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Deng X, Chen X, Li Y, Zhang B, Xu W, Wang J, Zang Y, Dong Q, Chen C, Li J. Online and offline effects of parietal 10 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on working memory in healthy controls. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e26636. [PMID: 38488458 PMCID: PMC10941606 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Parietal alpha activity shows a specific pattern of phasic changes during working memory. It decreases during the encoding and recall phases but increases during the maintenance phase. This study tested whether online rTMS delivered to the parietal cortex during the maintenance phase of a working memory task would increase alpha activity and hence improve working memory. Then, 46 healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to two groups to receive 3-day parietal 10 Hz online rTMS (either real or sham, 3600 pulses in total) that were time-locked to the maintenance phase of a spatial span task (180 trials in total). Behavioral performance on another spatial span task and EEG signals during a change detection task were recorded on the day before the first rTMS (pretest) and the day after the last rTMS (posttest). We found that rTMS improved performance on both online and offline spatial span tasks. For the offline change detection task, rTMS enhanced alpha activity within the maintenance phase and improved interference control of working memory at both behavioral (K score) and neural (contralateral delay activity) levels. These results suggested that rTMS with alpha frequency time-locked to the maintenance phase is a promising way to boost working memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinping Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain ResearchBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingP.R. China
| | - Xiongying Chen
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders & the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Beijing Anding Hospital, School of Mental HealthCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain ResearchBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingP.R. China
| | - Bofan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain ResearchBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingP.R. China
| | - Wending Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain ResearchBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingP.R. China
| | - Jue Wang
- Institute of Sports Medicine and HealthChengdu Sport UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yu‐Feng Zang
- Institute of Psychological SciencesHangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhouChina
- Center for Cognition and Brain DisordersHangzhou Normal University Affiliated HospitalHangzhouChina
| | - Qi Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain ResearchBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingP.R. China
| | - Chuansheng Chen
- Department of Psychological ScienceUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain ResearchBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingP.R. China
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2
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Chen S, Wang T, Bao Y. Serial dependence in timing at the perceptual level being modulated by working memory. Psych J 2023; 12:774-786. [PMID: 37528541 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Recent experiences bias the perception of following stimuli, as has been verified in various kinds of experiments in visual perception. This phenomenon, known as serial dependence, may reflect mechanisms to maintain perceptual stability. In the current study, we examined several key properties of serial dependence in temporal perception. Firstly, we examined the source of the serial dependence effect in temporal perception. We found that perception without motor reproduction is sufficient to induce the sequential effect; motor reproduction caused a stronger effect and is achieved by biasing the perception of the future target duration rather than directly influencing the subsequent movement. Secondly, we ask how working memory influences serial dependence in a temporal reproduction task. By varying the delay time between standard duration and the reproduction, we showed that the strength of serial dependence is enhanced as the delay increased. Those features of serial dependence are consistent with what has been observed in visual perceptual tasks, for example, orientation perception or location perception. The similarities between the visual and the timing tasks may suggest a similar neural coding mechanism of magnitude between the visual stimuli and the duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Chen
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tianhe Wang
- Department of Psychology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
- Helen Wills Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Yan Bao
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
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3
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Li L, Hou C, Peng C, Chen Y. Encoding, working memory, or decision: how feedback modulates time perception. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:10355-10366. [PMID: 37522300 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The hypothesis that individuals can accurately represent temporal information within approximately 3 s is the premise of several theoretical models and empirical studies in the field of temporal processing. The significance of accurately representing time within 3 s and the universality of the overestimation contrast dramatically. To clarify whether this overestimation arises from an inability to accurately represent time or a response bias, we systematically examined whether feedback reduces overestimation at the 3 temporal processing stages of timing (encoding), working memory, and decisions proposed by the scalar timing model. Participants reproduced the time interval between 2 circles with or without feedback, while the electroencephalogram (EEG) was synchronously recorded. Behavioral results showed that feedback shortened reproduced times and significantly minimized overestimation. EEG results showed that feedback significantly decreased the amplitude of contingent negative variation (CNV) in the decision stage but did not modulate the CNV amplitude in the encoding stage or the P2-P3b amplitudes in the working memory stage. These results suggest that overestimation arises from response bias when individuals convert an accurate representation of time into behavior. Our study provides electrophysiological evidence to support the conception that short intervals under approximately 3 s can be accurately represented as "temporal gestalt."
