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Nangare S, Kolte K, Khan Z, Patil A, Jadhav N, Boddu SHS, Charde M, Patil P. Design of cobalt-doped graphene quantum dot-decorated vanadium pentoxide nanosheet-based Off-On fluorescent sensor system for tiopronin sensing. ANAL SCI 2024; 40:1177-1191. [PMID: 38554251 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-024-00548-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Despite the high medicinal value of tiopronin, there are substantial adverse effects such as yellow skin, yellow eyes, muscle aches, etc. Therefore, there is a huge necessity to identify tiopronin using advanced sensors in provided samples. Recently, the preference for graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and inorganic nanomaterial-based fluorescent sensors for the detection of pharmaceuticals has been extensively documented due to their plentiful advantages. Therefore, in this work, the cobalt-doped GQDs decorated vanadium pentoxide nanosheet-based fluorescence switch 'Off-On' sensor (Co-GQDs@V2O5-NS) was designed for highly sensitive and selective detection of tiopronin. Briefly, the green synthesis of highly fluorescent Co-GQDs was carried out using a hydrothermal method. Meanwhile, the synthesis of V2O5-NS was synthesized using the liquid exfoliation method. The synthesis of Co-GQDs@V2O5-NS was accomplished wherein Co-GQDs adsorbed on the surface of V2O5-NS that offered the quenching of fluorescence of Co-GQDs. Afterward, the addition of tiopronin into the quenched probe disclosed the proportional recovery of fluorescence of Co-GQDs. Here, the addition of tiopronin provides the decomposition of V2O5-NS and conversion into the V4+ that aids in releasing the quenched fluorescence of Co-GQDs. The limit of detection and linearity range for tiopronin was found to be 1.43 ng/mL and 10-700 ng/mL, respectively. Moreover, it demonstrated high selectivity, good stability at experimental conditions, and practicality in analyzing tiopronin in spiked sample analysis. Hence, the designed Co-GQDs@V2O5-NS nanosized sensor enables high sensitivity, selectivity, simplicity, label-free, and eco-friendly tiopronin recognition. In the future, the utility of Co-GQDs@V2O5-NS can open a new door for sensing tiopronin in provided samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sopan Nangare
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H. R. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, MS, 425405, India
| | - Kajal Kolte
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H. R. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, MS, 425405, India
| | - Zamir Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H. R. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, MS, 425405, India
| | - Ashwini Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H. R. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, MS, 425405, India
| | - Namdeo Jadhav
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Krishna Institute of Pharmacy, Malkapur, Karad, MS, 415539, India
| | - Sai H S Boddu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, UAE
- Center of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, P.O. Box 346, Ajman, UAE
| | - Manoj Charde
- Government College of Pharmacy, Vidyanagar, Karad District, Satara, Maharashtra, 415124, India
| | - Pravin Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H. R. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, MS, 425405, India.
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Abbasi A, Shakir M. Simple One-step Solid-state Synthesis of Highly Crystalline N Doped Carbon Dots As Selective Turn Off-sensor for Picric Acid and Metanil Yellow. J Fluoresc 2022; 32:1239-1246. [PMID: 35353276 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-022-02928-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A simple one-step solid-state pyrolysis method has been employed to synthesize highly crystalline nitrogen-doped carbon dots using adipic acid and urea as carbon and nitrogen sources. The prepared carbon dots displayed UV emission ( λex = 290 nm and λem = 370 nm) and blue fluorescence emission ( λex = 360 nm and λem = 420 nm). These crystalline nitrogen-doped carbon dots exhibited a quantum yield of 6% with tryptophan as standard at 370 nm emission and 14% with quine sulfate as standard at 420 nm emission. The synthesized carbon dots were spherical, having a mean particle diameter of 2.56 ± 0.57 nm. The prepared carbon dots have large functional groups on their surface, which renders excellent water solubility to them. Carbon dots was used as selective and sensitive turn off sensor for detection of picric acid Metanil yellow with the linear response for picric acid ranging from 2 μM to 22 μM and 2-45 μM with a detection limit of 0.06 μM and 0.45 μM and for Metanil yellow ranging from 1 μM to 30 μM with a detection limit of 0.32 μM. The mechanism for detecting metanil yellow is proposed to be the inner filter effect. At the same time, it is both the inner filter effect and FRET for picric acid. The actual sample application of carbon dots as a nanosensor was tested to detect metanil yellow as an adulterant in turmeric powder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambreen Abbasi
- Division of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Mohammad Shakir
- Division of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
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Mohandoss S, Khanal HD, Palanisamy S, You S, Shim JJ, Lee YR. Multiple heteroatom-doped photoluminescent carbon dots for ratiometric detection of Hg 2+ ions in cell imaging and environmental applications. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:635-642. [PMID: 35080218 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay02077c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Photoluminescence detection and imaging of Hg2+ ions in the biochemical living system are of great importance. In this study, a new photoluminescent probe based on nitrogen (N), sulfur (S), and boron (B) multiple heteroatom co-doped carbon dots (NSB-CDs) is synthesized for the ratiometric detection of Hg2+ ions. The prepared NSB-CDs possess good aqueous solubility, excellent pH and ionic stability, excitation dependency, and high quantum yield (QY = 17.6%). The ratiometric photoluminescent sensor NSB-CDs exhibit high selectivity, sensitivity, and interference towards Hg2+ ions over other metal ions. After adding Hg2+ ions, the emission intensity of the NSB-CDs exhibits a large redshift from 452 to 496 nm (up to 44 nm), corresponding to a notable change from blue to green emission in aqueous solutions. The association constant (Ka), the limit of detection (LOD), and the limit of quantification (LOQ) for NSB-CDs/Hg2+ complex are calculated to be 3.6 × 104 M-1, 3.1 × 10-9 M, and 10.4 × 10-9 M, respectively, in the range of 0-30 × 10-6 M. The live cell bioimaging of HCT-116 cells with NSB-CDs validates the application of multicolor imaging for the detection of Hg2+ ions in aqueous media and biological systems. Moreover, the potential use of the NSB-CDs/Hg2+ complex for real sample analysis is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonaimuthu Mohandoss
