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Italia M, Salvadè M, La Greca F, Zianni E, Pelucchi S, Spinola A, Ferrari E, Archetti S, Alberici A, Benussi A, Solje E, Haapasalo A, Hoffmann D, Katisko K, Krüger J, Facchinetti R, Scuderi C, Padovani A, DiLuca M, Scheggia D, Borroni B, Gardoni F. Anti-GluA3 autoantibodies define a new sub-population of frontotemporal lobar degeneration patients with distinct neuropathological features. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 118:380-397. [PMID: 38485064 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Autoantibodies directed against the GluA3 subunit (anti-GluA3 hIgGs) of AMPA receptors have been identified in 20%-25% of patients with frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). Data from patients and in vitro/ex vivo pre-clinical studies indicate that anti-GluA3 hIgGs negatively affect glutamatergic neurotransmission. However, whether and how the chronic presence of anti-GluA3 hIgGs triggers synaptic dysfunctions and the appearance of FTLD-related neuropathological and behavioural signature has not been clarified yet. To address this question, we developed and characterized a pre-clinical mouse model of passive immunization with anti-GluA3 hIgGs purified from patients. In parallel, we clinically compared FTLD patients who were positive for anti-GluA3 hIgGs to negative ones. Clinical data showed that the presence of anti-GluA3 hIgGs defined a subgroup of patients with distinct clinical features. In the preclinical model, anti-GluA3 hIgGs administration led to accumulation of phospho-tau in the postsynaptic fraction and dendritic spine loss in the prefrontal cortex. Remarkably, the preclinical model exhibited behavioural disturbances that mostly reflected the deficits proper of patients positive for anti-GluA3 hIgGs. Of note, anti-GluA3 hIgGs-mediated alterations were rescued in the animal model by enhancing glutamatergic neurotransmission with a positive allosteric modulator of AMPA receptors. Overall, our study clarified the contribution of anti-GluA3 autoantibodies to central nervous system symptoms and pathology and identified a specific subgroup of FTLD patients. Our findings will be instrumental in the development of a therapeutic personalised medicine strategy for patients positive for anti-GluA3 hIgGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Italia
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DiSFeB), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Salvadè
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DiSFeB), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo La Greca
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DiSFeB), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Zianni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DiSFeB), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Pelucchi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DiSFeB), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessio Spinola
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DiSFeB), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Ferrari
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DiSFeB), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvana Archetti
- Department of Laboratories, Central Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry Analysis. ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Antonella Alberici
- Neurology Unit, Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alberto Benussi
- Neurology Unit, Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Eino Solje
- Institute of Clinical Medicine - Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Neuro Center, Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Annakaisa Haapasalo
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Dorit Hoffmann
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kasper Katisko
- Institute of Clinical Medicine - Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Neuro Center, Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Johanna Krüger
- Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, Neurology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Neurocenter, Neurology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland; Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Roberta Facchinetti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Caterina Scuderi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Padovani
- Neurology Unit, Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Monica DiLuca
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DiSFeB), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Scheggia
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DiSFeB), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Borroni
- Neurology Unit, Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Gardoni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DiSFeB), University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
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Oberman LM, Benussi A. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Across the Lifespan: Impact of Developmental and Degenerative Processes. Biol Psychiatry 2024; 95:581-591. [PMID: 37517703 PMCID: PMC10823041 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has emerged as a pivotal noninvasive technique for investigating cortical excitability and plasticity across the lifespan, offering valuable insights into neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative processes. In this review, we explore the impact of TMS applications on our understanding of normal development, healthy aging, neurodevelopmental disorders, and adult-onset neurodegenerative diseases. By presenting key developmental milestones and age-related changes in TMS measures, we provide a foundation for understanding the maturation of neurotransmitter systems and the trajectory of cognitive functions throughout the lifespan. Building on this foundation, the paper delves into the pathophysiology of neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, Tourette syndrome, and adolescent depression. Highlighting recent findings on altered neurotransmitter circuits and dysfunctional cortical plasticity, we underscore the potential of TMS as a valuable tool for unraveling underlying mechanisms and informing future therapeutic interventions. We also review the emerging role of TMS in investigating and treating the most common adult-onset neurodegenerative disorders and late-onset depression. By outlining the therapeutic applications of noninvasive brain stimulation techniques in these disorders, we discuss the growing body of evidence supporting their use as therapeutic tools for symptom management and potentially slowing disease progression. The insights gained from TMS studies have advanced our understanding of the underlying mechanisms in both healthy and disease states, ultimately informing the development of more targeted diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for a wide range of neuropsychiatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay M Oberman
- National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Alberto Benussi
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
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3
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Imarisio A, Yahyavi I, Avenali M, Di Maio A, Buongarzone G, Galandra C, Picascia M, Filosa A, Gasparri C, Monti MC, Rondanelli M, Pacchetti C, Errico F, Valente EM, Usiello A. Blood D-serine levels correlate with aging and dopaminergic treatment in Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 192:106413. [PMID: 38253208 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
We recently described increased D- and L-serine concentrations in the striatum of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-treated monkeys, the post-mortem caudate-putamen of human Parkinson's disease (PD) brains and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of de novo living PD patients. However, data regarding blood D- and L-serine levels in PD are scarce. Here, we investigated whether the serum profile of D- and L-serine, as well as the other glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate ionotropic receptor (NMDAR)-related amino acids, (i) differs between PD patients and healthy controls (HC) and (ii) correlates with clinical-demographic features and levodopa equivalent daily dose (LEDD) in PD. Eighty-three consecutive PD patients and forty-one HC were enrolled. PD cohort underwent an extensive clinical characterization. Serum levels of D- and L-serine, L-glutamate, L-glutamine, L-aspartate, L-asparagine and glycine were determined using High Performance Liquid Chromatography. In age- and sex-adjusted analyses, no differences emerged in the serum levels of D-serine, L-serine and other NMDAR-related amino acids between PD and HC. However, we found that D-serine and D-/Total serine ratio positively correlated with age in PD but not in HC, and also with PD age at onset. Moreover, we found that higher LEDD correlated with lower levels of D-serine and the other excitatory amino acids. Following these results, the addition of LEDD as covariate in the analyses disclosed a selective significant increase of D-serine in PD compared to HC (Δ ≈ 38%). Overall, these findings suggest that serum D-serine and D-/Total serine may represent a valuable biochemical signature of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Imarisio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Neurogenetics Research Centre, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Isar Yahyavi
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100 Caserta, Italy; CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy
| | - Micol Avenali
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Anna Di Maio
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100 Caserta, Italy; CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriele Buongarzone
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Caterina Galandra
- Neurogenetics Research Centre, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Marta Picascia
- Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Asia Filosa
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Clara Gasparri
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona "Istituto Santa Margherita", University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Monti
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Mariangela Rondanelli
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Claudio Pacchetti
- Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco Errico
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy; Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Enza Maria Valente
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Neurogenetics Research Centre, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Usiello
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100 Caserta, Italy; CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy
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Garmendia JV, De Sanctis CV, Das V, Annadurai N, Hajduch M, De Sanctis JB. Inflammation, Autoimmunity and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Therapeutics and Beyond. Curr Neuropharmacol 2024; 22:1080-1109. [PMID: 37898823 PMCID: PMC10964103 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x22666231017141636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disease (ND) incidence has recently increased due to improved life expectancy. Alzheimer's (AD) or Parkinson's disease (PD) are the most prevalent NDs. Both diseases are poly genetic, multifactorial and heterogenous. Preventive medicine, a healthy diet, exercise, and controlling comorbidities may delay the onset. After the diseases are diagnosed, therapy is needed to slow progression. Recent studies show that local, peripheral and age-related inflammation accelerates NDs' onset and progression. Patients with autoimmune disorders like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) could be at higher risk of developing AD or PD. However, no increase in ND incidence has been reported if the patients are adequately diagnosed and treated. Autoantibodies against abnormal tau, β amyloid and α- synuclein have been encountered in AD and PD and may be protective. This discovery led to the proposal of immune-based therapies for AD and PD involving monoclonal antibodies, immunization/ vaccines, pro-inflammatory cytokine inhibition and anti-inflammatory cytokine addition. All the different approaches have been analysed here. Future perspectives on new therapeutic strategies for both disorders are concisely examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Valentina Garmendia
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, The Czech Republic
| | - Claudia Valentina De Sanctis
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, The Czech Republic
| | - Viswanath Das
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, The Czech Republic
- The Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (Catrin), Palacky University, Olomouc, The Czech Republic
| | - Narendran Annadurai
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, The Czech Republic
| | - Marián Hajduch
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, The Czech Republic
- The Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (Catrin), Palacky University, Olomouc, The Czech Republic
| | - Juan Bautista De Sanctis
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, The Czech Republic
- The Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (Catrin), Palacky University, Olomouc, The Czech Republic
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Menden K, Francescatto M, Nyima T, Blauwendraat C, Dhingra A, Castillo-Lizardo M, Fernandes N, Kaurani L, Kronenberg-Versteeg D, Atasu B, Sadikoglou E, Borroni B, Rodriguez-Nieto S, Simon-Sanchez J, Fischer A, Craig DW, Neumann M, Bonn S, Rizzu P, Heutink P. A multi-omics dataset for the analysis of frontotemporal dementia genetic subtypes. Sci Data 2023; 10:849. [PMID: 38040703 PMCID: PMC10692098 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02598-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is essential for the development of successful therapies. Systematic studies on human post-mortem brain tissue of patients with genetic subtypes of FTD are currently lacking. The Risk and Modyfing Factors of Frontotemporal Dementia (RiMod-FTD) consortium therefore has generated a multi-omics dataset for genetic subtypes of FTD to identify common and distinct molecular mechanisms disturbed in disease. Here, we present multi-omics datasets generated from the frontal lobe of post-mortem human brain tissue from patients with mutations in MAPT, GRN and C9orf72 and healthy controls. This data resource consists of four datasets generated with different technologies to capture the transcriptome by RNA-seq, small RNA-seq, CAGE-seq, and methylation profiling. We show concrete examples on how to use the resulting data and confirm current knowledge about FTD and identify new processes for further investigation. This extensive multi-omics dataset holds great value to reveal new research avenues for this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Menden
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Tenzin Nyima
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Cornelis Blauwendraat
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
- National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | - Lalit Kaurani
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Deborah Kronenberg-Versteeg
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Burcu Atasu
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Barbara Borroni
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Javier Simon-Sanchez
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
- Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andre Fischer
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Manuela Neumann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Bonn
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
- Institute of Medical Systems Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Patrizia Rizzu
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Heutink
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany.