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Affiliation(s)
- Langyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Faculty of Psychology, Time Psychology Research Center, Center of Studies for Psychology and Social Development, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Chunna Hou
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Faculty of Psychology, Time Psychology Research Center, Center of Studies for Psychology and Social Development, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Chunhua Peng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Emotion and Mental Health, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Youguo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Faculty of Psychology, Time Psychology Research Center, Center of Studies for Psychology and Social Development, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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4
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Mu N, Zhang D, Zhao C. Temporal reproduction: A paradigm indicating a 3-s time window. Psych J 2023; 12:535-536. [PMID: 36129015 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The experimental paradigm of temporal reproduction has provided unique insights into the temporal machinery of cognitive processes. Both behavioral observations and electrophysiological methods with this paradigm indicate a time window of some 3 s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Mu
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Dongxue Zhang
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Chen Zhao
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
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5
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Lin B, Chen Y, Li B, Avitt A, Guo Y, Pan L, Huang X. Spatial Selectivity of the Visual Duration Aftereffect in the Sub-second Range: An Event-related Potentials Study. Behav Brain Res 2022; 431:113950. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.113950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Yang P, Wang M, Luo C, Ni X, Li L. Dissociable causal roles of the frontal and parietal cortices in the effect of object location on object identity detection: a TMS study. Exp Brain Res 2022; 240:1445-1457. [PMID: 35301574 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-022-06344-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
According to the spatial congruency advantage, individuals exhibit higher accuracy and shorter reaction times during the visual working memory (VWM) task when VWM test stimuli appear in spatially congruent locations, relative to spatially incongruent locations, during the encoding phase. Functional magnetic resonance imaging studies have revealed changes in right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG) and right supra-marginal gyrus (rSMG) activity as a function of object location stability. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether these regions play a role in active object location repositioning or passive early perception of object location stability, and demonstrations of causality are lacking. In this study, we adopted an object identity change-detection task, involving a short train of 10-Hz online repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulations (rTMS) applied at the rIFG or rSMG concurrently with the onset of VWM test stimuli. In two experimental cohorts, we observed an improved accuracy in spatially incongruent high VWM load conditions when the 10 Hz-rTMS was applied at the rIFG compared with that in TMS control conditions, whereas these modulatory effects were not observed for the rSMG. Our results suggest that the rIFG and rSMG play dissociable roles in the spatial congruency effect, whereby the rIFG is engaged in active object location repositioning, while the rSMG is engaged in passive early perception of object location stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Yang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Psychological and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025, China.,Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Min Wang
- Bioinformatics and BioMedical Bigdata Mining Laboratory, School of Big Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, China
| | - Cimei Luo
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Xuejin Ni
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Ling Li
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China.
