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Pawar S, Pingale P, Garkal A, Osmani RAM, Gajbhiye K, Kulkarni M, Pardeshi K, Mehta T, Rajput A. Unlocking the potential of nanocarrier-mediated mRNA delivery across diverse biomedical frontiers: A comprehensive review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131139. [PMID: 38615863 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Messenger RNA (mRNA) has gained marvelous attention for managing and preventing various conditions like cancer, Alzheimer's, infectious diseases, etc. Due to the quick development and success of the COVID-19 mRNA-based vaccines, mRNA has recently grown in prominence. A lot of products are in clinical trials and some are already FDA-approved. However, still improvements in line of optimizing stability and delivery, reducing immunogenicity, increasing efficiency, expanding therapeutic applications, scalability and manufacturing, and long-term safety monitoring are needed. The delivery of mRNA via a nanocarrier system gives a synergistic outcome for managing chronic and complicated conditions. The modified nanocarrier-loaded mRNA has excellent potential as a therapeutic strategy. This emerging platform covers a wide range of diseases, recently, several clinical studies are ongoing and numerous publications are coming out every year. Still, many unexplained physical, biological, and technical problems of mRNA for safer human consumption. These complications were addressed with various nanocarrier formulations. This review systematically summarizes the solved problems and applications of nanocarrier-based mRNA delivery. The modified nanocarrier mRNA meaningfully improved mRNA stability and abridged its immunogenicity issues. Furthermore, several strategies were discussed that can be an effective solution in the future for managing complicated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smita Pawar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, N.P. Marg, Matunga (E), Mumbai 400019, Maharashtra, India
| | - Prashant Pingale
- Department of Pharmaceutics, GES's Sir Dr. M. S. Gosavi College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Nashik 422005, Maharashtra, India
| | - Atul Garkal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382481, Gujarat, India; Center for Nanomedicine at the Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Riyaz Ali M Osmani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Kavita Gajbhiye
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharti Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Erandwane, Pune 411038, Maharashtra, India
| | - Madhur Kulkarni
- SCES's Indira College of Pharmacy, New Pune Mumbai Highway, Tathwade 411033, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Krutika Pardeshi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sandip University, Nashik 422213, Maharashtra, India
| | - Tejal Mehta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad 382481, Gujarat, India
| | - Amarjitsing Rajput
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharti Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Erandwane, Pune 411038, Maharashtra, India.
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2
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Gao S, Xu B, Sun J, Zhang Z. Nanotechnological advances in cancer: therapy a comprehensive review of carbon nanotube applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1351787. [PMID: 38562672 PMCID: PMC10984352 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1351787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology is revolutionising different areas from manufacturing to therapeutics in the health field. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), a promising drug candidate in nanomedicine, have attracted attention due to their excellent and unique mechanical, electronic, and physicochemical properties. This emerging nanomaterial has attracted a wide range of scientific interest in the last decade. Carbon nanotubes have many potential applications in cancer therapy, such as imaging, drug delivery, and combination therapy. Carbon nanotubes can be used as carriers for drug delivery systems by carrying anticancer drugs and enabling targeted release to improve therapeutic efficacy and reduce adverse effects on healthy tissues. In addition, carbon nanotubes can be combined with other therapeutic approaches, such as photothermal and photodynamic therapies, to work synergistically to destroy cancer cells. Carbon nanotubes have great potential as promising nanomaterials in the field of nanomedicine, offering new opportunities and properties for future cancer treatments. In this paper, the main focus is on the application of carbon nanotubes in cancer diagnostics, targeted therapies, and toxicity evaluation of carbon nanotubes at the biological level to ensure the safety and real-life and clinical applications of carbon nanotubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyang Gao
- Jilin University of College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Changchun, Jilin, China
- School of Mechatronic Engineering, Chang Chun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Binhan Xu
- School of Mechatronic Engineering, Chang Chun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jianwei Sun
- School of Mechatronic Engineering, Chang Chun University of Technology, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- Jilin University of College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Changchun, Jilin, China
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3
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Brito C, Silva JV, Gonzaga RV, La-Scalea MA, Giarolla J, Ferreira EI. A Review on Carbon Nanotubes Family of Nanomaterials and Their Health Field. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:8687-8708. [PMID: 38434894 PMCID: PMC10905599 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which are nanometric materials, in pathogen detection, protection of environments, food safety, and in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, as efficient drug delivery systems, is relevant for the improvement and advancement of pharmacological profiles of many molecules employed in therapeutics and in tissue bioengineering. It has contributed to the advancement of science due to the development of new tools and devices in the field of medicine. CNTs have versatile mechanical, physical, and chemical properties, in addition to their great potential for association with other materials to contribute to applications in different fields of medicine. As, for example, photothermal therapy, due to the ability to convert infrared light into heat, in tissue engineering, due to the mechanical resistance, flexibility, elasticity, and low density, in addition to many other possible applications, and as biomarkers, where the electronic and optics properties enable the transduction of their signals. This review aims to describe the state of the art and the perspectives and challenges of applying CNTs in the medical field. A systematic search was carried out in the indexes Medline, Lilacs, SciELO, and Web of Science using the descriptors "carbon nanotubes", "tissue regeneration", "electrical interface (biosensors and chemical sensors)", "photosensitizers", "photothermal", "drug delivery", "biocompatibility" and "nanotechnology", and "Prodrug design" and appropriately grouped. The literature reviewed showed great applicability, but more studies are needed regarding the biocompatibility of CNTs. The data obtained point to the need for standardized studies on the applications and interactions of these nanostructures with biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles
L. Brito
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, Bloco 13, São Paulo CEP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - João V. Silva
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, Bloco 13, São Paulo CEP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo V. Gonzaga
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, Bloco 13, São Paulo CEP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Mauro A. La-Scalea
- Department
of Chemistry, Federal University of São
Paulo, Diadema 09972-270, Brazil
| | - Jeanine Giarolla
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, Bloco 13, São Paulo CEP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth I. Ferreira
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, Bloco 13, São Paulo CEP 05508-000, Brazil
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Bengalli RD, Zerbi G, Lucotti A, Catelani T, Mantecca P. Carbon nanotubes: Structural defects as stressors inducing lung cell toxicity. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 382:110613. [PMID: 37353135 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Lung toxicity of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is matter of concern since very long time. However, their mechanism of toxicity is still not yet well defined. In this work, the role of structural defects as organic stressors of CNTs able to trigger their potential toxicity is investigated. Four commercial CNTs, with different carbon purity grade, are morphologically characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the relative amount of structural defects are estimated through Raman spectroscopy, by measuring the intensity ratio D/G (ID/IG). The oxidative potential of CNTs is evaluated with cytochrome-C assay and reactive oxygen species (ROS) detection. Data show that CNTs with larger amounts of structural defects (higher ID/IG ratio) induce an increased ROS generation and consequent cytotoxicity and cellular damage, shown by TEM images of CNTs-cells interaction. Raman analyses of cells exposed to CNTs point out that the spectra of the CNTs inside the cells show no differences with respect of the signal recorded for cell-free CNTs, evidencing their biopersistence in lung cells. Raman spectra cannot provide direct indication of the existence of metals as impurity. It follows that the intensity ratio ID/IG can be taken as a predictive marker of the toxicity of a given CNT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Daniela Bengalli
- POLARIS Research Centre, Dept. of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126, Milano, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Zerbi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Lucotti
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Tiziano Catelani
- Microscopy Facility, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 3, 20126, Milano, Italy
| | - Paride Mantecca
- POLARIS Research Centre, Dept. of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126, Milano, Italy
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5
