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Mitolo M, D'Adda F, Evangelisti S, Pellegrini L, Gramegna LL, Bianchini C, Talozzi L, Manners DN, Testa C, Berardi D, Lodi R, Menchetti M, Tonon C. Emotion dysregulation, impulsivity and anger rumination in borderline personality disorder: the role of amygdala and insula. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024; 274:109-116. [PMID: 37086305 PMCID: PMC10786743 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-023-01597-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a severe mental disorder, characterized by deficits in emotion regulation, interpersonal dysfunctions, dissociation and impulsivity. Brain abnormalities have been generally explored; however, the specific contribution of different limbic structures to BPD symptomatology is not described. The aim of this study is to cover this gap, exploring functional and structural alterations of amygdala and insula and to highlight their contribution to neuropsychiatric symptoms. Twenty-eight BPD patients (23.7 ± 3.42 years; 6 M/22F) and twenty-eight matched healthy controls underwent a brain MR protocol (1.5 T, including a 3D T1-weighted sequence and resting-state fMRI) and a complete neuropsychiatric assessment. Volumetry, cortical thickness and functional connectivity of amygdala and insula were evaluated, along with correlations with the neuropsychiatric scales. BPD patients showed a lower cortical thickness of the left insula (p = 0.027) that negatively correlated with the Anger Rumination Scale (p = 0.019; r = - 0.450). A focused analysis on female patients showed a significant reduction of right amygdala volumes in BPD (p = 0.037), that correlate with Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (p = 0.031; r = - 0.415), Beck Depression Inventory (p = 0.009; r = - 0.50) and Ruminative Response Scale (p = 0.045; r = - 0.389). Reduced functional connectivity was found in BPD between amygdala and frontal pole, precuneus and temporal pole. This functional connectivity alterations correlated with Anger Rumination Scale (p = .009; r = - 0.491) and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (p = 0.020; r = - 0.447). Amygdala and insula are altered in BPD patients, and these two limbic structures are implicated in specific neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as difficulty in emotion regulation, depression, anger and depressive rumination.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mitolo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Functional and Molecular Neuroimaging Unit, IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche Di Bologna, Via Altura 3, 40139, Bologna, Italy
| | - F D'Adda
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, Local Health Trust of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - S Evangelisti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - L Pellegrini
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
- Hertfordshire Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust, Welwyn Garden City, UK
| | - L L Gramegna
- Functional and Molecular Neuroimaging Unit, IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche Di Bologna, Via Altura 3, 40139, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - C Bianchini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - L Talozzi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - D N Manners
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - C Testa
- Functional and Molecular Neuroimaging Unit, IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche Di Bologna, Via Altura 3, 40139, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - D Berardi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - R Lodi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche Di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Menchetti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - C Tonon
- Functional and Molecular Neuroimaging Unit, IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche Di Bologna, Via Altura 3, 40139, Bologna, Italy.
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
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2
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Cohen NT, Xie H, Gholipour T, Gaillard WD. A scoping review of the functional magnetic resonance imaging-based functional connectivity of focal cortical dysplasia-related epilepsy. Epilepsia 2023; 64:3130-3142. [PMID: 37731142 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is the most frequent etiology of operable pharmacoresistant epilepsy in children. There is burgeoning evidence that FCD-related epilepsy is a disorder that involves distributed brain networks. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a tool that allows one to infer neuronal activity and to noninvasively map whole-brain functional networks. Despite its relatively widespread availability at most epilepsy centers, the clinical application of fMRI remains mostly task-based in epilepsy. Another approach is to map and characterize cortical functional networks of individuals using resting state fMRI (rsfMRI). The focus of this scoping review is to summarize the evidence to date of investigations of the network basis of FCD-related epilepsy, and to highlight numerous potential future applications of rsfMRI in the exploration of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for FCD-related epilepsy. There are numerous studies demonstrating a global disruption of cortical functional networks in FCD-related epilepsy. The underlying pathological subtypes of FCD influence overall functional network patterns. There is evidence that cortical functional network mapping may help to predict postsurgical seizure outcomes, highlighting the translational potential of these findings. Additionally, several studies emphasize the important effect of FCD interaction with cortical networks and the expression of epilepsy and its comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan T Cohen
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's National Hospital, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- Department of Neurology, Children's National Hospital, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Hua Xie
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's National Hospital, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- Department of Neurology, Children's National Hospital, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Taha Gholipour
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's National Hospital, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- Department of Neurology, George Washington University Epilepsy Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - William D Gaillard
