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Takacs A, Toth‐Faber E, Schubert L, Tarnok Z, Ghorbani F, Trelenberg M, Nemeth D, Münchau A, Beste C. Neural representations of statistical and rule-based predictions in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e26719. [PMID: 38826009 PMCID: PMC11144952 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) is a disorder characterised by motor and vocal tics, which may represent habitual actions as a result of enhanced learning of associations between stimuli and responses (S-R). In this study, we investigated how adults with GTS and healthy controls (HC) learn two types of regularities in a sequence: statistics (non-adjacent probabilities) and rules (predefined order). Participants completed a visuomotor sequence learning task while EEG was recorded. To understand the neurophysiological underpinnings of these regularities in GTS, multivariate pattern analyses on the temporally decomposed EEG signal as well as sLORETA source localisation method were conducted. We found that people with GTS showed superior statistical learning but comparable rule-based learning compared to HC participants. Adults with GTS had different neural representations for both statistics and rules than HC adults; specifically, adults with GTS maintained the regularity representations longer and had more overlap between them than HCs. Moreover, over different time scales, distinct fronto-parietal structures contribute to statistical learning in the GTS and HC groups. We propose that hyper-learning in GTS is a consequence of the altered sensitivity to encode complex statistics, which might lead to habitual actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Takacs
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of MedicineTechnische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
- University Neuropsychology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Eszter Toth‐Faber
- Institute of PsychologyELTE Eötvös Loránd UniversityBudapestHungary
- Brain, Memory and Language Research Group, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, HUN‐REN Research Centre for Natural SciencesBudapestHungary
| | - Lina Schubert
- Institute of Systems Motor ScienceUniversity of LübeckLübeckGermany
| | - Zsanett Tarnok
- Vadaskert Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Hospital and Outpatient ClinicBudapestHungary
| | - Foroogh Ghorbani
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of MedicineTechnische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
- University Neuropsychology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Madita Trelenberg
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of MedicineTechnische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Dezso Nemeth
- INSERMUniversité Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon CRNL U1028 UMR5292BronFrance
- NAP Research Group, Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University and Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, HUN‐REN Research Centre for Natural SciencesBudapestHungary
- Department of Education and Psychology, Faculty of Social SciencesUniversity of Atlántico MedioLas Palmas de Gran CanariaSpain
| | | | - Christian Beste
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of MedicineTechnische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
- University Neuropsychology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
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Selimi S, Frings C, Münchau A, Beste C, Moeller B. It's not distance but similarity of distance: changing stimulus relations affect the control of action sequences. PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2024:10.1007/s00426-024-01973-6. [PMID: 38733538 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-024-01973-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Interacting with our environment happens on different levels of complexity: While there are individual and simple actions like an isolated button press, most actions are more complex and involve sequences of simpler actions. The degree to which multiple simple actions are represented as one action sequence can be measured via so-called response-response binding effects. When two or more responses are executed consecutively, they are integrated into one representation so that repetition of one response can start retrieval of the other. Executing such an action sequence typically involves responding to multiple objects or stimuli. Here, we investigated whether the spatial relation of these stimuli affects action sequence execution. To that end, we varied the distance between stimuli in a response-response binding task. Stimulus distance might affect response-response binding effects in one of two ways: It might directly affect the representation of the response sequence, making integration and retrieval between responses more likely if the responses relate to close stimuli. Alternatively, the similarity of stimulus distribution during integration and retrieval might be decisive, leading to larger binding effects if stimulus distance is identical during integration and retrieval. We found stronger binding effects with constant than with changing stimulus distance, indicating that action integration and retrieval can easily affect performance also if responses refer to separated objects. However, this effect on performance is diminished by changing spatial distribution of stimuli at the times of integration and retrieval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Selimi
- Department of Cognitive Psychology, Trier University, D-54286, Trier, Germany
| | - Christian Frings
- Department of Cognitive Psychology, Trier University, D-54286, Trier, Germany
| | - Alexander Münchau
- Institute of Systems Motor Science, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christian Beste
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Birte Moeller
- Department of Cognitive Psychology, Trier University, D-54286, Trier, Germany.
