Sub-second adsorption for the fast sub-nanomolar monitoring of Clindamycin in its pure and pharmaceutical samples by fast Fourier transformation with the use of continuous cyclic voltammetry at an Au microelectrode in a flowing system

Nano optical and electrochemical sensors and biosensors for detection of narrow therapeutic index drugs

For the first time, a comprehensive review is presented on the quantitative determination of narrow therapeutic index drugs (NTIDs) by nano optical and electrochemical sensors and biosensors. NTIDs have a narrow index between their effective doses and those at which they produce adverse toxic effects. Therefore, accurate determination of these drugs is very important for clinicians to provide a clear judgment about drug therapy for patients. Routine analytical techniques have limitations such as being expensive, laborious, and time-consuming, and need a skilled user and therefore  the nano/(bio)sensing technology leads to high interest.

Validated green spectrophotometric kinetic method for determination of Clindamycin Hydrochloride in capsules

BACKGROUND

simple, sensitive, free of organic solvents, kinetic spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of Clindamycin Hydrochloride, both in pure form and Capsules. Method is based on reaction of Clindamycin with potassium iodide and potassium iodate in an aqueous medium at (25 ± 2 °C) to produce yellow-coloured tri iodide ions (I₃^-). The reaction is followed spectrophotometrically by measuring the absorbance at wavelength 350 nm during 40 min.

RESULTS

the effects of analytical parameters on reported kinetic methods were investigated. Under the optimized conditions, the initial rate and fixed time (at 10 min) methods were used for constructing the calibration graphs. The graphs were linear in concentration ranges 1-20 μg ml^-1 with limit of detection of 0.12 and 0.22 μg ml^-1for the initial rate and fixed time methods, respectively. The results were satisfactory and the analytical performance for both methods was validated.

CONCLUSION

The proposed methods have been applied to determine the components in capsules with an average recovery of 98.25-102.00% and the results are in good agreement with those found by the reference method.

Simultaneous extraction and determination of trace amounts of diclofenac from whole blood using supported liquid membrane microextraction and fast Fourier transform voltammetry

A novel, simple, and inexpensive analytical technique based on flat sheet supported liquid membrane microextraction coupled with fast Fourier transform stripping cyclic voltammetry on a reduced graphene oxide carbon paste electrode was used for the extraction and online determination of diclofenac in whole blood. First, diclofenac was extracted from blood samples using a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane impregnated with 1-octanol and then into an acceptor solution, subsequently it was oxidized on a carbon paste electrode modified with reduced graphene oxide nanosheets. The optimal values of the key parameters influencing the method were as follows: scan rate, 6 V/s; stripping potential, 200 mV; stripping time, 5 s; pH of the sample solution, 5; pH of the acceptor solution,7; and extraction time, 240 min. The calibration curves were plotted for the whole blood samples and the method was found to have a good linearity within the range of 1-25 μg/mL with a determination coefficient of 0.99. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.1 and 1.0 μg/mL, respectively. Using this coupled method, the extraction and determination were merged into one step. Accordingly, the speed of detection for sensitive determination of diclofenac in complex samples, such as blood, increased considerably.

Research progress in electroanalytical techniques for determination of antimalarial drugs in pharmaceutical and biological samples

The review focusses on the role of electroanalytical methods for determination of antimalarial drugs in biological matrices and pharmaceutical formulations with a critical analysis of published voltammetric and potentiometric methods.

Sonochemical preparation of a ytterbium oxide/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite for supercapacitors with enhanced capacitive performance

Decoration of graphene with different nanostructures can result in fundamental advancements in versatile technologies, especially in the fast growing fields of catalysts, sensors and energy storage.

A high performance supercapacitor based on a ceria/graphene nanocomposite synthesized by a facile sonochemical method

In this work, we have developed a novel nanocomposite material of ceria (CeO₂)–reduced graphene oxide (RGO) by a sonochemical route for application as a symmetric supercapacitor.

Electrochemical and theoretical study of the inhibition effect of two synthesized thiosemicarbazide derivatives on carbon steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid solution

The inhibition effect of two synthesized thiosemicarbazide derivatives on carbon steel corrosion was studied experimentally (FFT-Voltammetry) and theoretically.