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's National Hospital, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- Department of Neurology, Children's National Hospital, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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3
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Muccioli L, Sighinolfi G, Mitolo M, Ferri L, Jane Rochat M, Pensato U, Taruffi L, Testa C, Masullo M, Cortelli P, Lodi R, Liguori R, Tonon C, Bisulli F. Cognitive and functional connectivity impairment in post-COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction. Neuroimage Clin 2023; 38:103410. [PMID: 37104928 PMCID: PMC10165139 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the neuropsychological profile and the integrity of the olfactory network in patients with COVID-19-related persistent olfactory dysfunction (OD). METHODS Patients with persistent COVID-19-related OD underwent olfactory assessment with Sniffin' Sticks and neuropsychological evaluation. Additionally, both patients and a control group underwent brain MRI, including T1-weighted and resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) sequences on a 3 T scanner. Morphometrical properties were evaluated in olfaction-associated regions; the rs-fMRI data were analysed using graph theory at the whole-brain level and within a standard parcellation of the olfactory functional network. All the MR-derived quantities were compared between the two groups and their correlation with clinical scores in patients were explored. RESULTS We included 23 patients (mean age 37 ± 14 years, 12 females) with persistent (mean duration 11 ± 5 months, range 2-19 months) COVID-19-related OD (mean score 23.63 ± 5.32/48, hyposmia cut-off: 30.75) and 26 sex- and age-matched healthy controls. Applying population-derived cut-off values, the two cognitive domains mainly impaired were visuospatial memory and executive functions (17 % and 13 % of patients). Brain MRI did not show gross morphological abnormalities. The lateral orbital cortex, hippocampus, and amygdala volumes exhibited a reduction trend in patients, not significant after the correction for multiple comparisons. The olfactory bulb volumes did not differ between patients and controls. Graph analysis of the functional olfactory network showed altered global and local properties in the patients' group (n = 19, 4 excluded due to artifacts) compared to controls. Specifically, we detected a reduction in the global modularity coefficient, positively correlated with hyposmia severity, and an increase of the degree and strength of the right thalamus functional connections, negatively correlated with short-term verbal memory scores. DISCUSSION Patients with persistent COVID-19-related OD showed an altered olfactory network connectivity correlated with hyposmia severity and neuropsychological performance. No significant morphological alterations were found in patients compared with controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Muccioli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Sighinolfi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Micaela Mitolo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Ferri
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Umberto Pensato
- Department of Neurology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Lisa Taruffi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudia Testa
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Masullo
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Pietro Cortelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Raffaele Lodi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rocco Liguori
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Caterina Tonon
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Bisulli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
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Wan X, Zhang P, Wang W, Wu X, Tan Q, Su X, Zhang S, Yang X, Li S, Shao H, Yue Q, Gong Q. Abnormal brain functional network dynamics in sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy. CNS Neurosci Ther 2022; 29:659-668. [PMID: 36510701 PMCID: PMC9873504 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to use resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) to determine the temporal features of functional connectivity states and changes in connectivity strength in sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy (SHE). METHODS High-resolution T1 and rs-fMRI scanning were performed on all the subjects. We used a sliding-window approach to construct a dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) network. The k-means clustering method was performed to analyze specific FC states and related temporal properties. Finally, the connectivity strength between the components was analyzed using network-based statistics (NBS) analysis. The correlations between the abovementioned measures and disease duration were analyzed. RESULTS After k-means clustering, the SHE patients mainly exhibited two dFC states. The frequency of state 1 was higher, which was characterized by stronger connections within the networks; state 2 occurred at a relatively low frequency, characterized by stronger connections between networks. SHE patients had greater fractional time and a mean dwell time in state 2 and had a larger number of state transitions. The NBS results showed that SHE patients had increased connectivity strength between networks. None of the properties was correlated with illness duration among patients with SHE. CONCLUSION The patterns of dFC patterns may represent an adaptive and protective mode of the brain to deal with epileptic seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Wan
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of RadiologyWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina,Department of Radiology, Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- Second Clinical SchoolLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina,Department of Magnetic ResonanceLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouChina
| | - Weina Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Xintong Wu
- Department of NeurologyWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Qiaoyue Tan
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of RadiologyWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xiaorui Su
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of RadiologyWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Simin Zhang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of RadiologyWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xibiao Yang
- Department of RadiologyWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Shuang Li
