1
|
Hu Y, Du W, Qi J, Luo H, Zhang Z, Luo M, Wang Y. Comparative brain-wide mapping of ketamine- and isoflurane-activated nuclei and functional networks in the mouse brain. eLife 2024; 12:RP88420. [PMID: 38512722 PMCID: PMC10957177 DOI: 10.7554/elife.88420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Ketamine (KET) and isoflurane (ISO) are two widely used general anesthetics, yet their distinct and shared neurophysiological mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of the effects of KET and ISO on c-Fos expression across the mouse brain, utilizing hierarchical clustering and c-Fos-based functional network analysis to evaluate the responses of individual brain regions to each anesthetic. Our findings reveal that KET activates a wide range of brain regions, notably in the cortical and subcortical nuclei involved in sensory, motor, emotional, and reward processing, with the temporal association areas (TEa) as a strong hub, suggesting a top-down mechanism affecting consciousness by primarily targeting higher order cortical networks. In contrast, ISO predominantly influences brain regions in the hypothalamus, impacting neuroendocrine control, autonomic function, and homeostasis, with the locus coeruleus (LC) as a connector hub, indicating a bottom-up mechanism in anesthetic-induced unconsciousness. KET and ISO both activate brain areas involved in sensory processing, memory and cognition, reward and motivation, as well as autonomic and homeostatic control, highlighting their shared effects on various neural pathways. In conclusion, our results highlight the distinct but overlapping effects of KET and ISO, enriching our understanding of the mechanisms underlying general anesthesia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Wenjie Du
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jiangtao Qi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Huoqing Luo
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Mengqiang Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yingwei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bazovkina DV, Fursenko DV, Naumenko VS, Kulikov AV. The Role of C1473G Polymorphism in Mouse Triptophan Hydroxylase 2 Gene in the Acute Effects of Ethanol on the c-fos Gene Expression and Metabolism of Biogenic Amines in the Brain. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2023; 88:291-302. [PMID: 37076278 DOI: 10.1134/s000629792303001x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
Abstract
Tryptophan hydroxylase 2 is a key enzyme in the synthesis of the neurotransmitter serotonin, which plays an important role in the regulation of behavior and various physiological functions. We studied the effect of acute ethanol administration on the expression of the early response c-fos gene and metabolism of serotonin and catecholamines in the brain structures of B6-1473C and B6-1473G congenic mouse strains differing in the single-nucleotide substitution C1473G in the Tph2 gene and activity of the encoded enzyme. Acute alcoholization led to a significant upregulation of the c-fos gene expression in the frontal cortex and striatum of B6-1473G mice and in the hippocampus of B6-1473C mice and caused a decrease in the index of serotonin metabolism in the nucleus accumbens in B6-1473C mice and in the hippocampus and striatum of B6-1473G mice, as well as to the decrease in the norepinephrine level in the hypothalamus of B6-1473C mice. Therefore, the C1473G polymorphism in the Tph2 gene has a significant effect of acute ethanol administration on the c-fos expression pattern and metabolism of biogenic amines in the mouse brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darya V Bazovkina
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
| | - Dariya V Fursenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Vladimir S Naumenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Aleksandr V Kulikov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhou L, Ran Q, Yi R, Tang H, Zhang Y, Yu T. Glutamatergic Neurons of Piriform Cortex Delay Induction of Inhalational General Anesthesia. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
|
4
|
Kamei N, Higo S, Mizuno T, Mori K, Sakamoto A, Ozawa H. Identification of Brain Regions Activated by Sevoflurane and Propofol and Regional Changes in Gene Expression. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2022; 55:37-46. [PMID: 35444347 PMCID: PMC8913278 DOI: 10.1267/ahc.21-00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
General anesthetics have different efficacies and side effect incidences based on their mechanism of action. However, detailed comparative studies of anesthetics are incomplete. In this study, target brain regions and gene expression changes in these brain regions were determined for sevoflurane and propofol to understand the mechanisms that cause differences among anesthetics. Rats were anesthetized with sevoflurane or propofol for 1 hr, and brain regions with anesthesia-induced changes in neuronal activity were examined by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization for c-Fos. Among the identified target brain regions, gene expression analysis was performed in the habenula, the solitary nucleus and the medial vestibular nucleus from laser microdissected samples. Genes altered by sevoflurane and propofol were different and included genes involved in the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting and emergence agitation, such as Egr1 and Gad2. GO enrichment analysis showed that the altered genes tended to be evenly distributed in all functional category. The detailed profiles of target brain regions and induced gene expression changes of sevoflurane and propofol in this study will provide a basis for analyzing the effects of each anesthetic agent and the risk of adverse events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nobutaka Kamei
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School
| | - Shimpei Higo
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School
| | - Tomoki Mizuno
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Graduate school of Medicine, Nippon Medical School
| | - Keisuke Mori
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Graduate school of Medicine, Nippon Medical School
| | - Atsuhiro Sakamoto
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Graduate school of Medicine, Nippon Medical School
| | - Hitoshi Ozawa