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk-do 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hari Datta Khanal
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk-do 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Subramanian Palanisamy
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, 120 Gangneungdaehangno, Gangneung, Gangwon 25457, Republic of Korea
| | - SangGuan You
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, 120 Gangneungdaehangno, Gangneung, Gangwon 25457, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Jin Shim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk-do 38541, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yong Rok Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk-do 38541, Republic of Korea.
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Zhu T, Cao L, Zhou Z, Guo H, Ge M, Dong WF, Li L. Ultra-bright carbon quantum dots for rapid cell staining. Analyst 2022; 147:2558-2566. [DOI: 10.1039/d2an00325b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A schematic illustration of the synthesis of G-CDs and cell imaging under one-photon and two-photon conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Zhu
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Suzhou 215163, P. R. China
| | - Lei Cao
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Suzhou 215163, P. R. China
| | - Zhenqiao Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Suzhou 215163, P. R. China
| | - Hanzhou Guo
- Changchun Guoke Medical Engineer and Technology Development Co., Ltd, Changchun 13003, China
| | - Mingfeng Ge
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Suzhou 215163, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Fei Dong
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Suzhou 215163, P. R. China
| | - Li Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), Suzhou 215163, P. R. China
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Alvandi N, Assariha S, Esfandiari N, Jafari R. Off–on sensor based on concentration-dependent multicolor fluorescent carbon dots for detecting pesticides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2021.100706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Pajewska-Szmyt M, Buszewski B, Gadzała-Kopciuch R. Carbon dots as rapid assays for detection of mercury(II) ions based on turn-off mode and breast milk. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 236:118320. [PMID: 32278279 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this research, nitrogen co-doped carbon dots were synthesized by solid thermal method with citric acid used as the precursor of carbon, and melamine as nitrogen source. Such carbon dots show high quantum yield of 44%. Furthermore, the native fluorescence of CDs can be reduced by mercury(II), while other metals had no significant influence on fluorescence intensity. During the study, the optimal parameters were selected, such as pH or time for incubation with analyte. Under the optimal conditions, quenching effect caused by mercury ions was evaluated. It was observed that with increasing mercury concentration, the fluorescence of the carbon dots decreased proportionally. The response was characterized by linearity within the range from 2 to 14 μM. Moreover, the limit of detection was 0.44 μM. It was the first time that human milk was used as a real sample to test the applicability of carbon dots. The study results demonstrated good recovery in the 74-111% range (RSD < 6%) As a novel carbon material, CDs show promise for broader applications in analyzing complicated biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Pajewska-Szmyt
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 7 Gagarin St., 87-100 Toruń, Poland; Interdisciplinary Centre for Modern Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 4 Wileńska St, PL-87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | - Bogusław Buszewski
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 7 Gagarin St., 87-100 Toruń, Poland; Interdisciplinary Centre for Modern Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 4 Wileńska St, PL-87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Renata Gadzała-Kopciuch
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 7 Gagarin St., 87-100 Toruń, Poland; Interdisciplinary Centre for Modern Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 4 Wileńska St, PL-87-100 Toruń, Poland
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Ninwong B, Sangkaew P, Hapa P, Ratnarathorn N, Menger RF, Henry CS, Dungchai W. Sensitive distance-based paper-based quantification of mercury ions using carbon nanodots and heating-based preconcentration. RSC Adv 2020; 10:9884-9893. [PMID: 35498601 PMCID: PMC9050213 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra00791a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This article reports the first fluorescent distance-based paper device coupled with an evaporating preconcentration system for determining trace mercury ions (Hg2+) in water. The fluorescent nitrogen-doped carbon dots (NCDs) were synthesized by a one-step microwave method using citric acid and ethylenediamine. The fluorescence turn-off of the NCDs in the presence of Hg2+ was visualized with a common black light, and the distance of the quenched fluorescence correlated to Hg2+ concentration. The optimal conditions for pH, NCD concentration, sample volume, and reaction time were investigated. Heating preconcentration was used to improve the detection limits of the fluorescent distance-based paper device by a factor of 100. Under the optimal conditions, the naked eye limit of detection (LOD) was 5 μg L-1 Hg2+. This LOD is sufficient for monitoring drinking water where the maximum allowable mercury level is 6 μg L-1 as established by the World Health Organization (WHO). The fluorescent distance-based paper device was successfully applied for Hg2+ quantification in water samples without interference from other cations. The proposed method provides several advantages over atomic absorption spectroscopy including ease of use, inexpensive material and fabrication, and portability. In addition, the devices are simple to fabricate and have a long shelf-life (>5 months).
