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Saya L, Ratandeep, Arya B, Rastogi K, Verma M, Rani S, Sahu PK, Singh MR, Singh WR, Hooda S. Recent advances in sensing toxic nerve agents through DMMP model simulant using diverse nanomaterials-based chemical sensors. Talanta 2024; 272:125785. [PMID: 38394750 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Recent terrorist assaults have demonstrated the need for the exploration and design of sustainable and stable chemical sensors with quick reaction times combined with great sensitivity. Among several classes of chemical warfare agents, nerve agents have been proven to be the most hazardous. Even short-term exposure to them can result in severe toxic effects. Human beings inadvertently face the after-effects of these chemicals even several years after these chemicals were used. Due to the extreme toxicity and difficulty in handling, dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP), a simulant of nerve agents with much lesser toxicity, is frequently used in laboratories as a substitute. Having a chemical structure almost identical to those of nerve agents, DMMP can mimic the properties of nerve agents. Through this paper, authors have attempted to introduce the evolution of several chemical sensors used to detect DMMP in recent years, including field-effect transistors, chemicapacitors, chemiresistors, and mass-sensitive sensors. A detailed discussion of the role of nanomaterials as chemical sensors in the detection of DMMP has been the main focus of the work through a comprehensive overview of the research on gas sensors that have been reported making use of the properties of a wide range of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laishram Saya
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara College (University of Delhi), Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi 110021, India; Department of Chemistry, Manipur University, Canchipur, Imphal 795003, Manipur, India; Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Acharya Narendra Dev College (University of Delhi), Govindpuri, Kalkaji, New Delhi, 110019, India.
| | - Ratandeep
- School of Chemical Sciences and Advanced Materials Research Center, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, Mandi 175075, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Bipasa Arya
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Acharya Narendra Dev College (University of Delhi), Govindpuri, Kalkaji, New Delhi, 110019, India
| | - Kanjika Rastogi
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Acharya Narendra Dev College (University of Delhi), Govindpuri, Kalkaji, New Delhi, 110019, India
| | - Manisha Verma
- Department of Physics, Acharya Narendra Dev College, (University of Delhi), Govindpuri, Kalkaji, New Delhi, 110019, India
| | - Sanjeeta Rani
- Department of Physics, Acharya Narendra Dev College, (University of Delhi), Govindpuri, Kalkaji, New Delhi, 110019, India
| | - Prasanta Kumar Sahu
- Department of Chemistry, Shivaji College, (University of Delhi), Raja Garden, New Delhi, 110027, India
| | - M Ramananda Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Kirorimal College, (University of Delhi), Delhi, 110007, India
| | - W Rameshwor Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Manipur University, Canchipur, Imphal 795003, Manipur, India.
| | - Sunita Hooda
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Acharya Narendra Dev College (University of Delhi), Govindpuri, Kalkaji, New Delhi, 110019, India.
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Opravil J, Pejchal J, Finger V, Korabecny J, Rozsypal T, Hrabinova M, Muckova L, Hepnarova V, Konecny J, Soukup O, Jun D. A-agents, misleadingly known as "Novichoks": a narrative review. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:2587-2607. [PMID: 37612377 PMCID: PMC10475003 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03571-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
"Novichok" refers to a new group of nerve agents called the A-series agents. Their existence came to light in 2018 after incidents in the UK and again in 2020 in Russia. They are unique organophosphorus-based compounds developed during the Cold War in a program called Foliant in the USSR. This review is based on original chemical entities from Mirzayanov's memoirs published in 2008. Due to classified research, a considerable debate arose about their structures, and hence, various structural moieties were speculated. For this reason, the scientific literature is highly incomplete and, in some cases, contradictory. This review critically assesses the information published to date on this class of compounds. The scope of this work is to summarize all the available and relevant information, including the physicochemical properties, chemical synthesis, mechanism of action, toxicity, pharmacokinetics, and medical countermeasures used to date. The environmental stability of A-series agents, the lack of environmentally safe decontamination, their high toxicity, and the scarcity of information on post-contamination treatment pose a challenge for managing possible incidents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Opravil
- Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Pejchal
- Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Finger
- Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Akademika Heyrovskeho 1203, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Korabecny
- Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Rozsypal
- Nuclear, Biological and Chemical Defence Institute, University of Defence, Vita Nejedleho 1, 682 03 Vyskov, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Hrabinova
- Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Lubica Muckova
- Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Vendula Hepnarova
- Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Konecny
- Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Soukup
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Jun
- Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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Sohail U, Ullah F, Binti Zainal Arfan NH, Abdul Hamid MHS, Mahmood T, Sheikh NS, Ayub K. Transition Metal Sensing with Nitrogenated Holey Graphene: A First-Principles Investigation. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104060. [PMID: 37241800 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The toxicity of transition metals, including copper(II), manganese(II), iron(II), zinc(II), hexavalent chromium, and cobalt(II), at elevated concentrations presents a significant threat to living organisms. Thus, the development of efficient sensors capable of detecting these metals is of utmost importance. This study explores the utilization of two-dimensional nitrogenated holey graphene (C2N) nanosheet as a sensor for toxic transition metals. The C2N nanosheet's periodic shape and standard pore size render it well suited for adsorbing transition metals. The interaction energies between transition metals and C2N nanosheets were calculated in both gas and solvent phases and were found to primarily result from physisorption, except for manganese and iron which exhibited chemisorption. To assess the interactions, we employed NCI, SAPT0, and QTAIM analyses, as well as FMO and NBO analysis, to examine the electronic properties of the TM@C2N system. Our results indicated that the adsorption of copper and chromium significantly reduced the HOMO-LUMO energy gap of C2N and significantly increased its electrical conductivity, confirming the high sensitivity of C2N towards copper and chromium. The sensitivity test further confirmed the superior sensitivity and selectivity of C2N towards copper. These findings offer valuable insight into the design and development of sensors for the detection of toxic transition metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uroosa Sohail
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Faizan Ullah
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Tariq Mahmood
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Isa Town 32038, Bahrain
| | - Nadeem S Sheikh
- Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei
| | - Khurshid Ayub
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
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Al-Faiyz YSS, Sarfaraz S, Yar M, Munsif S, Khan AA, Amin B, Sheikh NS, Ayub K. Efficient Detection of Nerve Agents through Carbon Nitride Quantum Dots: A DFT Approach. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:251. [PMID: 36678006 PMCID: PMC9864457 DOI: 10.3390/nano13020251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
V-series nerve agents are very lethal to health and cause the inactivation of acetylcholinesterase which leads to neuromuscular paralysis and, finally, death. Therefore, rapid detection and elimination of V-series nerve agents are very important. Herein, we have carried out a theoretical investigation of carbon nitride quantum dots (C2N) as an electrochemical sensor for the detection of V-series nerve agents, including VX, VS, VE, VG, and VM. Adsorption of V-series nerve agents on C2N quantum dots is explored at M05-2X/6-31++G(d,p) level of theory. The level of theory chosen is quite adequate in systems describing non-bonding interactions. The adsorption behavior of nerve agents is characterized by interaction energy, non-covalent interaction (NCI), Bader's quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM), frontier molecular orbital (FMO), electron density difference (EDD), and charge transfer analysis. The computed adsorption energies of the studied complexes are in the range of -12.93 to -17.81 kcal/mol, which indicates the nerve agents are physiosorbed onto C2N surface through non-covalent interactions. The non-covalent interactions between V-series and C2N are confirmed through NCI and QTAIM analysis. EDD analysis is carried out to understand electron density shifting, which is further validated by natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis. FMO analysis is used to estimate the changes in energy gap of C2N on complexation through HOMO-LUMO energies. These findings suggest that C2N surface is highly selective toward VX, and it might be a promising candidate for the detection of V-series nerve agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasair S. S. Al-Faiyz