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Mimura Y, Tobari Y, Nakahara K, Nakajima S, Yoshida K, Mimura M, Noda Y. Transcranial magnetic stimulation neurophysiology in patients with non-Alzheimer's neurodegenerative diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 155:105451. [PMID: 37926239 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Non-Alzheimer's dementia (NAD) accounts for 30% of all neurodegenerative conditions and is characterized by cognitive decline beyond mere memory dysfunction. Diagnosing NAD remains challenging due to the lack of established biomarkers. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive neurophysiological tool that enables the investigation of cortical excitability in the human brain. Paired-pulse TMS paradigms include short- and long-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI/LICI), intracortical facilitation (ICF), and short-latency afferent inhibition (SAI), which can assess neurophysiological functions of GABAergic, glutamatergic, and cholinergic neural circuits, respectively. We conducted the first systematic review and meta-analysis to compare these TMS indices among patients with NAD and healthy controls. Our meta-analyses indicated that TMS neurophysiological examinations revealed decreased glutamatergic function in patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and decreased GABAergic function in patients with FTD, progressive supranuclear palsy, Huntington's disease, cortico-basal syndrome, and multiple system atrophy-parkinsonian type. In addition, decreased cholinergic function was found in dementia with Lewy body and vascular dementia. These results suggest the potential of TMS as an additional diagnostic tool to differentiate NAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Mimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yui Tobari
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuho Nakahara
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Nakajima
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kazunari Yoshida
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Pharmacogenetics Research Clinic, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Azrieli Adult Neurodevelopmental Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Masaru Mimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Noda
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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Olivero G, Roggeri A, Pittaluga A. Anti-NMDA and Anti-AMPA Receptor Antibodies in Central Disorders: Preclinical Approaches to Assess Their Pathological Role and Translatability to Clinic. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14905. [PMID: 37834353 PMCID: PMC10573896 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoantibodies against NMDA and AMPA receptors have been identified in the central nervous system of patients suffering from brain disorders characterized by neurological and psychiatric symptoms. It has been demonstrated that these autoantibodies can affect the functions and/or the expression of the targeted receptors, altering synaptic communication. The importance to clarify, in preclinical models, the molecular mechanisms involved in the autoantibody-mediated effects has emerged in order to understand their pathogenic role in central disorders, but also to propose new therapeutic approaches for preventing the deleterious central consequences. In this review, we describe some of the available preclinical literature concerning the impact of antibodies recognizing NMDA and AMPA receptors in neurons. This review discusses the cellular events that would support the detrimental roles of the autoantibodies, also illustrating some contrasting findings that in our opinion deserve attention and further investigations before translating the preclinical observations to clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guendalina Olivero
- Department of Pharmacy (DiFar), University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genoa, Italy; (G.O.); (A.R.)
| | - Alessandra Roggeri
- Department of Pharmacy (DiFar), University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genoa, Italy; (G.O.); (A.R.)
| | - Anna Pittaluga
- Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, 3Rs Center, Department of Pharmacy (DiFar), University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16145 Genoa, Italy
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Sun HD, Peng FH, Hsiao SM, Wang PH. A small mature cystic ovarian teratoma associated with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis and acute respiratory failure: A case report. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2023; 62:765-768. [PMID: 37679011 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2023.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report a rare case of anti-N-Methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis (anti-NMDARE) presented by mental and behavioral changes and seizures accompanied with respiratory failure. CASE REPORT A 37-year-old multiparous woman was initially presented with abnormal mental behavior and the diagnosis of schizophrenia was made, but the disease progressed rapidly to general convulsion and acute respiratory failure. Although active treatment, including steroids, intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIGs) and plasma exchange was applied, no significant improvement was obtained. Transvaginal ultrasound and pelvic magnetic resonance image (MRI) were arranged and the results showed a suspicious cystic lesion (3 × 2.3 cm) at the right ovary. Laparoscopic unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was performed and final pathology reported a matured cystic teratoma, suggesting that this patient had anti-NMDARE secondary to ovarian mature teratoma. After surgery, the clinical condition was dramatically improved and she recovered completely without sequelae. CONCLUSION Although it is well-known about the relation between anti-NMDARE and ovarian mature teratoma, this small tumor may result in the missing diagnosis. Remind us to consider the possibility of any small ovarian cystic lesion-related anti-NMDARE in women with autoimmune encephalitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsu-Dong Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Ban Ciao, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Fu-Hsiang Peng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Ban Ciao, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Mou Hsiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Ban Ciao, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Peng-Hui Wang
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Female Cancer Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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9
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Benussi A, Borroni B. Advances in the treatment and management of frontotemporal dementia. Expert Rev Neurother 2023; 23:621-639. [PMID: 37357688 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2023.2228491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by a wide range of pathological conditions associated with the buildup of proteins such as tau and TDP-43. With a strong hereditary component, FTD often results from genetic variants in three genes - MAPT, GRN, and C9orf72. AREAS COVERED In this review, the authors explore abnormal protein accumulation in FTD and forthcoming treatments, providing a detailed analysis of new diagnostic advancements, including innovative markers. They analyze how these discoveries have influenced therapeutic strategies, particularly disease-modifying treatments, which could potentially transform FTD management. This comprehensive exploration of FTD from its molecular underpinnings to its therapeutic prospects offers a compelling overview of the current state of FTD research. EXPERT OPINION Notable challenges in FTD management involve identifying reliable biomarkers for early diagnosis and response monitoring. Genetic forms of FTD, particularly those linked to C9orf72 and GRN, show promise, with targeted therapies resulting in substantial progress in disease-modifying strategies. The potential of neuromodulation techniques, like tDCS and rTMS, is being explored, requiring further study. Ongoing trials and multi-disciplinary care highlight the continued push toward effective FTD treatments. With increasing understanding of FTD's molecular and clinical intricacies, the hope for developing effective interventions grows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Benussi
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Neurology Unit, Department of Neurological and Vision Sciences, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Barbara Borroni
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Neurology Unit, Department of Neurological and Vision Sciences, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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Di Maio A, Nuzzo T, Gilio L, Serra M, Buttari F, Errico F, De Rosa A, Bassi MS, Morelli M, Sasabe J, Sulzer D, Carta M, Centonze D, Usiello A. Homeostasis of serine enantiomers is disrupted in the post-mortem caudate putamen and cerebrospinal fluid of living Parkinson's disease patients. Neurobiol Dis 2023:106203. [PMID: 37336364 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
L-serine generated in astrocytes plays a pivotal role in modulating essential neurometabolic processes, while its enantiomer, D-serine, specifically regulates NMDA receptor (NMDAR) signalling. Despite their physiological relevance in modulating cerebral activity, serine enantiomers metabolism in Parkinson's disease (PD) remains elusive. Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), we measured D- and L-serine levels along with other amino acids known to modulate NMDAR function, such as L-glutamate, L-aspartate, D-aspartate, and glycine, in the post-mortem caudate putamen (CPu) and superior frontal gyrus (SFG) of PD patients. Moreover, we examined these amino acids in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of de novo living PD, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients versus subjects with other neurological disorders (OND), used as control. We found higher D-serine and L-serine levels in the CPu of PD patients but not in the SFG, a cerebral region that, in contrast to the CPu, is not innervated by nigral dopaminergic terminals. We also highlighted a significant elevation of both serine enantiomers in the CSF samples from PD but not in those of AD and ALS patients, compared with control subjects. By contrast, none or only minor changes were found in the amount of other neuroactive amino acids mentioned above. Our findings identify D-serine and L-serine level upregulation as a biochemical signature associated with nigrostriatal dopaminergic degeneration in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Di Maio
- Laboratory of Translational Neuroscience, Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy; Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Tommaso Nuzzo
- Laboratory of Translational Neuroscience, Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy; Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Luana Gilio
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), Italy; Faculty of Psychology, Uninettuno Telematic International University, Rome, Italy; Laboratory of Translational Neuroscience, Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy
| | - Marcello Serra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Fabio Buttari
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
| | - Francesco Errico
- Laboratory of Translational Neuroscience, Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy; Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Portici, Italy
| | - Arianna De Rosa
- Laboratory of Translational Neuroscience, Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy; Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | | | - Micaela Morelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy; National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Neuroscience, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Jumpei Sasabe
- Department of Pharmacology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - David Sulzer
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, Pharmacology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Manolo Carta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Diego Centonze
- Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (IS), Italy; Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Usiello
- Laboratory of Translational Neuroscience, Ceinge Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy; Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.