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjawan Ninwong
- Organic Synthesis, Electrochemistry & Natural Product Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Prachautid Road, Thungkru Bangkok 10140 Thailand +66-2-470-8840 +66-2-470-9553
- Nanomaterials Chemistry Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nakhon Si Thammarat Rajabhat University Nakhon Si Thammarat 80280 Thailand
| | - Prapaporn Sangkaew
- Organic Synthesis, Electrochemistry & Natural Product Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Prachautid Road, Thungkru Bangkok 10140 Thailand +66-2-470-8840 +66-2-470-9553
| | - Photcharapan Hapa
- Organic Synthesis, Electrochemistry & Natural Product Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Prachautid Road, Thungkru Bangkok 10140 Thailand +66-2-470-8840 +66-2-470-9553
| | - Nalin Ratnarathorn
- Organic Synthesis, Electrochemistry & Natural Product Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Prachautid Road, Thungkru Bangkok 10140 Thailand +66-2-470-8840 +66-2-470-9553
| | - Ruth F Menger
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical & Biological Engineering, Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 USA
| | - Charles S Henry
- Departments of Chemistry and Chemical & Biological Engineering, Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 USA
| | - Wijitar Dungchai
- Organic Synthesis, Electrochemistry & Natural Product Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Prachautid Road, Thungkru Bangkok 10140 Thailand +66-2-470-8840 +66-2-470-9553
- Applied Science & Engineering for Social Solution Unit, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Prachautid Road, Thungkru Bangkok 10140 Thailand
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Mehta A, Mishra A, Basu S, Shetti NP, Reddy KR, Saleh TA, Aminabhavi TM. Band gap tuning and surface modification of carbon dots for sustainable environmental remediation and photocatalytic hydrogen production - A review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 250:109486. [PMID: 31518793 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Energy and water are the two major issues facing the modern mankind. Providing freshwater requires energy and producing energy uses water. In the present-day scenario, both these routes face growing problems and limitations. Energy crisis has risen due to the depletion of fossil fuels that cause pollution to water bodies making the water unusable for human consumption. In this regard, semiconductor nanocrystals with luminescent properties or carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are the newly developed nanomaterials whose distinctive photo-physical characteristics are focusing to a new generation of robust materials and sensors for sustainable development. In this review, advances in surface and band gap modification of CQDs to improve the activity of nanomaterials will be discussed with special reference to some specific CQDs exhibiting special optical properties for water treatment/splitting applications. Recent advances on CQDs nanocomposites including their applications in photodegradation of organic pollutants, sensing of heavy metal ions in water and water splitting are discussed critically to narrate the future prospects in this field. Challenges and limitations for further improvement are covered to provide smart choices for creating sustainability of benign environment and economic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akansha Mehta
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, 147004, India
| | - Amit Mishra
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, 147004, India
| | - Soumen Basu
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, 147004, India.
| | - Nagaraj P Shetti
- Electrochemistry and Materials Group, Department of Chemistry, K.L.E. Institute of Technology, Hubballi, 580 030, Visvesvaraya Technological University, Karnataka, India
| | - Kakarla Raghava Reddy
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Tawfik A Saleh
- Chemistry Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, B.O. Box: 346, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tejraj M Aminabhavi
- Pharmaceutical Engineering, Sonia College of Pharmacy, Dharwad, 580 002, Karnataka, India.