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sehrish Sarfaraz
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yar
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Sajida Munsif
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Ali Khan
- Centre for Computational Materials Science, University of Malakand, Chakdara 18800, Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Chakdara 18800, Pakistan
| | - Bin Amin
- Department of Physics, Abbottabad University of Science & Technology, Abbottabad 22010, Pakistan
| | - Nadeem S. Sheikh
- Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410, Brunei
| | - Khurshid Ayub
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
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5
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Lu Y, Xiao Y, Liu LF, Xiao XL, Liao LF, Nie CM. Theoretical probing into complexation of Si-5LIO-1-Cm-3,2-HOPO with Uranyl. Theor Chem Acc 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-022-02916-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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6
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Tetrahydrofuran and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran adsorption studies on violet phosphorene nanosheets based on first-principles studies. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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7
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Sarfaraz S, Yar M, Ali Khan A, Ahmad R, Ayub K. DFT investigation of adsorption of nitro-explosives over C2N surface: Highly selective towards trinitro benzene. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.118652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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8
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de Koning MC, Vieira Soares C, van Grol M, Bross RPT, Maurin G. Effective Degradation of Novichok Nerve Agents by the Zirconium Metal-Organic Framework MOF-808. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:9222-9230. [PMID: 35138813 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c24295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Novichoks are a novel class of nerve agents (also referred to as the A-series) that were employed in several poisonings over the last few years. This calls for the development of novel countermeasures that can be applied in protective concepts (e.g., protective clothing) or in decontamination methods. The Zr metal-organic framework MOF-808 has recently emerged as a promising catalyst in the hydrolysis of the V- and G-series of nerve agents as well as their simulants. In this paper, we report a detailed study of the degradation of three Novichok agents by MOF-808 in buffers with varying pH. MOF-808 is revealed to be a highly efficient and regenerable catalyst for Novichok agent hydrolysis under basic conditions. In contrast to the V- and G-series of agents, degradation of Novichoks is demonstrated to proceed in two consecutive hydrolysis steps. Initial extremely rapid P-F bond breaking is followed by MOF-catalyzed removal of the amidine group from the intermediate product. The intermediate thus acted as a competitive substrate that was rate-determining for the whole two-step degradation route. Under acidic conditions, the amidine group in Novichok A-230 is more rapidly hydrolyzed than the P-F bond, giving rise to another moderately toxic intermediate. This intermediate could in turn be efficiently hydrolyzed by MOF-808 under basic conditions. These experimental observations were corroborated by density functional theory calculations to shed light on molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martijn C de Koning
- TNO Defense, Safety and Security, Lange Kleiweg 137, Rijswijk 2288GJ, The Netherlands
| | - Carla Vieira Soares
- ICGM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Place E. Bataillon, Montpellier 34095, France
| | - Marco van Grol
- TNO Defense, Safety and Security, Lange Kleiweg 137, Rijswijk 2288GJ, The Netherlands
| | - Rowdy P T Bross
- TNO Defense, Safety and Security, Lange Kleiweg 137, Rijswijk 2288GJ, The Netherlands
| | - Guillaume Maurin
- ICGM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Place E. Bataillon, Montpellier 34095, France
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9