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11
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Vucic S, Stanley Chen KH, Kiernan MC, Hallett M, Benninger DH, Di Lazzaro V, Rossini PM, Benussi A, Berardelli A, Currà A, Krieg SM, Lefaucheur JP, Long Lo Y, Macdonell RA, Massimini M, Rosanova M, Picht T, Stinear CM, Paulus W, Ugawa Y, Ziemann U, Chen R. Clinical diagnostic utility of transcranial magnetic stimulation in neurological disorders. Updated report of an IFCN committee. Clin Neurophysiol 2023; 150:131-175. [PMID: 37068329 PMCID: PMC10192339 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2023.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
The review provides a comprehensive update (previous report: Chen R, Cros D, Curra A, Di Lazzaro V, Lefaucheur JP, Magistris MR, et al. The clinical diagnostic utility of transcranial magnetic stimulation: report of an IFCN committee. Clin Neurophysiol 2008;119(3):504-32) on clinical diagnostic utility of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in neurological diseases. Most TMS measures rely on stimulation of motor cortex and recording of motor evoked potentials. Paired-pulse TMS techniques, incorporating conventional amplitude-based and threshold tracking, have established clinical utility in neurodegenerative, movement, episodic (epilepsy, migraines), chronic pain and functional diseases. Cortical hyperexcitability has emerged as a diagnostic aid in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Single-pulse TMS measures are of utility in stroke, and myelopathy even in the absence of radiological changes. Short-latency afferent inhibition, related to central cholinergic transmission, is reduced in Alzheimer's disease. The triple stimulation technique (TST) may enhance diagnostic utility of conventional TMS measures to detect upper motor neuron involvement. The recording of motor evoked potentials can be used to perform functional mapping of the motor cortex or in preoperative assessment of eloquent brain regions before surgical resection of brain tumors. TMS exhibits utility in assessing lumbosacral/cervical nerve root function, especially in demyelinating neuropathies, and may be of utility in localizing the site of facial nerve palsies. TMS measures also have high sensitivity in detecting subclinical corticospinal lesions in multiple sclerosis. Abnormalities in central motor conduction time or TST correlate with motor impairment and disability in MS. Cerebellar stimulation may detect lesions in the cerebellum or cerebello-dentato-thalamo-motor cortical pathways. Combining TMS with electroencephalography, provides a novel method to measure parameters altered in neurological disorders, including cortical excitability, effective connectivity, and response complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Vucic
- Brain, Nerve Research Center, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Kai-Hsiang Stanley Chen
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Matthew C Kiernan
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney; and Department of Neurology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Australia
| | - Mark Hallett
- Human Motor Control Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - David H Benninger
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Switzerland
| | - Vincenzo Di Lazzaro
- Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology, Department of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo M Rossini
- Department of Neurosci & Neurorehab IRCCS San Raffaele-Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Benussi
- Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alfredo Berardelli
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli; Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Currà
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Alfredo Fiorini Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Terracina, LT, Italy
| | - Sandro M Krieg
- Department of Neurosurgery, Technical University Munich, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Jean-Pascal Lefaucheur
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, EA4391, ENT, Créteil, France; Clinical Neurophysiology Unit, Henri Mondor Hospital, AP-HP, Créteil, France
| | - Yew Long Lo
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, and Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | | | - Marcello Massimini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Rosanova
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Thomas Picht
- Department of Neurosurgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Cluster of Excellence: "Matters of Activity. Image Space Material," Humboldt University, Berlin Simulation and Training Center (BeST), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Cathy M Stinear
- Department of Medicine Waipapa Taumata Rau, University of Auckland, Auckland, Aotearoa, New Zealand
| | - Walter Paulus
- Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Yoshikazu Ugawa
- Department of Human Neurophysiology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Japan
| | - Ulf Ziemann
- Department of Neurology and Stroke, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076, Tübingen, Germany; Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 27, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robert Chen
- Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital-UHN, Division of Neurology-University of Toronto, Toronto Canada
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12
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Sun Y, Zhang L, Liu P, Peng G. Autoimmunity and Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration: From Laboratory Study to Clinical Practice. Clin Interv Aging 2023; 18:495-503. [PMID: 37008802 PMCID: PMC10065017 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s394286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) is a group of neurodegenerative diseases with heterogenous clinical, genetic, and pathological characteristics that show similar impairment of areas in the frontal and/or temporal lobes. Prime doctors' lack of awareness of this complex disease makes early identification and accurate intervention difficult. Autoimmune diseases and autoantibodies are manifestations of different levels of autoimmune reactions. This review presents research findings examining the relationship between autoimmunity and FTLD in terms of autoimmune diseases and autoantibodies with a focus on identifying potential diagnosis and treatment approaches. The findings indicate that the same or similar pathophysiological mechanisms may exist from clinical, genetic, and pathological perspectives. However, the existing evidence is not sufficient to extract substantial conclusions. On the basis of the current situation, we propose future research patterns using prospective studies on large populations and combined clinical and experimental research. Autoimmune reactions or, more generally, inflammatory reactions should receive increased attention from doctors and scientists of all disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Sun
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lumi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoping Peng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Guoping Peng, Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, #79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13588150613, Email
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13
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Chakraborty P, Dey A, Gopalakrishnan AV, Swati K, Ojha S, Prakash A, Kumar D, Ambasta RK, Jha NK, Jha SK, Dewanjee S. Glutamatergic neurotransmission: A potential pharmacotherapeutic target for the treatment of cognitive disorders. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 85:101838. [PMID: 36610558 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In the mammalian brain, glutamate is regarded to be the primary excitatory neurotransmitter due to its widespread distribution and wide range of metabolic functions. Glutamate plays key roles in regulating neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, neurite outgrowth, and neuron survival in the brain. Ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors, neurotransmitters, neurotensin, neurosteroids, and others co-ordinately formulate a complex glutamatergic network in the brain that maintains optimal excitatory neurotransmission. Cognitive activities are potentially synchronized by the glutamatergic activities in the brain via restoring synaptic plasticity. Dysfunctional glutamate receptors and other glutamatergic components are responsible for the aberrant glutamatergic activity in the brain that cause cognitive impairments, loss of synaptic plasticity, and neuronal damage. Thus, controlling the brain's glutamatergic transmission and modifying glutamate receptor function could be a potential therapeutic strategy for cognitive disorders. Certain drugs that regulate glutamate receptor activities have shown therapeutic promise in improving cognitive functions in preclinical and clinical studies. However, several issues regarding precise functional information of glutamatergic activity are yet to be comprehensively understood. The present article discusses the scope of developing glutamatergic systems as prospective pharmacotherapeutic targets to treat cognitive disorders. Special attention has been given to recent developments, challenges, and future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratik Chakraborty
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Kumari Swati
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar, India
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anand Prakash
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar, India
| | - Dhruv Kumar
- School of Health Sciences & Technology, UPES University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India
| | - Rashmi K Ambasta
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University (Formerly DCE), Delhi 110042, India
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, UP, India; School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India.