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Robert C, Weiblen R, Wagner-Altendorf TA, Paulus T, Müller-Vahl K, Münchau A, Krämer UM, Heldmann M, Roessner V, Münte TF. Slips of the tongue in patients with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. Neurol Res Pract 2024; 6:25. [PMID: 38693574 PMCID: PMC11064284 DOI: 10.1186/s42466-024-00324-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Motor and vocal tics are the main symptom of Gilles de la Tourette-syndrome (GTS). A particular complex vocal tic comprises the utterance of swear words, termed coprolalia. Since taboo words are socially inappropriate, they are normally suppressed by people, which implies cognitive control processes. METHOD To investigate the control of the unintentional pronunciation of taboo words and the associated processes of conflict monitoring, we used the "Spoonerisms of Laboratory Induced Predisposition" (SLIP) paradigm. Participants read multiple inductor word pairs with the same phonemes, followed by pronouncing a target pair with inverse phonemes. This led to a conflict between two competing speech plans: the correct word pair and the word pair with inverted phonemes. Latter speech error, a spoonerism, could result in a neutral or taboo word. We investigated 19 patients with GTS and 23 typically developed controls (TDC) and measured participants' electroencephalography (EEG) during the SLIP task. RESULTS At the behavioral level less taboo than neutral word spoonerisms occurred in both groups without significant differences. Event-related brain potentials (ERP) revealed a difference between taboo and neutral word conditions in the GTS group at the midline electrodes in a time range of 250-400 ms after the speech prompt, which was not found in the TDC group. The extent of this effect depended on the number of inductor word pairs, suggesting an increasing level of cognitive control in the GTS group. CONCLUSION The differences between taboo and neutral word conditions in patients with GTS compared to TDC suggest an altered recruitment of cognitive control processes in GTS, likely enlisted to suppress taboo words.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Robert
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Marie-Curie-Straße, Building 66, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ronja Weiblen
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Marie-Curie-Straße, Building 66, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Theresa Paulus
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Marie-Curie-Straße, Building 66, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute of Systems Motor Science, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Kirsten Müller-Vahl
- Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexander Münchau
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Marie-Curie-Straße, Building 66, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute of Systems Motor Science, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ulrike M Krämer
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Marie-Curie-Straße, Building 66, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
- Institute of Medical Psychology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Marcus Heldmann
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Marie-Curie-Straße, Building 66, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Psychology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Veit Roessner
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas F Münte
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Marie-Curie-Straße, Building 66, 23562, Lübeck, Germany.
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Münster ND, Schmalbrock P, Bäumer T, Hommel B, Beste C, Münchau A, Frings C. Separating binding and retrieval of event files in older adults. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2024; 244:104190. [PMID: 38368782 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
In the literature on human action control, it is assumed that features of stimuli (S) and responses (R) are integrated into internal representations (so-called event files) that are involved in the execution of an action. Experimentally, the impact of this integration on action control is typically analyzed via S-R binding effects. Recent theorizing in the BRAC framework (Frings et al., 2020) suggests to disentangle the processes of S-R binding proper from S-R retrieval as two independent components contributing to S-R binding effects. Since the literature on age effects on S-R binding effects is scarce and does not provide information on whether the existing findings about the two processes can be generalized to older age groups, this is the first study addressing the effects of older age separately on S-R binding proper vs. S-R retrieval. In two established variants of S-R binding tasks (cumulative n = 262), we contrasted binding (by using a saliency manipulation at the time of binding proper) versus retrieval processes (by manipulating the onset of the distractor at the time of retrieval), replicating previous results in younger (18-30 years) and also in older healthy controls (50-70 years). We therefore found no evidence for age effects on S-R binding proper or S-R retrieval. We thus conclude that the processes contributing to S-R binding effects are - at least in the age groups analyzed in this study - robust and age-independent. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In human action control, binding proper and retrieval of features in stimulus-response episodes typically lead to so-called S-R binding effects. Against the background of recent theorizing, binding proper and retrieval should be studied independently. In this article, we ran a younger and an older age group and analyzed possible age-related differences in integration or retrieval. Both groups showed the expected pattern for binding and retrieval as expected from the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas D Münster
- Department of Psychology, Cognitive Psychology, University of Trier, Trier, Germany; Institute for Cognitive & Affective Neuroscience (ICAN), University of Trier, Trier, Germany.
