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Rivera-García LG, Francis-Malavé AM, Castillo ZW, Uong CD, Wilson TD, Ferchmin PA, Eterovic V, Burton MD, Carrasquillo Y. Anti-hyperalgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of 4R-tobacco cembranoid in a mouse model of inflammatory pain. J Inflamm (Lond) 2024; 21:2. [PMID: 38267952 PMCID: PMC10809744 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-023-00373-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
4R is a tobacco cembranoid that binds to and modulates cholinergic receptors and exhibits neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory activity. Given the established function of the cholinergic system in pain and inflammation, we propose that 4R is also analgesic. Here, we tested the hypothesis that systemic 4R treatment decreases pain-related behaviors and peripheral inflammation via modulation of the alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α7 nAChRs) in a mouse model of inflammatory pain. We elicited inflammation by injecting Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) into the hind paw of male and female mice. We then assessed inflammation-induced hypersensitivity to cold, heat, and tactile stimulation using the Acetone, Hargreaves, and von Frey tests, respectively, before and at different time points (2.5 h - 8d) after a single systemic 4R (or vehicle) administration. We evaluated the contribution of α7 nAChRs 4R-mediated analgesia by pre-treating mice with a selective antagonist of α7 nAChRs followed by 4R (or vehicle) administration prior to behavioral tests. We assessed CFA-induced paw edema and inflammation by measuring paw thickness and quantifying immune cell infiltration in the injected hind paw using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Lastly, we performed immunohistochemical and flow cytometric analyses of paw skin in α7 nAChR-cre::Ai9 mice to measure the expression of α7 nAChRs on immune subsets. Our experiments show that systemic administration of 4R decreases inflammation-induced peripheral hypersensitivity in male and female mice and inflammation-induced paw edema in male but not female mice. Notably, 4R-mediated analgesia and anti-inflammatory effects lasted up to 8d after a single systemic administration on day 1. Pretreatment with an α7 nAChR-selective antagonist prevented 4R-mediated analgesia and anti-inflammatory effects, demonstrating that 4R effects are via modulation of α7 nAChRs. We further show that a subset of immune cells in the hind paw expresses α7 nAChRs. However, the number of α7 nAChR-expressing immune cells is unaltered by CFA or 4R treatment, suggesting that 4R effects are independent of α7 nAChR-expressing immune cells. Together, our findings identify a novel function of the 4R tobacco cembranoid as an analgesic agent in both male and female mice that reduces peripheral inflammation in a sex-dependent manner, further supporting the pharmacological targeting of the cholinergic system for pain treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis G Rivera-García
- Division of Intramural Research National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, 35 Convent Drive, Building 35A / Room 1E-410, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Universidad Central Del Caribe School of Medicine, Bayamon, Puerto Rico, USA
| | - Adela M Francis-Malavé
- Division of Intramural Research National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, 35 Convent Drive, Building 35A / Room 1E-410, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Zachary W Castillo
- Neuroimmunology and Behavior Group, Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies (CAPS), School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas, Dallas, USA
| | - Calvin D Uong
- Neuroimmunology and Behavior Group, Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies (CAPS), School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas, Dallas, USA
| | - Torri D Wilson
- Division of Intramural Research National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, 35 Convent Drive, Building 35A / Room 1E-410, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - P A Ferchmin
- Department of Neuroscience, Universidad Central Del Caribe School of Medicine, Bayamon, Puerto Rico, USA
| | - Vesna Eterovic
- Department of Neuroscience, Universidad Central Del Caribe School of Medicine, Bayamon, Puerto Rico, USA
| | - Michael D Burton
- Neuroimmunology and Behavior Group, Department of Neuroscience, Center for Advanced Pain Studies (CAPS), School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas, Dallas, USA
| | - Yarimar Carrasquillo
- Division of Intramural Research National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, 35 Convent Drive, Building 35A / Room 1E-410, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
- National Institute On Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, 35 Convent Drive, Building 35A / Room 1E-410, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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Xu K, Du X, Ren X, Li X, Li H, Fu X, Wei X. Structural Modifications and Biological Activities of Natural α- and β-Cembrenediol: A Comprehensive Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15050601. [PMID: 35631427 PMCID: PMC9143853 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of the most characteristic ingredients of glandular trichome secretions from Nicotiana tabacum L. (tobacco), natural cembrenediols, namely, (1S,2E,4S,6R,7E,11E)-2,7,11-cembratriene-4,6-diol (α-cembrenediol/α-CBD) and its C-4 epimer (β-cembrenediol/β-CBD), have attracted considerable attention for their potent antitumor, neuroprotective, antimicrobial, and other activities. Many researchers are committed to exploring the possibility of utilizing these two cembrenediols and their derivatives both in human medicine and in agricultural fungicides. To the best of our knowledge, this review is the first to provide a comprehensive summary of the chemical modifications and bioactivities of α- and β-CBD from their discovery to the present day; the review highlights their potential medicinal value for humans. The extensive references from 1962 to 2022 provided herein were systematically gathered from the SciFinder, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. We expect this review to assist in providing practical ideas for future drug development based on α- and β-CBD and in further facilitating the utilization of the tobacco cembrenediols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo Xu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (K.X.); (X.D.); (X.R.); (X.L.); (H.L.)
- Qingdao Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266114, China
| | - Xinying Du
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (K.X.); (X.D.); (X.R.); (X.L.); (H.L.)
