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Ghasemian-Shirvan E, Ungureanu R, Melo L, van Dun K, Kuo MF, Nitsche MA, Meesen RLJ. Optimizing the Effect of tDCS on Motor Sequence Learning in the Elderly. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13010137. [PMID: 36672118 PMCID: PMC9857096 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13010137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most visible effects of aging, even in healthy, normal aging, is a decline in motor performance. The range of strategies applicable to counteract this deterioration has increased. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that can promote neuroplasticity, has recently gained attention. However, knowledge about optimized tDCS parameters in the elderly is limited. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effect of different anodal tDCS intensities on motor sequence learning in the elderly. Over the course of four sessions, 25 healthy older adults (over 65 years old) completed the Serial Reaction Time Task (SRTT) while receiving 1, 2, or 3 mA of anodal or sham stimulation over the primary motor cortex (M1). Additionally, 24 h after stimulation, motor memory consolidation was assessed. The results confirmed that motor sequence learning in all tDCS conditions was maintained the following day. While increased anodal stimulation intensity over M1 showed longer lasting excitability enhancement in the elderly in a prior study, the combination of higher intensity stimulation with an implicit motor learning task showed no significant effect. Future research should focus on the reason behind this lack of effect and probe alternative stimulation protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ensiyeh Ghasemian-Shirvan
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Center for Working Environment and Human Factors, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
- International Graduate School of Neuroscience, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
- Neuroplasticity and Movement Control Research Group, REVAL Rehabilitation Research Center, REVAL, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Ruxandra Ungureanu
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Center for Working Environment and Human Factors, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Lorena Melo
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Center for Working Environment and Human Factors, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
- International Graduate School of Neuroscience, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Kim van Dun
- Neuroplasticity and Movement Control Research Group, REVAL Rehabilitation Research Center, REVAL, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Min-Fang Kuo
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Center for Working Environment and Human Factors, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Michael A. Nitsche
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Center for Working Environment and Human Factors, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
- University Clinic of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy and University Clinic of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Protestant Hospital of Bethel Foundation, University Hospital OWL, Bielefeld University, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Raf L. J. Meesen
- Neuroplasticity and Movement Control Research Group, REVAL Rehabilitation Research Center, REVAL, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Correspondence:
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Nindorera F, Nduwimana I, Sinzakaraye A, Havyarimana E, Bleyenheuft Y, Thonnard JL, Kossi O. Effect of mixed and collective physical activity in chronic stroke rehabilitation: A randomized cross-over trial in low-income settings. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2022; 66:101704. [PMID: 36115574 DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2022.101704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of physical inactivity after stroke is high and exercise training improves many outcomes. However, access to community training protocols is limited, especially in low-income settings. OBJECTIVE To investigate the feasibility and efficacy of a new intervention: Circuit walking, balance, cycling and strength training (CBCS) on activity of daily living (ADL) limitations, motor performance, and social participation restrictions in people after stroke. METHODS Forty-six community-dwelling individuals with chronic stroke who were no longer in conventional rehabilitation were randomized into an immediate CBCS group (IG; initially received CBCS training for 12 weeks in phase 1), and a delayed CBCS group (DG) that first participated in sociocultural activities for 12 weeks. In phase 2, participants crossed over so that the DG underwent CBCS and the IG performed sociocultural activities. The primary outcome was ADL limitations measured with the ACTIVLIM-Stroke scale. Secondary outcomes included motor performance (balance: Berg Balance Scale [BBS], global impairment: Stroke Impairment Assessment Set [SIAS] and mobility: 6-minute and 10-metre walk tests [6MWT and 10mWT] and psychosocial health [depression and participation]). Additional outcomes included feasibility (retention, adherence) and safety. RESULTS ADL capacity significantly improved pre to post CBCS training (ACTIVLIM-stroke, +3,4 logits, p < 0.001; effect size [ES] 0.87), balance (BBS, +21 points, p < 0.001; ES 0.9), impairments (SIAS, +11 points, p < 0.001; ES 0.9), and mobility (+145 m for 6MWT and +0.37 m/s for 10mWT; p < 0.001; ES 0.7 and 0.5 respectively). Similar improvements in psychosocial health occurred in both groups. Adherence and retention rates were 95% and 100%, respectively. CONCLUSION CBCS was feasible, safe and improved functional independence and motor abilities in individuals in the chronic stage of stroke. Participation in CBCS improved depression and social participation similarly to participation in sociocultural activities. The benefits persisted for at least 3 months after intervention completion. PROTOCOL REGISTRATION NUMBER PACTR202001714888482.
