1
|
Zuo R, Kong L, Pang W, Jiang S. Halofuginone-guided nano-local therapy: Nano-thermosensitive hydrogels for postoperative metastatic canine mammary carcinoma with scar removal. Int J Pharm X 2024; 7:100241. [PMID: 38572023 PMCID: PMC10987322 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2024.100241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In female dogs, the highest morbidity and mortality rates cancer are the result of mammary adenocarcinoma, which presents with metastases in the lung. Other than early surgical removal, however, no special methods are available to treat mammary adenocarcinoma. Because human breast cancer and canine mammary carcinoma share clinical characteristics and heterogeneity, the canine model is a suitable spontaneous tumor model for breast cancer in humans. In this study, the physical swelling method was used to prepare halofuginone-loaded D-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) polymer micelles nano-thermosensitive hydrogels (HTPM-gel). Furthermore, HTPM-gel was investigated via characterization, morphology, properties such as swelling experiment and in vitro release with reflecting its splendid nature. Moreover, HTPM-gel was further examined its capability to anti-proliferation, anti-migration, and anti-invasion. Ultimately, HTPM-gel was investigated for its in vivo anticancer activity in the post-operative metastatic and angiogenic canine mammary carcinoma. HTPM-gel presented spherical under transmission electron microscope (TEM) and represented grid structure under scanning electron microscope (SEM), with hydrodynamic diameter (HD) of 20.25 ± 2.5 nm and zeta potential (ZP) of 15.10 ± 1.82 mV. Additionally, HTPM-gel own excellent properties comprised of pH-dependent swelling behavior, sustained release behavior. To impede the migration, invasion, and proliferation of CMT-U27 cells, we tested the efficacy of HTPM-gel. Evaluation of in vivo anti-tumor efficacy demonstrates HTPM-gel exhibit a splendid anti-metastasis and anti-angiogenic ability, with exhibiting ideal biocompatibility. Notably, HTPM-gel also inhibited the scar formation in the healing process after surgery. In summary, HTPM-gel exhibited anti-metastasis and anti-angiogenic and scar repair features. According to the results of this study, HTPM-gel has encouraging clinical potential to treat tumors with multifunctional hydrogel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Runan Zuo
- Animal-derived food safety innovation team, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Province Key Lab of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, PR China
- Engineering Center of Innovative Veterinary Drugs, Center for Veterinary Drug Research and Evaluation, MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Lingqing Kong
- Animal-derived food safety innovation team, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Province Key Lab of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, PR China
| | - Wanjun Pang
- Animal-derived food safety innovation team, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Province Key Lab of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, PR China
| | - Shanxiang Jiang
- Engineering Center of Innovative Veterinary Drugs, Center for Veterinary Drug Research and Evaluation, MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang X, Wang X, Gao X, Guo X, Hou S, Shi J, Lv Q. What else should hemostatic materials do beyond hemostasis: A review. Mater Today Bio 2024; 25:101008. [PMID: 38495915 PMCID: PMC10940931 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Massive blood loss due to injury is the leading cause of prehospital deaths in disasters and emergencies. Hemostatic materials are used to realize rapid hemostasis and protect patients from death. Researchers have designed and developed a variety of hemostatic materials. However, in addition to their hemostatic effect, hemostatic materials must be endowed with additional functions to meet the practical application requirements in different scenarios. Here, strategies for modifications of hemostatic materials for use in different application scenarios are listed: effective positioning at the site of deep and narrow wounds to stop bleeding, resistance to high blood pressure and wound movement to maintain wound formation, rapid and easy removal from the wound without affecting further treatment after hemostasis is completed, and continued function when retained in the wound as a dressing (such as antibacterial, antiadhesion, tissue repair, etc.). The problems encountered in the practical use of hemostatic materials and the strategies and progress of researchers will be further discussed in this review. We hope to provide valuable references for the design of more comprehensive and practical hemostatic materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Yang
- Institution of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Key Laboratory for Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin 300072, China
- Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute of Tianjin University, Wenzhou 325026, China
| | - Xiudan Wang
- Institution of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Key Laboratory for Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin 300072, China
- Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute of Tianjin University, Wenzhou 325026, China
| | - Xing Gao
- Institution of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiaoqin Guo
- Institution of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Key Laboratory for Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin 300072, China
- Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute of Tianjin University, Wenzhou 325026, China
| | - Shike Hou
- Institution of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Key Laboratory for Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin 300072, China
- Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute of Tianjin University, Wenzhou 325026, China
| | - Jie Shi
- Institution of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Key Laboratory for Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin 300072, China
- Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute of Tianjin University, Wenzhou 325026, China
| | - Qi Lv
- Institution of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Key Laboratory for Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin 300072, China
- Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute of Tianjin University, Wenzhou 325026, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang X, Yang X, Sun Z, Guo X, Teng Y, Hou S, Shi J, Lv Q. Progress in injectable hydrogels for the treatment of incompressible bleeding: an update. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 11:1335211. [PMID: 38264581 PMCID: PMC10803650 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1335211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Uncontrollable haemorrhage from deep, noncompressible wounds remains a persistent and intractable challenge, accounting for a very high proportion of deaths in both war and disaster situations. Recently, injectable hydrogels have been increasingly studied as potential haemostatic materials, highlighting their enormous potential for the management of noncompressible haemorrhages. In this review, we summarize haemostatic mechanisms, commonly used clinical haemostatic methods, and the research progress on injectable haemostatic hydrogels. We emphasize the current status of injectable hydrogels as haemostatic materials, including their physical and chemical properties, design strategy, haemostatic mechanisms, and application in various types of wounds. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of injectable hydrogels as haemostatic materials, as well as the opportunities and challenges involved. Finally, we propose cutting-edge research avenues to address these challenges and opportunities, including the combination of injectable hydrogels with advanced materials and innovative strategies to increase their biocompatibility and tune their degradation profile. Surface modifications for promoting cell adhesion and proliferation, as well as the delivery of growth factors or other biologics for optimal wound healing, are also suggested. We believe that this paper will inform researchers about the current status of the use of injectable haemostatic hydrogels for noncompressible haemorrhage and spark new ideas for those striving to propel this field forward.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiudan Wang
- Institution of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute of Tianjin University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinran Yang
- Institution of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute of Tianjin University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiguang Sun
- Institution of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute of Tianjin University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoqin Guo
- Institution of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory for Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanjiao Teng
- Institution of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute of Tianjin University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Shike Hou
- Institution of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute of Tianjin University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Shi
- Institution of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute of Tianjin University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Qi Lv
- Institution of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute of Tianjin University, Wenzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Huang X, Zheng Y, Ming J, Ning X, Bai S. Natural polymer-based bioadhesives as hemostatic platforms for wound healing. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128275. [PMID: 38000608 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Medical adhesives are advanced but challenging alternatives to wound closure and repair, especially in mitigating uncontrolled hemorrhage. Ideal hemostatic adhesives need to meet good biocompatibility and biodegradability, adequate mechanical strength, and strong tissue adhesion functionality under wet and dynamic conditions. Considering these requirements, natural polymers such as polysaccharide, protein and DNA, attract great attention as candidates for making bioadhesives because of their distinctive physicochemical performances and biological properties. This review systematically summarizes the advances of bioadhesives based on natural polysaccharide, protein and DNA. Various physical and chemical cross-linking strategies have been introduced for adhesive synthesis and their hemostatic applications are introduced from the aspect of versatility. Furthermore, the possible challenges and future opportunities of bioadhesives are discussed, providing insights into the development of high-performance hemostatic materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Huang
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens and Technical Textiles, College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yankun Zheng