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, UP, India; Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, India; Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India.
| | - Saikat Dewanjee
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India.
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14
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Anti-AMPA Receptor Autoantibodies Reduce Excitatory Currents in Rat Hippocampal Neurons. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16010077. [PMID: 36678574 PMCID: PMC9864520 DOI: 10.3390/ph16010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The GluR3 subunit of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors (AMPARs) has been identified as a target for autoantibodies (Aabs) in autoimmune encephalopathy and other diseases. Recent studies have proposed mechanisms by which these Aabs act, but their exact role in neuronal excitability is yet to be established. Patient Aabs have been shown to bind to specific regions within the GluR3 subunit. GLUR3B peptides were designed based on described (ELISA) immunogenic epitopes for Aabs and an immunisation strategy was used to generate novel anti-AMPAR Aabs. Target-specific binding and specificity of affinity-purified anti-AMPAR Aabs was confirmed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunocytochemistry and Western blot. Functional anti-AMPAR Aab effects were determined on excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) from primary hippocampal neurons using whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology. Acute (10 or 30 min) or longer-term (24 h) application of anti-AMPAR Aabs caused a significant reduction in the mean frequency of spontaneous and miniature EPSCs in hippocampal neurons. Our data demonstrate that anti-AMPAR Aabs targeting peptides linked to auto-immune diseases mediate inhibitory effects on neuronal excitability at the synaptic level, such effects may lead to disruption of the excitatory/inhibitory balance at a network level.
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15
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Ghaffari LT, Trotti D, Haeusler AR, Jensen BK. Breakdown of the central synapses in C9orf72-linked ALS/FTD. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:1005112. [PMID: 36187344 PMCID: PMC9523884 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1005112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive, fatal neurodegenerative disease that leads to the death of motor and cortical neurons. The clinical manifestations of ALS are heterogenous, and efficacious treatments to significantly slow the progression of the disease are lacking. Cortical hyper-excitability is observed pre-symptomatically across disease-causative genetic variants, as well as in the early stages of sporadic ALS, and typically precedes motor neuron involvement and overt neurodegeneration. The causes of cortical hyper-excitability are not yet fully understood but is mainly agreed to be an early event. The identification of the nucleotide repeat expansion (GGGGCC)n in the C9ORF72 gene has provided evidence that ALS and another neurodegenerative disease, frontotemporal dementia (FTD), are part of a disease spectrum with common genetic origins. ALS and FTD are diseases in which synaptic dysfunction is reported throughout disease onset and stages of progression. It has become apparent that ALS/FTD-causative genes, such as C9ORF72, may have roles in maintaining the normal physiology of the synapse, as mutations in these genes often manifest in synaptic dysfunction. Here we review the dysfunctions of the central nervous system synapses associated with the nucleotide repeat expansion in C9ORF72 observed in patients, organismal, and cellular models of ALS and FTD.
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16
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Lombardo B, Pagani M, De Rosa A, Nunziato M, Migliarini S, Garofalo M, Terrile M, D’Argenio V, Galbusera A, Nuzzo T, Ranieri A, Vitale A, Leggiero E, Di Maio A, Barsotti N, Borello U, Napolitano F, Mandarino A, Carotenuto M, Heresco-Levy U, Pasqualetti M, Malatesta P, Gozzi A, Errico F, Salvatore F, Pastore L, Usiello A. D-aspartate oxidase gene duplication induces social recognition memory deficit in mice and intellectual disabilities in humans. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:305. [PMID: 35915065 PMCID: PMC9343392 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02088-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The D-aspartate oxidase (DDO) gene encodes the enzyme responsible for the catabolism of D-aspartate, an atypical amino acid enriched in the mammalian brain and acting as an endogenous NMDA receptor agonist. Considering the key role of NMDA receptors in neurodevelopmental disorders, recent findings suggest a link between D-aspartate dysmetabolism and schizophrenia. To clarify the role of D-aspartate on brain development and functioning, we used a mouse model with constitutive Ddo overexpression and D-aspartate depletion. In these mice, we found reduced number of BrdU-positive dorsal pallium neurons during corticogenesis, and decreased cortical and striatal gray matter volume at adulthood. Brain abnormalities were associated with social recognition memory deficit at juvenile phase, suggesting that early D-aspartate occurrence influences neurodevelopmental related phenotypes. We corroborated this hypothesis by reporting the first clinical case of a young patient with severe intellectual disability, thought disorders and autism spectrum disorder symptomatology, harboring a duplication of a chromosome 6 region, including the entire DDO gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Lombardo
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XCEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy ,grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XDipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Pagani
- grid.25786.3e0000 0004 1764 2907Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 38068 Rovereto, Italy
| | - Arianna De Rosa
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XCEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Marcella Nunziato
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XCEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy ,grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XDipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Sara Migliarini
- grid.5395.a0000 0004 1757 3729Unità di Biologia Cellulare e dello Sviluppo, Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Martina Garofalo
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XCEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy ,grid.9841.40000 0001 2200 8888Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Caserta, Italy
| | - Marta Terrile
- grid.5606.50000 0001 2151 3065Dipartimento di Oncologia, Biologia e Genetica, Università di Genova, 16132 Genoa, Italy ,grid.496862.70000 0004 0544 6263Present Address: Novartis Ireland ltd, D04A9N6 Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Valeria D’Argenio
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XCEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy ,Dipartimento di Promozione delle Scienze Umane e della Qualità della Vita, Università San Raffaele, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Galbusera
- grid.25786.3e0000 0004 1764 2907Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 38068 Rovereto, Italy
| | - Tommaso Nuzzo
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XCEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy ,grid.9841.40000 0001 2200 8888Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Caserta, Italy
| | - Annaluisa Ranieri
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XCEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy ,grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XDipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Vitale
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XCEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy ,grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XDipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Eleonora Leggiero
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XCEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Di Maio
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XCEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Noemi Barsotti
- grid.5395.a0000 0004 1757 3729Unità di Biologia Cellulare e dello Sviluppo, Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Ugo Borello
- grid.5395.a0000 0004 1757 3729Unità di Biologia Cellulare e dello Sviluppo, Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Napolitano
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XCEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy ,grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Mandarino
- grid.9841.40000 0001 2200 8888Clinic of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Department of Mental Health, Physical and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80100 Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Carotenuto
- grid.9841.40000 0001 2200 8888Clinic of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Department of Mental Health, Physical and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80100 Naples, Italy
| | - Uriel Heresco-Levy
- grid.414060.70000 0004 0470 6676Research and Psychiatry Departments, Ezrath Nashim-Herzog Memorial Hospital, 9190501 Jerusalem, Israel ,grid.9619.70000 0004 1937 0538Hadassah Medical School, Hebrew University, 9190501 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Massimo Pasqualetti
- grid.25786.3e0000 0004 1764 2907Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 38068 Rovereto, Italy ,grid.5395.a0000 0004 1757 3729Unità di Biologia Cellulare e dello Sviluppo, Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Paolo Malatesta
- grid.5606.50000 0001 2151 3065Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università di Genova, 16132 Genoa, Italy ,grid.410345.70000 0004 1756 7871Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gozzi
- grid.25786.3e0000 0004 1764 2907Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 38068 Rovereto, Italy
| | - Francesco Errico
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XCEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy ,grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XDepartment of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Francesco Salvatore
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145, Naples, Italy. .,Centro Interuniversitario per Malattie Multigeniche e Multifattoriali e loro modelli animali (Federico II, 80131, Naples; Tor Vergata, Rome and "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara), Naples, Italy.
| | - Lucio Pastore
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145, Naples, Italy. .,Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Usiello
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145, Naples, Italy. .,Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche e Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.