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Gomez-Villalba LS, Salcines C, Fort R. Application of Inorganic Nanomaterials in Cultural Heritage Conservation, Risk of Toxicity, and Preventive Measures. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13091454. [PMID: 37176999 PMCID: PMC10180185 DOI: 10.3390/nano13091454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has allowed for significant progress in architectural, artistic, archaeological, or museum heritage conservation for repairing and preventing damages produced by deterioration agents (weathering, contaminants, or biological actions). This review analyzes the current treatments using nanomaterials, including consolidants, biocides, hydrophobic protectives, mechanical resistance improvers, flame-retardants, and multifunctional nanocomposites. Unfortunately, nanomaterials can affect human and animal health, altering the environment. Right now, it is a priority to stop to analyze its advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, the aims are to raise awareness about the nanotoxicity risks during handling and the subsequent environmental exposure to all those directly or indirectly involved in conservation processes. It reports the human-body interaction mechanisms and provides guidelines for preventing or controlling its toxicity, mentioning the current toxicity research of main compounds and emphasizing the need to provide more information about morphological, structural, and specific features that ultimately contribute to understanding their toxicity. It provides information about the current documents of international organizations (European Commission, NIOSH, OECD, Countries Normative) about worker protection, isolation, laboratory ventilation control, and debris management. Furthermore, it reports the qualitative risk assessment methods, management strategies, dose control, and focus/receptor relationship, besides the latest trends of using nanomaterials in masks and gas emissions control devices, discussing their risk of toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz Stella Gomez-Villalba
- Institute of Geosciences, Spanish National Research Council, Complutense University of Madrid (CSIC, UCM), Calle Dr. Severo Ochoa 7, Planta 4, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ciro Salcines
- Infrastructures Service, Health and Safety Unit, University of Cantabria, Pabellón de Gobierno, Avenida de los Castros 54, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Rafael Fort
- Institute of Geosciences, Spanish National Research Council, Complutense University of Madrid (CSIC, UCM), Calle Dr. Severo Ochoa 7, Planta 4, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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6
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Khalid A, Yi W, Yoo S, Abbas S, Si J, Hou X, Hou J. Single-chirality of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) through chromatography and its potential biological applications. NEW J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj04056e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Gel chromatography is used to separate single-chirality and selective-diameter SWCNTs. We also explore the use of photothermal therapy and biosensor applications based on single-chirality, selected-diameter, and unique geometric shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Khalid
- Key Laboratory for Information Photonic Technology of Shaanxi & Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronics Science and Engineering, Faculty of Electronics and Information Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Wenhui Yi
- Key Laboratory for Information Photonic Technology of Shaanxi & Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronics Science and Engineering, Faculty of Electronics and Information Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Sweejiang Yoo
- Key Laboratory for Information Photonic Technology of Shaanxi & Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronics Science and Engineering, Faculty of Electronics and Information Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Shakeel Abbas
- Key Laboratory for Information Photonic Technology of Shaanxi & Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronics Science and Engineering, Faculty of Electronics and Information Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Jinhai Si
- Key Laboratory for Information Photonic Technology of Shaanxi & Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronics Science and Engineering, Faculty of Electronics and Information Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Xun Hou
- Key Laboratory for Information Photonic Technology of Shaanxi & Key Laboratory for Physical Electronics and Devices of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronics Science and Engineering, Faculty of Electronics and Information Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Jin Hou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
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7
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Karati D, Kumar D. A Comprehensive Review on Targeted Cancer Therapy: New Face of Treatment Approach. Curr Pharm Des 2023; 29:3282-3294. [PMID: 38038008 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128272203231121034814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of life's most difficult difficulties and a severe health risk everywhere. Except for haematological malignancies, it is characterized by unchecked cell growth and a lack of cell death, which results in an aberrant tissue mass or tumour. Vascularization promotes tumor growth, which eventually aids metastasis and migration to other parts of the body, ultimately resulting in death. The genetic material of the cells is harmed or mutated by environmental or inherited influences, which results in cancer. Presently, anti-neoplastic medications (chemotherapy, hormone, and biological therapies) are the treatment of choice for metastatic cancers, whilst surgery and radiotherapy are the mainstays for local and non-metastatic tumors. Regrettably, chemotherapy disturbs healthy cells with rapid proliferation, such as those in the gastrointestinal tract and hair follicles, leading to the typical side effects of chemotherapy. Finding new, efficient, targeted therapies based on modifications in the molecular biology of tumor cells is essential because current chemotherapeutic medications are harmful and can cause the development of multidrug resistance. These new targeted therapies, which are gaining popularity as demonstrated by the FDA-approved targeted cancer drugs in recent years, enter molecules directly into tumor cells, diminishing the adverse reactions. A form of cancer treatment known as targeted therapy goes after the proteins that regulate how cancer cells proliferate, divide, and disseminate. Most patients with specific cancers, such as chronic myelogenous leukemia (commonly known as CML), will have a target for a particular medicine, allowing them to be treated with that drug. Nonetheless, the tumor must typically be examined to determine whether it includes drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipanjan Karati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Techno India University, Kolkata 700091, West Bengal 900017, India
| | - Dileep Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharti Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra 411038, India
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8
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Recent Development of Nano-Carbon Material in Pharmaceutical Application: A Review. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27217578. [PMID: 36364403 PMCID: PMC9654677 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon nanomaterials have attracted researchers in pharmaceutical applications due to their outstanding properties and flexible dimensional structures. Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) have electrical properties, high thermal surface area, and high cellular internalization, making them suitable for drug and gene delivery, antioxidants, bioimaging, biosensing, and tissue engineering applications. There are various types of carbon nanomaterials including graphene, carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, nanodiamond, quantum dots and many more that have interesting applications in the future. The functionalization of the carbon nanomaterial surface could modify its chemical and physical properties, as well as improve drug loading capacity, biocompatibility, suppress immune response and have the ability to direct drug delivery to the targeted site. Carbon nanomaterials could also be fabricated into composites with proteins and drugs to reduce toxicity and increase effectiveness in the pharmaceutical field. Thus, carbon nanomaterials are very effective for applications in pharmaceutical or biomedical systems. This review will demonstrate the extraordinary properties of nanocarbon materials that can be used in pharmaceutical applications.
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9
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Carbon nanotube as an emerging theranostic tool for oncology. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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10
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The Application of Carbon Nanomaterials in Sensing, Imaging, Drug Delivery and Therapy for Gynecologic Cancers: An Overview. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144465. [PMID: 35889338 PMCID: PMC9324069 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gynecologic cancers are one of the main health concerns of women throughout the world, and the early diagnosis and effective therapy of gynecologic cancers will be particularly important for the survival of female patients. As a current hotspot, carbon nanomaterials have attracted tremendous interest in tumor theranostics, and their application in gynecologic cancers has also been developed rapidly with great achievements in recent years. This Overview Article summarizes the latest progress in the application of diverse carbon nanomaterials (e.g., graphenes, carbon nanotubes, mesoporous carbon, carbon dots, etc.) and their derivatives in the sensing, imaging, drug delivery, and therapy of different gynecologic cancers. Important research contributions are highlighted in terms of the relationships among the fabrication strategies, architectural features, and action mechanisms for the diagnosis and therapy of gynecologic cancers. The current challenges and future strategies are discussed from the viewpoint of the real clinical application of carbon-based nanomedicines in gynecologic cancers. It is anticipated that this review will attract more attention toward the development and application of carbon nanomaterials for the theranostics of gynecologic cancers.
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11
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Indirect mediators of systemic health outcomes following nanoparticle inhalation exposure. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 235:108120. [PMID: 35085604 PMCID: PMC9189040 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The growing field of nanoscience has shed light on the wide diversity of natural and anthropogenic sources of nano-scale particulates, raising concern as to their impacts on human health. Inhalation is the most robust route of entry, with nanoparticles (NPs) evading mucociliary clearance and depositing deep into the alveolar region. Yet, impacts from inhaled NPs are evident far outside the lung, particularly on the cardiovascular system and highly vascularized organs like the brain. Peripheral effects are partly explained by the translocation of some NPs from the lung into the circulation; however, other NPs largely confined to the lung are still accompanied by systemic outcomes. Omic research has only just begun to inform on the complex myriad of molecules released from the lung to the blood as byproducts of pulmonary pathology. These indirect mediators are diverse in their molecular make-up and activity in the periphery. The present review examines systemic outcomes attributed to pulmonary NP exposure and what is known about indirect pathological mediators released from the lung into the circulation. Further focus was directed to outcomes in the brain, a highly vascularized region susceptible to acute and longer-term outcomes. Findings here support the need for big-data toxicological studies to understand what drives these health outcomes and better predict, circumvent, and treat the potential health impacts arising from NP exposure scenarios.