- Qingdao Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266114, China
| | - Xia Ren
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (K.X.); (X.D.); (X.R.); (X.L.); (H.L.)
- Qingdao Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266114, China
| | - XiuXue Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (K.X.); (X.D.); (X.R.); (X.L.); (H.L.)
- Qingdao Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266114, China
| | - Hui Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (K.X.); (X.D.); (X.R.); (X.L.); (H.L.)
- Qingdao Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266114, China
| | - Xianjun Fu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (K.X.); (X.D.); (X.R.); (X.L.); (H.L.)
- Qingdao Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266114, China
- Correspondence: (X.F.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiaoyi Wei
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- Correspondence: (X.F.); (X.W.)
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Uchida S, Hotta H, Misawa H, Kawashima K. Sustained subcutaneous infusion of nicotine enhances cholinergic vasodilation in the cerebral cortex induced by stimulation of the nucleus basalis of Meynert in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2011; 654:235-40. [PMID: 21237144 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2010] [Revised: 11/28/2010] [Accepted: 12/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The present study examined the effects of sustained nicotine exposure on the cholinergic vasodilative system originating in the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM) and projecting to the cerebral cortex in rats. Rats received sustained subcutaneous nicotine (100μg/kg/h) for 14 days. Under urethane anesthesia, the vasodilation response and acetylcholine release in the parietal cortex induced by electrical stimulation of the NBM (10-200μA) were measured. The basal level of acetylcholine release was significantly higher in nicotine-treated rats than in saline-treated control rats. In the control rats, both the acetylcholine release and blood flow were increased by NBM stimulation in a stimulus intensity-dependent manner, and a threshold of 50μA. In nicotine-treated rats, the threshold intensity of NBM stimulation producing increases in acetylcholine release and blood flow was reduced to 20μA. The stimulus intensity-dependent acetylcholine release and vasodilation by NBM stimulation were significantly larger in nicotine-treated rats than in control rats. We conclude that sustained subcutaneous infusion of nicotine enhances cholinergic vasodilative system in the cerebral cortex originating in the NBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sae Uchida
- Department of Autonomic Neuroscience, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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Ferchmin PA, Pagán OR, Ulrich H, Szeto AC, Hann RM, Eterović VA. Actions of octocoral and tobacco cembranoids on nicotinic receptors. Toxicon 2009; 54:1174-82. [PMID: 19281835 PMCID: PMC2783377 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2009.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) are pentameric proteins that form agonist-gated cation channels through the plasma membrane. AChR agonists and antagonists are potential candidates for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Cembranoids are naturally occurring diterpenoids that contain a 14-carbon ring. These diterpenoids interact with AChRs in complex ways: as irreversible inhibitors at the agonist sites, as noncompetitive inhibitors, or as positive modulators, but no cembranoid was ever shown to have agonistic activity on AChRs. The cembranoid eupalmerin acetate displays positive modulation of agonist-induced currents in the muscle-type AChR and in the related gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) type A receptor. Moreover, cembranoids display important biological effects, many of them mediated by nicotinic receptors. Cembranoids from tobacco are neuroprotective through a nicotinic anti-apoptotic mechanism preventing excitotoxic neuronal death which in part could result from anti-inflammatory properties of cembranoids. Moreover, tobacco cembranoids also have anti-inflammatory properties which could enhance their neuroprotective properties. Cembranoids from tobacco affect nicotine-related behavior: they increase the transient initial ataxia caused by first nicotine injection into naive rats and inhibit the expression of locomotor sensitization to repeated injections of nicotine. In addition, cembranoids are known to act as anti-tumor compounds. In conclusion, cembranoids provide a promising source of lead drugs for many clinical areas, including neuroprotection, smoking-cessation, and anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Ferchmin
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamon, PR, USA
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Pagán OR, Rowlands AL, Fattore AL, Coudron T, Urban KR, Bidja AH, Eterović VA. A cembranoid from tobacco prevents the expression of nicotine-induced withdrawal behavior in planarian worms. Eur J Pharmacol 2009; 615:118-24. [PMID: 19490913 PMCID: PMC2904570 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2009] [Revised: 05/12/2009] [Accepted: 05/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Using an adaptation of published behavioral protocols, we determined that acute exposure to the cholinergic compounds nicotine and carbamylcholine decreased planarian motility in a concentration-dependent manner. A tobacco cembranoid (1S,2E,4R,6R,7E,11E)-cembra-2,7,11-triene-4,6-diol (4R-cembranoid), also decreased planarian motility. Experiments in the presence of 1 microM 4R-cembranoid did increase the IC50 for nicotine- but not carbamylcholine-induced decrease in planarian motility. When planarians were exposed for 24 h to either nicotine or carbamylcholine at concentrations near their respective IC50 values and then transferred to plain media, nicotine-exposed, but not carbamylcholine- or cembranoid-exposed worms displayed withdrawal-like distress behaviors. In experiments where planarians were pre-exposed to 100 microM nicotine for 24 h in the presence of 1 microM 4R-cembranoid, the withdrawal-like effects were significantly reduced. These results indicate that the 4R-cembranoid might have valuable applications for tobacco abuse research. This experimental approach using planarians is useful for the initial screening of compounds relevant to drug abuse and dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oné R Pagán
- Department of Biology, West Chester University, 750 S. Church Street, West Chester, PA 19383-2112, United States.
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