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Benussi A, Libri I, Premi E, Alberici A, Cantoni V, Gadola Y, Rivolta J, Pengo M, Gazzina S, Calhoun VD, Gasparotti R, Zetterberg H, Ashton NJ, Blennow K, Padovani A, Borroni B. Differences and similarities between familial and sporadic frontotemporal dementia: An Italian single-center cohort study. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (NEW YORK, N. Y.) 2022; 8:e12326. [PMID: 35898667 PMCID: PMC9310192 DOI: 10.1002/trc2.12326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Introduction The possibility to generalize our understandings on treatments and assessments to both familial frontotemporal dementia (f-FTD) and sporadic FTD (s-FTD) is a fundamental perspective for the near future, considering the constant advancement in potential disease-modifying therapies that target particular genetic forms of FTD. We aimed to investigate differences in clinical features, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and blood-based biomarkers between f-FTD and s-FTD. Methods In this longitudinal cohort study, we evaluated a consecutive sample of symptomatic FTD patients, classified as f-FTD and s-FTD according to Goldman scores (GS). All patients underwent clinical, behavioral, and neuropsychiatric symptom assessment, CSF biomarkers and serum neurofilament light (NfL) analysis, and brain atrophy evaluation with magnetic resonance imaging. Results Of 570 patients with FTD, 123 were classified as f-FTD, and 447 as s-FTD. In the f-FTD group, 95 had a pathogenic FTD mutation while 28 were classified as GS = 1 or 2; of the s-FTD group, 133 were classified as GS = 3 and 314 with GS = 4. f-FTD and s-FTD cases showed comparable demographic features, except for younger age at disease onset, age at diagnosis, and higher years of education in the f-FTD group (all P < .05). f-FTD showed worse behavioral disturbances as measured with Frontal Behavioral Inventory (FBI) negative behaviors (14.0 ± 7.6 vs. 11.6 ± 7.4, P = .002), and positive behaviors (20.0 ± 11.0 vs. 17.4 ± 11.8, P = .031). Serum NfL concentrations were higher in patients with f-FTD (70.9 ± 37.9 pg/mL) compared to s-FTD patients (37.3 ± 24.2 pg/mL, P < .001), and f-FTD showed greater brain atrophy in the frontal and temporal regions and basal ganglia. Patients with f-FTD had significantly shorter survival than those with s-FTD (P = .004). Discussion f-FTD and s-FTD are very similar clinical entities, but with different biological mechanisms, and different rates of progression. The parallel characterization of both f-FTD and s-FTD will improve our understanding of the disease, and aid in designing future clinical trials for both genetic and sporadic forms of FTD. Highlights Do clinical features and biomarkers differ between patients with familial frontotemporal dementia (f-FTD) and sporadic FTD (s-FTD)?In this cohort study of 570 patients with FTD, f-FTD and s-FTD share similar demographic features, but with younger age at disease onset and diagnosis in the f-FTD group.f-FTD showed higher serum neurofilament light concentrations, greater brain damage, and shorter survival, compared to s-FTD.f-FTD and s-FTD are very similar clinical entities, but with different cognitive reserve mechanisms and different rates of progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Benussi
- Neurology UnitDepartment of Clinical and Experimental SciencesUniversity of BresciaBresciaItaly
- Neurology UnitDepartment of Neurological and Vision SciencesASST Spedali CiviliBresciaItaly
| | - Ilenia Libri
- Neurology UnitDepartment of Clinical and Experimental SciencesUniversity of BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Enrico Premi
- Stroke UnitDepartment of Neurological and Vision SciencesASST Spedali CiviliBresciaItaly
| | - Antonella Alberici
- Neurology UnitDepartment of Neurological and Vision SciencesASST Spedali CiviliBresciaItaly
| | - Valentina Cantoni
- Neurology UnitDepartment of Clinical and Experimental SciencesUniversity of BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Yasmine Gadola
- Neurology UnitDepartment of Clinical and Experimental SciencesUniversity of BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Jasmine Rivolta
- Neurology UnitDepartment of Clinical and Experimental SciencesUniversity of BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Marta Pengo
- Department of Molecular and Translational MedicineUniversity of BresciaBresciaItaly
| | - Stefano Gazzina
- Neurophysiology UnitDepartment of Neurological and Vision SciencesASST Spedali CiviliBresciaItaly
| | - Vince D. Calhoun
- The Mind Research NetworkDepartment of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNew MexicoUSA
| | | | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Institute of Neuroscience and PhysiologyDepartment of Psychiatry and NeurochemistryThe Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of GothenburgMölndalSweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry LaboratorySahlgrenska University HospitalMölndalSweden
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCLLondonUK
- Department of Neurodegenerative DiseaseUCL Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesHong KongChina
| | - Nicholas J. Ashton
- Institute of Neuroscience and PhysiologyDepartment of Psychiatry and NeurochemistryThe Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of GothenburgMölndalSweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational MedicineUniversity of GothenburgMölndalSweden
- King's College LondonInstitute of PsychiatryPsychology & NeuroscienceMaurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience InstituteLondonUK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health & Biomedical Research Unit for Dementia at South London & Maudsley NHS FoundationLondonUK
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Institute of Neuroscience and PhysiologyDepartment of Psychiatry and NeurochemistryThe Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of GothenburgMölndalSweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry LaboratorySahlgrenska University HospitalMölndalSweden
| | - Alessandro Padovani
- Neurology UnitDepartment of Clinical and Experimental SciencesUniversity of BresciaBresciaItaly
- Neurology UnitDepartment of Neurological and Vision SciencesASST Spedali CiviliBresciaItaly
| | - Barbara Borroni
- Neurology UnitDepartment of Clinical and Experimental SciencesUniversity of BresciaBresciaItaly
- Neurology UnitDepartment of Neurological and Vision SciencesASST Spedali CiviliBresciaItaly
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18
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Hansen N, Stöcker W, Wiltfang J, Bartels C, Rentzsch K, Bouter C. Case Report: Semantic Variant of Primary Progressive Aphasia Associated With Anti-Glial Fibrillary Acid Protein Autoantibodies. Front Immunol 2022; 12:760021. [PMID: 35046935 PMCID: PMC8761624 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.760021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Frontotemporal lobar degeneration is a heterogeneous disorder entailing a semantic variant of primary progressive aphasia (svPPA). A subtype of frontotemporal dementia associated with glutamate receptor subunit 3 (GluA3) antibody of the α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) was recently identified. Here, we describe the novelty of a svPPA associated with anti-glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) antibodies. Methods To diagnose this 68-year-old woman we conducted a clinical examination, neuropsychological testing, CSF analysis, MRI and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) Positron Emission Tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) imaging. Results The clinical phenotype corresponds to a svPPA based on impaired confrontation naming and single-word comprehension. In addition, we observed spared speech production, impaired object knowledge, and surface dyslexia - further supporting the diagnosis of svPPA. Additional characteristic imaging features such as anterior temporal hypometabolism in 18F-FDG PET/CT confirmed patient’s svPPA diagnosis. CSF analysis revealed signs of axonal degeneration, as both tau and phosphorylated tau proteins exceeded normal levels. Her serum showed anti-GFAP autoantibodies. Conclusion We diagnosed a svPPA in this patient and report an association between serum anti-GFAP antibodies and svPPA never reported in the literature so far, thereby expanding the clinical spectrum of svPPA and anti-GFAP-antibody related disease. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying immunopathology of this disease entity to ultimately improve treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Hansen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | | | - Jens Wiltfang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Goettingen, Germany.,Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Claudia Bartels
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | | | - Caroline Bouter
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Göttingen, Goettingen, Germany
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19
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Luo Y, Li J, Jiang F, Tan A, Qin X, Xiao X, Wang Z, Wang P, Yi Y, Li J, Yuan S, Liu L, Xiao J. Autoimmune Encephalitis With Psychotic Manifestations and Cognitive Impairment Presenting as Schizophrenia: Case Report and Literature Review. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:827138. [PMID: 35237195 PMCID: PMC8882583 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.827138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune encephalitis is characterized by mental and behavioral symptoms, seizures, and cognitive impairment. The presence of schizophrenia needs to be distinguished from that of autoimmune encephalitis. Herein, we describe the case of a woman who exhibited abnormal mental behavior and cognitive impairment. The patient had experienced similar symptoms more than 20 years previously and had been diagnosed with schizophrenia. The patient's psychotic symptoms improved after treatment with antipsychotic drugs; however, cognitive impairment persisted. She was diagnosed with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-receptor concurrent with anti-α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-receptor encephalitis. She showed improvement after treatment with steroids and intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIgs). Furthermore, we reviewed the literature and found that, including the present case, 10 patients have been diagnosed with anti-NMDA concurrent with anti-AMPA-receptor encephalitis. Three of these patients were men and seven were women, and their ages ranged from 21 to 71 years. Moreover, seven (70%) patients had a history of tumors. Symptoms of these patients included psychotic symptoms, varying degrees of consciousness disturbance, seizures, dyskinesia, dystonia, autonomic dysfunction, agitation, and verbal reduction. Brain magnetic resonance imaging findings showed scattered fluid-attenuated inversion recovery hyperintensity in subcortical white matter and/or medial temporal lobe in seven (70%) patients. After combination treatment, including tumor removal and administration of steroids, IVIg, plasma exchange, or immunity inhibitors, the symptoms improved in part of the patients. It is necessary to exclude autoimmune encephalitis for patients with psychiatric manifestations and cognitive impairment. Timely combination therapy is important in anti-NMDA-receptor concurrent with anti-AMPA-receptor encephalitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Luo