| | - Philip Schmalbrock
- Department of Psychology, Cognitive Psychology, University of Trier, Trier, Germany; Institute for Cognitive & Affective Neuroscience (ICAN), University of Trier, Trier, Germany.
| | - Tobias Bäumer
- Institute of Systems Motor Science, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
| | - Bernhard Hommel
- Faculty of Medicine, University Neuropsychology Center, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Cognitive Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Christian Beste
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Cognitive Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Alexander Münchau
- Institute of Systems Motor Science, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
| | - Christian Frings
- Department of Psychology, Cognitive Psychology, University of Trier, Trier, Germany; Institute for Cognitive & Affective Neuroscience (ICAN), University of Trier, Trier, Germany.
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Takacs A, Toth-Faber E, Schubert L, Tárnok Z, Ghorbani F, Trelenberg M, Nemeth D, Münchau A, Beste C. Resting network architecture of theta oscillations reflects hyper-learning of sensorimotor information in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. Brain Commun 2024; 6:fcae092. [PMID: 38562308 PMCID: PMC10984574 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Gilles de la Tourette syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by motor and vocal tics. It is associated with enhanced processing of stimulus-response associations, including a higher propensity to learn probabilistic stimulus-response contingencies (i.e. statistical learning), the nature of which is still elusive. In this study, we investigated the hypothesis that resting-state theta network organization is a key for the understanding of superior statistical learning in these patients. We investigated the graph-theoretical network architecture of theta oscillations in adult patients with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome and healthy controls during a statistical learning task and in resting states both before and after learning. We found that patients with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome showed a higher statistical learning score than healthy controls, as well as a more optimal (small-world-like) theta network before the task. Thus, patients with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome had a superior facility to integrate and evaluate novel information as a trait-like characteristic. Additionally, the theta network architecture in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome adapted more to the statistical information during the task than in HC. We suggest that hyper-learning in patients with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome is likely a consequence of increased sensitivity to perceive and integrate sensorimotor information leveraged through theta oscillation-based resting-state dynamics. The study delineates the neural basis of a higher propensity in patients with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome to pick up statistical contingencies in their environment. Moreover, the study emphasizes pathophysiologically endowed abilities in patients with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome, which are often not taken into account in the perception of this common disorder but could play an important role in destigmatization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Takacs
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University Neuropsychology Center, TU Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Eszter Toth-Faber
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest 1064, Hungary
- Brain, Memory and Language Research Group, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117, Hungary
| | - Lina Schubert
- Institute of Systems Motor Science, University of Lübeck, Lübeck 23562, Germany
| | - Zsanett Tárnok
- Vadaskert Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Hospital and Outpatient Clinic, Budapest 1021, Hungary
| | - Foroogh Ghorbani
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University Neuropsychology Center, TU Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Madita Trelenberg
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Dezso Nemeth
- INSERM, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon CRNL U1028 UMR5292, Bron 69500, France
- NAP Research Group, Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University & Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1071, Hungary
- Department of Education and Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Atlántico Medio, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 35017, Spain
| | - Alexander Münchau
- Institute of Systems Motor Science, University of Lübeck, Lübeck 23562, Germany
| | - Christian Beste
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University Neuropsychology Center, TU Dresden, Dresden 01069, Germany