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Cui M, Peng C, Huang M, Chen Y. Electrophysiological Evidence for a Common Magnitude Representation of Spatiotemporal Information in Working Memory. Cereb Cortex 2022; 32:4068-4079. [PMID: 35024791 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatiotemporal interference has attracted increasing attention because it provides a window for studying the neural representation of magnitude in the brain. We aimed to identify the neural basis of spatiotemporal interference using a Kappa effect task in which two circles were presented in sequence with two time intervals and three space distances. Participants reproduced the time intervals while ignoring the space distance when electroencephalogram signals were recorded synchronously. The behavior results showed that production time increased with time interval and space distance. Offset of the time intervals elicited typical P2 and P3b components. Larger parietal P2 and P3b amplitudes were elicited by the combination of longer time intervals and longer space distances. The parietal P2 and P3b amplitudes were positively correlated with the production time, and the corresponding neural source was located in the parietal cortex. The results suggest that the parietal P2 and P3b index updates a common representation of spatiotemporal information in working memory, which provides electrophysiological evidence for the mechanisms underlying spatiotemporal interferences. Our study supports a theory of magnitude, in which different dimensions can be integrated into a common magnitude representation in a generalized magnitude system that is localized at the parietal cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Cui
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Time Psychology Research Center, Center of Studies for Psychology and Social Development, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Chunhua Peng
- Laboratory of Emotion and Mental Health, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Mei Huang
- Research Institute of Teacher Development, Faculty of College of Teacher Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Youguo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Time Psychology Research Center, Center of Studies for Psychology and Social Development, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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Yu X, Chen Y, Luo T, Huang X. Neural Oscillations Associated With Auditory Duration Maintenance in Working Memory in Tasks With Controlled Difficulty. Front Psychol 2020; 11:545935. [PMID: 33013593 PMCID: PMC7494732 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.545935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The neural representation of the external events duration in working memory (WM) remains to be understood. It has been reported that there were different neural representations below and above 3 s/2 s for visual/auditory duration, respectively. However, these studies had limitations in experimental design, i.e., the interference of task difficulty was not assessed. Consequently, the results of these studies require verification. In the present study, we eliminated these limitations using an exploratory experiment in which the probe stimulus conditions were reset, while the other settings remained similar to those used in previous studies. In the exploratory experiment, we found that accuracy and reaction times were comparable among all the four duration conditions, suggesting that task difficulty was accurately matched. In the formal experiment, theta and alpha oscillations were examined using electroencephalogram recordings during the maintenance of the auditory duration in working memory, after removing the interference of task difficulty. Electroencephalogram results indicated that there were no significant differences in theta band power among different length of durations retained in working memory, whereas the alpha band power was significantly lower in the 3-s and 4-s duration conditions than in the 1-s and 2-s conditions. The findings suggest that different internal representations of auditory durations above and below the 2-s threshold are maintained in working memory. Also, our study provides evidence that the duration representation segmentation is associated with the length of the auditory duration retained in working memory, but not with task difficulty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Yu
- School of Education Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Youguo Chen
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Luo
- School of Education Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiting Huang
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Erickson MA, Smith D, Albrecht MA, Silverstein S. Alpha‐band desynchronization reflects memory‐specific processes during visual change detection. Psychophysiology 2019; 56:e13442. [DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Molly A. Erickson
- Department of Psychiatry and University Behavioral Health Care Rutgers University Piscataway New Jersey
| | - Dillon Smith
- Department of Psychiatry and University Behavioral Health Care Rutgers University Piscataway New Jersey
| | | | - Steven Silverstein
- Department of Psychiatry and University Behavioral Health Care Rutgers University Piscataway New Jersey
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10
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Performance-informed EEG analysis reveals mixed evidence for EEG signatures unique to the processing of time. PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2018; 84:352-369. [PMID: 29926169 PMCID: PMC7039843 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-018-1039-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Certain EEG components (e.g., the contingent negative variation, CNV, or beta oscillations) have been linked to the perception of temporal magnitudes specifically. However, it is as of yet unclear whether these EEG components are really unique to time perception or reflect the perception of magnitudes in general. In the current study we recorded EEG while participants had to make judgments about duration (time condition) or numerosity (number condition) in a comparison task. This design allowed us to directly compare EEG signals between the processing of time and number. Stimuli consisted of a series of blue dots appearing and disappearing dynamically on a black screen. Each stimulus was characterized by its duration and the total number of dots that it consisted of. Because it is known that tasks like these elicit perceptual interference effects that we used a maximum-likelihood estimation (MLE) procedure to determine, for each participant and dimension separately, to what extent time and numerosity information were taken into account when making a judgement in an extensive post hoc analysis. This approach enabled us to capture individual differences in behavioral performance and, based on the MLE estimates, to select a subset of participants who suppressed task-irrelevant information. Even for this subset of participants, who showed no or only small interference effects and thus were thought to truly process temporal information in the time condition and numerosity information in the number condition, we found CNV patterns in the time-domain EEG signals for both tasks that was more pronounced in the time-task. We found no substantial evidence for differences between the processing of temporal and numerical information in the time–frequency domain.