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Jieying Li
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Fugui Jiang
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Arui Tan
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohong Qin
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Xiao
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Zuxing Wang
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Peijia Wang
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Yi
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Juan Li
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuai Yuan
- The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
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20
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Italia M, Ferrari E, Di Luca M, Gardoni F. GluA3-containing AMPA receptors: From physiology to synaptic dysfunction in brain disorders. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 161:105539. [PMID: 34743951 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In the mammalian brain, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-type glutamate receptors (AMPARs) play a fundamental role in the activation of excitatory synaptic transmission and the induction of different forms of synaptic plasticity. The modulation of the AMPAR tetramer subunit composition at synapses defines the functional properties of the receptor. During the last twenty years, several studies have evaluated the roles played by each subunit, from GluA1 to GluA4, in both physiological and pathological conditions. Here, we have focused our attention on GluA3-containing AMPARs, addressing their functional role in synaptic transmission and synaptic plasticity and their involvement in a variety of brain disorders. Although several aspects remain to be fully understood, GluA3 is a widely expressed and functionally relevant subunit in AMPARs involved in several brain circuits, and its pharmacological modulation could represent a novel approach for the rescue of altered glutamatergic synapses associated with neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Italia
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DiSFeB), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Ferrari
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DiSFeB), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Di Luca
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DiSFeB), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Gardoni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DiSFeB), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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21
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Di Lazzaro V, Bella R, Benussi A, Bologna M, Borroni B, Capone F, Chen KHS, Chen R, Chistyakov AV, Classen J, Kiernan MC, Koch G, Lanza G, Lefaucheur JP, Matsumoto H, Nguyen JP, Orth M, Pascual-Leone A, Rektorova I, Simko P, Taylor JP, Tremblay S, Ugawa Y, Dubbioso R, Ranieri F. Diagnostic contribution and therapeutic perspectives of transcranial magnetic stimulation in dementia. Clin Neurophysiol 2021; 132:2568-2607. [PMID: 34482205 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2021.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a powerful tool to probe in vivo brain circuits, as it allows to assess several cortical properties such asexcitability, plasticity and connectivity in humans. In the last 20 years, TMS has been applied to patients with dementia, enabling the identification of potential markers of thepathophysiology and predictors of cognitive decline; moreover, applied repetitively, TMS holds promise as a potential therapeutic intervention. The objective of this paper is to present a comprehensive review of studies that have employed TMS in dementia and to discuss potential clinical applications, from the diagnosis to the treatment. To provide a technical and theoretical framework, we first present an overview of the basic physiological mechanisms of the application of TMS to assess cortical excitability, excitation and inhibition balance, mechanisms of plasticity and cortico-cortical connectivity in the human brain. We then review the insights gained by TMS techniques into the pathophysiology and predictors of progression and response to treatment in dementias, including Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related dementias and secondary dementias. We show that while a single TMS measure offers low specificity, the use of a panel of measures and/or neurophysiological index can support the clinical diagnosis and predict progression. In the last part of the article, we discuss the therapeutic uses of TMS. So far, only repetitive TMS (rTMS) over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and multisite rTMS associated with cognitive training have been shown to be, respectively, possibly (Level C of evidence) and probably (Level B of evidence) effective to improve cognition, apathy, memory, and language in AD patients, especially at a mild/early stage of the disease. The clinical use of this type of treatment warrants the combination of brain imaging techniques and/or electrophysiological tools to elucidate neurobiological effects of neurostimulation and to optimally tailor rTMS treatment protocols in individual patients or specific patient subgroups with dementia or mild cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Di Lazzaro
- Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology, Department of Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy.
| | - Rita Bella
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, Section of Neurosciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Alberto Benussi
- Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Matteo Bologna
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Barbara Borroni
- Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Fioravante Capone
- Unit of Neurology, Neurophysiology, Neurobiology, Department of Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Kai-Hsiang S Chen
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Robert Chen
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Division of Brain, Imaging& Behaviour, Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Joseph Classen
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig University Medical Center, Germany
| | - Matthew C Kiernan
- Department of Neurology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Giacomo Koch
- Non Invasive Brain Stimulation Unit/Department of Behavioral and Clinical Neurology, Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lanza
- Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy; Department of Neurology IC, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy
| | - Jean-Pascal Lefaucheur
- ENT Team, EA4391, Faculty of Medicine, Paris Est Créteil University, Créteil, France; Clinical Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Henri Mondor Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Créteil, France
| | | | - Jean-Paul Nguyen
- Pain Center, clinique Bretéché, groupe ELSAN, Multidisciplinary Pain, Palliative and Supportive care Center, UIC 22/CAT2 and Laboratoire de Thérapeutique (EA3826), University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Michael Orth
- University Hospital of Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Swiss Huntington's Disease Centre, Siloah, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alvaro Pascual-Leone
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Center for Memory Health, Hebrew SeniorLife, USA; Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Guttmann Brain Health Institute, Universitat Autonoma Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irena Rektorova
- Applied Neuroscience Research Group, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University (CEITEC MU), Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Neurology, St. Anne's University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Patrik Simko
- Applied Neuroscience Research Group, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University (CEITEC MU), Brno, Czech Republic; Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - John-Paul Taylor
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sara Tremblay
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, ON, Canada; Royal Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Yoshikazu Ugawa
- Department of Human Neurophysiology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Raffaele Dubbioso
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Federico Ranieri
- Unit of Neurology, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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22
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GluA3 autoantibodies induce alterations in dendritic spine and behavior in mice. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 97:89-101. [PMID: 34246733 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoantibodies targeting the GluA3 subunit of AMPA receptors (AMPARs) have been found in patients with Rasmussen's encephalitis and different types of epilepsy and were associated with the presence of learning and attention deficits. Our group recently identified the presence of anti-GluA3 immunoglobulin G (IgG) in about 25% of patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD), thus suggesting a novel pathogenetic role also in chronic neurodegenerative diseases. However, the in vivo behavioral, molecular and morphological effects induced these antibodies are still unexplored. We injected anti-GluA3 IgG purified from the serum of FTD patients, or control IgG, in mice by intracerebroventricular infusion. Biochemical analyses showed a reduction of synaptic levels of GluA3-containing AMPARs in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), and not in the hippocampus. Accordingly, animals injected with anti-GluA3 IgG showed significant changes in recognition memory and impairments in social behavior and in social cognitive functions. As visualized by confocal imaging, functional outcomes were paralleled by profound alterations of dendritic spine morphology in the PFC. All observed behavioral, molecular and morphological alterations were transient and not detected 10-14 days from anti-GluA3 IgG injection. Overall, our in vivo preclinical data provide novel insights into autoimmune encephalitis associated with anti-GluA3 IgG and indicate an additional pathological mechanism affecting the excitatory synapses in FTD patients carrying anti-GluA3 IgG that could contribute to clinical symptoms.
