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Qiu X, Wang B, Wang R, Kozhevnikov IV. New Adsorption Materials for Deep Desulfurization of Fuel Oil. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:1803. [PMID: 38673161 PMCID: PMC11051565 DOI: 10.3390/ma17081803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, due to the rapid growth of mankind's demand for energy, harmful gases (SOx) produced by the combustion of sulfur-containing compounds in fuel oil have caused serious problems to the ecological environment and human health. Therefore, in order to solve this hidden danger from the source, countries around the world have created increasingly strict standards for the sulfur content in fuel. Adsorption desulfurization technology has attracted wide attention due to its advantages of energy saving and low operating cost. This paper reviewed the latest research progress on various porous adsorption materials. The future challenges and research directions of adsorption materials to meet the needs of clean fuels are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Qiu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, No. 72 Seaside Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Bingquan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, No. 72 Seaside Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Ivan V. Kozhevnikov
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, UK;
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2
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Saini N, Negi M, Yadav P, Singh R. Oxidative desulfurization of fuels using alcohol-based DESs. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-33093-4. [PMID: 38584233 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33093-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The presence of sulfur-containing compounds in fuel oil has become a major global issue due to their release of toxic sulfur dioxide. Hydrodesulfurization is a commonly used method for removing sulfur from fuel. However, new desulfurization techniques have been developed recently as hydrodesulfurization (HDS) is ineffective in removing refractory sulfur, e.g., BT, DBT, 4-MDBT. In this study, a series of deep eutectic solvent (DES) using ChCl, salicylic acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, and adipic acid as hydrogen bond acceptors and MeOH, EtOH, BuOH, EG, DEG, and TEG as hydrogen bond donors on different mole ratios were synthesized and then investigated the efficiency of these DESs in extracting sulfur from model and diesel fuel. Densities, viscosity, refractive index, and FTIR spectra of synthesized DESs were recorded. It also included oxidative desulfurization, which is a promising approach offering high selectivity, mild reaction conditions, low cost, and high efficiency. Hydrogen peroxide was selected as the oxidant in this study due to its excellent performance, commercial availability, and high proportion of active oxygen. [Citric acid: TEG] [1:7] and [adipic acid: TEG] [1:8] were found to be the most effective, removing up to 44.07% and 42.53% sulfur from model oil during single-stage extraction at 30 °C using a solvent-to-feed ratio of 1.0 and was increased to 86.87% and 85.06% using successive extraction up to the fourth stage. On oxidation, extraction efficiencies were reported to be 98.98%, 87.79%, and 56.25% and 96.96%, 81.22%, and 44.51% for model oil containing DBT and diesel 1 and diesel 2 with DES [citric acid: TEG] [1:7] and [adipic acid: TEG] [1:8] respectively at 30 °C using a solvent-to-feed ratio of 1.0. The study found that [citric acid: TEG] [1:7] exhibits better extraction performance in the deep desulfurization of fuels at an extraction temperature of 30 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Saini
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum Dehradun, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Mansi Negi
- Department of Chemistry, Doon University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Pooja Yadav
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum Dehradun, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Rajkumar Singh
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum Dehradun, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
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Yu G, Dai C, Liu N, Xu R, Wang N, Chen B. Hydrocarbon Extraction with Ionic Liquids. Chem Rev 2024; 124:3331-3391. [PMID: 38447150 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Separation and reaction processes are key components employed in the modern chemical industry, and the former accounts for the majority of the energy consumption therein. In particular, hydrocarbon separation and purification processes, such as aromatics extraction, desulfurization, and denitrification, are challenging in petroleum refinement, an industrial cornerstone that provides raw materials for products used in human activities. The major technical shortcomings in solvent extraction are volatile solvent loss, product entrainment leading to secondary pollution, low separation efficiency, and high regeneration energy consumption due to the use of traditional organic solvents with high boiling points as extraction agents. Ionic liquids (ILs), a class of designable functional solvents or materials, have been widely used in chemical separation processes to replace conventional organic solvents after nearly 30 years of rapid development. Herein, we provide a systematic and comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art progress in ILs in the field of extractive hydrocarbon separation (i.e., aromatics extraction, desulfurization, and denitrification) including (i) molecular thermodynamic models of IL systems that enable rapid large-scale screening of IL candidates and phase equilibrium prediction of extraction processes; (ii) structure-property relationships between anionic and cationic structures of ILs and their separation performance (i.e., selectivity and distribution coefficients); (iii) IL-related extractive separation mechanisms (e.g., the magnitude, strength, and sites of intermolecular interactions depending on the separation system and IL structure); and (iv) process simulation and design of IL-related extraction at the industrial scale based on validated thermodynamic models. In short, this Review provides an easy-to-read exhaustive reference on IL-related extractive separation of hydrocarbon mixtures from the multiscale perspective of molecules, thermodynamics, and processes. It also extends to progress in IL analogs, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) in this research area, and discusses the current challenges faced by ILs in related separation fields as well as future directions and opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangqiang Yu
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Ping Le Yuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Chengna Dai
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Ping Le Yuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Ping Le Yuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Ruinian Xu
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Ping Le Yuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Ping Le Yuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Biaohua Chen
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Ping Le Yuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China
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Coscarella M, Nardi M, Alipieva K, Bonacci S, Popova M, Procopio A, Scarpelli R, Simeonov S. Alternative Assisted Extraction Methods of Phenolic Compounds Using NaDESs. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 13:62. [PMID: 38247486 PMCID: PMC10812405 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
A renewed understanding of eco-friendly principles is moving the industrial sector toward a shift in the utilization of less harmful solvents as a main strategy to improve manufacturing. Green analytical chemistry (GAC) has definitely paved the way for this transition by presenting green solvents to a larger audience. Among the most promising, surely DESs (deep eutectic solvents), NaDESs (natural deep eutectic solvents), HDESs (hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents), and HNaDESs (hydrophobic natural deep eutectic solvents), with their unique features, manifest a wide-range of applications, including their use as a means for the extraction of small bioactive compounds. In examining recent advancements, in this review, we want to focus our attention on some of the most interesting and novel 'solvent-free' extraction techniques, such as microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) in relation to the possibility of better exploiting DESs and NaDESs as plausible extracting solvents of the phenolic compounds (PCs) present in different matrices from olive oil components, such as virgin olive pomace, olive leaves and twigs, virgin and extra virgin olive oil (VOO and EVOO, respectively), and olive cake and olive mill wastewaters (OMWW). Therefore, the status of DESs and NaDESs is shown in terms of their nature, efficacy and selectivity in the extraction of bioactive phytochemicals such as secoiridoids, lignans, phenolic acids and alcohols. Related studies on experimental design and processes' optimization of the most promising DESs/NaDESs are also reviewed. In this framework, an extensive list of relevant works found in the literature is described to consider DESs/NaDESs as a suitable alternative to petrochemicals in cosmetics, pharmaceutical, or food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Coscarella
- Department of Health Sciences, Università “Magna Græcia” di Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Campus Universitario “S. Venuta”, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.C.); (S.B.); (A.P.); (R.S.)
| | - Monica Nardi
- Department of Health Sciences, Università “Magna Græcia” di Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Campus Universitario “S. Venuta”, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.C.); (S.B.); (A.P.); (R.S.)
| | - Kalina Alipieva
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bontchev Str. Bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (K.A.); (M.P.); (S.S.)
| | - Sonia Bonacci
- Department of Health Sciences, Università “Magna Græcia” di Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Campus Universitario “S. Venuta”, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.C.); (S.B.); (A.P.); (R.S.)
| | - Milena Popova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bontchev Str. Bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (K.A.); (M.P.); (S.S.)
| | - Antonio Procopio
- Department of Health Sciences, Università “Magna Græcia” di Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Campus Universitario “S. Venuta”, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.C.); (S.B.); (A.P.); (R.S.)
| | - Rosa Scarpelli
- Department of Health Sciences, Università “Magna Græcia” di Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Campus Universitario “S. Venuta”, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.C.); (S.B.); (A.P.); (R.S.)
| | - Svilen Simeonov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bontchev Str. Bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (K.A.); (M.P.); (S.S.)