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang D, Liu J, Zhu T, Zhou C. Identifying c-fos Expression as a Strategy to Investigate the Actions of General Anesthetics on the Central Nervous System. Curr Neuropharmacol 2021; 20:55-71. [PMID: 34503426 PMCID: PMC9199548 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666210909150200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Although general anesthetics have been used in the clinic for more than 170 years, the ways in which they induce amnesia, unconsciousness, analgesia, and immobility remain elusive. Modulations of various neural nuclei and circuits are involved in the actions of general anesthetics. The expression of the immediate-early gene c-fos and its nuclear product, c-fos protein, can be induced by neuronal depolarization; therefore, c-fos staining is commonly used to identify the activated neurons during sleep and/or wakefulness, as well as in various physiological conditions in the central nervous system. Identifying c-fos expression is also a direct and convenient method to explore the effects of general anesthetics on the activity of neural nuclei and circuits. Using c-fos staining, general anesthetics have been found to interact with sleep- and wakefulness-promoting systems throughout the brain, which may explain their ability to induce unconsciousness and emergence from general anesthesia. This review summarizes the actions of general anesthetics on neural nuclei and circuits based on a c-fos expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donghang Zhang
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041. China
| | - Jin Liu
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041. China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041. China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang Y, Sun Q, Fan A, Dong G. Isoflurane triggers the acute cognitive impairment of aged rats by damaging hippocampal neurons via the NR2B/CaMKII/CREB pathway. Behav Brain Res 2021; 405:113202. [PMID: 33636236 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Isoflurane was responsible for acute neuronal impairment, but its potential molecular mechanisms in damaging hippocampal neurons had not been clearly understood. This study aimed to explore the underlying mechanism of how isoflurane affected the cognitive function of aged rats by damaging the hippocampal neurons. Acute cognitive impairment was found in aged Wistar rats via Morris water maze test and Y-maze test after isoflurane anesthesia in a dose-dependent manner compared with the control group in vivo. Isoflurane also decreased the viabilities and strengthened the apoptotic potential of hippocampal neurons by damaging the mitochondria in a time-dependent manner compared with the control group which was reported by MTT, immunofluorescent assay, flow cytometry and western blot assay in vitro. Isoflurane jeopardized hippocampal neurons by directly inactivating the NR2B/CaMKII/CREB pathway and its harmful effects could be ameliorated by adding CaMKII activator CdCl2. These findings provided evidence that the cognitive ability of aged rats was injured by isoflurane exposure and isoflurane also inhibited the viability and enhanced the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons by damaging the mitochondria through inhibition of the NR2B/CaMKII/CREB pathway and its harmful roles could be partially ameliorated by CdCl2. Our study demonstrated that isoflurane could cause acute neuronal damage and we provided fresh insights that contributed to the safe use of anesthetic agents and the prevention of PND in elderly people.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuangui Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weifang People's Hospital, No. 151, Guangwen Street, Kuiwen District, Weifang City, Shandong Province, 261000, China
| | - Qingqing Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weifang People's Hospital, No. 151, Guangwen Street, Kuiwen District, Weifang City, Shandong Province, 261000, China
| | - Aixia Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xintai People's Hospital, No. 1329, Xinfu Road, Xintai City, Shandong Province, 271200, China
| | - Guimin Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weifang People's Hospital, No. 151, Guangwen Street, Kuiwen District, Weifang City, Shandong Province, 261000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zuniga A, Ryabinin AE, Cunningham CL. Effects of pharmacological inhibition of the centrally-projecting Edinger-Westphal nucleus on ethanol-induced conditioned place preference and body temperature. Alcohol 2020; 87:121-131. [PMID: 31926294 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder is a chronic disease characterized in part by repeated relapsing events. Exposure to environmental stimuli or cues that have previously been associated with the effects of alcohol can promote relapse through the triggering of craving for alcohol. Therefore, identifying and characterizing neuronal populations that may regulate these associations is of the upmost importance. Previous studies have implicated the centrally-projecting Edinger Westphal nucleus (EWcp) in this process, as the EWcp is both sensitive to, and can regulate alcohol intake. To date however, it is unclear if the EWcp is involved in the formation or expression of these alcohol-cue associations. As such, the present studies examined the involvement of the EWcp in male DBA/2J mice in the acquisition and expression of place preference for an alcohol-paired cue using the conditioned place preference (CPP) procedure. Pharmacological inhibition of the EWcp via the GABAA and GABAB receptor agonists muscimol and baclofen did not affect either the acquisition or the expression of CPP. Follow up studies did find however, that pharmacological inhibition of the EWcp increased body temperature and prevented alcohol-induced increases in c-Fos expression in the EWcp. When considered in light of previous studies, the present results indicate that the EWcp may be involved in the regulation of alcohol self-administration, and not conditioned alcohol-seeking. Additionally, the present studies provide further evidence for the involvement of the EWcp in thermoregulation and help elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which alcohol increases c-Fos in the EWcp.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Zuniga
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239-3098, USA.