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of RadiologyWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Hanbing Shao
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of RadiologyWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Qiang Yue
- Department of RadiologyWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of RadiologyWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduChina,Research Unit of PsychoradiologyChinese Academy of Medical SciencesChengduChina,Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceChengduChina,Department of RadiologyWest China Xiamen Hospital of Sichuan UniversityXiamenFujianChina
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5
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Farahani FV, Karwowski W, D’Esposito M, Betzel RF, Douglas PK, Sobczak AM, Bohaterewicz B, Marek T, Fafrowicz M. Diurnal variations of resting-state fMRI data: A graph-based analysis. Neuroimage 2022; 256:119246. [PMID: 35477020 PMCID: PMC9799965 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms (lasting approximately 24 h) control and entrain various physiological processes, ranging from neural activity and hormone secretion to sleep cycles and eating habits. Several studies have shown that time of day (TOD) is associated with human cognition and brain functions. In this study, utilizing a chronotype-based paradigm, we applied a graph theory approach on resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) data to compare whole-brain functional network topology between morning and evening sessions and between morning-type (MT) and evening-type (ET) participants. Sixty-two individuals (31 MT and 31 ET) underwent two fMRI sessions, approximately 1 hour (morning) and 10 h (evening) after their wake-up time, according to their declared habitual sleep-wake pattern on a regular working day. In the global analysis, the findings revealed the effect of TOD on functional connectivity (FC) patterns, including increased small-worldness, assortativity, and synchronization across the day. However, we identified no significant differences based on chronotype categories. The study of the modular structure of the brain at mesoscale showed that functional networks tended to be more integrated with one another in the evening session than in the morning session. Local/regional changes were affected by both factors (i.e., TOD and chronotype), mostly in areas associated with somatomotor, attention, frontoparietal, and default networks. Furthermore, connectivity and hub analyses revealed that the somatomotor, ventral attention, and visual networks covered the most highly connected areas in the morning and evening sessions: the latter two were more active in the morning sessions, and the first was identified as being more active in the evening. Finally, we performed a correlation analysis to determine whether global and nodal measures were associated with subjective assessments across participants. Collectively, these findings contribute to an increased understanding of diurnal fluctuations in resting brain activity and highlight the role of TOD in future studies on brain function and the design of fMRI experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad V. Farahani
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA,Computational Neuroergonomics Laboratory, Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Systems, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA,Corresponding author: Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. (F.V. Farahani)
| | - Waldemar Karwowski
- Computational Neuroergonomics Laboratory, Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Systems, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Mark D’Esposito
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA,Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Richard F. Betzel
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Pamela K. Douglas
- Institute for Simulation and Training, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA,Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anna Maria Sobczak
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroergonomics, Institute of Applied Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Bartosz Bohaterewicz
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroergonomics, Institute of Applied Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland,Department of Psychology of Individual Differences, Psychological Diagnosis, and Psychometrics, Institute of Psychology, University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Marek
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroergonomics, Institute of Applied Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Fafrowicz
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroergonomics, Institute of Applied Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland,Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland,Corresponding author. Department of Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroergonomics, Institute of Applied Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland. (M. Fafrowicz)
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6
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Shen Y, Zhang C, Cui S, Wang R, Cai H, Zhao W, Zhu J, Yu Y. Transcriptional substrates underlying functional connectivity profiles of subregions within the human sensorimotor cortex. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 43:5562-5578. [PMID: 35899321 PMCID: PMC9704778 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The human sensorimotor cortex has multiple subregions showing functional commonalities and differences, likely attributable to their connectivity profiles. However, the molecular substrates underlying such connectivity profiles are unclear. Here, transcriptome-neuroimaging spatial correlation analyses were performed between transcriptomic data from the Allen human brain atlas and resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of 24 fine-grained sensorimotor subregions from 793 healthy subjects. Results showed that rsFC of six sensorimotor subregions were associated with expression measures of six gene sets that were specifically expressed in brain tissue. These sensorimotor subregions could be classified into the polygenic- and oligogenic-modulated subregions, whose rsFC were related to gene sets diverging on their numbers (hundreds vs. dozens) and functional characteristics. First, the former were specifically expressed in multiple types of neurons and immune cells, yet the latter were not specifically expressed in any cortical cell types. Second, the former were preferentially expressed during the middle and late stages of cortical development, while the latter showed no preferential expression during any stages. Third, the former were prone to be enriched for general biological functions and pathways, but the latter for specialized biological functions and pathways. Fourth, the former were enriched for neuropsychiatric disorders, whereas this enrichment was absent for the latter. Finally, although the identified genes were commonly associated with sensorimotor behavioral processes, the polygenic-modulated subregions associated genes were additionally related to vision and dementia. These findings may advance our understanding of the functional homogeneity and heterogeneity of the human sensorimotor cortex from the perspective of underlying genetic architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Shen