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Affiliation(s)
- Félix Nindorera
- MSL-IN Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience, Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; National Center of Reference in Physical Therapy and Medical Rehabilitation, University Hospital Roi-Khaled, Bujumbura, Burundi.
| | - Ildephonse Nduwimana
- MSL-IN Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience, Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; National Center of Reference in Physical Therapy and Medical Rehabilitation, University Hospital Roi-Khaled, Bujumbura, Burundi
| | - Alexis Sinzakaraye
- National Center of Reference in Physical Therapy and Medical Rehabilitation, University Hospital Roi-Khaled, Bujumbura, Burundi
| | - Eric Havyarimana
- National Center of Reference in Physical Therapy and Medical Rehabilitation, University Hospital Roi-Khaled, Bujumbura, Burundi
| | - Yannick Bleyenheuft
- MSL-IN Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience, Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Louis Thonnard
- MSL-IN Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience, Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Oyéné Kossi
- Service de Kinésithérapie et d'Appareillage Orthopédique, Hôpital Universitaire de Parakou, Parakou, Benin; ENATSE, Ecole Nationale de Santé Publique et d'Epidémiologie, Université de Parakou, Parakou, Benin
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Physical activity, motor performance and skill learning: a focus on primary motor cortex in healthy aging. Exp Brain Res 2021; 239:3431-3438. [PMID: 34499187 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-021-06218-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Participation in physical activity benefits brain health and function. Cognitive function generally demonstrates a noticeable effect of physical activity, but much less is known about areas responsible for controlling movement, such as primary motor cortex (M1). While more physical activity may support M1 plasticity in older adults, the neural mechanisms underlying this beneficial effect remain poorly understood. Aging is inevitably accompanied by diminished motor performance, and the extent of plasticity may also be less in older adults compared with young. Motor complications with aging may, perhaps unsurprisingly, contribute to reduced physical activity in older adults. While the development of non-invasive brain stimulation techniques have identified that human M1 is a crucial site for learning motor skills and recovery of motor function after injury, a considerable lack of knowledge remains about how physical activity impacts M1 with healthy aging. Reducing impaired neural activity in older adults may have important implications after neurological insult, such as stroke, which is more common with advancing age. Therefore, a better understanding about the effects of physical activity on M1 processes and motor learning in older adults may promote healthy aging, but also allow us to facilitate recovery of motor function after neurological injury. This article will initially provide a brief overview of the neurophysiology of M1 in the context of learning motor skills, with a focus on healthy aging in humans. This information will then be proceeded by a more detailed assessment that focuses on whether physical activity benefits motor function and human M1 processes.