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23
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Bright F, Katzeff JS, Hodges JR, Piguet O, Kril JJ, Halliday GM, Kim WS. Glycoprotein Pathways Altered in Frontotemporal Dementia With Autoimmune Disease. Front Immunol 2021; 12:736260. [PMID: 34539672 PMCID: PMC8440893 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.736260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) is a younger onset form of neurodegeneration initiated in the frontal and/or temporal lobes with a slow clinical onset but rapid progression. bvFTD is highly complex biologically with different pathological signatures and genetic variants that can exhibit a spectrum of overlapping clinical manifestations. Although the role of innate immunity has been extensively investigated in bvFTD, the involvement of adaptive immunity in bvFTD pathogenesis is poorly understood. We analyzed blood serum proteomics to identify proteins that are associated with autoimmune disease in bvFTD. Eleven proteins (increased: ATP5B, CALML5, COLEC11, FCGBP, PLEK, PLXND1; decreased: APOB, ATP8B1, FAM20C, LOXL3, TIMD4) were significantly altered in bvFTD with autoimmune disease compared to those without autoimmune disease. The majority of these proteins were enriched for glycoprotein-associated proteins and pathways, suggesting that the glycome is targeted in bvFTD with autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Bright
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jared S Katzeff
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - John R Hodges
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Olivier Piguet
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jillian J Kril
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Glenda M Halliday
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Woojin Scott Kim
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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24
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Hansen N. Current Nosology of Neural Autoantibody-Associated Dementia. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:711195. [PMID: 34393763 PMCID: PMC8355817 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.711195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The detection of neural autoantibodies in patients with cognitive decline is an increasingly frequent phenomenon in memory clinics, and demanding as it does a specific diagnostic approach and therapeutic management, it deserves greater attention. It is this review’s aim to present the latest nosology of neural autoantibody-associated dementia. Methods A specific literature research via PubMed was conducted to describe the nosology of neural autoantibody-associated dementia. Results An autoimmune dementia comprises with an early onset, atypical clinical presentation and rapid progression in conjunction with neural antibodies, signs of inflammation in the cerebrospinal fluid, and a non-neurodegenerative pattern in neuroimaging. An autoimmune dementia is probably present if the patient responds to immunotherapy. Atypical dementia involving neural autoantibodies with mostly N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibodies might not fulfill all the autoimmune-dementia criteria, thus it may constitute an independent disease entity. Finally, a neurodegenerative dementia such as the frontotemporal type also coincides with neural autoantibodies such as the subunit ionotropic glutamate receptors 3 of amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor antibodies, dementia with Lewy bodies with myelin oligodendrocytic protein, myelin basic protein antibodies, or Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease with Zic4 or voltage gated potassium channel antibodies. These dementia entities may well overlap in their clinical features and biomarkers, i.e., their neural autoantibodies or neuroimaging patterns. Conclusion There are three main forms of neural autoantibody-associated dementia we can distinguish that might also share certain features in their clinical and laboratory presentation. More research is urgently necessary to improve the diagnosis and therapy of these patients, as the progression of their dementia might thus be improved or even reversed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Hansen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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25
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Giunta M, Solje E, Gardoni F, Borroni B, Benussi A. Experimental Disease-Modifying Agents for Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration. J Exp Pharmacol 2021; 13:359-376. [PMID: 33790662 PMCID: PMC8005747 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s262352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Frontotemporal dementia is a clinically, genetically and pathologically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder, enclosing a wide range of different pathological entities, associated with the accumulation of proteins such as tau and TPD-43. Characterized by a high hereditability, mutations in three main genes, MAPT, GRN and C9orf72, can drive the neurodegenerative process. The connection between different genes and proteinopathies through specific mechanisms has shed light on the pathophysiology of the disease, leading to the identification of potential pharmacological targets. New experimental strategies are emerging, in both preclinical and clinical settings, which focus on small molecules rather than gene therapy. In this review, we provide an insight into the aberrant mechanisms leading to FTLD-related proteinopathies and discuss recent therapies with the potential to ameliorate neurodegeneration and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Giunta
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Eino Solje
- Institute of Clinical Medicine - Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Fabrizio Gardoni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Borroni
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alberto Benussi
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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Hansen N, Malchow B, Zerr I, Stöcker W, Wiltfang J, Timäus C. Neural cell-surface and intracellular autoantibodies in patients with cognitive impairment from a memory clinic cohort. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2021; 128:357-369. [PMID: 33677623 PMCID: PMC7969694 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-021-02316-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Autoantibody-associated cognitive impairment is an expanding field in geriatric psychiatry. We aim to assess the association between the presence of specific neural autoantibodies and cognitive performance in a memory clinic cohort. 154 patients with cognitive impairment were included between 2019 and 2020 presenting initially in a memory clinic. We evaluated their patient files retrospectively applying epidemiologic parameters, psychopathology, neuropsychology, intracellular and membrane-surface autoantibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and markers of neurodegeneration in CSF. In 26 of 154 patients, we searched for neural autoantibodies due to indicators for autoimmunity. In 15/26 (58%) of patients we detected serum and/or CSF autoantibodies. We identified autoantibodies against intracellular or cell-surface antigens in 7 of all 26 (27%) patients with cognitive dysfunction, although we cannot exclude patients with potential specific autoantibodies lacking autoimmune indicators. There were no significant differences between psychopathological and neuropsychological profiles in groups of patients with cognitive impairment comprising patients with autoantibodies (ABS + COG), no autoantibodies (ABS - COG), and Alzheimer's disease (ADCOG). Concerning our CSF parameters, we detected intrathecal IgG synthesis in 14% of ABS + COG and in 13% of ABS - COG patients, whereas no intrathecal IgG synthesis was found in ADCOG patients. Furthermore, CSF Aß42 was significantly diminished in the ADCOG compared to the ABS + COG group (p < 0.05). In addition, the Aß42/40 ratio was lower in ADCOG patients than in the ABS + COG or ABS - COG group (p < 0.05). Our findings reveal the underestimated occurrence and autoantibodies' potential role in patients presenting cognitive impairment. Furthermore, the patients with possible Alzheimer's disease might be differentiated from autoantibody-positive patients via a reduced Aß42 and Aß42/40 ratio in the CSF. The antibody-type varies between patients to a relevant degree, thus demonstrating the need for more research to identify subgroup-specific phenotypes. These pilot study results open an avenue for improving diagnosis and treatment in a memory clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Hansen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of Göttingen, University of Goettingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075, Goettingen, Germany.