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Ugwuoji ET, Nwagu TNT, Ezeogu LI. Detergent-stable amylase production by Paenibacillus lactis strain OPSA3 isolated from soil; optimization by response surface methodology. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 39:e00808. [PMID: 37528864 PMCID: PMC10388169 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2023.e00808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to isolate thermostable, alkaliphilic, and detergent-tolerant amylase-producing bacteria. Pure isolates from environmental samples were screened on a starch-based medium (pH 11), and selected isolates were identified using cultural and molecular techniques. Product optimization studies were conducted, and secreted amylase was partially purified using 40% (w/v) saturation ammonium sulfate at 4 °C. The wash performance of concentrated amylase was analyzed. A novel isolate, Paenibacillus lactis OPSA3, was selected for further studies. The isolate produced amylase optimally when grown on banana peels and soybean extracts, which are agro-wastes. Optimization by Response surface Methodology resulted in a 2.1-fold increase in alkaliphilic amylase production. A 2.46-fold purification was achieved, with an enzyme activity yield of 79.53% and specific activity of 26.19 Umg-1. Wash performance analysis using the amylase supplemented with boiled commercial detergent (kiln®) showed good cleaning efficiency. The amylase has the potential for application as a component of green detergent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Tobechukwu Ugwuoji
- Department of Applied Microbiology and Brewing, Faculty of Biosciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Tochukwu Nwamaka T. Nwagu
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Lewis Iheanacho Ezeogu
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
- UNESCO International Centre for Biotechnology, Nsukka, Nigeria
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Saeed M, Firdous A, Zaman MS, Izhar F, Riaz M, Haider S, Majeed M, Tariq S. MOFs
for desulfurization of fuel oil: Recent advances and future insights. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202200546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saeed
- School of Chemistry University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan
| | - Aswa Firdous
- Department of Chemistry Quaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saleh Zaman
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS) Lahore Pakistan
| | - Fatima Izhar
- School of Chemistry University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan
| | - Mubeshar Riaz
- School of Chemistry University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan
| | - Sabah Haider
- School of Chemistry University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan
| | - Muzamil Majeed
- School of Chemistry University of the Punjab Lahore Pakistan
| | - Shahzaib Tariq
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS) Lahore Pakistan
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7
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Hydrogen bonding boosted oxidative desulfurization by ZnCl2/boric acid/polyethylene glycol-based ternary deep eutectic solvents. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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8
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Towards the Sustainable Production of Ultra-Low-Sulfur Fuels through Photocatalytic Oxidation. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12091036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, the sulfur-containing compounds are removed from motor fuels through the traditional hydrodesulfurization technology, which takes place under harsh reaction conditions (temperature of 350–450 °C and pressure of 30–60 atm) in the presence of catalysts based on alumina with impregnated cobalt and molybdenum. According to the principles of green chemistry, energy requirements should be recognized for their environmental and economic impacts and should be minimized, i.e., the chemical processes should be carried out at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure. This approach could be implemented using photocatalysts that are sensitive to visible light. The creation of highly active photocatalytic systems for the deep purification of fuels from sulfur compounds becomes an important task of modern catalysis science. The present critical review reports recent progress over the last 5 years in heterogeneous photocatalytic desulfurization under visible light irradiation. Specific attention is paid to the methods for boosting the photocatalytic activity of materials, with a focus on the creation of heterojunctions as the most promising approach. This review also discusses the influence of operating parameters (nature of oxidant, molar ratio of oxidant/sulfur-containing compounds, photocatalyst loading, etc.) on the reaction efficiency. Some perspectives and future research directions on photocatalytic desulfurization are also provided.