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Deng Z, Zhao L, Mu H, Jiang L, Xi W, Xu X, Zheng W. High selective property of gelatin/MWCNTs functionalized carbon fiber microelectrode: Toward real-time monitoring of ascorbate. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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13
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Ghidini M, Silva SG, Evangelista J, do Vale MLC, Farooqi AA, Pinheiro M. Nanomedicine for the Delivery of RNA in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112677. [PMID: 35681657 PMCID: PMC9179531 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cancer is a multifaceted, life-threatening, and genomically complex disease. The worldwide prevalence of cancer is so high that one in three people will develop cancer during their lifetime. Although the use of RNA therapy is promising to fight cancer, its efficient and safe delivery is still one of the significant challenges hampering its therapeutic application. Thus, the aim of the present review was to highlight the most recent developments in the field of nanomedicine RNA-associated therapies to fight cancer. Abstract The complexity, and the diversity of the different types of cancers allied to the tendency to form metastasis make treatment efficiency so tricky and often impossible due to the advanced stage of the disease in the diagnosis. In recent years, due to tremendous scientific breakthroughs, we have witnessed exponential growth in the elucidation of mechanisms that underlie carcinogenesis and metastasis. The development of more selective therapies made it possible to improve cancer treatment. Although interdisciplinary research leads to encouraging results, scientists still have a long exploration journey. RNA technology represents a promise as a therapeutic intervention for targeted gene silencing in cancer, and there are already some RNA-based formulations in clinical trials. However, the use of RNA as a therapeutic tool presents severe limitations, mainly related to its low stability and poor cellular uptake. Thus, the use of nanomedicine employing nanoparticles to encapsulate RNA may represent a suitable platform to address the major challenges hampering its therapeutic application. In this review, we have revisited the potential of RNA and RNA-associated therapies to fight cancer, also providing, as support, a general overview of nanoplatforms for RNA delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Ghidini
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Sandra G. Silva
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (S.G.S.); (M.L.C.d.V.)
| | - Jessica Evangelista
- Thoracic Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Maria Luísa C. do Vale
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (S.G.S.); (M.L.C.d.V.)
| | - Ammad Ahmad Farooqi
- Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
| | - Marina Pinheiro
- REQUIMTE, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- ICVS, Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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14
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Mahajan S, Aalhate M, Guru SK, Singh PK. Nanomedicine as a magic bullet for combating lymphoma. J Control Release 2022; 347:211-236. [PMID: 35533946 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Hematological malignancy like lymphoma originates in lymph tissues and has a propensity to spread across other organs. Managing such tumors is challenging as conventional strategies like surgery and local treatment are not plausible options and there are high chances of relapse. The advent of novel targeted therapies and antibody-mediated treatments has proven revolutionary in the management of these tumors. Although these therapies have an added advantage of specificity in comparison to the traditional chemotherapy approach, such treatment alternatives suffer from the occurrence of drug resistance and dose-related toxicities. In past decades, nanomedicine has emerged as an excellent surrogate to increase the bioavailability of therapeutic moieties along with a reduction in toxicities of highly cytotoxic drugs. Nanotherapeutics achieve targeted delivery of the therapeutic agents into the malignant cells and also have the ability to carry genes and therapeutic proteins to the desired sites. Furthermore, nanomedicine has an edge in rendering personalized medicine as one type of lymphoma is pathologically different from others. In this review, we have highlighted various applications of nanotechnology-based delivery systems based on lipidic, polymeric and inorganic nanomaterials that address different targets for effectively tackling lymphomas. Moreover, we have discussed recent advances and therapies available exclusively for managing this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srushti Mahajan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Mayur Aalhate
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Guru
- Department of Biological Science, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India.
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15
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Bahaadini R, Saidi AR. Wave propagation analysis of magnetic nanotubes conveying nanoflow. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-021-04926-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
According to the nonlocal strain gradient theory, wave propagation in magnetic nanotubes conveying magnetic nanoflow under longitudinal magnetic field is inspected. The nonlocal strain gradient Timoshenko beam model is coupled with magnetic nanoflow considering slip boundary condition to model fluid structure interaction. By applying Hamilton’s principle, the size-dependent governing equations of motion have been obtained. Calculation of the wave frequency as well as phase velocity has been carried out based on the harmonic solution. The influences of strain gradient length scale, nonlocal parameter, Knudsen number, longitudinal magnetic field and magnetic nanoflow on nanotubes’ wave propagation behavior have been examined. According to analytical results, the magnetic intensity related to the longitudinal magnetic field contributes significantly to increasing nanotubes’ wave frequency as well as phase velocity. Besides, the magnetic nanotubes conveying magnetic nanoflow predict the highest phase velocity and wave frequency. Also, the wave frequency decrease when the nonlocal parameter increases or the strain gradient length scale decreases. Moreover, an increase in fluid velocity reduces the wave frequency and phase velocity.
Article highlights
The nonlocal strain gradient Timoshenko beam model is considered.
Wave propagation in magnetic nanotubes conveying magnetic nanoflow is studied.
Longitudinal magnetic field and magnetic nanoflow with considering slip boundary condition is inspected.
Wave frequency decrease when the nonlocal parameter increases or the strain gradient length scale decreases.
Increase in fluid velocity reduces the wave frequency and phase velocity.
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16
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Liu T, Stradford C, Ambi A, Centeno D, Roca J, Cattabiani T, Drwiega TJ, Li C, Traba C. Plasma-initiated graft polymerization of carbon nanoparticles as nano-based drug delivery systems. BIOFOULING 2022; 38:13-28. [PMID: 34839780 PMCID: PMC9617291 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2021.2008376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Plasma-initiated free radical polymerization was used to engineer carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) with tailored chemical and physical properties. Following surface modification, CNPs were loaded with a highly effective anti-infection agent called metal-free Russian propolis ethanol extract (MFRPEE), thus, creating nano-based drug delivery systems (NBDDSs). The loading of MFRPEE onto grafted CNPs occurred naturally through both electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding. When constructed under optimal experimental conditions, the NBDDSs were stable under physiologic conditions, and demonstrated enhanced anti-biofilm activity when compared with free MFRPEE. Mechanistic studies revealed that the enhanced anti-infectious activity of the NBDDSs was attributed to the modified surface chemistry of grafted CNPs. More specifically, the overall positive surface charge on grafted CNPs, which stems from quaternary ammonium polymer brushes covalently bound to the CNPs, provides NBDDSs with the ability to specifically target negatively charged components of biofilms. When studying the release profile of MFRPEE from the modified CNPs, acidic components produced by a biofilm triggered the release of MFRPEE bound to the NBDDS. Once in its free form, the anti-infectious properties of MFRPEE became activated and damaged the extracellular polymeric matrix (EPM) of the biofilm. Once the architecture of the biofilm became compromised, the EPM was no longer capable of protecting the bacteria encapsulated within the biofilm from the anti-infectious agent. Consequently, exposure of bacteria to MFRPEE led to bacterial cell death and biofilm inactivation. The results obtained from this study begin to examine the potential application of NBDDSs for the treatment of healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianchi Liu
- Department of PD Chem ITech, Newcastle, WA 98059, USA
| | | | - Ashwin Ambi
- Department of Fourth State of Matter Technologies Corporation, Bayonne, NJ 07306, USA
| | - Daniel Centeno
- Department of Fourth State of Matter Technologies Corporation, Bayonne, NJ 07306, USA
| | - Jasmine Roca
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics Fairleigh Dickinson University, Teaneck, NJ 07666, USA
| | - Thomas Cattabiani
- Department of Fourth State of Matter Technologies Corporation, Bayonne, NJ 07306, USA
| | - Thomas J. Drwiega
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics Fairleigh Dickinson University, Teaneck, NJ 07666, USA
| | - Clive Li
- Department of STEM, Hudson County Community College, Jersey City, NJ 07306, USA
| | - Christian Traba
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics Fairleigh Dickinson University, Teaneck, NJ 07666, USA
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Chatterjee S, Tripathi NM, Bandyopadhyay A. The modern role of boron as a 'magic element' in biomedical science: chemistry perspective. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:13629-13640. [PMID: 34846393 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05481c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Boron was misconstrued as a toxic element for animals, which retarded the growth of boron-containing drug discovery in the last century. Nevertheless, modern applications of boronic acid derivatives are attractive in biomedical applications after the declaration that boron is a 'probable essential element' for humans by the WHO. Additionally, the approval of five boronic acid-containing drugs by the FDA has vastly impacted the use of boron in medicinal chemistry, chemical biology, drug delivery, biomaterial exploration, pharmacological improvements, and nutrition. This review article focuses on the chemistries attributed to boronic acids at physiological pH, enticing chemists to multidisciplinary applications. Prospective uses of boronic acid in pharma and chemical biology, along with prospects and challenges, are also part of the deliberation. Understanding these fundamental chemistries and interactions of boronic acid in biological systems will enable solving future challenges in drug discovery and executing space-age applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurav Chatterjee
- Biomimetic Peptide Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Ropar, Punjab, 140001, India.
| | - Nitesh Mani Tripathi
- Biomimetic Peptide Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Ropar, Punjab, 140001, India.
| | - Anupam Bandyopadhyay
- Biomimetic Peptide Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Ropar, Punjab, 140001, India.