| | - Andrey E Ryabinin
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239-3098, USA
| | - Christopher L Cunningham
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239-3098, USA; Portland Alcohol Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239-3098, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yatziv SL, Yudco O, Dickmann S, Devor M. Patterns of neural activity in the mouse brain: Wakefulness vs. General anesthesia. Neurosci Lett 2020; 735:135212. [PMID: 32593772 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In light of the general shift from rats to mice as the leading rodent model in neuroscience research we used c-Fos expression as a tool to survey brain regions in the mouse in which neural activity differs between the states of wakefulness and pentobarbital-induced general anesthesia. The aim was to complement prior surveys carried out in rats. In addition to a broad qualitative review, 28 specific regions of interest (ROIs) were evaluated quantitatively. Nearly all ROIs in the cerebral cortex showed suppressed activity during anesthesia. Subcortically, however, some ROIs showed suppression, some showed little change, and some showed increased activity. The overall picture was similar to the rat. Special attention was devoted to ROIs significantly activated during anesthesia, as such loci might actively drive the transition to anesthetic unconsciousness rather than responding passively to inhbitory agents distributed globally (the "wet blanket" hypothesis). Twelve such "anesthesia-on" ROIs were identified: the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, supraoptic nucleus, tuberomamillary nucleus, lateral habenular nucleus, dentate gyrus, nucleus raphe pallidus, central amygdaloid nucleus, perifornical lateral hypothalamus, ventro-lateral preoptic area, lateral septum, paraventricular thalamic nucleus and zona incerta. The same primary anti-FOS antibody was used in all mice, but two alternative reporter systems were employed: ABC-diaminobenzidine and the currently more popular AlexaFluor488. Fluorescence tagging revealed far fewer FOS-immunoreactive neurons, sounding an alert that the reporter system chosen can have major effects on results obtained.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shai-Lee Yatziv
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Or Yudco
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Shay Dickmann
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Marshall Devor
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel; Center for Research on Pain, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Robins MT, Heinricher MM, Ryabinin AE. From Pleasure to Pain, and Back Again: The Intricate Relationship Between Alcohol and Nociception. Alcohol Alcohol 2020; 54:625-638. [PMID: 31509854 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agz067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS A close and bidirectional relationship between alcohol consumption and pain has been previously reported and discussed in influential reviews. The goal of the present narrative review is to provide an update on the developments in this field in order to guide future research objectives. METHODS We evaluated both epidemiological and neurobiological literature interrogating the relationship between alcohol use and pain for the presence of significant effects. We outlined studies on interactions between alcohol use and pain using both self-reports and objective experimental measures and discussed potential underlying mechanisms of these interactions. RESULTS Epidemiological, preclinical and clinical literature point to three major interactions between alcohol use and pain: (a) alcohol use leading to hyperalgesia, (b) alcohol use moderating pain and hyperalgesia and (c) chronic pain as a risk factor predisposing to alcohol relapse. Neurobiological studies using animal models to assess these interactions have transitioned from mostly involuntary modes of experimenter-controlled alcohol administration to self-administration procedures, and increasingly indicate that neuronal circuits implicated in both withdrawal and anticipation stages of alcohol use disorder also have a role in chronic pain. Mechanistically, alterations in GABA, glutamate, the corticotropin-releasing factor system, endogenous opioids and protein kinase C appear to play crucial roles in this maladaptive overlap. CONCLUSIONS Many of the principles explaining the interactions between alcohol and pain remain on a strong foundation, but continuing progress in modeling these interactions and underlying systems will provide a clearer basis for understanding, and ultimately treating, the damaging aspects of this interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meridith T Robins
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Mary M Heinricher
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR 97239, USA.,Department of Neurological Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Andrey E Ryabinin
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Puga-Olguín A, Rodríguez-Landa JF, Rovirosa-Hernández MDJ, Germán-Ponciano LJ, Caba M, Meza E, Guillén-Ruiz G, Olmos-Vázquez OJ. Long-term ovariectomy increases anxiety- and despair-like behaviors associated with lower Fos immunoreactivity in the lateral septal nucleus in rats. Behav Brain Res 2019; 360:185-195. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
11
|
