The brain dynamics of visuospatial perspective-taking captured by intracranial EEG

Neural Dynamics of Visual Stream Interactions During Memory-Guided Actions Investigated by Intracranial EEG

The dorsal and ventral visual streams have been considered to play distinct roles in visual processing for action: the dorsal stream is assumed to support real-time actions, while the ventral stream facilitates memory-guided actions. However, recent evidence suggests a more integrated function of these streams. We investigated the neural dynamics and functional connectivity between them during memory-guided actions using intracranial EEG. We tracked neural activity in the inferior parietal lobule in the dorsal stream, and the ventral temporal cortex in the ventral stream as well as the hippocampus during a delayed action task involving object identity and location memory. We found increased alpha power in both streams during the delay, indicating their role in maintaining spatial visual information. In addition, we recorded increased alpha power in the hippocampus during the delay, but only when both object identity and location needed to be remembered. We also recorded an increase in theta band phase synchronization between the inferior parietal lobule and ventral temporal cortex and between the inferior parietal lobule and hippocampus during the encoding and delay. Granger causality analysis indicated dynamic and frequency-specific directional interactions among the inferior parietal lobule, ventral temporal cortex, and hippocampus that varied across task phases. Our study provides unique electrophysiological evidence for close interactions between dorsal and ventral streams, supporting an integrated processing model in which both streams contribute to memory-guided actions.

Emotional Valence, Interdependence, and Job Autonomy as Predictors of Creativity Through Perspective-Taking: An Integrative Model

This study examines the underexplored intersection of emotional valence and perspective-taking in workplace creativity, and how job characteristics like interdependence and autonomy moderate these relationships. Participants (N = 307; 41% women) recruited through Amazon's Mechanical Turk platform and employed across various U.S. companies completed an experimental study where they were randomly assigned to recall either positive or negative workplace relationships. Through this manipulation, the participants identified specific colleagues with whom they had direct working experience and reported their emotional valence toward these relationships before completing questionnaires on perspective-taking, creativity, autonomy, and interdependence. Integrating emotional valence and perspective-taking into a moderated mediation model yielded insights into how these variables shape creativity within organizations. The findings demonstrate that positive emotional states significantly enhance creativity through perspective-taking, especially in environments that promote collaboration and independent decision-making. This research broadens workplace dynamics by illuminating the roles of emotional and contextual factors in fostering creativity. It provides practical implications for organizations, recommending positive emotional climates and roles that balance interdependence with autonomy to maximize employee creativity. This study's comprehensive approach provides a holistic understanding of conditions that foster creativity in organizational environments, expanding on existing frameworks.

Antagonistic behavior of brain networks mediated by low-frequency oscillations: electrophysiological dynamics during internal-external attention switching

Antagonistic activity of brain networks likely plays a fundamental role in how the brain optimizes its performance by efficient allocation of computational resources. A prominent example involves externally/internally oriented attention tasks, implicating two anticorrelated, intrinsic brain networks: the default mode network (DMN) and the dorsal attention network (DAN). To elucidate electrophysiological underpinnings and causal interplay during attention switching, we recorded intracranial EEG (iEEG) from 25 epilepsy patients with electrode contacts localized in the DMN and DAN. We show antagonistic network dynamics of activation-related changes in high-frequency (> 50 Hz) and low-frequency (< 30 Hz) power. The temporal profile of information flow between the networks estimated by functional connectivity suggests that the activated network inhibits the other one, gating its activity by increasing the amplitude of the low-frequency oscillations. Insights about inter-network communication may have profound implications for various brain disorders in which these dynamics are compromised.

BGOA-TVG: Binary Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm with Time-Varying Gaussian Transfer Functions for Feature Selection

Feature selection aims to select crucial features to improve classification accuracy in machine learning and data mining. In this paper, a new binary grasshopper optimization algorithm using time-varying Gaussian transfer functions (BGOA-TVG) is proposed for feature selection. Compared with the traditional S-shaped and V-shaped transfer functions, the proposed Gaussian time-varying transfer functions have the characteristics of a fast convergence speed and a strong global search capability to convert a continuous search space to a binary one. The BGOA-TVG is tested and compared to S-shaped and V-shaped binary grasshopper optimization algorithms and five state-of-the-art swarm intelligence algorithms for feature selection. The experimental results show that the BGOA-TVG has better performance in UCI, DEAP, and EPILEPSY datasets for feature selection.