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18
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Chudoba D, Jażdżewska M, Łudzik K, Wołoszczuk S, Juszyńska-Gałązka E, Kościński M. Description of Release Process of Doxorubicin from Modified Carbon Nanotubes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12003. [PMID: 34769431 PMCID: PMC8584310 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222112003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The article discusses the release process of doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) from multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The studies described a probable mechanism of release and actions between the surface of functionalized MWCNTs and anticancer drugs. The surface of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has been modified via treatment in nitric acid to optimize the adsorption and release process. The modification efficiency and physicochemical properties of the MWCNTs+DOX system were analyzed by using SEM, TEM, EDS, FTIR, Raman Spectroscopy and UV-Vis methods. Based on computer simulations at pH 7.4 and the experiment at pH 5.4, the kinetics and the mechanism of DOX release from MWNT were discussed. It has been experimentally observed that the acidic pH (5.4) is appropriate for the efficient release of the drug from CNTs. It was noted that under acidic pH conditions, which is typical for the tumour microenvironment almost 90% of the drug was released in a relatively short time. The kinetics models based on different mathematical functions were used to describe the release mechanism of drugs from MWCNTs. Our studies indicated that the best fit of experimental kinetic curves of release has been observed for the Power-law model and the fitted parameters suggest that the drug release mechanism of DOX from MWCNTs is controlled by Fickian diffusion. Molecular dynamics simulations, on the other hand, have shown that in a neutral pH solution, which is close to the blood pH, the release process does not occur keeping the aggregation level constant. The presented studies have shown that MWCNTs are promising carriers of anticancer drugs that, depending on the surface modification, can exhibit different adsorption mechanisms and release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Chudoba
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (M.J.); (S.W.)
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia;
| | - Monika Jażdżewska
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (M.J.); (S.W.)
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia;
| | - Katarzyna Łudzik
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Russia;
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Sebastian Wołoszczuk
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznan, Poland; (M.J.); (S.W.)
| | - Ewa Juszyńska-Gałązka
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-342 Kraków, Poland;
- Research Center for Thermal and Entropic Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Mikołaj Kościński
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, Poland;
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
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Chadar R, Afzal O, Alqahtani SM, Kesharwani P. Carbon nanotubes as an emerging nanocarrier for the delivery of doxorubicin for improved chemotherapy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 208:112044. [PMID: 34419810 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), a versatile nanocarrier for doxorubicin (DOX) delivery had attracted significant attention in drug delivery of pharmaceuticals. Several properties such as high surface area, high drug loading capacity, stability, ease of functionalization, ultrahigh length to diameter ratio and good cellular uptake make them preferred nanocarrier as multipurpose drug delivery system. Several surface properties of CNTs can be easily modified by covalent/noncovalent functionalization, which can make CNTs a profound nanomaterial. Hydrophobic surface of CNTs facilitated π-π stacking interactions, with several drugs and therapeutic agents having aromatic ring in their structure, for example anthracyclines. In case some drug molecules, electrostatic interaction between drug and CNTs comes into the picture. DOX, an anthracycline anticancer drug, can easily adsorb on the surface of CNTs by π-π stacking interactions. In present article, we have reviewed various CNTs based drug delivery systems for the delivery of DOX alone or in combination with genetic materials and other drug molecules. In addition, we described recent updates in CNTs based drug delivery system for the delivery of DOX, we covered adsorption and desorption, different types of functionalization, to alter the properties of CNTs in vitro and in vivo. CNT attached many targeting ligands for the targeted delivery of DOX have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Chadar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Obaid Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Safar M Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
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Dawre S, Maru S. Human respiratory viral infections: Current status and future prospects of nanotechnology-based approaches for prophylaxis and treatment. Life Sci 2021; 278:119561. [PMID: 33915132 PMCID: PMC8074533 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory viral infections are major cause of highly mortal pandemics. They are impacting socioeconomic development and healthcare system globally. These emerging deadly respiratory viruses develop newer survival strategies to live inside host cells and tricking the immune system of host. Currently, medical facilities, therapies and research -development teams of every country kneel down before novel corona virus (SARS-CoV-2) which claimed ~2,828,629 lives till date. Thus, there is urgent requirement of novel treatment strategies to combat against these emerging respiratory viral infections. Nanocarriers come under the umbrella of nanotechnology and offer numerous benefits compared to traditional dosage forms. Further, unique physicochemical properties (size, shape and surface charge) of nanocarriers provide additional advantage for targeted delivery. This review discusses in detail about the respiratory viruses, their transmission mode and cell invasion pathways, survival strategies, available therapies, and nanocarriers for the delivery of therapeutics. Further, the role of nanocarriers in the development of treatment therapy against SARS-CoV-2 is also overviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Dawre
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy &, Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Babulde Banks of Tapi River, Mumbai-Agra Road, Shirpur, Maharashtra 425405, India.
| | - Saurabh Maru
- School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Babulde Banks of Tapi River, Mumbai-Agra Road, Shirpur, Maharashtra 425405, India.
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21
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Jiang C, Wang K, Liu Y, Zhang C, Wang B. Using Wet Electrospun PCL/Gelatin/CNT Yarns to Fabricate Textile-Based Scaffolds for Vascular Tissue Engineering. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:2627-2637. [PMID: 33821604 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Incorporating conductive materials in scaffolds has shown advantages in regulating adhesion, mitigation, and proliferation of electroactive cells for tissue engineering applications. Among various conductive materials, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have shown great promises in tissue engineering because of their good mechanical properties. However, the broad application of CNTs in tissue engineering is limited by current methods to incorporate CNTs in polymers that require miscible solvents to dissolve CNTs and polymers or CNT surface modification. These methods either limit polymer selections or adversely affect the properties of polymer/CNT composites. Here, we report a novel method to fabricate polymer/CNT composite yarns by electrospinning polycaprolactone/gelatin into a bath of CNT dispersion and extracting electrospun fibers out of the bath. The concentration of CNTs in the bath affects the thermal and mechanical properties and the yarns' degradation behavior. In vitro biological test results show that within a limited range of CNT concentrations in the bath, the yarns exhibit good biocompatibility and the ability to guide cell elongation and alignment. We also report the design and fabrication of a vascular scaffold by knitting the yarns into a textile fabric and combining the textile fabric with gelatin. The scaffold has similar mechanical properties to native vessels and supports cell proliferation. This work demonstrates that the wet electrospun polymer/CNT yarns are good candidates for constructing vascular scaffolds and provides a novel method to incorporate CNTs or other functional materials into biopolymers for tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 771 Ferst Dr NW, Atlanta 30332, Georgia, United States.,Georgia Tech Manufacturing Institute, Callaway Manufacturing Research Center Building, 813 Ferst Dr NW, Atlanta 30332, Georgia, United States
| | - Kan Wang
- Georgia Tech Manufacturing Institute, Callaway Manufacturing Research Center Building, 813 Ferst Dr NW, Atlanta 30332, Georgia, United States
| | - Yi Liu
- Georgia Tech Manufacturing Institute, Callaway Manufacturing Research Center Building, 813 Ferst Dr NW, Atlanta 30332, Georgia, United States.,School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, North Ave NW, Atlanta 30332, Georgia, United States
| | - Chuck Zhang
- Georgia Tech Manufacturing Institute, Callaway Manufacturing Research Center Building, 813 Ferst Dr NW, Atlanta 30332, Georgia, United States.,H. Milton Stewart School of Industrial and System Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 755 Ferst Dr NW, Atlanta 30332, Georgia, United States
| | - Ben Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 771 Ferst Dr NW, Atlanta 30332, Georgia, United States.,Georgia Tech Manufacturing Institute, Callaway Manufacturing Research Center Building, 813 Ferst Dr NW, Atlanta 30332, Georgia, United States.,H. Milton Stewart School of Industrial and System Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 755 Ferst Dr NW, Atlanta 30332, Georgia, United States
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22
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Zou M, Du Y, Liu R, Zheng Z, Xu J. Nanocarrier-delivered small interfering RNA for chemoresistant ovarian cancer therapy. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2021; 12:e1648. [PMID: 33682310 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer-related death in women in the United States. Because success in early screening is limited, and most patients with advanced disease develop resistance to multiple treatment modalities, the overall prognosis of ovarian cancer is poor. Despite the revolutionary role of surgery and chemotherapy in curing ovarian cancer, recurrence remains a major challenge in treatment. Thus, improving our understanding of the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer is essential for developing more effective treatments. In this review, we analyze the underlying molecular mechanisms leading to chemotherapy resistance. We discuss the clinical benefits and potential challenges of using nanocarrier-delivered small interfering RNA to treat chemotherapy-resistant ovarian cancer. We aim to elicit collaborative studies on nanocarrier-delivered small interfering RNA to improve the long-term survival rate and quality of life of patients with ovarian cancer. This article is categorized under: RNA Methods > RNA Nanotechnology Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > RNAi: Mechanisms of Action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyuan Zou
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Du
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ruizhen Liu
- The First People's Hospital of Wu'an, Wu'an, Hebei, China
| | - Zeliang Zheng
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jian Xu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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23
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Electrically Conducting Pullulan-Based Nanobiocomposites Using Carbon Nanotubes and TEMPO Cellulose Nanofibril. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11030602. [PMID: 33670897 PMCID: PMC7997298 DOI: 10.3390/nano11030602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid nanobiocomposite films are prepared using a solution casting by incorporating TEMPO cellulose nanofibrils (TOCNs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into an aqueous solution of pullulan (PULL). The presence of CNT is confirmed by XRD characterization, and the prepared film shows an increased degree of crystallinity after the addition of TOCNs and CNT. The maximum degree of crystallinity value is obtained for CNT 0.5 % (59.64%). According to the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, the shifts of the characteristic -OH peak of PULL occurred after the addition of TOCNs and aqueous CNT (3306.39 to 3246.90 cm−1), confirming interaction between the TOCNs, CNTs, and PULL matrix. The prepared films show enhanced material properties including higher tensile strength (65.41 MPa at low CNT content (0.5%)), water barrier properties, and reduced moisture susceptibility (5 wt.% CNT shows the lowest value (11.28%)) compared with the neat PULL film. Additionally, the prepared films are almost biodegradable within 64 days and show excellent electrical conductivity (0.001 to 0.015 S/mm for 0.5–5% CNT), which suggests a new approach to transform natural polymers into novel advanced materials for use in the fields of biosensing and electronics.
