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Cao Y, Wang T, Xi J, Zhang G, Wang T, Liu W, You X, Zhang X, Xia Z, Luan Y. PIG-A gene mutation as a genotoxicity biomarker in human population studies: An investigation in lead-exposed workers. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2020; 61:611-621. [PMID: 32285465 DOI: 10.1002/em.22373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The rodent Pig-a gene mutation assay has demonstrated remarkable sensitivity in identifying in vivo mutagens, while much less is known about the value of the human PIG-A assay for risk assessment. To obtain more evidence of its potential as a predictive biomarker for carcinogen exposure, we investigated PIG-A mutant frequencies (MFs), along with performing the Comet assay and micronucleus (MN) test, in 267 workers occupationally exposed to lead. Multivariate Poisson regression showed that total red blood cell PIG-A MFs were significantly higher in lead-exposed workers (10.90 ± 10.7 × 10-6 ) than in a general population that we studied previously (5.25 ± 3.6 × 10-6 ) (p < .0001). In contrast, there was no increase in lymphocyte MN frequency or in DNA damage as measured by percentage comet tail intensity in whole blood cells. Current year worker blood lead levels (BLL), an exposure biomarker, were elevated (232.6 ± 104.6 μg/L, median: 225.4 μg/L); a cumulative blood lead index (CBLI) also was calculated based on a combination of current and historical worker BLL data. Chi-square testing indicated that PIG-A MFs were significantly related to CBLI (p = .0249), but independent of current year BLL (p = .4276). However, % comet tail intensity and MN frequencies were better associated with current year BLL than CBLI. This study indicates that the PIG-A assay could serve as biomarker to detect the genotoxic effects of lead exposure and demonstrates that a battery of genotoxicity biomarkers having mechanistic complementarity may be useful for comprehensively monitoring human carcinogenic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyi Cao
- School of Public Health, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tuanwei Wang
- Department of Occupational Health & Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Xi
- School of Public Health, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guanghui Zhang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, China
| | - Tongshuai Wang
- Department of Occupational Health & Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiying Liu
- School of Public Health, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyue You
- School of Public Health, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - XinYu Zhang
- School of Public Health, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaolin Xia
- Department of Occupational Health & Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Luan
- School of Public Health, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Developing a blood-based gene mutation assay as a novel biomarker for oesophageal adenocarcinoma. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5168. [PMID: 30914682 PMCID: PMC6435702 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41490-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Phosphatidylinositol glycan class A (PIG-A) gene mutation assay phenotypically measures erythrocyte mutations, assessed here for their correlation to neoplastic progression in the gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD)-Barrett’s metaplasia (BM)-oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) model. Endoscopy patients underwent venipuncture and erythrocytes fluorescently stained for glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI)–anchored proteins; CD55 and CD59. Using flow cytometry, GPI–anchor negative erythrocytes (mutants) were scored and compared amongst groups. The study enlisted 200 patients and 137 healthy volunteers. OAC patients had a three–fold increase in erythrocyte mutant frequency (EMF) compared to GORD patients (p < 0.001) and healthy volunteers (p < 0.001). In OAC patients, higher EMF was associated with worsening tumour staging (p = 0.014), nodal involvement (p = 0.019) and metastatic disease (p = 0.008). Chemotherapy patients demonstrated EMF’s over 19–times higher than GORD patients. Patients were further classified into groups containing those with non-neoplastic disease and those with high-grade dysplasia/cancer with 72.1% of cases correctly classified by high EMF. Within the non-neoplastic group, aspirin users had lower EMF (p = 0.001) and there was a positive correlation between body mass index (p = 0.03) and age (p < 0.001) and EMF. Smokers had EMF’s over double that of non-smokers (p = 0.011). Results suggest this test could help detect OAC and may be a useful predictor of disease progression.
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Multi-laboratory evaluation of 1,3-propane sultone, N -propyl- N -nitrosourea, and mitomycin C in the Pig-a mutation assay in vivo. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2018; 831:62-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2018.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Kimoto T, Horibata K, Miura D, Chikura S, Okada Y, Ukai A, Itoh S, Nakayama S, Sanada H, Koyama N, Muto S, Uno Y, Yamamoto M, Suzuki Y, Fukuda T, Goto K, Wada K, Kyoya T, Shigano M, Takasawa H, Hamada S, Adachi H, Uematsu Y, Tsutsumi E, Hori H, Kikuzuki R, Ogiwara Y, Yoshida I, Maeda A, Narumi K, Fujiishi Y, Morita T, Yamada M, Honma M. The PIGRET assay, a method for measuring Pig-a gene mutation in reticulocytes, is reliable as a short-term in vivo genotoxicity test: Summary of the MMS/JEMS-collaborative study across 16 laboratories using 24 chemicals. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2016; 811:3-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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