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Yu G, Jin D, Li X, Zhang F, Tian S, Qu Y, Zhou Z, Ren Z. Extractive desulfurization of model fuels with a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ionic liquid. Front Chem Sci Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-022-2167-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Li B, Li Q, Wang Q, Yan X, Shi M, Wu C. Deep eutectic solvent for spent lithium-ion battery recycling: comparison with inorganic acid leaching. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:19029-19051. [PMID: 35938373 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05968h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as novel green solvents are potential options to replace inorganic acids for hydrometallurgy. Compared with inorganic acids, the physicochemical properties of DESs and their applications in recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries were summarized. The viscosity, metal solubility, toxicological properties and biodegradation of DESs depend on the hydrogen bond donor (HBD) and acceptor (HBA). The viscosity of ChCl-based DESs increased according to the HBD in the following order: alcohols < carboxylic acids < sugars < inorganic salts. The strongly coordinating HBDs increased the solubility of metal oxide via surface complexation reactions followed by ligand exchange for chloride in the bulk solvent. Interestingly, the safety and degradability of DESs reported in the literature are superior to those of inorganic acids. Both DESs and inorganic acids have excellent metal leaching efficiencies (>99%). However, the reaction kinetics of DESs are 2-3 orders of magnitude slower than those of inorganic acids. A significant advantage of DESs is that they can be regenerated and recycled multiple times after recovering metals by electrochemical deposition or precipitation. In the future, the development of efficient and selective DESs still requires a lot of attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bensheng Li
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
| | - Qingzhu Li
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China. .,Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha, 410083, China.,Water Pollution Control Technology Key Lab of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Qingwei Wang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China. .,Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, Changsha, 410083, China.,Water Pollution Control Technology Key Lab of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Xuelei Yan
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
| | - Miao Shi
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
| | - Chao Wu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
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Urea-dithiocarbamic acid functionalized magnetic nanoparticles modified with Ch-Cl: catalytic application for the synthesis of novel hybrid pyridones via cooperative geminal-vinylogous anomeric-based oxidation. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Töpfer K, Pasti A, Das A, Salehi SM, Vazquez-Salazar LI, Rohrbach D, Feurer T, Hamm P, Meuwly M. Structure, Organization, and Heterogeneity of Water-Containing Deep Eutectic Solvents. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:14170-14180. [PMID: 35895323 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c04169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The spectroscopy and structural dynamics of a deep eutectic mixture (KSCN/acetamide) with varying water content is investigated from 2D IR (with the C-N stretch vibration of the SCN- anions as the reporter) and THz spectroscopy. Molecular dynamics simulations correctly describe the nontrivial dependence of both spectroscopic signatures depending on water content. For the 2D IR spectra, the MD simulations relate the steep increase in the cross-relaxation rate at high water content to the parallel alignment of packed SCN- anions. Conversely, the nonlinear increase of the THz absorption with increasing water content is mainly attributed to the formation of larger water clusters. The results demonstrate that a combination of structure-sensitive spectroscopies and molecular dynamics simulations provides molecular-level insights into the emergence of heterogeneity of such mixtures by modulating their composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Töpfer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Pasti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Anuradha Das
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | | | | | - David Rohrbach
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Feurer
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Peter Hamm
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Markus Meuwly
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
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Kumar N, Naik PK, Banerjee T. Molecular Dynamic Insights into the Distinct Solvation Structures of Aromatic and Aliphatic Compounds in Monoethanolamine-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:4925-4938. [PMID: 35762502 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c01735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are developing as an alternate medium for aromatic extraction, especially benzene and thiophene from aliphatic hydrocarbon mixtures. In this work, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were first used to investigate the solvation structure of benzene, thiophene, and n-hexane in monoethanolamine-based DESs. It reveals the liquid structures in the adjacent neighbor shells, which is a function of electron-withdrawing sulfur attached to thiophene and the π-electron cloud of benzene. The intermolecular forces between aromatic, aliphatic, and DES components are analyzed in van der Waals and hydrogen bond interactions. The chloride ions serve as a charge carrier bridge between choline and monoethanolamine precursors. The solvation of benzene, thiophene, and n-hexane in the DESs depends on volume expansion and minor solvent structural changes. Density functional theory results provided information on the mechanism of short-range interactions between organic solutes and studied DES. It aids in understanding the structural orientations of a DES with the addition of solutes, essential to the formation of DES. The solvation shell structure and characteristics were investigated in tandem with the possibility of benzene and thiophene clustering. The 1H NMR and 2D 1H-1H-NOESY were used to investigate the intermolecular interactions between benzene, thiophene, and n-hexane with monoethanolamine-based solvents. It concludes that high-ordered DES1 is more inclined to higher solubility than lower-ordered ones with a higher molar ratio of monoethanolamine. The solvation was reduced because the entropy gain was not maximized in the lower ordered DESs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Papu Kumar Naik
