainage was higher in saponin-stabilized foam than the SDS-stabilized foam. The optimum concentration for attaining maximum foam stability decreased from 0.4 wt% at room temperature to 0.1 wt% at 60 °C. Signifying that the quantity of the surfactant to be used in foam generation could reduce at high temperature. The isolated saponin exhibited relatively good interfacial activities individually and in synergistic interaction with silicon dioxide (SiO2) nanoparticles at reservoir conditions. Precisely, at 8 MPa and 80 °C, the crude-oil water IFT was reduced from 23.24 mN/m to 1.59 mN/m (about 93.2%) by 0.2 wt% saponin concentration. The IFT was further reduced to 0.87 mN/m (about 96.3%) by a mixed system of 0.5 wt% saponin and 0.05 wt% SiO2 nanoparticles concentration. Increasing IFT with increasing temperature were observed at very high temperature due to phase separation resulting from clouding phenomenon. However, the clouding temperature increased with 0.1 wt% saponin concentration, and in presence of SiO2 nanoparticles (0.05 wt% and 0.1 wt%). The study suggests that the extracted saponin could be considered as supplementary alternative to conventional EOR surfactants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nurudeen Yekeen
- Institute of Hydrocarbon Recovery, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
- Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Technology and Built Environment, UCSI University, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azlinda Abdul Malik
- Institute of Hydrocarbon Recovery, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, Faculty of Geoscience and Petroleum Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Kamal Idris
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Univesiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Nadia Izwani Reepei
- Institute of Hydrocarbon Recovery, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Kenny Ganie
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, Faculty of Geoscience and Petroleum Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|