- Department of RadiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina,Research Center of Clinical Medical ImagingHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina,Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Cun Zhang
- Department of RadiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina,Research Center of Clinical Medical ImagingHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina,Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Shunshun Cui
- Department of RadiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina,Research Center of Clinical Medical ImagingHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina,Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of RadiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina,Research Center of Clinical Medical ImagingHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina,Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Huanhuan Cai
- Department of RadiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina,Research Center of Clinical Medical ImagingHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina,Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Wenming Zhao
- Department of RadiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina,Research Center of Clinical Medical ImagingHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina,Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Jiajia Zhu
- Department of RadiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina,Research Center of Clinical Medical ImagingHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina,Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational MedicineHefeiChina
| | - Yongqiang Yu
- Department of RadiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina,Research Center of Clinical Medical ImagingHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina,Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational MedicineHefeiChina
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7
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Falakshahi H, Rokham H, Fu Z, Iraji A, Mathalon DH, Ford JM, Mueller BA, Preda A, van Erp TGM, Turner JA, Plis S, Calhoun VD. Path Analysis: A Method to Estimate Altered Pathways in Time-varying Graphs of Neuroimaging Data. Netw Neurosci 2022; 6:634-664. [PMID: 36204419 PMCID: PMC9531579 DOI: 10.1162/netn_a_00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Graph-theoretical methods have been widely used to study human brain networks in psychiatric disorders. However, the focus has primarily been on global graphic metrics with little attention to the information contained in paths connecting brain regions. Details of disruption of these paths may be highly informative for understanding disease mechanisms. To detect the absence or addition of multistep paths in the patient group, we provide an algorithm estimating edges that contribute to these paths with reference to the control group. We next examine where pairs of nodes were connected through paths in both groups by using a covariance decomposition method. We apply our method to study resting-state fMRI data in schizophrenia versus controls. Results show several disconnectors in schizophrenia within and between functional domains, particularly within the default mode and cognitive control networks. Additionally, we identify new edges generating additional paths. Moreover, although paths exist in both groups, these paths take unique trajectories and have a significant contribution to the decomposition. The proposed path analysis provides a way to characterize individuals by evaluating changes in paths, rather than just focusing on the pairwise relationships. Our results show promise for identifying path-based metrics in neuroimaging data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haleh Falakshahi
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS): Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hooman Rokham
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS): Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Zening Fu
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS): Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Armin Iraji
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS): Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Daniel H. Mathalon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Judith M. Ford
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bryon A. Mueller
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Adrian Preda
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Theo G. M. van Erp
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jessica A. Turner
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS): Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sergey Plis
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS): Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Vince D. Calhoun
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS): Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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8
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Disorders of arousal and sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy - overview and challenges night is a battlefield of sleep and arousal promoting forces. Neurol Sci 2022; 43:927-937. [PMID: 34984571 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-021-05857-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Arousability and reactivity to sensory stimuli are essential features of sleep, discriminating it from coma and keeping the sleeper in contact with the environment. Arousals and oscillations during sleep serve the reversibility of sleep and carry an alarm function awakening the sleeper in danger. In this review, we will explore mechanisms and circuits involved in arousal intrusions within the sleep texture, focusing on the significance of these phenomena in two sleep-related conditions: NREM sleep parasomnias and sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy. Knowledges and gaps in the field are discussed.
