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Wang X, Zhang Y, Wen Q, Wang Y, Wang Z, Tan Z, Wu K. Sex Differences in Intestinal Microbial Composition and Function of Hainan Special Wild Boar. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E1553. [PMID: 32887230 PMCID: PMC7552319 DOI: 10.3390/ani10091553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome plays an important role in the health and disease status of the host. Research on the effect of sex on animal intestinal microorganisms is still limited; and the effect of castration on the gut microbiome of male pigs has not been fully investigated. In this study, 30 Hainan special wild boars at the same growth stage were divided into three groups (10 entire males, 10 females, and 10 castrated males). High-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing was used to investigate the fecal microbiota of the Hainan special wild boar. Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Spirochaetes, and Proteobacteria were the five dominant phyla found in the specimens. The relative abundance of Bacteroidetes was higher in the microbiota of female pigs than in male pigs, while Firmicutes was on the contrary. The percentage of Streptococcus and Lactobacillus was higher in males than females. The microbial diversity of females was significantly higher compared to males; castration increased the intestinal microbial diversity of males. Functional prediction showed that male fecal microorganisms were rich in membrane transport and carbohydrate metabolism; energy metabolism, glycan biosynthesis, and metabolism of cofactors and vitamins were rich in the female group; the fecal microorganisms of castrated males had higher membrane transport abundance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhe Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (X.W.); (Y.Z.); (Q.W.); (Y.W.); (Z.W.)
- Laboratory of Tropical Animal Breeding, Reproduction and Nutrition, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (X.W.); (Y.Z.); (Q.W.); (Y.W.); (Z.W.)
- Laboratory of Tropical Animal Breeding, Reproduction and Nutrition, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Qiong Wen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (X.W.); (Y.Z.); (Q.W.); (Y.W.); (Z.W.)
- Laboratory of Tropical Animal Breeding, Reproduction and Nutrition, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (X.W.); (Y.Z.); (Q.W.); (Y.W.); (Z.W.)
- Laboratory of Tropical Animal Breeding, Reproduction and Nutrition, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zhixin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (X.W.); (Y.Z.); (Q.W.); (Y.W.); (Z.W.)
| | - Zhen Tan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (X.W.); (Y.Z.); (Q.W.); (Y.W.); (Z.W.)
| | - Kebang Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (X.W.); (Y.Z.); (Q.W.); (Y.W.); (Z.W.)
- Laboratory of Tropical Animal Breeding, Reproduction and Nutrition, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
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