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Revisiting fluorescent carbon nanodots for environmental, biomedical applications and puzzle about fluorophore impurities. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2019.100391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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11
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Graphene quantum dots and carbon nano dots for the FRET based detection of heavy metal ions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2019.100347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Patel R, Bothra S, Kumar R, Sahoo SK. Selective turn-off sensing of picric acid and p-nitrophenol using fluorescent histidine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2019.100345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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13
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Tunable excitation-independent emissions from graphene quantum dots through microplasma-assisted electrochemical synthesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2019.100341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Recent Advancements in Doped/Co-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots for Multi-Potential Applications. C — JOURNAL OF CARBON RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/c5020024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs)/carbon nanodots are a new class of fluorescent carbon nanomaterials having an approximate size in the range of 2–10 nm. The majority of the reported review articles have discussed about the development of the CQDs (via simple and cost-effective synthesis methods) for use in bio-imaging and chemical-/biological-sensing applications. However, there is a severe lack of consolidated studies on the recently developed CQDs (especially doped/co-doped) that are utilized in different areas of application. Hence, in this review, we have extensively discussed about the recent development in doped and co-doped CQDs (using elements/heteroatoms—e.g., boron (B), fluorine (F), nitrogen (N), sulphur (S), and phosphorous (P)), along with their synthesis method, reaction conditions, and/or quantum yield (QY), and their emerging multi-potential applications including electrical/electronics (such as light emitting diode (LED) and solar cells), fluorescent ink for anti-counterfeiting, optical sensors (for detection of metal ions, drugs, and pesticides/fungicides), gene delivery, and temperature probing.
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Molaei MJ. A review on nanostructured carbon quantum dots and their applications in biotechnology, sensors, and chemiluminescence. Talanta 2018; 196:456-478. [PMID: 30683392 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are a member of carbon nanostructures family which have received increasing attention for their photoluminescence (PL), physical and chemical stability and low toxicity. The classical semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are semiconductor particles that are able to emit fluorescence by excitation. The CQDs is mainly referred to photoluminescent carbon nanoparticles less than 10 nm, with surface modification or functionalization. Contrary to other carbon nanostructures, CQDs can be synthesized and functionalized fast and easily. The fluorescence origin of the CQDs is a controversial issue which depends on carbon source, experimental conditions, and functional groups. However, PL emissions originated from conjugated π-domains and surface defects have been proposed for the PL emission mechanisms of the CQDs. These nanostructures have been used as nontoxic alternatives to the classical heavy metals containing semiconductor QDs in some applications such as in-vivo and in-vitro bio-imaging, drug delivery, photosensors, chemiluminescence (CL), and etc. This paper will introduce CQDs, their structure, and PL characteristics. Recent advances of the application of CQDs in biotechnology, sensors, and CL is comprehensively discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Jafar Molaei
- Faculty of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood 3619995161, Iran.
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Rao L, Tang Y, Lu H, Yu S, Ding X, Xu K, Li Z, Zhang JZ. Highly Photoluminescent and Stable N-Doped Carbon Dots as Nanoprobes for Hg 2+ Detection. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 8:nano8110900. [PMID: 30400227 PMCID: PMC6265737 DOI: 10.3390/nano8110900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
We developed a microreactor with porous copper fibers for synthesizing nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CDs) with a high stability and photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield (QY). By optimizing synthesis conditions, including the reaction temperature, flow rate, ethylenediamine dosage, and porosity of copper fibers, the N-CDs with a high PL QY of 73% were achieved. The PL QY of N-CDs was two times higher with copper fibers than without. The interrelations between the copper fibers with different porosities and the N-CDs were investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results demonstrate that the elemental contents and surface functional groups of N-CDs are significantly influenced by the porosity of copper fibers. The N-CDs can be used to effectively and selectively detect Hg2+ ions with a good linear response in the 0~50 μM Hg2+ ions concentration range, and the lowest limit of detection (LOD) is 2.54 nM, suggesting that the N-CDs have great potential for applications in the fields of environmental and hazard detection. Further studies reveal that the different d orbital energy levels of Hg2+ compared to those of other metal ions can affect the efficiency of electron transfer and thereby result in their different response in fluorescence quenching towards N-CDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longshi Rao
- Engineering Research Centre of Green Manufacturing for Energy-Saving and New-Energy Technology, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.
| | - Yong Tang
- Engineering Research Centre of Green Manufacturing for Energy-Saving and New-Energy Technology, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Hanguang Lu
- Engineering Research Centre of Green Manufacturing for Energy-Saving and New-Energy Technology, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Shudong Yu
- Engineering Research Centre of Green Manufacturing for Energy-Saving and New-Energy Technology, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Light Technology Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstrasse 13, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Xinrui Ding
- Engineering Research Centre of Green Manufacturing for Energy-Saving and New-Energy Technology, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Zongtao Li
- Engineering Research Centre of Green Manufacturing for Energy-Saving and New-Energy Technology, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Jin Z Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.
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Satapathi S, Kumar V, Chini MK, Bera R, Halder KK, Patra A. Highly sensitive detection and removal of mercury ion using a multimodal nanosensor. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoso.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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