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9
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Abstract
Sleep is a complex brain state with fundamental relevance for cognitive functions, synaptic plasticity, brain resilience, and autonomic balance. Sleep pathologies may interfere with cerebral circuit organization, leading to negative consequences and favoring the development of neurologic disorders. Conversely, the latter can interfere with sleep functions. Accordingly, assessment of sleep quality is always recommended in the diagnosis of patients with neurologic disorders and during neurorehabilitation programs. This review investigates the complex interplay between sleep and brain pathologies, focusing on diseases in which the association with sleep disturbances is commonly overlooked and whereby major benefits may derive from their proper management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Mutti
- Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Neurology Unit, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Francesco Rausa
- Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Neurology Unit, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Liborio Parrino
- Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Neurology Unit, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, Parma 43126, Italy.
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10
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Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in the Pathogenesis of Epilepsy: Role of Neuroinflammation. A Literature Review. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11050663. [PMID: 34069567 PMCID: PMC8161227 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11050663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurring spontaneous seizures. Drug resistance appears in 30% of patients and it can lead to premature death, brain damage or a reduced quality of life. The purpose of the study was to analyze the drug resistance mechanisms, especially neuroinflammation, in the epileptogenesis. The information bases of biomedical literature Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar and SciVerse were used. To obtain full-text documents, electronic resources of PubMed Central and Research Gate were used. The article examines the recent research of the mechanisms of drug resistance in epilepsy and discusses the hypotheses of drug resistance development (genetic, epigenetic, target hypothesis, etc.). Drug-resistant epilepsy is associated with neuroinflammatory, autoimmune and neurodegenerative processes. Neuroinflammation causes immune, pathophysiological, biochemical and psychological consequences. Focal or systemic unregulated inflammatory processes lead to the formation of aberrant neural connections and hyperexcitable neural networks. Inflammatory mediators affect the endothelium of cerebral vessels, destroy contacts between endothelial cells and induce abnormal angiogenesis (the formation of “leaky” vessels), thereby affecting the blood–brain barrier permeability. Thus, the analysis of pro-inflammatory and other components of epileptogenesis can contribute to the further development of the therapeutic treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy.
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11
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Liu W, Yue Q, Wu X, Gong Q, Zhou D. Abnormal blood oxygen level-dependent fluctuations and remote connectivity in sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy. Acta Neurol Scand 2020; 143:514-520. [PMID: 33210736 DOI: 10.1111/ane.13379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy (SHE) is a form of the epileptic syndrome that involves stereotyped hypermotor seizures and presents as asymmetric tonic or dystonic posturing events. We aimed to investigate the brain activities of SHE patients using structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). METHODS A total of 41 patients with SHE and 41 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) were prospectively enrolled and assessed using fMRI. The two groups were compared in amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo), and potential correlations between these measures and clinical features were also examined. The involvement of functional network integration was explored by analyzing seed-based functional connectivity. RESULTS In SHE patients, ALFF in the right precentral gyrus was significantly higher than in HCs, and ReHo in the left postcentral and right precentral gyrus was higher. None of the brain regions had lower ALFF or ReHo compared to HCs. ReHo in the left postcentral gyrus and ALFF in the right precentral gyrus were both negatively correlated with epilepsy duration. Patients with SHE had higher functional connectivity mainly in the precuneus, postcentral gyrus, and supplementary motor area. However, none of the brain regions in SHE group presented lower functional connectivity than in HCs. SHE is associated with disrupted regional and interregional functional activities. CONCLUSIONS The patients showed abnormalities within the sensorimotor gyrus and supplementary motor area, suggesting spontaneous fluctuations correlated with remote functional brain network. These results at the whole-brain level argue for further investigation into connectivity disturbance in SHE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Liu
- Department of Neurology West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Qiang Yue
- Department of Radiology Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC) West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Xintong Wu
- Department of Neurology West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Department of Radiology Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC) West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Dong Zhou
- Department of Neurology West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China
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12
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Prajapati R, Emerson IA. Construction and analysis of brain networks from different neuroimaging techniques. Int J Neurosci 2020; 132:745-766. [DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2020.1837802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rutvi Prajapati