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Tamal Banerjee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
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14
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Li SM, Ping QD, Liu XM, Wang JL, Li JN, Zang TT, Mei H, Xu Y. Exceptional structure flexibility and adaptive catalytic desulfurization of a cyclic decanuclear polyoxoalkoxyvanadate (Ⅲ). J SOLID STATE CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2022.123361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Zhang W, Dai Y, Xing J, Chen Z, Liu X, Cui P, Zhu Z, gao J, Wang Y. Molecular mechanism and extraction performance evaluation of diethylene glycol-based DES for extraction desulfurization process of fuel oil. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.118785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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16
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Abdurrashid H, Merican ZMA, Musa SG. Recent advances in catalytic oxidative desulfurization of fuel oil – A review. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2022.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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17
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Synthesis and Characterization of Bi2WxMo1−xO6 Solid Solutions and Their Application in Photocatalytic Desulfurization under Visible Light. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10040789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Photocatalytic oxidative desulfurization has attracted much attention in recent years due to the continuous tightening of the sulfur content requirements in motor fuels and the disadvantages of the industrial hydrodesulfurization process. This work is devoted to the investigation of the photocatalytic activity of Bi2WxMo1−xO6 solid solutions (x = 1, 0.75, 0.5, 0.25, 0) in the oxidative desulfurization of hydrocarbons under visible light irradiation using hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant. The synthesized photocatalysts were characterized in detail using XRD, SEM, EDS, low-temperature nitrogen adsorption–desorption, and DRS. It was shown that the use of solid solutions Bi2WxMo1−xO6 with x = 0.5–0.75 leads to the complete oxidation of organosulfur compounds to CO2 and H2O within 120 min. The high photocatalytic activity of solid solutions (x = 0.5–0.75) is attributed to their ability to absorb more visible light, the presence of the corner-shared [Mo/WO6] octahedral layers, which may promote the generation and separation of photogenerated charges, and the hierarchical 3D flower-like structure. The reaction mechanism of the desulfurization was also analyzed in this work.
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18
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Bai Y, Xin Y, Liu J, Ma L, Li G. Construction of H
6
PW
9
V
3
O
40
@
rht
‐MOF‐1 for deep oxidative desulfurization of fuel oil. Appl Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Bai
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (MOE); School of Chemistry and Materials Science Heilongjiang University Harbin Heilongjiang China
| | - Yuxiang Xin
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (MOE); School of Chemistry and Materials Science Heilongjiang University Harbin Heilongjiang China
| | - Jiabin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (MOE); School of Chemistry and Materials Science Heilongjiang University Harbin Heilongjiang China
| | - Liqiang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (MOE); School of Chemistry and Materials Science Heilongjiang University Harbin Heilongjiang China
| | - Guangming Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (MOE); School of Chemistry and Materials Science Heilongjiang University Harbin Heilongjiang China
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19
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Balali M, Sobati MA, Gorji AE. QSPR modeling of thiophene distribution between deep eutectic solvent (DES) and hydrocarbon phases: Effect of hydrogen bond donor (HBD) structure. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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20
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Carbon-Based Materials for Oxidative Desulfurization and Denitrogenation of Fuels: A Review. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11101239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sulfur (S) and nitrogen (N) are elements naturally found in petroleum-based fuels. S- and N-based compounds in liquid fuels are associated with a series of health and environmental issues. Thus, legislation has become stricter worldwide regarding their content and related emissions. Traditional treatment systems (namely hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrogenation) fail to achieve the desired levels of S and N contents in fuels without compromising combustion parameters. Thus, oxidative treatments (oxidative desulfurization–ODS, and oxidative denitrogenation-ODN) are emerging as alternatives to producing ultra-low-sulfur and nitrogen fuels. This paper presents a thorough review of ODS and ODN processes applying carbon-based materials, either in hybrid forms or as catalysts on their own. Focus is brought to the role of the carbonaceous structure in oxidative treatments. Furthermore, a special section related to the use of amphiphilic carbon-based catalysts, which have some advantages related to a closer interaction with the oily and aqueous phases, is discussed.
