1
|
Nisar R, Inamullah A, Ghalib AUF, Nisar H, Sarkaki A, Afzal A, Tariq M, Batool Z, Haider S. Geraniol mitigates anxiety-like behaviors in rats by reducing oxidative stress, repairing impaired hippocampal neurotransmission, and normalizing brain cortical-EEG wave patterns after a single electric foot-shock exposure. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116771. [PMID: 38795639 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Anxiety-like conditions can interfere with daily activities as the adaptive mechanism fails to cope with stress. These conditions are often linked with increased oxidative stress, and abrupt neurotransmission and electroencephalography (EEG) wave pattern. Geraniol, a monoterpenoid, has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, as well as brain-calming effects. Therefore, in this study, geraniol was tested for the potential anxiolytic effects in a rat model of anxiety. The rats were exposed to an electric foot shock (1 mA for 1 s) to develop anxiety-like symptoms. Treatment was carried out using geraniol (10 and 30 mg/kg) and the standard diazepam drug. The behavior of the rats was analyzed using the open field test, light-dark test, and social interaction test. Afterward, the rats were decapitated to collect samples for neurochemical and biochemical analyses. The cortical-EEG wave pattern was also obtained. The study revealed that the electric foot shock induced anxiety-like symptoms, increased oxidative stress, and altered hippocampal neurotransmitter levels. The power of low-beta and high-beta was amplified with the increased coupling of delta-beta waves in anxiety group. However, the treatment with geraniol and diazepam normalized cortical-EEG wave pattern and hippocampal serotonin and catecholamines profile which was also reflected by reduced anxious behavior and normalized antioxidant levels. The study reports an anxiolytic potential of geraniol, which can be further explored in future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rida Nisar
- Husein Ebrahim Jamal Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Aimen Inamullah
- Husein Ebrahim Jamal Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Asad Ullah Faiz Ghalib
- Husein Ebrahim Jamal Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Hareem Nisar
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Alireza Sarkaki
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Asia Afzal
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Sciences & Technology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Maryam Tariq
- Dual General Adult and Old Age Trainee, Humber Teaching NHS Foundation Trust, Hull, UK
| | - Zehra Batool
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Saida Haider
- Neurochemistry and Biochemical Neuropharmacology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nisar R, Batool Z, Haider S. Electric foot-shock induces neurobehavioral aberrations due to imbalance in oxidative status, stress hormone, neurochemical profile, and irregular cortical-beta wave pattern in rats: A validated animal model of anxiety. Life Sci 2023; 323:121707. [PMID: 37084951 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric disorders can be modeled on animals to investigate the neural mechanism underlying these disorders. Models of neuropsychiatric disorders, such as anxiety, basically aim to produce the signs and symptoms of human anxiety disorders in laboratory animals. Electric foot-shock is recommended to induce anxiety-like symptoms in rodents. For this purpose, however, a range of current intensities is available in the literature. The present study aims to modify the existing practices of generating anxiety-like symptoms through electric foot-shock by identifying an optimum current intensity and combing it with behavioral paradigms to produce a rat model of anxiety. Furthermore, the validity of the model was confirmed by checking the fulfillment of three validity criteria necessary for the development of any disease model including face validity, construct validity, and predictive validity. In the current study, after pre-testing, 1.0 mA electric intensity was selected to produce the model of anxiety. The results showed that the induction of 1.0 mA electric foot-shock induces abnormal behavioral effects which were similar to anxiety-like effects as evident by social interaction test, light-dark transition test, and open field test. Moreover, aberrations in the levels of the stress hormone, oxidative stress parameters, hippocampal neurotransmitter levels, and cortical-EEG wave pattern were also observed in the rat model of anxiety which were successfully overcome using diazepam. In conclusion, the outcome of our study suggests that electric foot-shock can be an adequate stressor to produce a validated animal model of anxiety and this model can be confidently used to identify and screen new and/or novel anxiolytics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rida Nisar
- Husein Ebrahim Jamal Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zehra Batool
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Saida Haider
- Neurochemistry and Biochemical Neuropharmacology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yousefzadehfard Y, Wechsler B, DeLorenzo C. Human circadian rhythm studies: Practical guidelines for inclusion/exclusion criteria and protocol. Neurobiol Sleep Circadian Rhythms 2022; 13:100080. [PMID: 35989718 PMCID: PMC9382328 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbscr.2022.100080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