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Sarfaraz S, Yar M, Ans M, Gilani MA, Ludwig R, Hashmi MA, Hussain M, Muhammad S, Ayub K. Computational investigation of a covalent triazine framework (CTF-0) as an efficient electrochemical sensor. RSC Adv 2022; 12:3909-3923. [PMID: 35425404 PMCID: PMC8981076 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08738j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current study, a covalent triazine framework (CTF-0) was evaluated as an electrochemical sensor against industrial pollutants i.e., O3, NO, SO2, SO3, and CO2. The deep understanding of analytes@CTF-0 complexation was acquired by interaction energy, NCI, QTAIM, SAPT0, EDD, NBO and FMO analyses. The outcome of interaction energy analyses clearly indicates that all the analytes are physiosorbed onto the CTF-0 surface. NCI and QTAIM analysis were employed to understand the nature of the non-covalent interactions. Furthermore, SAPT0 analysis revealed that dispersion has the highest contribution towards total SAPT0 energy. In NBO analysis, the highest charge transfer is obtained in the case of SO3@CTF-0 (−0.167 e−) whereas the lowest charge transfer is observed in CO2@CTF-0. The results of NBO charge transfer are also verified through EDD analysis. FMO analysis revealed that the highest reduction in the HOMO–LUMO energy gap is observed in the case of O3 (5.03 eV) adsorption onto the CTF-0 surface, which indicates the sensitivity of CTF-0 for O3 analytes. We strongly believe that these results might be productive for experimentalists to tailor a highly sensitive electrochemical sensor using covalent triazine-based frameworks (CTFs). In the current study, a covalent triazine framework (CTF-0) was evaluated as an electrochemical sensor against industrial pollutants i.e., O3, NO, SO2, SO3, and CO2.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehrish Sarfaraz
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Abbottabad Campus, KPK, Pakistan, 22060
| | - Muhammad Yar
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Abbottabad Campus, KPK, Pakistan, 22060
| | - Muhammad Ans
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mazhar Amjad Gilani
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, 54600, Pakistan
| | - Ralf Ludwig
- Universität Rostock, Institut für Chemie, Abteilung für Physikalische Chemie, Dr.-Lorenz-Weg 1, 18059 Rostock, Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Muhammad Ali Hashmi
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science & Technology, University of Education, 54770 Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Masroor Hussain
- Department of Data Science, Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Shabbir Muhammad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, P. O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khurshid Ayub
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Abbottabad Campus, KPK, Pakistan, 22060
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Asif M, Sajid H, Ayub K, Khan AA, Ahmad R, Ans M, Mahmood T. Nano-porous C 4N as a toxic pesticide's scavenger: A quantum chemical approach. J Mol Graph Model 2021; 111:108078. [PMID: 34826716 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2021.108078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The sensing affinity of C4N is the most fascinating topic of research due to its excellent chemical and electronic properties. Moreover, owing to the highly active porous cavity, C4N can easily accommodate foreign molecules. Herein, we studied the adsorption properties of carbamate insecticides (CMs) namely, Dimetalin (DMT), Carbanolate (CBT), Isolan (ISO) and Propoxur (PRO) using density functional theory calculations. All the results are calculated at widely accepted ωB97XD functional along with 6-31G(d, p) basis set. The calculated counterpoise corrected interaction energy of the reported complexes ranges between -20.05 and -27.04 kcal/mol, however, the interaction distances are found to be higher than 2.00 Å. The values of interacting parameters depict that the carbamate molecules are physisorbed via noncovalent interactions that can easily be reversible. Moreover, the binding of selected insecticides notably changes the electronic structure of C4N. The electronic changes are characterized by the energies of HOMO & LUMO, their energy gaps and CHELPG charge transfer. The charge density difference between C4N surface and carbamate pesticides are characterized by EDD and CDA analysis. Moreover, the ab initio molecular dynamic study reveals that the complexes are stable even at 500 K. The photochemical sensing properties of C4N are estimated by time dependent UV-Vis calculations. The high sensitivity of C4N towards considered analytes enable it to act as a promising sensor for toxic pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misbah Asif
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Hasnain Sajid
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham, NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Khurshid Ayub
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Ali Khan
- Center for Computational Materials Science, University of Malakand, Pakistan; Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Pakistan
| | - Rashid Ahmad
- Center for Computational Materials Science, University of Malakand, Pakistan; Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ans
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Mahmood
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan; Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Bahrain, P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain.
