Effect of carbohydrates, choline chloride based deep eutectic solvents and salts on the phase behavior of PEG-PPG copolymer ATPSs and partitioning of penicillin G

Recent Advances in Biosensor Development for the Detection of Viral Particles in Foods: A Comprehensive Review

Viral foodborne diseases cause serious harm to human health and the economy. Rapid, accurate, and convenient approaches for detecting foodborne viruses are crucial for preventing diseases. Biosensors integrating electrochemical and optical properties of nanomaterials have emerged as effective tools for the detection of viruses in foods. However, they still face several challenges, including substantial sample preparation and relatively poor sensitivity due to complex food matrices, which limit their field applications. Hence, the purpose of this review is to provide an overview of recent advances in biosensing techniques, including electrochemical, SERS-based, and colorimetric biosensors, for detecting viral particles in food samples, with emerging techniques for extraction/concentration of virus particles from food samples. Moreover, the principle, design, and advantages/disadvantages of each biosensing method are comprehensively described. This review covers the recent development of rapid and sensitive biosensors that can be used as new standards for monitoring food safety and food quality in the food industry.

Deep eutectic solvents induced changes in the phase transition behavior of smart polymers: a sustainable future approach

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are considered "green" and "sustainable" alternatives to conventional organic solvents and ionic liquids (ILs) due to their characteristic properties and relatively low costs. DESs are considered IL analogs and have attracted consideration as benign media formulations for the synthesis of novel polymers because they satisfy the principle of sustainability. Over the past few years, the use of DESs has resulted in novel pathways for the synthesis of novel materials, biomaterials, functional materials, and ionic soft materials. Furthermore, DESs have been widely applied in the science, industrial, engineering, and technological fields. On the other hand, stimulus-responsive (smart) polymers have been widely utilized in intelligent devices owing to their virtues of good processibility, stimuli and environmental sensitivity, responsivity, and so on. With the introduction of a DES into the smart polymeric matrices, their potential characteristics, biocompatibility, and flexibility endow the corresponding DES-based polymeric materials with intriguing properties, which in turn will broaden their applications in various domains of polymer science and material chemistry. Substantial research has been done in the fabrication of DES-based polymeric materials. Numerous studies have extensively investigated the effects of DESs on biomolecules such as proteins/enzymes and nucleic acids, whereas few have addressed the impact of DESs on the aggregation and phase transition behaviors of smart polymers. This review focuses on mechanistic insights, aggregation behavior, and interactions between smart polymers and DESs. Opportunities and future research perspectives in this blossoming arena are also discussed. It is hoped that this review will pave futuristic pathways for the design and development of advanced DES-based polymeric materials and biomaterials for various applications.

A Novel Ethanolic Two-Phase System Based on Deep Eutectic Solvents and Amphiphilic Copolymer for the Extraction of Neohesperidin and Naringin from the Pomelo Peel

A novel ethanolic two-phase system (ETPS) composed of Pluronic®L-64 (PL 64) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) was constructed for the separation of two similar flavonoids of naringin (Nar) and neohesperidin (Neo) from the pomelo peel. The selectivity (S) data showed that DES prepared from tetrabutylammonium bromide (N4444Br) and glycerol (Gly) had the optimal distribution efficiency for Nar and Neo standards. A binodal curve of N4444Br-Gly/PL 64/ethanol system fitted to the nonlinear Merchuk relationship showed that the biphasic region was narrow for ETPS. The influences of the mass ratio of DESs and PL 64, DES concentration, PL 64 concentration, molar ratio of DESs, temperature, phosphate buffer solution, and ethanolic pH were studied in single-factor experiments. Under the optimal conditions, the maximum extraction efficiency (ENar = 68.32%, ENeo = 86.09%), partition coefficient (KNar = 6.66, KNeo = 19.13), and S (2.88) were obtained in the DESs-rich (bottom) phase. N4444Br-Gly, Nar, and Neo with recovery yields of 78.12%, 66.61%, and 68.03%, respectively, had been recovered using D101 macroporous resin. This proposed ETPS is efficient and environmentally friendly and is expected to avail meaningful references for the separation of natural products with similar structures.