As interest in circadian rhythms and their effects continues to grow, there is an increasing need to perform circadian studies in humans. Although the constant routine is the gold standard for these studies, there are advantages to performing more naturalistic studies. Here, a review of protocols for such studies is provided along with sample inclusion and exclusion criteria. Sleep routines, drug use, shift work, and menstrual cycle are addressed as screening considerations. Regarding protocol, best practices for measuring melatonin, including light settings, posture, exercise, and dietary habits are described. The inclusion/exclusion recommendations and protocol guidelines are intended to reduce confounding variables in studies that do not involve the constant routine. Given practical limitations, a range of recommendations is provided from stringent to lenient. The scientific rationale behind these recommendations is discussed. However, where the science is equivocal, recommendations are based on empirical decisions made in previous studies. While not all of the recommendations listed may be practical in all research settings and with limited potential participants, the goal is to allow investigators to make well informed decisions about their screening procedures and protocol techniques and to improve rigor and reproducibility, in line with the objectives of the National Institutes of Health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yashar Yousefzadehfard
- Center for Understanding Biology Using Imaging Technology, Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Midland, TX, USA
| | - Bennett Wechsler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Christine DeLorenzo
- Center for Understanding Biology Using Imaging Technology, Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chikhi S, Matton N, Blanchet S. EEG
power spectral measures of cognitive workload: A meta‐analysis. Psychophysiology 2022; 59:e14009. [DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samy Chikhi
- Laboratoire Mémoire, Cerveau et Cognition (MC2Lab, URP 7536), Institute of Psychology University of Paris Boulogne‐Billancourt France
| | - Nadine Matton
- CLLE‐LTC University of Toulouse, CNRS (UMR5263) Toulouse France
- ENAC Research Lab École Nationale d’Aviation Civile Toulouse France
| | - Sophie Blanchet
- Laboratoire Mémoire, Cerveau et Cognition (MC2Lab, URP 7536), Institute of Psychology University of Paris Boulogne‐Billancourt France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Influence of PICALM and CLU risk variants on beta EEG activity in Alzheimer's disease patients. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20465. [PMID: 34650147 PMCID: PMC8516883 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99589-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PICALM and CLU genes have been linked to alterations in brain biochemical processes that may have an impact on Alzheimer’s disease (AD) development and neurophysiological dynamics. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between the electroencephalographic (EEG) activity and the PICALM and CLU alleles described as conferring risk or protective effects on AD patients and healthy controls. For this purpose, EEG activity was acquired from: 18 AD patients and 12 controls carrying risk alleles of both PICALM and CLU genes, and 35 AD patients and 12 controls carrying both protective alleles. Relative power (RP) in the conventional EEG frequency bands (delta, theta, alpha, beta, and gamma) was computed to quantify the brain activity at source level. In addition, spatial entropy (SE) was calculated in each band to characterize the regional distribution of the RP values throughout the brain. Statistically significant differences in global RP and SE at beta band (p-values < 0.05, Mann–Whitney U-test) were found between genotypes in the AD group. Furthermore, RP showed statistically significant differences in 58 cortical regions out of the 68 analyzed in AD. No statistically significant differences were found in the control group at any frequency band. Our results suggest that PICALM and CLU AD-inducing genotypes are involved in physiological processes related to disruption in beta power, which may be associated with physiological disturbances such as alterations in beta-amyloid and neurotransmitter metabolism.
Collapse
|
6
|
Yurgil KA, Velasquez MA, Winston JL, Reichman NB, Colombo PJ. Music Training, Working Memory, and Neural Oscillations: A Review. Front Psychol 2020; 11:266. [PMID: 32153474 PMCID: PMC7047970 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on reports that link music training to working memory and neural oscillations. Music training is increasingly associated with improvement in working memory, which is strongly related to both localized and distributed patterns of neural oscillations. Importantly, there is a small but growing number of reports of relationships between music training, working memory, and neural oscillations in adults. Taken together, these studies make important contributions to our understanding of the neural mechanisms that support effects of music training on behavioral measures of executive functions. In addition, they reveal gaps in our knowledge that hold promise for further investigation. The current review is divided into the main sections that follow: (1) discussion of behavioral measures of working memory, and effects of music training on working memory in adults; (2) relationships between music training and neural oscillations during temporal stages of working memory; (3) relationships between music training and working memory in children; (4) relationships between music training and working memory in older adults; and (5) effects of entrainment of neural oscillations on cognitive processing. We conclude that the study of neural oscillations is proving useful in elucidating the neural mechanisms of relationships between music training and the temporal stages of working memory. Moreover, a lifespan approach to these studies will likely reveal strategies to improve and maintain executive function during development and aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kate A. Yurgil
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Loyola University, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | | | - Jenna L. Winston
- Department of Psychology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Noah B. Reichman
- Brain Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Paul J. Colombo
- Department of Psychology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Brain Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Training state and performance evaluation of working memory based on task-related EEG. Biomed Signal Process Control 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|