North K, Tobiasz A, Sullivan RD, Bursac Z, Duncan J, Sullivan JP, Davison S, Tate DL, Barnett S, Mari G, Bukiya AN. Prenatal Alcohol Exposure, Anesthesia, and Fetal Loss in Baboon Model of Pregnancy. JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL RESEARCH 2018; 7:236064. [PMID: 30656064 PMCID: PMC6333472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Approximately half of pregnant women engage in alcohol consumption some time during pregnancy. On the other hand, a small percentage of pregnant women undergo surgery and anesthesia at some time during pregnancy. In emergencies, anesthesia has to be administered to patients who are under alcohol intoxication. Anesthetic management during pregnancy while patients are intoxicated with alcohol is challenging. Here, we utilized a retrospective analysis of data available from 17 pregnant baboons that underwent anesthesia with alcohol exposure during mid-pregnancy. The analysis was designed to answer three questions: whether maternal vital signs remained stable under anesthesia combined with alcohol, whether maternal vital signs that were routinely monitored under anesthesia could serve as predictor(s) of fetal loss, and what the impact of the combined application of anesthesia and alcohol was on fetal loss. For the purpose of this retrospective analysis, we utilized vital sign (heart and respiratory rates, temperature, oxygen, carbon dioxide, systolic and diastolic blood pressure) and pregnancy outcome (miscarriage versus fetal survival through second trimester-equivalent of human pregnancy) records from 17 pregnant baboons that underwent gastric infusion of either control or alcohol-containing drink under isoflurane anesthesia during the second trimester-equivalent of human pregnancy. Half of the dams underwent a brief prior anesthetic episode for the purpose of gestational age confirmation. Thus, in our analysis, baboons were divided into four groups: "Control" without prior anesthesia, "Control" with prior anesthesia, "Alcohol" without prior anesthesia, and "Alcohol" with prior anesthesia. We did not detect any maternal vital sign in any of the groups that would be predictive of a fetal loss. However, prior anesthesia predisposed dams to the risk of lowering maternal systolic blood pressure and to a significant decrease in maternal oxygen level during the combined application of anesthesia and alcohol. Conceivably, our data showed the largest fetal loss in this group. The disruptive nature of anesthesia and alcohol on maternal vital parameters warns against the use of anesthesia in combination with alcohol during pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey North
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Ana Tobiasz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Ryan D. Sullivan
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Zoran Bursac
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Jose Duncan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - J. Pierce Sullivan
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Steven Davison
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Danielle L. Tate
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Stacey Barnett
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Giancarlo Mari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Anna N. Bukiya
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Correlated Gene Expression and Anatomical Communication Support Synchronized Brain Activity in the Mouse Functional Connectome. J Neurosci 2018; 38:5774-5787. [PMID: 29789379 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2910-17.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognition and behavior depend on synchronized intrinsic brain activity that is organized into functional networks across the brain. Research has investigated how anatomical connectivity both shapes and is shaped by these networks, but not how anatomical connectivity interacts with intra-areal molecular properties to drive functional connectivity. Here, we present a novel linear model to explain functional connectivity by integrating systematically obtained measurements of axonal connectivity, gene expression, and resting-state functional connectivity MRI in the mouse brain. The model suggests that functional connectivity arises from both anatomical links and inter-areal similarities in gene expression. By estimating these effects, we identify anatomical modules in which correlated gene expression and anatomical connectivity support functional connectivity. Along with providing evidence that not all genes equally contribute to functional connectivity, this research establishes new insights regarding the biological underpinnings of coordinated brain activity measured by BOLD fMRI.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Efforts at characterizing the functional connectome with fMRI have risen exponentially over the last decade. Yet despite this rise, the biological underpinnings of these functional measurements are still primarily unknown. The current report begins to fill this void by investigating the molecular underpinnings of the functional connectome through an integration of systematically obtained structural information and gene expression data throughout the rodent brain. We find that both white matter connectivity and similarity in regional gene expression relate to resting-state functional connectivity. The current report furthers our understanding of the biological underpinnings of the functional connectome and provides a linear model that can be used to streamline preclinical animal studies of disease.