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Weissbach A, Moyé J, Takacs A, Verrel J, Chwolka F, Friedrich J, Paulus T, Zittel S, Bäumer T, Frings C, Pastötter B, Beste C, Münchau A. Perception-Action Integration Is Altered in Functional Movement Disorders. Mov Disord 2023; 38:1399-1409. [PMID: 37315159 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although functional neurological movement disorders (FMD) are characterized by motor symptoms, sensory processing has also been shown to be disturbed. However, how the integration of perception and motor processes, essential for the control of goal-directed behavior, is altered in patients with FMD is less clear. A detailed investigation of these processes is crucial to foster a better understanding of the pathophysiology of FMD and can systematically be achieved in the framework of the theory of event coding (TEC). OBJECTIVE The aim was to investigate perception-action integration processes on a behavioral and neurophysiological level in patients with FMD. METHODS A total of 21 patients and 21 controls were investigated with a TEC-related task, including concomitant electroencephalogram (EEG) recording. We focused on EEG correlates established to reflect perception-action integration processes. Temporal decomposition allowed to distinguish between EEG codes reflecting sensory (S-cluster), motor (R-cluster), and integrated sensory-motor processing (C-cluster). We also applied source localization analyses. RESULTS Behaviorally, patients revealed stronger binding between perception and action, as evidenced by difficulties in reconfiguring previously established stimulus-response associations. Such hyperbinding was paralleled by a modulation of neuronal activity clusters, including reduced C-cluster modulations of the inferior parietal cortex and altered R-cluster modulations in the inferior frontal gyrus. Correlations of these modulations with symptom severity were also evident. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that FMD is characterized by altered integration of sensory information with motor processes. Relations between clinical severity and both behavioral performance and neurophysiological abnormalities indicate that perception-action integration processes are central and a promising concept for the understanding of FMD. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Weissbach
- Institute of Systems Motor Science, Center of Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Josephine Moyé
- Institute of Systems Motor Science, Center of Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Adam Takacs
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Julius Verrel
- Institute of Systems Motor Science, Center of Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Fabian Chwolka
- Institute of Systems Motor Science, Center of Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Julia Friedrich
- Institute of Systems Motor Science, Center of Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Theresa Paulus
- Institute of Systems Motor Science, Center of Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Simone Zittel
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Bäumer
- Institute of Systems Motor Science, Center of Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christian Frings
- Department of Cognitive Psychology, Trier University Trier, Trier, Germany
| | - Bernhard Pastötter
- Department of Cognitive Psychology, Trier University Trier, Trier, Germany
| | - Christian Beste
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexander Münchau
- Institute of Systems Motor Science, Center of Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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Friedrich J, Rawish T, Bluschke A, Frings C, Beste C, Münchau A. Cognitive and Neural Mechanisms of Behavior Therapy for Tics: A Perception-Action Integration Approach. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1550. [PMID: 37371645 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
European clinical guidelines recommend the use of Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP) and Comprehensive Behavioral Intervention for Tics (CBIT) as first-line treatments for tic disorders. Although ongoing efforts in research are being made to understand the mechanisms underlying these behavioral approaches, as of yet, the neurophysiological mechanisms behind behavioral interventions are poorly understood. However, this is essential to tailor interventions to individual patients in order to increase compliance and efficacy. The Theory of Event Coding (TEC) and its derivative BRAC (Binding and Retrieval in Action Control) provide a theoretical framework to investigate cognitive and neural processes in the context of tic disorders. In this context, tics are conceptualized as a phenomenon of enhanced perception-action binding, with premonitory urges constituting the perceptual and the motor or vocal expression constituting the action part of an event file. Based on this, CBIT is assumed to strongly affect stimulus-response binding in the context of response selection, whereas the effects of ERP presumably unfold during stimulus-response binding in the response inhibition context. Further studies are needed to clarify the neurophysiological processes underlying behavioral interventions to enable the individualization and further development of therapeutic approaches for tic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Friedrich
- Institute of Systems Motor Science, Center for Brain, Behavior and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Tina Rawish
- Institute of Systems Motor Science, Center for Brain, Behavior and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Annet Bluschke
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Frings
- Department of Cognitive Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Trier, 54296 Trier, Germany
| | - Christian Beste
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- University Neuropsychology Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Cognitive Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Alexander Münchau
- Institute of Systems Motor Science, Center for Brain, Behavior and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