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21
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Eseva EA, Lukashov MO, Cherednichenko KA, Levin IS, Akopyan AV. Heterogeneous Catalysts Containing an Anderson-Type Polyoxometalate for the Aerobic Oxidation of Sulfur-Containing Compounds. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c03201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina A. Eseva
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-3 Leninskiye Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maksim O. Lukashov
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-3 Leninskiye Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Kirill A. Cherednichenko
- Department of Physical and Colloid Chemistry, Gubkin University, 65-1 Leninsky prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan S. Levin
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, 29 Leninsky prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Argam V. Akopyan
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-3 Leninskiye Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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22
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Guo Y, Liu X, Li J, Hu B. Optimization study on deep extractive oxidative desulfurization with tetrabutylammonium bromide/polyethylene glycol DES. RSC Adv 2021; 11:31727-31737. [PMID: 35496838 PMCID: PMC9042028 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05295k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Green, efficient and inexpensive desulfurizing solvents have always been a considerable focus of petroleum desulfurization research. In this study, a series of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) based on tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB)/polyethylene glycol 200 (PEG-200) with different molar ratios were synthesized and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Dibenzothiophene (DBT) was removed deeply as the classic sulfide in model oil, and H2O2 was fully utilized by the new TBAB/PEG-200 desulfurization system in step extractive oxidative desulfurization. The reaction conditions were optimized further, and O/S = 8, DES/oil = 1 : 5, 40 °C and 75 minutes were chosen as the best reaction conditions. Meanwhile, other organic sulfides in crude oil were also removed, and the removal rates of DBT, 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene and benzothiophene were 99.65%, 96.71% and 93.52%, respectively. The DES was reused 7 times, and the desulfurization efficiency of the regenerated DES for DBT was maintained at 98.14%. Finally, the possible mechanism of the synergistic effect of two kinds of hydrogen bonds and the oxidant was proposed. Green, efficient and inexpensive desulfurizing solvents have always been a considerable focus of petroleum desulfurization research.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwen Guo
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology Wuhan 430068 China
| | - Xingjian Liu
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology Wuhan 430068 China
| | - Jingwen Li
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology Wuhan 430068 China
| | - Bing Hu
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University of Technology Wuhan 430068 China
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23
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Lim XB, Ong WJ. A current overview of the oxidative desulfurization of fuels utilizing heat and solar light: from materials design to catalysis for clean energy. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2021; 6:588-633. [PMID: 34018529 DOI: 10.1039/d1nh00127b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The ceaseless increase of pollution cases due to the tremendous consumption of fossil fuels has steered the world towards an environmental crisis and necessitated urgency to curtail noxious sulfur oxide emissions. Since the world is moving toward green chemistry, a fuel desulfurization process driven by clean technology is of paramount significance in the field of environmental remediation. Among the novel desulfurization techniques, the oxidative desulfurization (ODS) process has been intensively studied and is highlighted as the rising star to effectuate sulfur-free fuels due to its mild reaction conditions and remarkable desulfurization performances in the past decade. This critical review emphasizes the latest advances in thermal catalytic ODS and photocatalytic ODS related to the design and synthesis routes of myriad materials. This encompasses the engineering of metal oxides, ionic liquids, deep eutectic solvents, polyoxometalates, metal-organic frameworks, metal-free materials and their hybrids in the customization of advantageous properties in terms of morphology, topography, composition and electronic states. The essential connection between catalyst characteristics and performances in ODS will be critically discussed along with corresponding reaction mechanisms to provide thorough insight for shaping future research directions. The impacts of oxidant type, solvent type, temperature and other pivotal factors on the effectiveness of ODS are outlined. Finally, a summary of confronted challenges and future outlooks in the journey to ODS application is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Bin Lim
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan 43900, Malaysia. and Center of Excellence for NaNo Energy & Catalysis Technology (CONNECT), Xiamen University Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan 43900, Malaysia
| | - Wee-Jun Ong
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan 43900, Malaysia. and Center of Excellence for NaNo Energy & Catalysis Technology (CONNECT), Xiamen University Malaysia, Selangor Darul Ehsan 43900, Malaysia and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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24
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Abstract
A novel method of improving the SO2 absorption performance of sodium citrate (Ci-Na) using sodium humate (HA–Na) as an additive was put forward. The influence of different Ci-Na concentration, inlet SO2 concentration and gas flow rate on desulfurization performance were studied. The synergistic mechanism of SO2 absorption by HA–Na and Ci-Na was also analyzed. The consequence shows that the efficiency of SO2 absorption by Ci-Na is above 90% and the desulfurization time added with the Ci-Na concentration rising from 0.01 to 0.1 mol/L. Both the desulfurization efficiency and time may increase with the adding of HA–Na quality in Ci-Na solution. Due to adding HA–Na, the desulfurization efficiency of Ci-Na increased from 90% to 99% and the desulfurization time increased from 40 to 55 min. Under the optimum conditions, the desulfurization time of Ci-Na can exceed 70 min because of adding HA–Na, which is nearly doubled. The growth of inlet SO2 concentration has little effect on the desulfurization efficiency. The SO2 adsorption efficiency decreases with the increase of inlet flow gas. The presence of O2 improves the SO2 removal efficiency and prolongs the desulfurization time. Therefore, HA–Na plays a key role during SO2 absorption and can dramatically enhance the SO2 adsorption performance of Ci-Na solution.