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11
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Asif M, Sajid H, Kosar N, Mahmood T. Effect of fluorination on the adsorption properties of aromatic heterocycles toward methyl halides: A quantum chemical study. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2021.113394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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12
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Wang X, Yong Y, Yang W, Zhang A, Xie X, Zhu P, Kuang Y. Adsorption, Gas-Sensing, and Optical Properties of Molecules on a Diazine Monolayer: A First-Principles Study. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:11418-11426. [PMID: 34056297 PMCID: PMC8153939 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c00432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Using first-principles calculations, the structural, electronic, and optical properties of CO2, CO, N2O, CH4, H2, N2, O2, NH3, acetone, and ethanol molecules adsorbed on a diazine monolayer were studied to develop the application potential of the diazine monolayer as a room-temperature gas sensor for detecting acetone, ethanol, and NH3. We found that these molecules are all physically adsorbed on the diazine monolayer with weak adsorption strength and charge transfer between the molecules and the monolayer, but the physisorption of only NH3, acetone, and ethanol remarkably modified the electronic properties of the diazine monolayer, especially for the obvious change in electric conductivity, showing that the diazine monolayer is highly sensitive to acetone, NH3, and ethanol. Further, the adsorption of NH3, acetone, and ethanol molecules remarkably modifies, in varying degrees, the optical properties of the diazine monolayer, such as work function, absorption coefficient, and the reflectivity, whereas adsorption of other molecules has infinitesimal influence. The different adsorption behaviors and influences of the electronic and optical properties of molecules on the monolayer show that the diazine monolayer has high selectivity to NH3, acetone, and ethanol. The recovery time of NH3, acetone, and ethanol molecules is, respectively, 1.2 μs, 7.7 μs, and 0.11 ms at 300 K. Thus, the diazine monolayer has a high application potential as a room-temperature acetone, ethanol, and NH3 sensor with high performance (high selectivity and sensitivity, and rapid recovery time).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiao Wang
- School
of Physics and Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Photoelectric
Energy Storage Materials and Applications, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Yongliang Yong
- School
of Physics and Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Photoelectric
Energy Storage Materials and Applications, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
- Provincial
and Ministerial Co-construction of Collaborative Innovation Center
for Non-ferrous Metal New Materials and Advanced Processing Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Wenwen Yang
- School
of Physics and Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Photoelectric
Energy Storage Materials and Applications, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Aodi Zhang
- School
of Physics and Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Photoelectric
Energy Storage Materials and Applications, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Xiangyi Xie
- School
of Physics and Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Photoelectric
Energy Storage Materials and Applications, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Peng Zhu
- School
of Physics and Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Photoelectric
Energy Storage Materials and Applications, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Yanmin Kuang
- Institute
of Photobiophysics, School of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
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13
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Effective adsorption of A-series chemical warfare agents on graphdiyne nanoflake: a DFT study. J Mol Model 2021; 27:117. [PMID: 33796926 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-021-04730-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Chemical warfare agents (CWAs) are highly poisonous and their presence may cause diverse effects not only on living organisms but also on environment. Therefore, their detection and removal in a short time span is very important. In this regard, here the utility of graphdiyne (GDY) nanoflake is studied theoretically as an electrochemical sensor material for the hazardous CWAs including A-230, A-232, and A-234. Herein, we explain the phenomenon of adsorption of A-series CWAs on GDY nanoflake within the density functional theory (DFT) framework. The characterisation of adsorption is based on optimised geometries, BSSE-corrected energies, SAPT0, RDG, FMO, CHELPG charge transfer, QTAIM and UV-Vis analyses. The calculated counterpoise adsorption energies for reported complexes range from - 13.70 to - 17.19 kcal mol-1. These adsorption energies show that analytes are physiosorbed onto GDY which usually takes place through noncovalent interactions. The noncovalent adsorption of CWAs on GDY is also attributed by the SAPT0, RDG and QTAIM analyses. These properties also reveal that dispersion factors dominate in the complexes among many noncovalent components (exchange, induction, electrostatic, steric and repulsion). In order to estimate the sensitivity of GDY, the %sensitivity and average energy gap variations are quantitatively measured by energies of HOMO and LUMO orbitals. In terms of adsorption affinity of GDY, UV-Vis analysis, CHELPG charge transfer and DOS analyses depict an appreciable response towards these toxic CWAs. Graphical abstract.