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Mooney RA, Bastian AJ, Celnik PA. Training at asymptote stabilizes motor memories by reducing intracortical excitation. Cortex 2021; 143:47-56. [PMID: 34375797 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2021.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Learning similar motor skills in close succession is limited by interference, a phenomenon that takes place early after acquisition when motor memories are unstable. Interference can be bidirectional, as the first memory can be disrupted by the second (retrograde interference), or the second memory can be disrupted by the first (anterograde interference). The heightened plastic state of primary motor cortex after learning is thought to underlie interference, as unstable motor memories compete for neural resources. While time-dependent consolidation processes reduce interference, the passage of time (~6 h) required for memory stabilization limits our capacity to learn multiple motor skills at once. Here, we demonstrate in humans that prolonged training at asymptote of an initial motor skill reduces both retrograde and anterograde interference when a second motor skill is acquired in close succession. Neurophysiological assessments via transcranial magnetic stimulation reflect this online stabilization process. Specifically, excitatory neurotransmission in primary motor cortex increased after short training and decreased after prolonged training at performance asymptote. Of note, this reduction in intracortical excitation after prolonged training was proportional to better skill retention the following day. Importantly, these neurophysiological effects were not observed after motor practice without learning or after a temporal delay. Together, these findings indicate that prolonged training at asymptote improves the capacity to learn multiple motor skills in close succession, and that downregulation of excitatory neurotransmission in primary motor cortex may be a marker of online motor memory stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronan A Mooney
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Amy J Bastian
- Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Pablo A Celnik
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Age-related changes in motor cortex plasticity assessed with non-invasive brain stimulation: an update and new perspectives. Exp Brain Res 2021; 239:2661-2678. [PMID: 34269850 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-021-06163-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
It is commonly accepted that the brains capacity to change, known as plasticity, declines into old age. Recent studies have used a variety of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques to examine this age-related decline in plasticity in the primary motor cortex (M1), but the effects seem inconsistent and difficult to unravel. The purpose of this review is to provide an update on studies that have used different NIBS techniques to assess M1 plasticity with advancing age and offer some new perspective on NIBS strategies to boost plasticity in the ageing brain. We find that early studies show clear differences in M1 plasticity between young and older adults, but many recent studies with motor training show no decline in use-dependent M1 plasticity with age. For NIBS-induced plasticity in M1, some protocols show more convincing differences with advancing age than others. Therefore, our view from the NIBS literature is that it should not be automatically assumed that M1 plasticity declines with age. Instead, the effects of age are likely to depend on how M1 plasticity is measured, and the characteristics of the elderly population tested. We also suggest that NIBS performed concurrently with motor training is likely to be most effective at producing improvements in M1 plasticity and motor skill learning in older adults. Proposed NIBS techniques for future studies include combining multiple NIBS protocols in a co-stimulation approach, or NIBS strategies to modulate intracortical inhibitory mechanisms, in an effort to more effectively boost M1 plasticity and improve motor skill learning in older adults.
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Veldman MP, Maurits NM, Mantini D, Hortobágyi T. Age-dependent modulation of motor network connectivity for skill acquisition, consolidation and interlimb transfer after motor practice. Clin Neurophysiol 2021; 132:1790-1801. [PMID: 34130247 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2021.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Age-related differences in neural strategies for motor learning are not fully understood. We determined the effects of age on the relationship between motor network connectivity and motor skill acquisition, consolidation, and interlimb transfer using dynamic imaging of coherent sources. METHODS Healthy younger (n = 24, 18-24 y) and older (n = 24, 65-87 y) adults unilaterally practiced a visuomotor task and resting-state electroencephalographic data was acquired before and after practice as well as at retention. RESULTS The results showed that right-hand skill acquisition and consolidation did not differ between age groups. However, age affected the ability to transfer the newly acquired motor skill to the non-practiced limb. Moreover, strengthened left- and right-primary motor cortex-related beta connectivity was negatively and positively associated with right-hand skill acquisition and left-hand skill consolidation in older adults, respectively. CONCLUSION Age-dependent modulations of bilateral resting-state motor network connectivity indicate age-specific strategies for the acquisition, consolidation, and interlimb transfer of novel motor tasks. SIGNIFICANCE The present results provide insights into the mechanisms underlying motor learning that are important for the development of interventions for patients with unilateral injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Veldman
- KU Leuven, Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Leuven, Belgium; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Center for Human Movement Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands; KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), Leuven, Belgium.