Collapse
|
13
|
Burnham NW, Thiele TE. Voluntary Binge-like Ethanol Consumption Site-specifically Increases c-Fos Immunoexpression in Male C57BL6/J Mice. Neuroscience 2017; 367:159-168. [PMID: 29111360 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The assessment of binge ethanol-induced neuronal activation, using c-Fos immunoreactivity (IR) as a marker of neuronal activity, is typically accomplished via forced ethanol exposure, such as intraperitoneal injection or gavage. Neuronal activity using a voluntary binge-like drinking model, such as "drinking-in-the-dark" (DID), has not been thoroughly explored. Additionally, studies assessing ethanol-elicited neuronal activation may or may not involve stereotaxic surgery, which could impact c-Fos IR. The experiments detailed herein aimed to assess the effects of voluntary binge-like ethanol consumption on c-Fos IR in brain regions implicated in ethanol intake in animals with and without surgery experience. Age-matched male C57BL/6J mice underwent either stereotaxic surgery (Study 1) or no surgery (Study 2). Then, mice experienced one 4-day DID cycle, tail blood samples were collected immediately after test conclusion on day 4, and mice were subsequently sacrificed. In each study, mice that drink ethanol were sorted into those that achieved binge-equivalent blood ethanol concentrations (BECs ≥ 80 mg/dl) versus those that did not. Relative to water-consuming controls, mice with BECs ≥ 80 mg/dl showed significantly elevated c-Fos IR in several brain regions implicated in neurobiological responses to ethanol. In general, the brain regions exhibiting binge-induced c-Fos IR were the same between studies, though differences were noted, highlighting the need for caution when interpreting ethanol-induced c-Fos IR when subjects have a prior history of surgery. Altogether, these results provide insight into the brain regions that modulate binge-like ethanol intake stemming from DID procedures among animals with and without surgery experience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan W Burnham
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Todd E Thiele
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Contribution of Urocortin to the Development of Excessive Drinking. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2017; 136:275-291. [PMID: 29056154 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) system plays a role in alcohol consumption, and its dysregulation can contribute to alcohol use disorder. This system includes four peptide ligands: CRF, urocortin (Ucn)1, Ucn2, and Ucn3. Historically, attention focused on CRF, however, Ucn1 also plays a critical role in excessive alcohol use. This review covers evidence for this contribution and contrasts the role of Ucn1 with CRF. While CRF can promote binge consumption, this regulation occurs through generalized mechanisms that are not specific for alcohol. In contrast, inhibition of Ucn1 action specifically blunts escalation of alcohol drinking. Lesions, genetic knockout, and RNA interference experiments indicate that the centrally projecting Edinger-Westphal nucleus is the neuroanatomical source of Ucn1 critical for alcohol drinking. We propose that the contributions of Ucn1 to excessive drinking likely occur through enhancing rewarding properties of alcohol and symptoms of alcohol withdrawal, whereas CRF drives dependence-induced drinking at later stages of alcohol use. The transition from occasional binge drinking to dependence intricately depends on CRF system plasticity and coordination of CRF and Ucn1.
Collapse
|
15
|
Correia SS, McGrath AG, Lee A, Graybiel AM, Goosens KA. Amygdala-ventral striatum circuit activation decreases long-term fear. eLife 2016; 5:e12669. [PMID: 27671733 PMCID: PMC5039029 DOI: 10.7554/elife.12669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In humans, activation of the ventral striatum, a region associated with reward processing, is associated with the extinction of fear, a goal in the treatment of fear-related disorders. This evidence suggests that extinction of aversive memories engages reward-related circuits, but a causal relationship between activity in a reward circuit and fear extinction has not been demonstrated. Here, we identify a basolateral amygdala (BLA)-ventral striatum (NAc) pathway that is activated by extinction training. Enhanced recruitment of this circuit during extinction learning, either by pairing reward with fear extinction training or by optogenetic stimulation of this circuit during fear extinction, reduces the return of fear that normally follows extinction training. Our findings thus identify a specific BLA-NAc reward circuit that can regulate the persistence of fear extinction and point toward a potential therapeutic target for disorders in which the return of fear following extinction therapy is an obstacle to treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susana S Correia
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
| | - Anna G McGrath
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
| | - Allison Lee
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
| | - Ann M Graybiel
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
| | - Ki A Goosens
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
| |
Collapse
|