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinfa Ming
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens and Technical Textiles, College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xin Ning
- Industrial Research Institute of Nonwovens and Technical Textiles, College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Shumeng Bai
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Monteiro LPG, Rodrigues JMM, Mano JF. In situ generated hemostatic adhesives: From mechanisms of action to recent advances and applications. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 155:213670. [PMID: 37952461 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Conventional surgical closure techniques, such as sutures, clips, or skin closure strips, may not always provide optimal wound closure and may require invasive procedures, which can result in potential post-surgical complications. As result, there is a growing demand for innovative solutions to achieve superior wound closure and improve patient outcomes. To overcome the abovementioned issues, in situ generated hemostatic adhesives/sealants have emerged as a promising alternative, offering a targeted, controllable, and minimally invasive procedure for a wide variety of medical applications. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms of action and recent advances of in situ generated hemostatic adhesives, particularly protein-based, thermoresponsive, bioinspired, and photocrosslinkable formulations, as well as the design challenges that must be addressed. Overall, this review aims to enhance a comprehensive understanding of the latest advancements of in situ generated hemostatic adhesives and their mechanisms of action, with the objective of promoting further research in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luís P G Monteiro
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João M M Rodrigues
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - João F Mano
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gu R, Zhou H, Zhang Z, Lv Y, Pan Y, Li Q, Shi C, Wang Y, Wei L. Research progress related to thermosensitive hydrogel dressings in wound healing: a review. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:6017-6037. [PMID: 37941954 PMCID: PMC10629053 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00407d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing is a dynamic and complex process in which the microenvironment at the wound site plays an important role. As a common material for wound healing, dressings accelerate wound healing and prevent external wound infections. Hydrogels have become a hot topic in wound-dressing research because of their high water content, good biocompatibility, and adjustable physical and chemical properties. Intelligent hydrogel dressings have attracted considerable attention because of their excellent environmental responsiveness. As smart polymer hydrogels, thermosensitive hydrogels can respond to small temperature changes in the environment, and their special properties make them superior to other hydrogels. This review mainly focuses on the research progress in thermosensitive intelligent hydrogel dressings for wound healing. Polymers suitable for hydrogel formation and the appropriate molecular design of the hydrogel network to achieve thermosensitive hydrogel properties are discussed, followed by the application of thermosensitive hydrogels as wound dressings. We also discuss the future perspectives of thermosensitive hydrogels as wound dressings and provide systematic theoretical support for wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruting Gu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao 266000 China
| | - Haiqing Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao 266000 China
| | - Zirui Zhang
- Emergency Departments, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao 266000 China
| | - Yun Lv
- School of Nursing, Qingdao University Qingdao 266000 China
| | - Yueshuai Pan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao 266000 China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Ophthalmology Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao 266000 China
| | - Changfang Shi
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao 266000 China
| | - Yanhui Wang
- Department of Oral Implantology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao 266000 China
| | - Lili Wei
- Office of the Dean, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Qingdao 266000 China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zheng J, Wang Y, Wang Y, Duan R, Liu L. Gelatin/Hyaluronic Acid Photocrosslinked Double Network Hydrogel with Nano-Hydroxyapatite Composite for Potential Application in Bone Repair. Gels 2023; 9:742. [PMID: 37754423 PMCID: PMC10530748 DOI: 10.3390/gels9090742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of hydrogels in bone repair is limited due to their low mechanical strength. Simulating bone extracellular matrix, methylacrylylated gelatin (GelMA)/methylacrylylated hyaluronic acid (HAMA)/nano-hydroxyapatite(nHap) composite hydrogels were prepared by combining the double network strategy and composite of nHap in this study. The precursor solutions of the composite hydrogels were injectable due to their shear thinning property. The compressive elastic modulus of the composite hydrogel was significantly enhanced, the fracture strength of the composite hydrogel nearly reached 1 MPa, and the composite hydrogel retained its high water content at above 88%. The composite hydrogels possess good compatibility with BMSCS and have the potential to be used as injectable hydrogels for bone defect treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Lingrong Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China; (J.Z.); (Y.W.); (Y.W.); (R.