| | - Berend Malchow
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of Göttingen, University of Goettingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Inga Zerr
- Department of Neurology, University of Goettingen, Robert-Koch Str. 40, 37075, Goettingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Von-Siebold-Str. 3a, 37075, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Winfried Stöcker
- Euroimmun Reference Laboratory, Seekamp 31, 23650, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of Göttingen, University of Goettingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075, Goettingen, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Von-Siebold-Str. 3a, 37075, Goettingen, Germany
- Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Charles Timäus
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of Göttingen, University of Goettingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075, Goettingen, Germany
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Cisani F, Olivero G, Usai C, Van Camp G, Maccari S, Morley-Fletcher S, Pittaluga AM. Antibodies Against the NH 2-Terminus of the GluA Subunits Affect the AMPA-Evoked Releasing Activity: The Role of Complement. Front Immunol 2021; 12:586521. [PMID: 33717067 PMCID: PMC7952438 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.586521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibodies recognizing the amino-terminal domain of receptor subunit proteins modify the receptor efficiency to controlling transmitter release in isolated nerve endings (e.g., synaptosomes) indirectly confirming their presence in these particles but also allowing to speculate on their subunit composition. Western blot analysis and confocal microscopy unveiled the presence of the GluA1, GluA2, GluA3, and GluA4 receptor subunits in cortical synaptosomes. Functional studies confirmed the presence of presynaptic release-regulating AMPA autoreceptors in these terminals, whose activation releases [3H]D-aspartate ([3H]D-Asp, here used as a marker of glutamate) in a NBQX-dependent manner. The AMPA autoreceptors traffic in a constitutive manner, since entrapping synaptosomes with the pep2-SVKI peptide (which interferes with the GluA2-GRIP1/PICK1 interaction) amplified the AMPA-evoked releasing activity, while the inactive pep2-SVKE peptide was devoid of activity. Incubation of synaptosomes with antibodies recognizing the NH2 terminus of the GluA2 and the GluA3 subunits increased, although to a different extent, the GluA2 and 3 densities in synaptosomal membranes, also amplifying the AMPA-evoked glutamate release in a NBQX-dependent fashion. We then analyzed the releasing activity of complement (1:300) from both treated and untreated synaptosomes and found that the complement-induced overflow occurred in a DL-t-BOA-sensitive, NBQX-insensitive fashion. We hypothesized that anti-GluA/GluA complexes in neuronal membranes could trigger the classic pathway of activation of the complement, modifying its releasing activity. Accordingly, the complement-evoked release of [3H]D-Asp from antiGluA2 and anti-GluA3 antibody treated synaptosomes was significantly increased when compared to untreated terminals and facilitation was prevented by omitting the C1q component of the immunocomplex. Antibodies recognizing the NH2 terminus of the GluA1 or the GluA4 subunits failed to affect both the AMPA and the complement-evoked tritium overflow. Our results suggest the presence of GluA2/GluA3-containing release-regulating AMPA autoreceptors in cortical synaptosomes. Incubation of synaptosomes with commercial anti-GluA2 or anti-GluA3 antibodies amplifies the AMPA-evoked exocytosis of glutamate through a complement-independent pathway, involving an excessive insertion of AMPA autoreceptors in plasma membranes but also affects the complement-dependent releasing activity, by promoting the classic pathway of activation of the immunocomplex. Both events could be relevant to the development of autoimmune diseases typified by an overproduction of anti-GluA subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Cisani
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, Department of Pharmacy, DIFAR, Genoa, Italy
| | - Guendalina Olivero
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, Department of Pharmacy, DIFAR, Genoa, Italy
| | - Cesare Usai
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, Genoa, Italy
| | - Gilles Van Camp
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
- International Associated Laboratory (LIA), “Prenatal Stress and Neurodegenerative Diseases”, University of Lille – CNRS, UGSF UMR 8576/Sapienza University of Rome and IRCCS Neuromed, Lille, France
| | - Stefania Maccari
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
- International Associated Laboratory (LIA), “Prenatal Stress and Neurodegenerative Diseases”, University of Lille – CNRS, UGSF UMR 8576/Sapienza University of Rome and IRCCS Neuromed, Lille, France
- Department of Science and Medical - Surgical Biotechnology, University Sapienza of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Morley-Fletcher
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
- International Associated Laboratory (LIA), “Prenatal Stress and Neurodegenerative Diseases”, University of Lille – CNRS, UGSF UMR 8576/Sapienza University of Rome and IRCCS Neuromed, Lille, France
| | - Anna Maria Pittaluga
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, Department of Pharmacy, DIFAR, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS San Martino Hospital, Genova, Italy
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High performance liquid chromatography determination of L-glutamate, L-glutamine and glycine content in brain, cerebrospinal fluid and blood serum of patients affected by Alzheimer's disease. Amino Acids 2021; 53:435-449. [PMID: 33616735 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-021-02943-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Altered glutamatergic neurotransmission is thought to play a crucial role in the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Accordingly, the identification of peculiar biochemical patterns reflecting AD-related synaptopathy in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) could have relevant diagnostic and prognostic implications. In this study, we measured by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography the amount of glutamate, glutamine and glycine in post-mortem brain samples of AD patients, as well as in CSF and blood serum of drug-free subjects encompassing the whole AD clinical spectrum (pre-clinical AD, n = 18, mild cognitive impairment-AD, n = 29, dementia AD, n = 30). Interestingly, we found that glutamate and glycine levels, as well as total tau protein content, were significantly reduced in the superior frontal gyrus of patients with AD, compared with non-demented controls. No significant change was also found in glutamate, glutamine and glycine CSF concentrations between AD patients and neurological controls. Remarkably, serum glutamate levels were significantly higher in patients affected by early AD phases compared to controls, and were negatively correlated with CSF total tau levels. Conversely, serum glutamine concentration was significantly increased in AD patients, with a negative correlation with MMSE performances. Finally, we reported a significant correlation between serum L-glutamate concentrations and CDR score in female but not in male cohort of AD subjects. Overall, our results suggest that serum glutamate and glutamine levels in AD patients could vary across disease stages, potentially reflecting the progressive alteration of glutamatergic signaling during neurodegenerative processes.
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NMDA and AMPA Receptor Autoantibodies in Brain Disorders: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Features. Cells 2021; 10:cells10010077. [PMID: 33466431 PMCID: PMC7824909 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of autoimmunity in central nervous system (CNS) disorders is rapidly expanding. In the last twenty years, different types of autoantibodies targeting subunits of ionotropic glutamate receptors have been found in a variety of patients affected by brain disorders. Several of these antibodies are directed against NMDA receptors (NMDAR), mostly in autoimmune encephalitis, whereas a growing field of research has identified antibodies against AMPA receptor (AMPAR) subunits in patients with different types of epilepsy or frontotemporal dementia. Several in vitro and in vivo studies performed in the last decade have dramatically improved our understanding of the molecular and functional effects induced by both NMDAR and AMPAR autoantibodies at the excitatory glutamatergic synapse and, consequently, their possible role in the onset of clinical symptoms. In particular, the method by which autoantibodies can modulate the localization at synapses of specific target subunits leading to functional impairments and behavioral alterations has been well addressed in animal studies. Overall, these preclinical studies have opened new avenues for the development of novel pharmacological treatments specifically targeting the synaptic activation of ionotropic glutamate receptors.
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30
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Nuzzo T, Miroballo M, Casamassa A, Mancini A, Gaetani L, Nisticò R, Eusebi P, Katane M, Homma H, Calabresi P, Errico F, Parnetti L, Usiello A. Cerebrospinal fluid and serum d-serine concentrations are unaltered across the whole clinical spectrum of Alzheimer's disease. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2020; 1868:140537. [PMID: 32896673 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2020.140537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) relies on the presence of amyloidosis and tauopathy, as reflected in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), independently from the clinical stage. Recently, CSF d-serine has been proposed as a possible new AD biomarker, reflecting dysfunctional activation of neuronal glutamatergic N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR). In this study, we measured blood serum and CSF concentration of two NMDAR modulators, such as d-serine and d-aspartate, in a cohort of drug-free subjects encompassing the whole AD clinical spectrum. In addition, we also analyzed d-serine levels in a cohort of post-mortem AD and control cortex samples. We reported unaltered serum and CSF concentrations of d-serine and d-aspartate in AD patients both during the AD progression and compared to non-demented controls. Accordingly, no correlation was detected between serum or CSF d-serine content and mini-mental state examination or Clinical Dementia Rating. Similarly, cortical d-serine levels were also unaltered in post-mortem samples of AD patients. Overall, our results failed to confirm previous findings indicating the CSF d-serine as a novel biomarker for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Nuzzo
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy; CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
| | - Mattia Miroballo
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Mancini
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Gaetani
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy
| | - Robert Nisticò
- School of Pharmacy, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Pharmacology of synaptic Plasticity Lab, European Brain Research Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Eusebi
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy
| | - Masumi Katane
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Homma
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Paolo Calabresi
- Neurologia, Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Errico
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Portici, Italy
| | - Lucilla Parnetti
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Usiello
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy; CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy.
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Neurotransmitter imbalance dysregulates brain dynamic fluidity in frontotemporal degeneration. Neurobiol Aging 2020; 94:176-184. [PMID: 32629312 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2020.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Frontotemporal degeneration (FTD) is characterized by reduced global brain flexibility along with GABAergic/glutamatergic neurotransmitter deficits. We aimed to assess the relationship between dynamical properties of time-varying whole-brain network connectivity as well as static large-scale networks and neurotransmitter imbalance using resting-state functional MRI and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in sixty-six patients with FTD. We assessed GABAergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission by TMS, considering short- and long-interval intracortical inhibition and intracortical facilitation, and large-scale networks connectivity as well as four indexes of meta-state dynamic fluidity: (1) number of distinct meta-states, (2) number of switches from one meta-state to another, (3) span of the realized meta-states, and (4) total distance traveled in the state space. No significant correlations between TMS parameters and large-scale networks connectivity were observed. However, we observed a significant correlation between short-interval intracortical inhibition-intracortical facilitation and four meta-states (all indexes p < 0.02, false discovery rate-corrected). This study suggests that neurotransmitter imbalance dysregulates brain dynamic fluidity, linking microscopic and macroscopic changes in FTD.
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