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Bao Y. Temporal segmentation of cognitive processes in the domain of a few seconds. Psych J 2017; 6:330-331. [PMID: 29278314 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Bao
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Institute of Medical Psychology & Human Science Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
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12
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Neural oscillations associated with auditory duration maintenance in working memory. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5695. [PMID: 28720790 PMCID: PMC5515924 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06078-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The neural representation of auditory duration remains unknown. Here, we used electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings to investigate neural oscillations during the maintenance of auditory duration in working memory (WM). EEG analyses indicated that the auditory duration length was not associated with changes in the theta band amplitude, whereas the alpha band amplitudes during 3-s and 4-s auditory duration conditions were lower than during the 1-s and 2-s conditions. Moreover, the alpha band amplitude and accuracy were positively correlated in the 2-s duration condition. We also found that the neural representation of auditory duration is segmented, with a critical threshold point of approximately 2 s, which is shorter than that for visual duration (3 s). The results emphasised the involvement of the alpha band in auditory duration maintenance in WM. Our study's findings indicate that different internal representations of auditory durations are maintained in WM below and above 2 s from the perspective of electrophysiology. Additionally, the critical threshold point is related to the sensory modality of duration.
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Zhang M, Zhang L, Yu Y, Liu T, Luo W. Women Overestimate Temporal Duration: Evidence from Chinese Emotional Words. Front Psychol 2017; 8:4. [PMID: 28149285 PMCID: PMC5241309 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have proven the effect of emotion on temporal perception, using various emotional stimuli. However, research investigating this issue from the lexico-semantic perspective and gender difference remains scarce. In this study, participants were presented with different types of emotional words designed in classic temporal bisection tasks. In Experiment 1 where the arousal level of emotional words was controlled, no pure effect of valence on temporal perception was found; however, we observed the overestimation of women relative to men. Furthermore, in Experiment 2, an orthogonal design of valence and arousal with neutral condition was employed to study the arousal-mechanism of temporal distortion effect and its difference between genders. The results showed that the gender difference observed in Experiment 1 was robust and was not influenced by valence and arousal. Taken together, our findings suggest a stable gender difference in the temporal perception of semantic stimuli, which might be related to some intrinsic properties of linguistic stimuli and sex differences in brain structure as well as physiological features. The automatic processing of time information was also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Zhang
- Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal UniversityDalian, China; Department of Psychology, Minnan Normal UniversityZhangzhou, China
| | - Lingcong Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Minnan Normal University Zhangzhou, China
| | - Yibing Yu
- Department of Psychology, Minnan Normal University Zhangzhou, China
| | - Tiantian Liu
- Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal UniversityDalian, China; Department of Psychology, Minnan Normal UniversityZhangzhou, China
| | - Wenbo Luo
- Research Center of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience, Liaoning Normal UniversityDalian, China; Laboratory of Cognition and Mental Health, Chongqing University of Arts and SciencesChongqing, China
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Tugin S, Hernandez-Pavon JC, Ilmoniemi RJ, Nikulin VV. Visual deviant stimuli produce mismatch responses in the amplitude dynamics of neuronal oscillations. Neuroimage 2016; 142:645-655. [PMID: 27431760 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Auditory and visual deviant stimuli evoke mismatch negativity (MMN) responses, which can be recorded with electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG). However, little is known about the role of neuronal oscillations in encoding of rare stimuli. We aimed at verifying the existence of a mechanism for the detection of deviant visual stimuli on the basis of oscillatory responses, so-called visual mismatch oscillatory response (vMOR). METHODS Peripheral visual stimuli in an oddball paradigm, standard vs. deviant (7:1), were presented to twenty healthy subjects. The oscillatory responses to an infrequent change in the direction of moving peripheral stimuli were recorded with a 60-channel EEG system. In order to enhance the detection of oscillatory responses, we used the common spatial pattern (CSP) algorithm, designed for the optimal extraction of changes in the amplitude of oscillations. RESULTS Both standard and deviant visual stimuli produced Event-Related Desynchronization (ERD) and Synchronization (ERS) primarily in the occipito-parietal cortical areas. ERD and ERS had overlapping time-courses and peaked at about 500-730 ms. These oscillatory responses, however, were significantly stronger for the deviant than for the standard stimuli. A difference between the oscillatory responses to deviant and standard stimuli thus reflects the presence of vMOR. CONCLUSIONS The present study shows that the detection of visual deviant stimuli can be reflected in both synchronization and desynchronization of neuronal oscillations. This broadens our knowledge about the brain mechanisms encoding deviant sensory stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei Tugin