| | - N M Maurits
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Neurology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - D Mantini
- KU Leuven, Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Leuven, Belgium; Brain Imaging and Neural Dynamics Research Group, IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, Venice, Italy
| | - T Hortobágyi
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Center for Human Movement Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands; Institute of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary; Somogy County Kaposi Mór Teaching Hospital, Kaposvár, Hungary
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French MA, Morton SM, Reisman DS. Use of explicit processes during a visually guided locomotor learning task predicts 24-h retention after stroke. J Neurophysiol 2021; 125:211-222. [PMID: 33174517 PMCID: PMC8087382 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00340.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Implicit and explicit processes can occur within a single locomotor learning task. The combination of these learning processes may impact how individuals acquire/retain the task. Because these learning processes rely on distinct neural pathways, neurological conditions may selectively impact the processes that occur, thus, impacting learning and retention. Thus, our purpose was to examine the contribution of implicit and explicit processes during a visually guided walking task and characterize the relationship between explicit processes and performance/retention in stroke survivors and age-matched healthy adults. Twenty chronic stroke survivors and twenty healthy adults participated in a 2-day treadmill study. Day 1 included baseline, acquisition1, catch, acquisition2, and immediate retention phases, and day 2 included 24-h retention. During acquisition phases, subjects learned to take a longer step with one leg through distorted visual feedback. During catch and retention phases, visual feedback was removed and subjects were instructed to walk normally (catch) or how they walked during the acquisition phases (retention). Change in step length from baseline to catch represented implicit processes. Change in step length from catch to the end of acquisition2 represented explicit processes. A mixed ANOVA found no difference in the type of learning between groups (P = 0.74). There was a significant relationship between explicit processes and 24-h retention in stroke survivors (r = 0.47, P = 0.04) but not in healthy adults (r = 0.34, P = 0.15). These results suggest that stroke may not affect the underlying learning mechanisms used during locomotor learning, but that these mechanisms impact how well stroke survivors retain the new walking pattern.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study found that stroke survivors used implicit and explicit processes similar to age-matched healthy adults during a visually guided locomotion learning task. The amount of explicit processes was related to how well stroke survivors retained the new walking pattern but not to how well they performed during the task. This work illustrates the importance of understanding the underlying learning mechanisms to maximize retention of a newly learned motor behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret A French
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware
- Biomechanics and Movement Science Program, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware
| | - Susanne M Morton
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware
- Biomechanics and Movement Science Program, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware
| | - Darcy S Reisman
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware
- Biomechanics and Movement Science Program, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware
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Mooney RA, Cirillo J, Stinear CM, Byblow WD. Neurophysiology of motor skill learning in chronic stroke. Clin Neurophysiol 2020; 131:791-798. [PMID: 32066097 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2019.12.410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Motor learning is relevant in chronic stroke for acquiring compensatory strategies to motor control deficits. However, the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying motor skill acquisition with the paretic upper limb have received little systematic investigation. The aim of this study was to assess the modulation of corticomotor excitability and intracortical inhibition within ipsilesional primary motor cortex (M1) during motor skill learning. METHODS Ten people at the chronic stage after stroke and twelve healthy controls trained on a sequential visuomotor isometric wrist extension task. Skill was quantified before, immediately after, 24 hours and 7 days post-training. Transcranial magnetic stimulation was used to examine corticomotor excitability and short- and long-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI and LICI) pre- and post-training. RESULTS The patient group exhibited successful skill acquisition and retention, although absolute skill level was lower compared with controls. In contrast to controls, patients' ipsilesional corticomotor excitability was not modulated during skill acquisition, which may be attributed to excessive ipsilesional LICI relative to controls. SICI decreased after training for both patient and control groups. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate distinct inhibitory networks within M1 that may be relevant for motor learning after stroke. SIGNIFICANCE These findings have potential clinical relevance for neurorehabilitation adjuvants aimed at augmenting the recovery of motor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronan A Mooney
