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Fatima M, Siddiqui WA, Choudhary MI, Ashraf A, Niaz S, Raza MA, Alam SM, Ashfaq M, Tahir MN, Dahlous KA. Synthesis of dimeric 1,2-benzothiazine 1,1-dioxide scaffolds: molecular structures, Hirshfeld surface analysis, DFT and enzyme inhibition studies. RSC Adv 2024; 14:16935-16944. [PMID: 38808235 PMCID: PMC11130764 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra02009j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
1,2-Benzothiazines are bioactive compounds with diverse pharmacological properties. We report here the synthesis of a series of dimers containing 1,2-benzothiazine scaffolds as potential pharmacophores. The characterization of compounds was done using analytical techniques such as FT-IR, 1H NMR, and elemental analyses. The molecular structures of the compounds (5-8) were confirmed by X-ray crystallography. The molecular interactions in compounds (5-8) were determined by Hirshfeld Surface Analysis (HSA). Density functional theory (DFT) investigations were carried out to calculate vibrational properties, NMR behaviour, dipole moments, molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), frontier molecular orbital (FMO), natural bonding orbital (NBO) analysis and global reactivity descriptors. The global reactivity descriptors indicated the charge transfer reactions and stabilized as follows: 8 > 7 > 6 > 5. In FMO analysis a substantial HOMO-LUMO gap, ranging from 4.43 to 5.12 eV, with high LUMO values was observed for all compounds, while the highest value for linear polarizability was found in compound 8. The in vitro and in silico studies confirm that compound 8 is more active toward AChE and BChE enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muqudis Fatima
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Sargodha Sargodha 40100 Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H. E. J Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi Karachi Pakistan
| | - Adnan Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Lahore Lahore Pakistan
| | - Shanawer Niaz
- Department of Physics, Thal University Bhakkar Bhakkar 30000 Pakistan
| | | | - Seikh Mafiz Alam
- Department of Chemistry, Aliah University New Town Kolkata 700 156 India
| | - Muhammad Ashfaq
- Department of Physics, University of Sargodha Sargodha-40100 Pakistan
| | | | - Kholood Ahmed Dahlous
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University P. O. Box 2455 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
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Raza MA, Mumtaz MW, Öztürk S, Latif M, Aisha, Ashraf A, Dege N, Dogan OE, Agar E, Rehman SU, Noor A. Experimental and Theoretical Biological Probing of Schiff Bases as Esterase Inhibitors: Structural, Spectral and Molecular Insights. Molecules 2023; 28:5703. [PMID: 37570673 PMCID: PMC10419919 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate the in vitro and in silico potential of the Schiff bases (Z)-4-ethoxy-N-((5-nitrothiophen-2-yl)methylene)benzenamine (1) and (Z)-2,4-diiodo-6-((2-methyl-3-nitrophenylimino)methyl)phenol (2). These Schiff bases were synthesized according to a reported method using ethanol as a solvent, and each reaction was monitored on a TLC until completion of the reaction. The structures of both compounds were elucidated using spectroscopic techniques such as UV-Vis, FTIR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR. Molecular structure was determined using single-crystal XRD, which revealed that compounds 1 and 2 were monoclinic and triclinic, respectively. Hirshfeld surface analysis (HS) and 2D fingerprint plots were used to determine the intermolecular interactions along the contact contribution in the crystalline molecules. The structures of both compounds were optimized through a hybrid functional method B3LYP using the 6-31G(d,p) basis set, and various structural parameters were studied. The experimental and theoretical parameters (bond angle and bond length) of the compounds were compared with each other and are in close agreement. The in vitro esterase potential of the synthesized compounds was checked using a spectrophotometric model, while in silico molecular docking studies were performed with AutoDock against two enzymes of the esterase family. The docking studies and the in vitro assessment predicted that such molecules could be used as enzyme inhibitors against the tested enzymes: acetylcholine esterase (AChE) and butyrylcholine esterase (BChE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Asam Raza
- Department of Chemistry, Hafiz Hayat Campus, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan; (M.W.M.); (A.)
| | - Muhammad Waseem Mumtaz
- Department of Chemistry, Hafiz Hayat Campus, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan; (M.W.M.); (A.)
| | - Seyhan Öztürk
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun 55139, Türkiye; (S.Ö.); (O.E.D.); (E.A.)
| | - Muhammad Latif
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Madinah 42318, Saudi Arabia
- Centre for Genetics and Inherited Diseases (CGID), Taibah University, Madinah 42318, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aisha
- Department of Chemistry, Hafiz Hayat Campus, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan; (M.W.M.); (A.)
| | - Adnan Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Necmi Dege
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun 55139, Türkiye;
| | - Onur Erman Dogan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun 55139, Türkiye; (S.Ö.); (O.E.D.); (E.A.)
| | - Erbil Agar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun 55139, Türkiye; (S.Ö.); (O.E.D.); (E.A.)