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24
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Sajjadi M, Nasrollahzadeh M, Jaleh B, Soufi GJ, Iravani S. Carbon-based nanomaterials for targeted cancer nanotherapy: recent trends and future prospects. J Drug Target 2021; 29:716-741. [PMID: 33566719 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2021.1886301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Carbon-based nanomaterials are becoming attractive materials due to their unique structural dimensions and promising mechanical, electrical, thermal, optical and chemical characteristics. Carbon nanotubes, graphene, graphene oxide, carbon and graphene quantum dots have numerous applications in diverse areas, including biosensing, drug/gene delivery, tissue engineering, imaging, regenerative medicine, diagnosis, and cancer therapy. Cancer remains one of the major health problems all over the world, and several therapeutic approaches are focussed on designing targeted anticancer drug delivery nanosystems by applying benign and less hazardous resources with high biocompatibility, ease of functionalization, remarkable targeted therapy issues, and low adverse effects. This review highlights the recent development on these carbon based-nanomaterials in the field of targeted cancer therapy and discusses their possible and promising diagnostic and therapeutic applications for the treatment of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohaddeseh Sajjadi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Qom, Qom, Iran
| | | | - Babak Jaleh
- Department of Physics, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | | | - Siavash Iravani
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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25
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Hadidi N, Sharifnia Z, Eteghadi A, Shokrgozar MA, Mosaffa N. PEGylated single-walled carbon nanotubes as co-adjuvants enhance expression of maturation markers in monocyte-derived dendritic cells. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2021; 16:171-188. [PMID: 33560153 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2020-0339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study investigated the application of phospholipid-PEGylated single-walled carbon nanotubes (PL-PEG-SWCNTs) as a safe co-adjuvant for the commercial recombinant hepatitis B virus vaccine to enhance induction of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDCs) differentiation and activation in vitro as an immune response initiator cell to prompt a long-term immune response after a single dose injection. Methods: Immature MDDCs were exposed to PL-PEG-SWCNTs alone and in combination with hepatitis B vaccine. Results & conclusion: Study results confirm the enhanced expression of maturation markers in human immature MDDCs after PL-PEG-SWCNT exposure. The results suggest that PL-PEG-SWCNT is an efficient co-adjuvant for the commercial recombinant hepatitis B virus vaccine to enhance dendritic cell response stimulation in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naghmeh Hadidi
- Department of Clinical Research & EM Microscope, Pasteur Institute of Iran (PII), Tehran 1316943551, Iran
| | - Zarin Sharifnia
- Department of Clinical Research & EM Microscope, Pasteur Institute of Iran (PII), Tehran 1316943551, Iran
| | - Atefeh Eteghadi
- Department of Clinical Research & EM Microscope, Pasteur Institute of Iran (PII), Tehran 1316943551, Iran
| | | | - Nariman Mosaffa
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 198396-3113, Iran
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Saleemi MA, Hosseini Fouladi M, Yong PVC, Chinna K, Palanisamy NK, Wong EH. Toxicity of Carbon Nanotubes: Molecular Mechanisms, Signaling Cascades, and Remedies in Biomedical Applications. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 34:24-46. [PMID: 33319996 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are the most studied allotropic form of carbon. They can be used in various biomedical applications due to their novel physicochemical properties. In particular, the small size of CNTs, with a large surface area per unit volume, has a considerable impact on their toxicity. Despite of the use of CNTs in various applications, toxicity is a big problem that requires more research. In this Review, we discuss the toxicity of CNTs and the associated mechanisms. Physicochemical factors, such as metal impurities, length, size, solubilizing agents, CNTs functionalization, and agglomeration, that may lead to oxidative stress, toxic signaling pathways, and potential ways to control these mechanisms are also discussed. Moreover, with the latest mechanistic evidence described in this Review, we expect to give new insights into CNTs' toxicological effects at the molecular level and provide new clues for the mitigation of harmful effects emerging from exposure to CNTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansab Ali Saleemi
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University Lakeside Campus, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Hosseini Fouladi
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Innovation and Technology, Taylor's University Lakeside Campus, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Phelim Voon Chen Yong
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University Lakeside Campus, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Karuthan Chinna
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University Lakeside Campus, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Navindra Kumari Palanisamy
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh Campus, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Eng Hwa Wong
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University Lakeside Campus, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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Richert M, Trykowski G, Walczyk M, Cieślak MJ, Kaźmierczak-Barańska J, Królewska-Golińska K, Sobczak JW, Biniak S. Modification of multiwalled carbon nanotubes with a ruthenium drug candidate-indazolium[tetrachlorobis(1 H-indazole)ruthenate(III)] (KP1019 ). Dalton Trans 2020; 49:16791-16800. [PMID: 33174575 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt03528a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Functionalized carbon nanotubes are interesting, promising and unique delivery systems for anticancer drugs, which are now in the spotlight of nanomedicine. Connecting nanotubes with anticancer drugs or new compounds with anticancer properties aims at improving their stability, efficiency and reduces the toxic side effects of cancer treatment. In our research, we are interested in connecting functionalized MWCNTs-NH2 with [InH][trans-RuCl4(In)2], (KP1019) which is one of the most promising anticancer ruthenium(iii) drug candidates, known mainly as a cytotoxic agent for the treatment of platinum-resistant colorectal cancers. As a result of the amidation of MWCNTs (1), MWCNTs-NH2 (2) were obtained. Then, they were modified with [InH][RuCl4(In)2] (4) and the nanosystem [MWCNT-NH3+][RuCl4(In)2-] (3) was obtained. The characterization of the resulting products was performed using IR, Raman spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric, XRD, STEM-EDX, ESI-MS, ICP-MS, and XPS analyses. The cytotoxic activity has been tested on human lung carcinoma (A549), chronic myelogenous leukemia (K562) and human cervix carcinoma (HeLa) cells which showed the higher toxicity of the nanosystem than the ruthenium complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Richert
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Jurasza 2, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
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Cao M, Wu D, Yoosefian M, Sabaei S, Jahani M. Comprehensive study of the encapsulation of Lomustine anticancer drug into single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs): Solvent effects, molecular conformations, electronic properties and intramolecular hydrogen bond strength. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Yaghoubi A, Ramazani A. Anticancer DOX delivery system based on CNTs: Functionalization, targeting and novel technologies. J Control Release 2020; 327:198-224. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Campisciano V, Burger R, Calabrese C, Liotta LF, Lo Meo P, Gruttadauria M, Giacalone F. Straightforward preparation of highly loaded MWCNT-polyamine hybrids and their application in catalysis. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:4199-4211. [PMID: 36132762 PMCID: PMC9417923 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00291g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were easily and efficiently functionalised with highly cross-linked polyamines. The radical polymerisation of two bis-vinylimidazolium salts in the presence of pristine MWCNTs and azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as a radical initiator led to the formation of materials with a high functionalisation degree. The subsequent treatment with sodium borohydride gave rise to the reduction of imidazolium moieties with the concomitant formation of secondary and tertiary amino groups. The obtained materials were characterised by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), elemental analysis, solid state 13C-NMR, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), potentiometric titration, and temperature programmed desorption of carbon dioxide (CO2-TPD). One of the prepared materials was tested as a heterogeneous base catalyst in C-C bond forming reactions such as the Knoevenagel condensation and Henry reaction. Furthermore, two examples concerning a sequential one-pot approach involving two consecutive reactions, namely Knoevenagel and Michael reactions, were reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Campisciano
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17 90128 Palermo Italy
| | - René Burger
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17 90128 Palermo Italy
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences von-Liebig-Strasse 20 D-53359 Rheinbach Germany
| | - Carla Calabrese
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17 90128 Palermo Italy
| | - Leonarda Francesca Liotta
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati ISMN-CNR Via Ugo La Malfa, 153 90146 Palermo Italy
| | - Paolo Lo Meo
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17 90128 Palermo Italy
| | - Michelangelo Gruttadauria
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17 90128 Palermo Italy
| | - Francesco Giacalone
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17 90128 Palermo Italy
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Witika BA, Makoni PA, Matafwali SK, Chabalenge B, Mwila C, Kalungia AC, Nkanga CI, Bapolisi AM, Walker RB. Biocompatibility of Biomaterials for Nanoencapsulation: Current Approaches. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1649. [PMID: 32842562 PMCID: PMC7557593 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nanoencapsulation is an approach to circumvent shortcomings such as reduced bioavailability, undesirable side effects, frequent dosing and unpleasant organoleptic properties of conventional drug delivery systems. The process of nanoencapsulation involves the use of biomaterials such as surfactants and/or polymers, often in combination with charge inducers and/or ligands for targeting. The biomaterials selected for nanoencapsulation processes must be as biocompatible as possible. The type(s) of biomaterials used for different nanoencapsulation approaches are highlighted and their use and applicability with regard to haemo- and, histocompatibility, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and carcinogenesis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bwalya A. Witika
- Division of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa; (B.A.W.); (P.A.M.)