- Movement Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Exercise Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - John Cirillo
- Movement Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Exercise Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Cathy M Stinear
- Department of Medicine, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Winston D Byblow
- Movement Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Exercise Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Centre for Brain Research, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
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9
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Mooney RA, Cirillo J, Byblow WD. Neurophysiological mechanisms underlying motor skill learning in young and older adults. Exp Brain Res 2019; 237:2331-2344. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-019-05599-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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10
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Opie GM, Hand BJ, Coxon JP, Ridding MC, Ziemann U, Semmler JG. Visuomotor task acquisition is reduced by priming paired associative stimulation in older adults. Neurobiol Aging 2019; 81:67-76. [PMID: 31247460 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation may represent an effective means for improving motor function in the elderly. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the effects of paired associative stimulation (PAS; a plasticity-inducing transcranial magnetic stimulation paradigm) on acquisition of a novel visuomotor task in young and older adults. Fourteen young (20.4 ± 0.6 years) and 13 older (69.0 ± 1.6 years) adults participated in 3 experimental sessions during which training was preceded (primed) by PAS. Within each session, the interstimulus interval used for PAS was set at either the N20 latency plus 5 ms (PASLTP), the N20 latency minus 10 ms (PASLTD), or a constant 100 ms (PASControl). After training, the level of motor skill was not different between PAS conditions in young subjects (all p-values > 0.2), but was reduced by both PASLTP (p = 0.02) and PASLTD (p = 0.0001) in older subjects. Consequently, priming PAS was detrimental to skill acquisition in older adults, possibly suggesting a need for interventions that are optimized for use in elderly populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- George M Opie
- Discipline of Physiology, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Adelaide Medical School and Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Brodie J Hand
- Discipline of Physiology, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - James P Coxon
- School of Psychological Sciences, Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael C Ridding
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Adelaide Medical School and Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Ulf Ziemann
- Department of Neurology and Stroke, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - John G Semmler
- Discipline of Physiology, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
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Rueda-Delgado LM, Heise KF, Daffertshofer A, Mantini D, Swinnen SP. Age-related differences in neural spectral power during motor learning. Neurobiol Aging 2019; 77:44-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2018.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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12
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Berghuis KMM, Fagioli S, Maurits NM, Zijdewind I, Marsman JBC, Hortobágyi T, Koch G, Bozzali M. Age-related changes in brain deactivation but not in activation after motor learning. Neuroimage 2018; 186:358-368. [PMID: 30439511 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
It is poorly understood how healthy aging affects neural mechanisms underlying motor learning. We used blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) contrasts to examine age-related changes in brain activation after acquisition and consolidation (24 h) of a visuomotor tracking skill. Additionally, structural magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging were used to examine age-related structural changes in the brain. Older adults had reduced gray matter volume (628 ± 57 ml) and mean white matter anisotropy (0.18 ± 0.03) compared with young adults (741 ± 59 ml and 0.22 ± 0.02, respectively). Although motor performance was 53% lower in older (n = 15, mean age 63.1 years) compared with young adults (n = 15, mean age 25.5 years), motor practice improved motor performance similarly in both age groups. While executing the task, older adults showed in general greater brain activation compared with young adults. BOLD activation decreased in parietal and occipital areas after skill acquisition but activation increased in these areas after consolidation in both age groups, indicating more efficient visuospatial processing immediately after skill acquisition. Changes in deactivation in specific areas were age-dependent after consolidating the motor skill into motor memory. Young adults showed greater deactivations from post-test to retention in parietal, occipital and temporal cortices, whereas older adults showed smaller deactivation in the frontal cortex. Since learning rate was similar between age groups, age-related changes in activation patterns may be interpreted as a compensatory mechanism for age-related structural decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M M Berghuis
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Center for Human Movement Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Neuroimaging Laboratory, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation Unit, Rome, Italy.