| | - Shafiq Ur Rehman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan;
| | - Awal Noor
- Department of Basic Sciences, Preparatory Year Deanship, King Faisal University, Al Hassa 31982, Saudi Arabia
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Raza MA, Farwa U, Ashraf A, Berrin Poyraz E, Yesilbag S, Agar E, Al-Sehemi AG. Synthesis, crystal structure, spectroscopic and computational investigations of the newly synthesized Schiff bases scaffold as enzyme inhibitor. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 299:122864. [PMID: 37244023 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The current project was planned to access the enzyme inhibition potential of the synthesize imines; (E)-2-(2-hydroxy-4,5-dimethoxybenzylideneamino)benzonitrile 1 and (E)-2-(((3-hydroxy-4-methylphenyl)imino)methyl)-4-methoxyphenol 2 by the reported protocol of our continuous research and also assess their theoretical function in term of in silico action. The structural characterization of imines was done through advanced techniques i.e., FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and UV spectroscopy. Moreover, a single X-Ray diffraction technique (SCXRD) was employed for real structural identification of imines dimensions, which revealed that compound 1 has a triclinic crystal system although 2 has a monoclinic one. A 2D fingerprint plot and Hirshfeld surface analysis (HS) was employed in the crystalline assembly of compounds to check intermolecular contacts and also their degree of contributions. Both compounds were optimized by B3LYP functional mode using a certain basis set (6-31G). The practical data (XRD) and theoretical data (DFT) of both molecules were compared and found between a sound coherence. Molecular docking studies in term of in silico assessment were conducted against enzymes of the esterase and alpha-glucosidase family. The docking outputs give a forecast about compounds that could be employed as protein inhibitors against analyzed protein surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Asam Raza
- Department of Chemistry, Hafiz Hayat Campus, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan.
| | - Umme Farwa
- Department of Chemistry, Hafiz Hayat Campus, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Emine Berrin Poyraz
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Semanur Yesilbag
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Erbil Agar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
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Zainab S, Siddiqui WA, Raza MA, Ashraf A, Pervaiz M, Ali F, Younas U, Saleem A, Ashfaq M, Tahir MN. Synthesis, Characterization, Crystal Structure, Hirshfeld Surface Analysis and DFT of 1,2-benzothiazine Metal (II) Complexes. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
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Antiparallel π···π and C−H···H−C contacts in a novel Zn(II) coordination solid involving π-hole tetrel bonding interactions: A combined experimental and theoretical study, Hirshfeld surface analysis, molecular docking and potential drug property. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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6
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Synthesis, characterization, In-silico and In-vitro investigation of sulfonamide based esters. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Tatlidil D, Raza MA, Dege N, Agar AA, Farwa U, Rehman SU. Therapeutical Potential of Imines; Synthesis, Single Crystal Structure, Computational, Molecular Modeling, and ADMET Evaluation. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:10568-10579. [PMID: 35382330 PMCID: PMC8973114 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Imines are multipurpose pharmacophores, simply accessible compounds, and have a broad range of usage in several areas of chemistry especially in medicine. Two novel compound imines, (E)-4-methyl-2-((o-tolylimino)methyl)phenol (1) and (E)-2-(((4-methoxybenzyl)imino)methyl)-4-methylphenol (2), were synthesized with effective product via reported protocol in the literature. Single crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) was employed for structural exposition, disclosing that both compounds are orthorhombic. To optimize the newly designed imines, a B3LYP functional with a basis set 6-31G(d,p) was mainly considered. DFT results were utilized to check correlation between the data recovered from SCXRD outcomes and also to measure the energy difference. Hirshfeld surface study was done to demonstrate the intermolecular contacts along the percentage of interaction in the overall crystalline compound. Molecular operating environment program was tested against AChE and BChE enzymes to perform a modeling study of the compounds. The docking score and binding affinity of the compounds revealed that 2 showed comparatively more inhibition than 1. In silico ADMET studies exposed the physiochemical nature of these novel compounds, and it also unveiled that both compounds behaved as drug-like candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Digdem Tatlidil
- Faculty
of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun 55020, Turkey
| | - Muhammad Asam Raza
- Department
of Chemistry, Hafiz Hayat Campus, University
of Gujrat, Gujrat 54000, Pakistan
| | - Necmi Dege
- Faculty
of Arts and Sciences, Department of Physics, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun 55200, Turkey
| | - Aysen Alaman Agar
- Faculty
of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun 55020, Turkey
| | - Umme Farwa
- Department
of Chemistry, Hafiz Hayat Campus, University
of Gujrat, Gujrat 54000, Pakistan
| | - Shafiq Ur Rehman
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
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Enzyme inhibition and antioxidant potential of new synthesized sulfonamides; synthesis, single crystal and molecular docking. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Dege N, Raza MA, Doğan OE, Ağar T, Mumtaz MW. Theoretical and experimental approaches of new Schiff bases: efficient synthesis, X-ray structures, DFT, molecular modeling and ADMET studies. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-021-02194-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Synthesis of two new Schiff bases; crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis, density functional theory and molecular docking. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Aisha, Raza MA, Sumrra SH, Javed K, Saqib Z, Maurin JK, Budzianowski A. Synthesis, characterization and molecular modeling of amino derived thiazolidinones as esterase and glucosidase inhibitors. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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12
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Raza MA, Fatima K. Molecular modeling approach for designing of amino‐derived anti‐Alzheimer agents: A computational study. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.4076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Asam Raza
- Department of Chemistry, Hafiz Hayat Campus University of Gujrat Gujrat Pakistan
| | - Kiran Fatima
- Department of Chemistry, Hafiz Hayat Campus University of Gujrat Gujrat Pakistan
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