| | - Pedzisai A. Makoni
- Division of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa; (B.A.W.); (P.A.M.)
| | - Scott K. Matafwali
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Copperbelt University, Ndola 10101, Zambia;
| | - Billy Chabalenge
- Department of Market Authorization, Zambia Medicines Regulatory Authority, Lusaka 10101, Zambia;
| | - Chiluba Mwila
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka 10101, Zambia; (C.M.); (A.C.K.)
| | - Aubrey C. Kalungia
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka 10101, Zambia; (C.M.); (A.C.K.)
| | - Christian I. Nkanga
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kinshasa, P.O. Box 212, Kinshasa XI, Democratic Republic of the Congo;
| | - Alain M. Bapolisi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa;
| | - Roderick B. Walker
- Division of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa; (B.A.W.); (P.A.M.)
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32
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Drug delivery systems based on nanoparticles and related nanostructures. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 151:105412. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Far-reaching advances in the role of carbon nanotubes in cancer therapy. Life Sci 2020; 257:118059. [PMID: 32659368 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer includes a group of diseases involving unregulated cell growth with the potential to invade or expand to other parts of the body, resulting in an estimate of 9.6 million deaths worldwide in 2018. Manifold studies have been conducted to design more efficacious techniques for cancer therapy due to the inadequacy of conventional treatments including chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation therapy. With the advances in the biomedical applications of nanotechnology-based systems, nanomaterials have gained increasing attention as promising vehicles for targeted cancer therapy and optimizing treatment outcomes. Owing to their outstanding thermal, electrical, optical and chemical properties, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been profoundly studied to explore the various perspectives of their application in cancer treatment. The current study aims to review the role of CNTs whether as a carrier or mediator in cancer treatment for enhancing the efficacy as well as the specificity of therapy and reducing adverse side effects. This comprehensive review indicates that CNTs have the capability to be the next generation nanomaterials to actualize noninvasive targeted eradication of tumors. However, further studies are needed to evaluate the consequences of their biomedical application before the transition into clinical trials, since possible adverse effects of CNTs on biological systems have not been clearly understood.
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Naringenin-Functionalized Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes: A Potential Approach for Site-Specific Remote-Controlled Anticancer Delivery for the Treatment of Lung Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124557. [PMID: 32604979 PMCID: PMC7348916 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes functionalized with naringenin have been developed as new drug carriers to improve the performance of lung cancer treatment. The nanocarrier was characterized by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman Spectroscopy, and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Drug release rates were determined in vitro by the dialysis method. The cytotoxic profile was evaluated using the MTT assay, against a human skin cell line (hFB) as a model for normal cells, and against an adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial (A569) cell line as a lung cancer in vitro model. The results demonstrated that the functionalization of carbon nanotubes with naringenin occurred by non-covalent interactions. The release profiles demonstrated a pH-responsive behavior, showing a prolonged release in the tumor pH environment. The naringenin-functionalized carbon nanotubes showed lower cytotoxicity on non-malignant cells (hFB) than free naringenin, with an improved anticancer effect on malignant lung cells (A549) as an in vitro model of lung cancer.
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Negri V, Pacheco-Torres J, Calle D, López-Larrubia P. Carbon Nanotubes in Biomedicine. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2020; 378:15. [PMID: 31938922 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-019-0278-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, biomaterials have become a crucial element in numerous biomedical, preclinical, and clinical applications. The use of nanoparticles entails a great potential in these fields mainly because of the high ratio of surface atoms that modify the physicochemical properties and increases the chemical reactivity. Among them, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have emerged as a powerful tool to improve biomedical approaches in the management of numerous diseases. CNTs have an excellent ability to penetrate cell membranes, and the sp2 hybridization of all carbons enables their functionalization with almost every biomolecule or compound, allowing them to target cells and deliver drugs under the appropriate environmental stimuli. Besides, in the new promising field of artificial biomaterial generation, nanotubes are studied as the load in nanocomposite materials, improving their mechanical and electrical properties, or even for direct use as scaffolds in body tissue manufacturing. Nevertheless, despite their beneficial contributions, some major concerns need to be solved to boost the clinical development of CNTs, including poor solubility in water, low biodegradability and dispersivity, and toxicity problems associated with CNTs' interaction with biomolecules in tissues and organs, including the possible effects in the proteome and genome. This review performs a wide literature analysis to present the main and latest advances in the optimal design and characterization of carbon nanotubes with biomedical applications, and their capacities in different areas of preclinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Negri
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain
| | - Jesús Pacheco-Torres
- Division of Cancer Imaging Research, The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Daniel Calle
- Laboratorio de Imagen Médica, Hospital Universitario Gregorio Marañón, c/Dr. Esquerdo 56, 28007, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar López-Larrubia
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", CSIC-UAM, c/Arturo Duperier 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
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Facile fabrication of glycosylated and PEGylated carbon nanotubes through the combination of mussel inspired chemistry and surface-initiated ATRP. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 106:110157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Preparation, characterization and controlled-release property of CS crosslinked MWCNT based on Hericium erinaceus polysaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 153:1310-1318. [PMID: 31758997 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In present study, the optimal condition of prepared drug was determined by response surface methodology. In addition, their physicochemical properties, drug release and uptake ability of CS-MWCNT-HEP were studied, and the distribution of the drug in ICR mice and the sites of action were further evaluated. Under the optimal condition, the mean experimental loaded efficiency 68.55 ± 1.47% was corresponded well with the predicted value of 68.28%. The results of in vitro experiments proved that a release of the drug in a pH-dependent behavior. Flow cytometry and inverted microscope showed that the uptake of CS-MWCNT-HEP in Raw264.7 cells increased significantly as the time increased. In vivo experiment proved that the HEP and CS-MWCNT-HEP were mainly accumulated in the kidney, shown the characteristics of kidney metabolism. On the other hand, the extended retention of CS-MWCNT-HEP in the mice could enhance the immune function. CS-MWCNT-HEP has high loaded efficiency and pH-responsive drug released, which could significantly improved the body's immunity and enhance the body's ability to absorbed drugs. These findings proposed a well characterized novel CS-MWCNT-HEP formulation as drug delivery system, and its mechanism and application will be further investigated in our undergoing studies.
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38
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Characterization of functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes and comparison of their cellular toxicity between HEK 293 cells and zebra fish in vivo. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02605. [PMID: 31687491 PMCID: PMC6820100 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) hold tremendous potential due to their unique and modifiable properties. Their robust biological applications necessitate minimizing their cytotoxicity and increasing the solubilization. In the present manuscript, we have functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) using defect functionalization methodology to covalently bind carboxy and amino groups on their walls. This functionalization was reassured through fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX), elemental and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) analysis. The observations demonstrated that addition of carboxy as well as amino groups on MWCNTs, besides enabling MWCNTs solubilization also significantly ameliorated the cytotoxicity and the oxidative stress in comparison to pristine MWCNTs. It is envisaged that changes in agglomeration of the functionalized MWCNTs and the acquired surface charge is the reason for the reduction of cytotoxicity. Zebra fish embryo model test system employed for in vivo analysis of the MWCNTs showed no significant toxicity on account of any nanoparticle tested pointing towards intrinsic mechanisms in place for deterring the damage in complex organisms. Overall, the observations besides pointing towards functionalized MWCNTs effectiveness towards weakening the toxicity of pristine MWCNTs also caution for extrapolating in vitro data to in vivo observations. The observations further lend credibility for exploiting the zebra fish as a model system for analyzing the effects of MWCNTs functionalization.