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25
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Katasonova ON, Savonina EY, Maryutina TA. Extraction Methods for Removing Sulfur and Its Compounds from Crude Oil and Petroleum Products. RUSS J APPL CHEM+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070427221040017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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26
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Abdali A, Mahmoudian M, Eskandarabadi SM, Nozad E, Enayati M. Elimination of dibenzothiophene from n-hexane by nano-composite membrane containing Cu-MOF in a pervaporation process. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-020-02087-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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27
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A simple desulfurization process to achieve high efficiency, sustainability and cost-effectivity via peroxotungstate catalyst. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2021.111515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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28
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Zhu Z, Lü H, Zhang M, Yang H. Deep eutectic solvents as non-traditionally multifunctional media for the desulfurization process of fuel oil. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:785-805. [PMID: 33399593 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05153e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been intensively pursued in the field of separation processes, catalytic reactions, polymers, nanomaterial science, and sensing technologies due to their unique features such as the low cost of components, ease of preparation, tunable physicochemical properties, negligible vapor pressure, non-toxicity, renewability, and biodegradability in the recent decade. Considering these appealing merits, DESs are widely used as extraction agents, solvents and/or catalysts in the desulfurization process since 2013. This review is focused on summarizing the physicochemical properties of DESs (i.e., freezing point, density, viscosity, ionic conductivity, acidity, hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity, polarity, surface tension, and diffusion) to some extent, and their significant advances in applications related to desulfurization processes such as extraction desulfurization, extraction-oxidation desulfurization, and biomimetic desulfurization. In particular, we systematically compile very recent works concerning the selective aerobic oxidation desulfurization (AODS) under extremely mild conditions (60 °C and ambient pressure) via a biomimetic approach coupling DESs with polyoxometallates (POMs). In this system, DESs act as multifunctional roles such as extraction agents, solvents, and catalysts, while POMs serve as electron transfer mediators. This strategy is inspirational since biomimetic or bioinspired catalysis is the "Holy Grail" of oxidation catalysis, which overcomes the difficulty of O2 activation via introducing electron transfer mediators into this system. It not only can be used for AODS, but also paves a novel way for oxidation catalysis, such as the selective oxyfunctionalization of hydrocarbon. Eventually, the conclusion, current challenges, and future opportunities are discussed. The aim is to provide necessary guidance for precisely designing tailor-made DESs, and to inspire chemists to use DESs as a powerful platform in the field of catalysis science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Zhu
- Green Chemistry Centre, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, 30 Qingquan Road, Yantai 264005, Shandong, China.
| | - Hongying Lü
- Green Chemistry Centre, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, 30 Qingquan Road, Yantai 264005, Shandong, China.
| | - Ming Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Hengquan Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
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29
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Zhang W, Ma Z, Liu X, Liu Y, Hou Z, Qi J, Ma Y, Wang L, Wang Y. Molecular Mechanism and Absorption Performance Evaluation of CO 2 Capture from the PCC Process by Monoethanolamine-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c04970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wanxiang Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoyuan Ma
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Xingyi Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Yigang Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Zhengkun Hou
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Jianguang Qi
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Yixin Ma
- College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, 579 Qianwangang Road, Qingdao 266590, P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-chemical Engineering, Taishan Scholar Advantage and Characteristic Discipline Team of Eco Chemical Process and Technology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
| | - Yinglong Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao 266042, P. R. China
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30
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Di Carmine G, Abbott AP, D'Agostino C. Deep eutectic solvents: alternative reaction media for organic oxidation reactions. REACT CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0re00458h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are a valid alternative to common organic solvents and ionic liquids (ILs) as solvent media for organic oxidation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziano Di Carmine
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche
- Università di Ferrara
- I-44121 Ferrara
- Italy
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science
| | | | - Carmine D'Agostino
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science
- The University of Manchester
- Manchester
- UK
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31