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering (NBE), Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland; BioMag Laboratory, HUS Medical Imaging Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Julio C Hernandez-Pavon
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering (NBE), Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland; BioMag Laboratory, HUS Medical Imaging Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Risto J Ilmoniemi
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering (NBE), Aalto University School of Science, Espoo, Finland; BioMag Laboratory, HUS Medical Imaging Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vadim V Nikulin
- Center for Cognition and Decision Making, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Russian Federation; Neurophysics Group, Department of Neurology, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité, University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
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15
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Pre-stimulus beta and gamma oscillatory power predicts perceived audiovisual simultaneity. Int J Psychophysiol 2016; 107:29-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2016.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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16
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Mock JR, Foundas AL, Golob EJ. Cortical activity during cued picture naming predicts individual differences in stuttering frequency. Clin Neurophysiol 2016; 127:3093-3101. [PMID: 27472545 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Developmental stuttering is characterized by fluent speech punctuated by stuttering events, the frequency of which varies among individuals and contexts. Most stuttering events occur at the beginning of an utterance, suggesting neural dynamics associated with stuttering may be evident during speech preparation. METHODS This study used EEG to measure cortical activity during speech preparation in men who stutter, and compared the EEG measures to individual differences in stuttering rate as well as to a fluent control group. Each trial contained a cue followed by an acoustic probe at one of two onset times (early or late), and then a picture. There were two conditions: a speech condition where cues induced speech preparation of the picture's name and a control condition that minimized speech preparation. RESULTS Across conditions stuttering frequency correlated to cue-related EEG beta power and auditory ERP slow waves from early onset acoustic probes. CONCLUSIONS The findings reveal two new cortical markers of stuttering frequency that were present in both conditions, manifest at different times, are elicited by different stimuli (visual cue, auditory probe), and have different EEG responses (beta power, ERP slow wave). SIGNIFICANCE The cue-target paradigm evoked brain responses that correlated to pre-experimental stuttering rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey R Mock
- Department of Psychology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA.
| | - Anne L Foundas
- Department of Psychology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - Edward J Golob
- Department of Psychology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA; Program in Neuroscience, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
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Chen Y, Huang X. Modulation of Alpha and Beta Oscillations during an n-back Task with Varying Temporal Memory Load. Front Psychol 2016; 6:2031. [PMID: 26779113 PMCID: PMC4705233 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.02031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporal information can be retained and manipulated in working memory (WM). Neural oscillatory changes in WM were examined by varying temporal WM load. Electroencephalography was obtained from 18 subjects performing a temporal version of the visual n-back WM task (n = 1 or 2). Electroencephalography revealed that posterior alpha power decreased and temporal region-distributed beta power increased as WM load increased. This result is consistent with previous findings that posterior alpha band reflects inhibition of task-irrelevant information. Furthermore, findings from this study suggest that temporal region-distributed beta band activity is engaged in the active maintenance of temporal duration in WM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youguo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Center of Studies for Psychology and Social Development, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University Chongqing, China
| | - Xiting Huang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Center of Studies for Psychology and Social Development, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University Chongqing, China
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