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Mohanta D, Patnaik S, Sood S, Das N. Carbon nanotubes: Evaluation of toxicity at biointerfaces. J Pharm Anal 2019; 9:293-300. [PMID: 31929938 PMCID: PMC6951486 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are a class of carbon allotropes with interesting properties that make them productive materials for usage in various disciplines of nanotechnology such as in electronics equipments, optics and therapeutics. They exhibit distinguished properties viz., strength, and high electrical and heat conductivity. Their uniqueness can be attributed due to the bonding pattern present between the atoms which are very strong and also exhibit high extreme aspect ratios. CNTs are classified as single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on the basis of number of sidewalls present and the way they are arranged spatially. Application of CNTs to improve the performance of many products, especially in healthcare, has led to an occupational and public exposure to these nanomaterials. Hence, it becomes a major concern to analyze the issues pertaining to the toxicity of CNTs and find the best suitable ways to counter those challenges. This review summarizes the toxicity issues of CNTs in vitro and in vivo in different organ systems (bio interphases) of the body that result in cellular toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debashish Mohanta
- Department of Biotechnology, Manav Rachna International Institute of Research Studies, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Soma Patnaik
- Department of Biotechnology, Manav Rachna International Institute of Research Studies, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Sanchit Sood
- Department of Biotechnology, Manav Rachna International Institute of Research Studies, Faridabad, Haryana, India
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Panwar N, Soehartono AM, Chan KK, Zeng S, Xu G, Qu J, Coquet P, Yong KT, Chen X. Nanocarbons for Biology and Medicine: Sensing, Imaging, and Drug Delivery. Chem Rev 2019; 119:9559-9656. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nishtha Panwar
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Alana Mauluidy Soehartono
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Kok Ken Chan
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Shuwen Zeng
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- CINTRA CNRS/NTU/THALES, UMI 3288, Research Techno Plaza, 50 Nanyang Drive, Border X Block, Singapore 637553, Singapore
| | - Gaixia Xu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Junle Qu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Philippe Coquet
- CINTRA CNRS/NTU/THALES, UMI 3288, Research Techno Plaza, 50 Nanyang Drive, Border X Block, Singapore 637553, Singapore
- Institut d’Electronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie (IEMN), CNRS UMR 8520—Université de Lille, 59650 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - Ken-Tye Yong
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
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41
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Advances in drug delivery, gene delivery and therapeutic agents based on dendritic materials. Future Med Chem 2019; 11:1791-1810. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2018-0452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendrimers are synthetic polymers that grow in three dimensions into well-defined structures. Their morphological appearance resembles a number of trees connected by a common point. Dendritic nanoparticles have been studied for a large number of pharmaceutical and biomedical applications including gene and drug delivery, clinical diagnosis and MRI. Despite the application of dendrimers, research is still in its childhood in comparison with liposomes and other nanomaterials. They are now playing a key role in several therapeutic strategies, with dendrimer-based products in clinical trials. The aim of this review is to describe the state-of-the-art of biomedical applications of dendrimers – and dendrimer conjugates – such as drug and gene delivery and antiviral activity.
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42
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Shen Z, Wu J, Yu Y, Liu S, Jiang W, Nurmamat H, Wu B. Comparison of cytotoxicity and membrane efflux pump inhibition in HepG2 cells induced by single-walled carbon nanotubes with different length and functional groups. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7557. [PMID: 31101842 PMCID: PMC6525162 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43900-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental risk of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) is receiving increasing attentions owing to their wide study and application. However, little is known on the influence of length and functional groups on SWCNT cytotoxicity. In this study, six types of SWCNTs with different functional groups (pristine, carboxyl group and hydroxyl group) and lengths (1-3 μm and 5-30 μm) were chosen. Cytotoxicities in human hepatoma HepG2 cells induced by these SWCNTs were compared based on cell viability, oxidative stress, plasma membrane fluidity and ABC transporter activity assays. Results showed that all the SWCNTs decreased cell viability of HepG2, increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, and damaged plasma membrane in a concentration-dependent manner. Long SWCNTs had stronger cytotoxic effects than short SWCNTs, which might be due to weaker aggregation for the long SWCNTs. Functionalization changed the toxic effects of the SWCNTs, and different influence was found between long SWCNTs and short SWCNTs. Moreover, the six types of SWCNTs at low concentrations changed plasma membrane fluidity, inhibited transmembrane ABC transporter (efflux pump) activity, and acted as chemosensitizer to improve the sensitivity of cells to arsenic, indicating the chemosensitive effect should be considered as toxic endpoint of SWCNTs. Comparison of different toxic endpoints among the six types of SWCNTs showed that short hydroxyl-SWCNT might be safer than other SWCNTs. This study provides insights into toxicities of SWCNTs, which is of great value for the risk assessment and application of SWCNTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoyan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P.R. China
| | - Jialu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P.R. China
| | - Yue Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P.R. China
| | - Su Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P.R. China
| | - Wei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P.R. China
| | - Habiba Nurmamat
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P.R. China
| | - Bing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P.R. China.
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43
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Li J, Yap SQ, Yoong SL, Nayak TR, Chandra GW, Ang WH, Panczyk T, Ramaprabhu S, Vashist SK, Sheu FS, Tan A, Pastorin G. Carbon nanotube bottles for incorporation, release and enhanced cytotoxic effect of cisplatin. CARBON 2019; 50:1625-1634. [PMID: 31105316 PMCID: PMC6522380 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2011.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have emerged as promising drug delivery systems particularly for cancer therapy, due to their abilities to overcome some of the challenges faced by cancer treatment, namely non-specificity, poor permeability into tumour tissues, and poor stability of anticancer drugs. Encapsulation of anticancer agents inside CNTs provides protection from external deactivating agents. However, the open ends of the CNTs leave the encapsulated drugs exposed to the environment and eventually their uncontrolled release before reaching the desired target. In this study, we report the successful encapsulation of cisplatin, a FDA-approved chemotherapeutic drug, into multi-walled carbon nanotubes and the capping at the ends with functionalised gold nanoparticles to achieve a "carbon nanotube bottle" structure. In this proof-of-concept study, these caps did not prevent the encapsulation of drug in the inner space of CNTs; on the contrary, we achieved higher drug loading inside the nanotubes in comparison with data reported in literature. In addition, we demonstrated that encapsulated cisplatin could be delivered in living cells under physiological conditions to exert its pharmacological action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Science Drive 2, S15#05-PI-03, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Siew Qi Yap
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, S15#05-PI-01, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Sia Lee Yoong
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, Centre for Life Sciences (CeLS), 28 Medical Drive, #05-01, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Tapas Ranjan Nayak
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Science Drive 2, S15#05-PI-03, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Gary Wiratama Chandra
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Science Drive 2, S15#05-PI-03, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Wee Han Ang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, S15#05-PI-01, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Tomasz Panczyk
- Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences ul. Niezapominajek 8, 30239 Cracow, Poland
| | - Sundara Ramaprabhu
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar Vashist
- NUSNNI-NanoCore, National University of Singapore, T-Lab Level 11, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117580, Singapore
| | - Fwu-Shan Sheu
- NUSNNI-NanoCore, National University of Singapore, T-Lab Level 11, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117580, Singapore
| | - Aaron Tan
- Centre for Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, UCL Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, UK
| | - Giorgia Pastorin
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Science Drive 2, S15#05-PI-03, Singapore 117543, Singapore
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, Centre for Life Sciences (CeLS), 28 Medical Drive, #05-01, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- NUSNNI-NanoCore, National University of Singapore, T-Lab Level 11, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117580, Singapore
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Mehri-Kakavand G, Hasanzadeh H, Jahanbakhsh R, Abdollahi M, Nasr R, Bitarafan-Rajabi A, Jadidi M, Darbandi-Azar A, Emadi A. Gd n 3+@CNTs-PEG versus Gadovist®: In Vitro Assay. Oman Med J 2019; 34:147-155. [PMID: 30918609 PMCID: PMC6425045 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2019.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are allotropes of carbon with a length-to-diameter ratio greater than 106 with the potential uses as medical diagnostic or therapeutic agents. In vitro studies have revealed that gadolinium (Gd) nanoparticle-catalyzed single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) possess superparamagnetic properties, which enable them to be used as contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Our study synthesized Gd-CNT for use as MRI contrast agents. Methods To reduce the toxicity and solubility of CNTs, it was functionalized, and after loading with Gd was coated with polyethylene glycols (PEG). We then synthesized different concentrations of Gdn3+@CNTs-PEG and Gadovist® to be evaluated as MRI contrast agents. Results The analysis showed that the Gd concentration in Gadovist® was 12.18% higher than synthesized Gdn3+@CNTs-PEG, but the mean signal intensity of the Gdn3+@CNTs-PEG was approximately 3.3% times higher than Gadovist®. Conclusions Our findings indicate that synthesized Gdn3+@CNTs-PEG has the potential to be used as an MRI contrast agent in vitro, but in vivo assessment is necessary to determine the bio-distribution, kinetic, and signal enhancement characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hadi Hasanzadeh
- Cancer Research Center and Department of Medical Physics, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Rouzbeh Jahanbakhsh
- Arak Zist Darou Co, Health Technology Incubator Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Maryam Abdollahi
- Department of Medical Physics, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Reza Nasr
- Biotechnology Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Bitarafan-Rajabi
- Cardiovascular Intervention Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Jadidi