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Yin Q, Wang M, Fang D, Zhu Y, Yang L. Novel N,Cl-doped deep eutectic solvents-based carbon dots as a selective fluorescent probe for determination of morphine in food. RSC Adv 2021; 11:16805-16813. [PMID: 35479173 PMCID: PMC9031561 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra00886b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, new N,Cl co-doped carbon dots (N,Cl-CDs) based on deep eutectic solvent (DES) were fabricated by a facile hydrothermal process. This fluorescent probe exhibited a good quantum yield of 14% and was applied for the sensitive and selective quantification of morphine in foods. In addition, the influence of solution pH, interaction time, system temperature, interfering substances and analogues on the determination was also investigated. Under the optimized conditions, the luminescence intensity of carbon dots increased linearly with the addition of morphine in the concentration range of (0.15–280.25) μg mL−1 (R2 > 0.9969) and the limit of detection (LOD) of 46.5 ng mL−1. Based on these results, it is suggested that N,Cl-CDs is a promising fluorescent probe for sensitive and selective quantification of morphine in foods. A schematic illustrating the synthesis and morphine detection of N,Cl-CDs.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinhong Yin
- Faculty of Drug Control
- Yunnan Police College
- Kunming 650223
- China
| | - Mengtao Wang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering
- Kunming University of Science and Technology
- Kunming
- China
| | - Dong Fang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering
- Kunming University of Science and Technology
- Kunming
- China
| | - Yanqin Zhu
- Research Center for Analysis and Measurement
- Kunming University of Science and Technology
- Kunming 650093
- China
| | - Lihua Yang
- Faculty of Drug Control
- Yunnan Police College
- Kunming 650223
- China
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32
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Desulfurization Performance of Choline Chloride-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents in the Presence of Graphene Oxide. ENVIRONMENTS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/environments7110097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Extractive catalytic oxidative desulfurization (ECODS) is the one of the recent methods used in fuel desulfurization which involved the use of catalyst in the oxidative desulfurization of diesel fuel. This study is aimed to test the effectiveness of synthesized choline chloride (ChCl) based deep eutectic solvent (DES) in fuel desulfurization via ECODS method, with the presence of graphene oxide (GO) as catalyst and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as oxidant. In this study, 16 DESs based on choline chloride were synthesized using glycerol (GLY), ethylene glycol (EG), tetraethylene glycol (TEG) and polyethylene glycol (PEG). The characterization of the synthesized DES was carried out via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, density, and viscosity determination. According to the screening result, ChCl-PEG (1:4) was found to be the most effective DES for desulfurization using ECODS method, with a removal of up to 47.4% of sulfur containing compounds in model oil in just 10 min per cycle after the optimization of the reaction parameters, and up to 95% desulfurization efficiency could be achieved by six cycles of desulfurization. It is found that the addition of GO as catalyst does not increase the desulfurization performance drastically; hence, future studies for the desulfurization performance of DESs made up from ChCl and PEG and its derivatives can be done simply by using extraction desulfurization (EDS) method instead of ECODS method, for cost reduction purpose and easier regulation of DES waste into environment.
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33
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Ivanović M, Islamčević Razboršek M, Kolar M. Innovative Extraction Techniques Using Deep Eutectic Solvents and Analytical Methods for the Isolation and Characterization of Natural Bioactive Compounds from Plant Material. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E1428. [PMID: 33114332 PMCID: PMC7690858 DOI: 10.3390/plants9111428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The growing interest of the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries in naturally occurring bioactive compounds or secondary plant metabolites also leads to a growing demand for the development of new and more effective analysis and isolation techniques. The extraction of bioactive compounds from plant material has always been a challenge, accompanied by increasingly strict control requirements for the final products and a growing interest in environmental protection. However, great efforts have been made in this direction and today a considerable number of innovative extraction techniques have been developed using green, environmentally friendly solvents. These solvents include the deep eutectic solvents (DES) and their natural equivalents, the natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES). Due to their adjustable physical-chemical properties and their green character, it is expected that DES/NADES could be the most widely used solvents in the future, not only in extraction processes but also in other research areas such as catalysis, electrochemistry or organic synthesis. Consequently, this review provided an up-to-date systematic overview of the use of DES/NADES in combination with innovative extraction techniques for the isolation of bioactive compounds from various plant materials. The topicality of the field was confirmed by a detailed search on the platform WoS (Web of Science), which resulted in more than 100 original research papers on DES/NADES for bioactive compounds in the last three years. Besides the isolation of bioactive compounds from plants, different analytical methods are presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Ivanović
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
| | - Maša Islamčević Razboršek
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
| | - Mitja Kolar
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna Pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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