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First-principles study for exploring the adsorption behavior of G-series nerve agents on graphdyine surface. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2020.113043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Lascane LG, Oliveira EF, Galvão DS, Batagin-Neto A. Polyfuran-based chemical sensors: Identification of promising derivatives via DFT calculations and fully atomistic reactive molecular dynamics. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Bhuvaneswari R, Nagarajan V, Chandiramouli R. Novel ε-arsenene nanosheets for sensing toxic malathion and parathion – A first-principles approach. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2020.112995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Remarkable enhancement in sensor ability of polyaniline upon composite formation with ZnO for industrial effluents. J Mol Graph Model 2020; 101:107724. [PMID: 32937278 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2020.107724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Polyaniline emeraldine salt and Polyaniline Zinc Oxide composite are comprehensively studied to compare their sensing ability towards ammonia, acetone, methanol and ethanol. Sensing ability is evaluated through thermodynamic, geometric and electronic parameters. A number of orientations are evaluated in search for the lowest energy structure. The comparison of thermodynamic, geometric and electronic parameters of simple and composite sensors confirmed that composite sensor shows better sensing ability than simple PANI. Composite formation between polyaniline and zinc oxide is a thermodynamically feasible process with interaction energy of -42.8 kcal/mol. Both sensor shows highest interaction energy for ethanol among four analytes. Composite sensor shows almost twice the interaction with ethanol, methanol and acetone while 1.5 times the interaction energy for ammonia. The results of run simulations and subsequent calculations showed that in composite sensors, zinc oxide not only enhances the binding power of conducting polymer with analytes but also interacts directly with analytes. Strong hydrogen bonding as well as weak dispersion forces of attraction are responsible for the stability of composite and all complexes, as revealed by non-covalent interaction (NCI) studies. Acetone shows a different behaviour in composite sensor complex than other analytes.
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Farooqi BA, Yar M, Ashraf A, Farooq U, Ayub K. Graphene-polyaniline composite as superior electrochemical sensor for detection of cyano explosives. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Yar M, Hashmi MA, Ayub K. The C2N surface as a highly selective sensor for the detection of nitrogen iodide from a mixture of NX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) explosives. RSC Adv 2020; 10:31997-32010. [PMID: 35518175 PMCID: PMC9056556 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra04930a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Explosives are quite toxic and destructive; therefore, it is necessary to not only detect them but also remove them. The adsorption behavior of NX3 analytes (NCl3, NBr3 and NI3) over the microporous C2N surface was evaluated by DFT calculations. The nature of interactions between NX3 and C2N was characterized by adsorption energy, NCI, QTAIM, SAPT0, NBO, EDD and FMO analysis. The interaction energies of NX3 with C2N are in the range of −10.85 to −16.31 kcal mol−1 and follow the order of NCl3@C2N > NBr3@C2N > NI3@C2N, respectively. The 3D isosurfaces and 2D-RGD graph of NCI analysis qualitatively confirmed the existence of halogen bonding interactions among the studied systems. Halogen bonding was quantified by SAPT0 component energy analysis. The SAPT0 results revealed that ΔEdisp (56.75%) is the dominant contributor towards interaction energy, whereas contributions from ΔEelst and ΔEind are 29.41% and 14.34%, respectively. The QTAIM analysis also confirmed the presence of halogen bonding between atoms of NX3 and C2N surface. EDD analysis also validated NCI, QTAIM and NBO analysis. FMO analysis revealed that the adsorption of NI3 on the C2N surface caused the highest change in the EHOMO–LUMO gap (from 5.71 to 4.15 eV), and resulted in high sensitivity and selectivity of the C2N surface towards NI3, as compared to other analytes. It is worth mentioning that in all complexes, a significant difference in the EHOMO–LUMO gap was seen when electronic transitions occurred from the analyte to the C2N surface. Explosives are quite toxic and destructive; therefore, it is necessary to not only detect them but also remove them.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Yar
- Department of Chemistry
- COMSATS University
- Abbottabad Campus
- Pakistan
| | | | - Khurshid Ayub
- Department of Chemistry
- COMSATS University
- Abbottabad Campus
- Pakistan
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Sajid H, Ullah F, Yar M, Ayub K, Mahmood T. Superhalogen doping: a new and effective approach to design materials with excellent static and dynamic NLO responses. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj02291h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The first-ever example where superhalogen doping alone is introduced as a new and effective approach to impart large NLO responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasnain Sajid
- Department of Chemistry
- COMSATS University Islamabad
- Abbottabad-22060
- Pakistan
| | - Faizan Ullah
- Department of Chemistry
- COMSATS University Islamabad
- Abbottabad-22060
- Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yar
- Department of Chemistry
- COMSATS University Islamabad
- Abbottabad-22060
- Pakistan
| | - Khurshid Ayub
- Department of Chemistry
- COMSATS University Islamabad
- Abbottabad-22060
- Pakistan
| | - Tariq Mahmood
- Department of Chemistry
- COMSATS University Islamabad
- Abbottabad-22060
- Pakistan
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