| | - S Fagioli
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Neuroimaging Laboratory, Rome, Italy; University of Roma Tre, Department of Education, Rome, Italy
| | - N M Maurits
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Neurology, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - I Zijdewind
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Neuroscience, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - J B C Marsman
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - T Hortobágyi
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Center for Human Movement Sciences, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - G Koch
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation Unit, Rome, Italy
| | - M Bozzali
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Neuroimaging Laboratory, Rome, Italy; University of Sussex, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Department of Neuroscience, Brighton, United Kingdom
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Centeno C, Medeiros D, Beck MM, Lugassy L, Gonzalez DF, Nepveu JF, Roig M. The effects of aging on cortico-spinal excitability and motor memory consolidation. Neurobiol Aging 2018; 70:254-264. [PMID: 30053741 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2018.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
We investigated whether cortico-spinal excitability (CSE), a marker of synaptic plasticity, is associated with age-related differences in the consolidation of motor memory. Young and older participants practiced a visuomotor tracking task. Skill retention was assessed 8 and 24 hours after motor practice. Transcranial magnetic stimulation applied over the primary motor cortex at rest and during an isometric muscle contraction was used to assess absolute and normalized to baseline CSE at different points after practice. When skill performance was normalized to baseline level, both groups showed similar gains in acquisition, but the young group showed better retention 24 hours after practice. The young group also showed greater absolute CSE assessed during the isometric muscle contraction. Although young participants with greater absolute CSE showed better skill retention, it was the capacity to increase CSE after motor practice, and not absolute CSE, what was associated with skill retention in older participants. Older adults who have the capacity to increase CSE during motor memory consolidation show a better capacity to retain motor skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Centeno
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Memory and Motor Rehabilitation Laboratory (MEMORY-LAB), Feil and Oberfeld Research Centre, Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital, Montreal Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation (CRIR), Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Diogo Medeiros
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Memory and Motor Rehabilitation Laboratory (MEMORY-LAB), Feil and Oberfeld Research Centre, Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital, Montreal Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation (CRIR), Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mikkel Malling Beck
- Memory and Motor Rehabilitation Laboratory (MEMORY-LAB), Feil and Oberfeld Research Centre, Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital, Montreal Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation (CRIR), Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Liav Lugassy
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Memory and Motor Rehabilitation Laboratory (MEMORY-LAB), Feil and Oberfeld Research Centre, Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital, Montreal Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation (CRIR), Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - David Fernandez Gonzalez
- Memory and Motor Rehabilitation Laboratory (MEMORY-LAB), Feil and Oberfeld Research Centre, Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital, Montreal Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation (CRIR), Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean Francois Nepveu
- Memory and Motor Rehabilitation Laboratory (MEMORY-LAB), Feil and Oberfeld Research Centre, Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital, Montreal Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation (CRIR), Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marc Roig
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Memory and Motor Rehabilitation Laboratory (MEMORY-LAB), Feil and Oberfeld Research Centre, Jewish Rehabilitation Hospital, Montreal Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation (CRIR), Laval, Quebec, Canada.