- Department of Medical Physics, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Amir Darbandi-Azar
- Cardiovascular Intervention Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Emadi
- Deputy of Research and Technology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
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González-Durruthy M, Monserrat JM, Viera de Oliveira P, Fagan SB, Werhli AV, Machado K, Melo A, González-Díaz H, Concu R, D. S. Cordeiro MN. Computational MitoTarget Scanning Based on Topological Vacancies of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes with the Human Mitochondrial Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel (hVDAC1). Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:566-577. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael González-Durruthy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - José M. Monserrat
- Institute of Biological Sciences (ICB), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), 96270-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
- ICB-FURG Post-Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, 96270-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Solange Binotto Fagan
- Post-Graduate Program in Nanoscience, Franciscana University (UFN), 97010-032 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Adriano V. Werhli
- Center of Computational Sciences (C3), Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), Cx. P. 474, CEP, 96200-970 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Karina Machado
- Center of Computational Sciences (C3), Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), Cx. P. 474, CEP, 96200-970 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - André Melo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Humberto González-Díaz
- Department of Organic Chemistry II, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Biscay, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48011 Bilbao, Biscay, Spain
| | - Riccardo Concu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - M. Natália D. S. Cordeiro
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
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Raphey VR, Henna TK, Nivitha KP, Mufeedha P, Sabu C, Pramod K. Advanced biomedical applications of carbon nanotube. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 100:616-630. [PMID: 30948098 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
With advances in nanotechnology, the applications of nanomaterial are developing widely and greatly. The characteristic properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) make them the most selective candidate for various multi-functional applications. The greater surface area of the CNTs in addition to the capability to manipulate the surfaces and dimensions has provided greater potential for this nanomaterial. The CNTs possess greater potential for applications in biomedicine due to their vital electrical, chemical, thermal, and mechanical properties. The unique properties of CNT are exploited for numerous applications in the biomedical field. They are useful in both therapeutic and diagnostic applications. They form novel carrier systems which are also capable of site-specific delivery of therapeutic agents. In addition, CNTs are of potential application in biosensing. Many recently reported advanced systems of CNT could be exploited for their immense potential in biomedicine in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- V R Raphey
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Govt. Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India
| | - T K Henna
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Govt. Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India
| | - K P Nivitha
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Govt. Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India
| | - P Mufeedha
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Govt. Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India
| | - Chinnu Sabu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Govt. Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India
| | - K Pramod
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Govt. Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India.
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47
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Munir KS, Wen C, Li Y. Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene as Nanoreinforcements in Metallic Biomaterials: a Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 3:e1800212. [PMID: 32627403 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201800212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Current challenges in existing metallic biomaterials encourage undertaking research in the development of novel materials for biomedical applications. This paper critically reviews the potential of carbon nanotubes (CNT) and graphene as nanoreinforcements in metallic biomaterials for bone tissue engineering. Unique and remarkable mechanical, electrical, and biological properties of these carbon nanomaterials allow their use as secondary-phase reinforcements in monolithic biomaterials. The nanoscale dimensions and extraordinarily large surface areas of CNT and graphene make them suitable materials for purposeful reaction with living organisms. However, the cytocompatibility of CNT and graphene is still a controversial issue that impedes advances in utilizing these promising materials in clinical orthopedic applications. The interaction of CNT and graphene with biological systems including proteins, nucleic acids, and human cells is critically reviewed to assess their cytocompatibity in vitro and in vivo. It is revealed that composites reinforced with CNT and graphene show enhanced adhesion of osteoblast cells, which subsequently promotes bone tissue formation in vivo. This potential is expected to pave the way for developing ground-breaking technologies in regenerative medicine and bone tissue engineering. In addition, current progress and future research directions are highlighted for the development of CNT and graphene reinforced implants for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khurram S Munir
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3083, Australia
| | - Cuie Wen
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3083, Australia
| | - Yuncang Li
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3083, Australia
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48
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Rahmati M, Mozafari M. Biological Response to Carbon-Family Nanomaterials: Interactions at the Nano-Bio Interface. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:4. [PMID: 30729107 PMCID: PMC6351449 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last few decades, several studies have suggested that carbon-based nanomaterials, owing to their unique properties, could act as promising candidates in biomedical engineering application. Wide-ranging research efforts have investigated the cellular and molecular responses to carbon-based nanomaterials at the nano-bio interfaces. In addition, a number of surface functionalization strategies have been introduced to improve their safety profile in the biological environment. The present review discusses the general principles of immunological responses to nanomaterials. Then, it explains essential physico-chemical properties of carbon-familynanomaterials, including carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene, fullerene, carbon quantum dots (CDs), diamond-like carbon (DLC), and mesoporous carbon biomaterials (MCNs), which significantly affect the immunological cellular and molecular responses at the nano-bio interface. The discussions also briefly highlight the recent studies that critically investigated the cellular and molecular responses to various carbon-based nanomaterials. It is expected that the most recent perspective strategies for improving the biological responses to carbon-based nanomaterials can revolutionize their functions in emerging biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Rahmati
- Bioengineering Research Group, Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Department, Materials and Energy Research Center, Tehran, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Mozafari
- Bioengineering Research Group, Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Department, Materials and Energy Research Center, Tehran, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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49
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Grushevskaya HV, Krylova NG. Carbon Nanotubes as A High-Performance Platform for Target Delivery of Anticancer Quinones. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 24:5207-5218. [PMID: 30652640 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190117095132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In spite of considerable efforts of researchers the cancer deseases remain to be incurable and a percentage of cancer deseases in the structure of mortality increases every year. At that, high systemic toxicity of antitumor drugs hampers their effective use. Because of this fact, the development of nanosystems for targeted delivery of antitumor drugs is one of the leading problem in nanomedicine and nanopharmacy. OBJECTIVE To critically examine the modern strategies for carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-based delivery of anticancer quinones and to summarize the mechanisms which can provide high effectiveness and multifunctionality of the CNT-based quinone delivery platform. RESULTS Quinones, including anthracycline antibiotics - doxorubicin and daunorubicin, are among the most prospective group of natural and syntetic compounds which exhibit high antitumor activity against different type of tumors. In this review, we focus on the possibilities of using CNTs for targeted delivery of antitumor compounds with quinoid moiety which is ordinarily characterized by high specific interaction with DNA molecules. Quinones can be non-covalently adsorbed on CNT surface due to their aromatic structure and π-conjugated system of double bonds. The characteristic features of doxorubicine-CNT complex are high loading efficiency, pH-dependent release in acidic tumor microenviroment, enough stability in biological fluid. Different types of CNT functionalization, targeting strategies and designs for multifunctional CNT-based doxorubicine delivery platform are disscussed. CONCLUSION Nanosystems based on functionalized CNTs are very promising platform for quinone delivery resulting in significant enhancement of cancer treatment efficiency. Functionalization of CNTs with the polymeric shell, especially DNA-based shells, can provide the greatest affinity and mimicry with biological structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- H V Grushevskaya
- Physics Department, Belarusian State University, 4 Nezavisimosti Ave., Minsk 220030, Belarus
| | - N G Krylova
- Physics Department, Belarusian State University, 4 Nezavisimosti Ave., Minsk 220030, Belarus
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50
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Hitscherich P, Aphale A, Gordan R, Whitaker R, Singh P, Xie LH, Patra P, Lee EJ. Electroactive graphene composite scaffolds for cardiac tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res A 2018; 106:2923-2933. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Hitscherich
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; New Jersey Institute of Technology; Newark New Jersey
| | - Ashish Aphale
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; University of Bridgeport; Bridgeport Connecticut
| | - Richard Gordan
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School; Newark New Jersey
| | - Ricardo Whitaker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; New Jersey Institute of Technology; Newark New Jersey
| | - Prabhakar Singh
- Department of Material Science and Engineering; University of Connecticut; Hartfort Connecticut
| | - Lai-hua Xie
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School; Newark New Jersey
| | - Prabir Patra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; University of Bridgeport; Bridgeport Connecticut
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; University of Bridgeport; Bridgeport Connecticut
| | - Eun Jung Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; New Jersey Institute of Technology; Newark New Jersey
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