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Shen Z, Zhang C, Wang T, Xu J. Advances in Functional Hydrogel Wound Dressings: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15092000. [PMID: 37177148 PMCID: PMC10180742 DOI: 10.3390/polym15092000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most advanced, promising, and commercially viable research issues in the world of hydrogel dressing is gaining functionality to achieve improved therapeutic impact or even intelligent wound repair. In addition to the merits of ordinary hydrogel dressings, functional hydrogel dressings can adjust their chemical/physical properties to satisfy different wound types, carry out the corresponding reactions to actively create a healing environment conducive to wound repair, and can also control drug release to provide a long-lasting benefit. Although a lot of in-depth research has been conducted over the last few decades, very few studies have been properly summarized. In order to give researchers a basic blueprint for designing functional hydrogel dressings and to motivate them to develop ever-more intelligent wound dressings, we summarized the development of functional hydrogel dressings in recent years, as well as the current situation and future trends, in light of their preparation mechanisms and functional effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Shen
- Aulin College, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Chenrui Zhang
- Aulin College, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Aulin College, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Juan Xu
- National Research Institute for Family Planning, Haidian District, No. 12, Da Hui Si Road, Beijing 100081, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Dynamic modulation and epoxy functionalization of protein-mediated enoate ester-based hybrid cryogels. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 223:1158-1179. [PMID: 36375674 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The current work is focused on the preparation of protein-mediated poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-glycidyl methacrylate) copolymer as a self-template for in situ synthesis of hybrid gels. Gelatin, collagen, biotin, and l-arginine were used to create hybrid materials with adjustable swelling and elastic properties. Hybrid cryogels tended to swell more than hybrid hydrogels due to their porous nature. Collaged-doped cryogels had the highest swelling, whereas gelatin-doped hybrids showed enhanced elastic modulus. All hybrid gels exhibited pH-sensitive swelling to controlled release applications depending on the degree of protonation of NH2 and COOH groups in the side chains. At low pH conditions, hybrid cryogels exhibited a higher swelling tendency compared to hydrogels. Ion-stimulus-response of hybrid gels was studied to evaluate the effect of salt concentration and features of ambient ions on swelling. Depending on the polyelectrolytic or polyampholytic nature, the extent of swelling in NaCl and KCl solutions varied according to the charge distribution in the network chains. Hybrid gels showed excellent adsorption performance for methyl orange by the presence of epoxy, hydroxyl groups, amino and carboxyl groups providing sufficient active sites. Adsorption capacity of hybrid cryogels is higher than that of hydrogels. The removal rate 97/%, reached an equilibrium state in a short period, suggested that collagen-doped hybrid cryogels have a potential application to remove dyestuff from wastewater. In relation to the decrease of methyl orange concentration in solution, adsorption process followed pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Avrami model has provided a better experimental-calculated fit and adsorption thermodynamics analysis indicated that the adsorption was a spontaneous process with a negative standard free energy. The characteristic findings from this research will provide insights into the design and application of enoate-ester and protein-based combinations in the food, biomedical and cosmetic fields.
Collapse
|
10
|
Chlorella vulgaris Extract-Decorated Gold Nanoparticle Hybridized Antimicrobial Hydrogel as a Potential Dressing. Gels 2022; 9:gels9010011. [PMID: 36661779 PMCID: PMC9857690 DOI: 10.3390/gels9010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This study reports a novel design of a moisturizing and antimicrobial hydrogel with injectable properties, using a green solvent (glycerol) as a cross-linking agent and gold nanoparticle reduced by Chlorella extract as an antimicrobial approach. We have synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with environmentally friendly and bio-safe properties using Chlorella aqueous extracts (AuNPs@Chlorella). Characterization of the nanoparticles by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectrum, and transmission electron microscope (TEM) confirmed that spherical AuNPs with the particle size of 10-20 nm were successfully synthesized. An analysis of the enhancement of the stability of gelatin hydrogels by the addition of glycerol and AuNPs was performed by rheometry. In addition, we also used Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) to confirm the good antibacterial activity. Therefore, the as-prepared gelatin-glycerol hydrogels containing AuNPs@Chlorella are most likely promising alternatives for wound healing dressings.
Collapse
|