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Zivari Adab H, Chalavi S, Beets IAM, Gooijers J, Leunissen I, Cheval B, Collier Q, Sijbers J, Jeurissen B, Swinnen SP, Boisgontier MP. White matter microstructural organisation of interhemispheric pathways predicts different stages of bimanual coordination learning in young and older adults. Eur J Neurosci 2018; 47:446-459. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Zivari Adab
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group; Department of Movement Sciences; KU Leuven; Tervuurse Vest 101 Leuven Belgium
| | - Sima Chalavi
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group; Department of Movement Sciences; KU Leuven; Tervuurse Vest 101 Leuven Belgium
| | - Iseult A. M. Beets
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group; Department of Movement Sciences; KU Leuven; Tervuurse Vest 101 Leuven Belgium
- BrainCTR; Lilid bvba; Diest Belgium
| | - Jolien Gooijers
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group; Department of Movement Sciences; KU Leuven; Tervuurse Vest 101 Leuven Belgium
| | - Inge Leunissen
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group; Department of Movement Sciences; KU Leuven; Tervuurse Vest 101 Leuven Belgium
| | - Boris Cheval
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Rehabilitation and Geriatrics; University of Geneva; Geneva Switzerland
- Swiss NCCR “LIVES - Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives”; University of Geneva; Geneva Switzerland
| | | | - Jan Sijbers
- iMinds Vision Lab; University of Antwerp; Antwerp Belgium
| | - Ben Jeurissen
- iMinds Vision Lab; University of Antwerp; Antwerp Belgium
| | - Stephan P. Swinnen
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group; Department of Movement Sciences; KU Leuven; Tervuurse Vest 101 Leuven Belgium
| | - Matthieu P. Boisgontier
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group; Department of Movement Sciences; KU Leuven; Tervuurse Vest 101 Leuven Belgium
- Brain Behavior Laboratory; University of British Columbia; Vancouver BC Canada
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15
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Veldman M, Maurits N, Nijland M, Wolters N, Mizelle J, Hortobágyi T. Spectral and temporal electroencephalography measures reveal distinct neural networks for the acquisition, consolidation, and interlimb transfer of motor skills in healthy young adults. Clin Neurophysiol 2018; 129:419-430. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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16
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Somatosensory Electrical Stimulation Does Not Augment Motor Skill Acquisition and Intermanual Transfer in Healthy Young Adults-A Pilot Study. Motor Control 2018; 22:67-81. [PMID: 28338389 DOI: 10.1123/mc.2016-0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Sensory input can modify motor function and magnify interlimb transfer. We examined the effects of low-intensity somatosensory electrical stimulation (SES) on motor practice-induced skill acquisition and intermanual transfer. Participants practiced a visuomotor skill for 25 min and received SES to the practice or the transfer arm. Responses to single- and double-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation were measured in both extensor carpi radialis. SES did not further increase skill acquisition (motor practice with right hand [RMP]: 30.8% and motor practice with right hand + somatosensory electrical stimulation to the right arm [RMP + RSES]: 27.8%) and intermanual transfer (RMP: 13.6% and RMP + RSES: 9.8%) when delivered to the left arm (motor practice with right hand + somatosensory electrical stimulation to the left arm [RMP + LSES]: 44.8% and 18.6%, respectively). Furthermore, transcranial magnetic stimulation measures revealed no changes in either hand. Future studies should systematically manipulate SES parameters to better understand the mechanisms of how SES affords motor learning benefits documented but not studied in patients.
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17
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Carmeli E. Physical Therapy for Neurological Conditions in Geriatric Populations. Front Public Health 2017; 5:333. [PMID: 29270402 PMCID: PMC5725432 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2017.00333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
With more of the world’s population surviving longer, individuals often face age-related neurology disorders and decline of function that can affect lifestyle and well-being. Despite neurophysiological changes affecting the brain function and structure, the aged brain, in some degree, can learn and relearn due to neuroplasticity. Recent advances in rehabilitation techniques have produced better functional outcomes in age-related neurological conditions. Physical therapy (PT) of the elderly individual focuses in particular on sensory–motor impairments, postural control coordination, and prevention of sarcopenia. Geriatric PT has a significant influence on quality of life, independent living, and life expectancy. However, in many developed and developing countries, the profession of PT is underfunded and understaffed. This article provides a brief overview on (a) age-related disease of central nervous system and (b) the principles, approaches, and doctrines of motor skill learning and point out the most common treatment models that PTs use for neurological patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eli Carmeli
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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18
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Berghuis KM, Semmler JG, Opie GM, Post AK, Hortobágyi T. Age-related changes in corticospinal excitability and intracortical inhibition after upper extremity motor learning: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurobiol Aging 2017; 55:61-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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