- Bioinformatics Programming Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Isaac Arnold Emerson
- Bioinformatics Programming Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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13
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Wu X, Liu W, Wang W, Gao H, Hao N, Yue Q, Gong Q, Zhou D. Altered intrinsic brain activity associated with outcome in frontal lobe epilepsy. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8989. [PMID: 31222073 PMCID: PMC6586796 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45413-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE) is the second most common type of the focal epilepsies. Our understanding of this disease has been revolutionized over the past decade, but variable treatment outcomes persist and the underlying functional mechanisms responsible for this have yet to be deciphered. This study was designed to determine how intrinsic brain connectivity related to treatment response in patients with FLE. 50 patients with FLE and 28 healthy controls were enrolled in this study and underwent functional MRI at baseline. At the end of 12-month follow up period, all patients with FLE were classified, based on their responses to AEDs treatment, into drug-responsive and drug-refractory groups. The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) was calculated amongst the three groups in order to detect regional neural function integration. The responsive group showed decreased ALFF only in the left ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), while the refractory group showed decreased ALFF in the left vmPFC, right superior frontal gyrus (SFG), and supramarginal gyrus (SMG) relative to healthy controls. In addition, both the responsive and refractory groups showed increased ALFF in the precuneus and postcentral gyrus when compared to the healthy controls. Furthermore, the refractory group exhibited significantly decreased ALFF in the left vmPFC, right SFG and SMG, relative to the responsive group. Focal spontaneous activity, as assessed by ALFF, was associated with response to antiepileptic treatment in patients with FLE. Patients with refractory frontal lobe epilepsy exhibited decreased intrinsic brain activity. Our findings provide novel neuroimaging evidence into the mechanisms of medically-intractable FLE at the brain level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Wu
- Departments of Neurology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 GuoXue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Wenyu Liu
- Departments of Neurology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 GuoXue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Weina Wang
- Departments of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 GuoXue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hui Gao
- Departments of Neurology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 GuoXue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Nanya Hao
- Departments of Neurology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 GuoXue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qiang Yue
- Departments of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 GuoXue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Departments of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 GuoXue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Dong Zhou
- Departments of Neurology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 GuoXue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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14
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Farahani FV, Karwowski W, Lighthall NR. Application of Graph Theory for Identifying Connectivity Patterns in Human Brain Networks: A Systematic Review. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:585. [PMID: 31249501 PMCID: PMC6582769 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Analysis of the human connectome using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) started in the mid-1990s and attracted increasing attention in attempts to discover the neural underpinnings of human cognition and neurological disorders. In general, brain connectivity patterns from fMRI data are classified as statistical dependencies (functional connectivity) or causal interactions (effective connectivity) among various neural units. Computational methods, especially graph theory-based methods, have recently played a significant role in understanding brain connectivity architecture. Objectives: Thanks to the emergence of graph theoretical analysis, the main purpose of the current paper is to systematically review how brain properties can emerge through the interactions of distinct neuronal units in various cognitive and neurological applications using fMRI. Moreover, this article provides an overview of the existing functional and effective connectivity methods used to construct the brain network, along with their advantages and pitfalls. Methods: In this systematic review, the databases Science Direct, Scopus, arXiv, Google Scholar, IEEE Xplore, PsycINFO, PubMed, and SpringerLink are employed for exploring the evolution of computational methods in human brain connectivity from 1990 to the present, focusing on graph theory. The Cochrane Collaboration's tool was used to assess the risk of bias in individual studies. Results: Our results show that graph theory and its implications in cognitive neuroscience have attracted the attention of researchers since 2009 (as the Human Connectome Project launched), because of their prominent capability in characterizing the behavior of complex brain systems. Although graph theoretical approach can be generally applied to either functional or effective connectivity patterns during rest or task performance, to date, most articles have focused on the resting-state functional connectivity. Conclusions: This review provides an insight into how to utilize graph theoretical measures to make neurobiological inferences regarding the mechanisms underlying human cognition and behavior as well as different brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad V Farahani
- Computational Neuroergonomics Laboratory, Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Systems, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Waldemar Karwowski
- Computational Neuroergonomics Laboratory, Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Systems, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Nichole R Lighthall
- Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
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15
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Zidda F, Griebe M, Ebert A, Ruttorf M, Roßmanith C, Gass A, Andoh J, Nees F, Szabo K. Resting-state connectivity alterations during transient global amnesia. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2019; 23:101869. [PMID: 31153000 PMCID: PMC6543172 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
While the pathophysiology of transient global amnesia (TGA) is not understood, due to the specific nature of the clinical deficits, transient dysfunction in the medial temporal lobe, especially in the hippocampus, is assumed; however, concomitant disturbances in other brain regions and in executive function have been postulated. In this study, a cohort of 16 patients was prospectively recruited from the emergency department for resting-state functional MRI (fMRI) during the acute stage of TGA, as confirmed by a standardized neuropsychological assessment. Twenty age- and sex-matched controls, as well as twenty patients with a history of TGA, were recruited for comparison. Functional data were processed using independent component analysis (ICA), allowing the complete automatic (data-driven) identification of spontaneous network dynamics. We documented a severe disturbance in anterograde episodic long-term memory in all patients. Group-based ICA of resting-state data in acute TGA patients versus that of controls and patients with a past TGA episode demonstrated reduced FC mainly of structures belonging to the executive network (EN), but also the hippocampus, confirming its pathophysiological involvement in the disorder, as well as areas belonging to the salience network and other subcortical regions. No significant differences were found when comparing connectivity in patients with a history of TGA and controls. Our findings strengthen previous empirical and theoretical accounts of hippocampal and executive dysfunction in TGA. The disruption of frontal, parietal and insular control regions, together with disruption in the hippocampus, provides a new interpretation for the pathophysiology and neuropsychological profile of this neurological disorder on a large-scale network level During TGA connectivity is reduced in areas within and outside the executive network, including the hippocampus. Relevant hubs within the salience network and subcortical regions are also involved. The acute stage of TGA is interpreted on a large-scale network level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Zidda
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Martin Griebe
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Anne Ebert
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Michaela Ruttorf
- Computer Assisted Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Christina Roßmanith
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Achim Gass
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Jamila Andoh
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Frauke Nees
- Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Kristina Szabo
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
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16
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Farahani FV, Karwowski W, Lighthall NR. Application of Graph Theory for Identifying Connectivity Patterns in Human Brain Networks: A Systematic Review. Front Neurosci 2019. [PMID: 31249501 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00585/bibtex] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Analysis of the human connectome using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) started in the mid-1990s and attracted increasing attention in attempts to discover the neural underpinnings of human cognition and neurological disorders. In general, brain connectivity patterns from fMRI data are classified as statistical dependencies (functional connectivity) or causal interactions (effective connectivity) among various neural units. Computational methods, especially graph theory-based methods, have recently played a significant role in understanding brain connectivity architecture. Objectives: Thanks to the emergence of graph theoretical analysis, the main purpose of the current paper is to systematically review how brain properties can emerge through the interactions of distinct neuronal units in various cognitive and neurological applications using fMRI. Moreover, this article provides an overview of the existing functional and effective connectivity methods used to construct the brain network, along with their advantages and pitfalls. Methods: In this systematic review, the databases Science Direct, Scopus, arXiv, Google Scholar, IEEE Xplore, PsycINFO, PubMed, and SpringerLink are employed for exploring the evolution of computational methods in human brain connectivity from 1990 to the present, focusing on graph theory. The Cochrane Collaboration's tool was used to assess the risk of bias in individual studies. Results: Our results show that graph theory and its implications in cognitive neuroscience have attracted the attention of researchers since 2009 (as the Human Connectome Project launched), because of their prominent capability in characterizing the behavior of complex brain systems. Although graph theoretical approach can be generally applied to either functional or effective connectivity patterns during rest or task performance, to date, most articles have focused on the resting-state functional connectivity. Conclusions: This review provides an insight into how to utilize graph theoretical measures to make neurobiological inferences regarding the mechanisms underlying human cognition and behavior as well as different brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad V Farahani
- Computational Neuroergonomics Laboratory, Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Systems, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Waldemar Karwowski
- Computational Neuroergonomics Laboratory, Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Systems, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Nichole R Lighthall
- Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
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