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Jamous R, Takacs A, Frings C, Münchau A, Mückschel M, Beste C. Unsigned surprise but not reward magnitude modulates the integration of motor elements during actions. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5379. [PMID: 37009782 PMCID: PMC10068803 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32508-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
It seems natural that motor responses unfold smoothly and that we are able to easily concatenate different components of movements to achieve goal-directed actions. Theoretical frameworks suggest that different motor features have to be bound to each other to achieve a coherent action. Yet, the nature of the "glue" (i.e., bindings) between elements constituting a motor sequence and enabling a smooth unfolding of motor acts is not well understood. We examined in how far motor feature bindings are affected by reward magnitude or the effects of an unsigned surprise signal. We show that the consistency of action file binding strength is modulated by unsigned surprise, but not by reward magnitude. On a conceptual and theoretical level, the results provide links between frameworks, which have until now not been brought into connection. In particular, theoretical accounts stating that only the unexpectedness (surprisingness) is essential for action control are connected to meta-control accounts of human action control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roula Jamous
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- University Neuropsychology Centre, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Adam Takacs
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- University Neuropsychology Centre, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Frings
- Cognitive Psychology Unit, Chair of General Psychology and Methodology, Faculty I - Psychology, University of Trier, Trier, Germany
| | - Alexander Münchau
- Institute of Systems Motor Science, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Moritz Mückschel
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- University Neuropsychology Centre, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Beste
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
- University Neuropsychology Centre, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
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Theta Activity Dynamics during Embedded Response Plan Processing in Tourette Syndrome. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020393. [PMID: 36830930 PMCID: PMC9953245 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) is a neuropsychiatric disorder. Because motor signs are the defining feature of GTS, addressing the neurophysiology of motor processes is central to understanding GTS. The integration of voluntary motor processes is subject to so-called "binding problems", i.e., how different aspects of an action are integrated. This was conceptualized in the theory of event coding, in which 'action files' accomplish the integration of motor features. We examined the functional neuroanatomical architecture of EEG theta band activity related to action file processing in GTS patients and healthy controls. Whereas, in keeping with previous data, behavioral performance during action file processing did not differ between GTS and controls, underlying patterns of neural activity were profoundly different. Superior parietal regions (BA7) were predominantly engaged in healthy controls, but superior frontal regions (BA9, BA10) in GTS indicated that the processing of different motor feature codes was central for action file processing in healthy controls, whereas episodic processing was more relevant in GTS. The data suggests a cascade of cognitive branching in fronto-polar areas followed by episodic processing in superior frontal regions in GTS. Patients with GTS accomplish the integration of motor plans via qualitatively different neurophysiological processes.
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Beste C. Overcoming the phenomenological Perpetuum mobile in clinical cognitive neuroscience for the benefit of replicability in research and the societal view on mental disorders. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:1054714. [DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.1054714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive neuroscience comes in many facets, and a particularly large branch of research is conducted in individuals with mental health problems. This article outlines why it is important that cognitive neuroscientists re-shape their role in mental health research and re-define directions of research for the next decades. At present, cognitive neuroscience research in mental health is too firmly rooted in categorial diagnostic definitions of mental health conditions. It is discussed why this hampers a mechanistic understanding of brain functions underlying mental health problems and why this is a problem for replicability in research. A possible solution to these problems is presented. This solution affects the strategy of research questions to be asked, how current trends to increase replicability in research can or cannot be applied in the mental health field and how data are analyzed. Of note, these aspects are not only relevant for the scientific process, but affect the societal view on mental disorders and the position of affected individuals as members of society, as well as the debate on the inclusion of so-called WEIRD and non-WEIRD people in studies. Accordingly, societal and science political aspects of re-defining the role of cognitive neuroscientists in mental health research are elaborated that will be important to shape cognitive neuroscience in mental health for the next decades.
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Hartmann A, Andrén P, Atkinson-Clement C, Czernecki V, Delorme C, Debes NM, Szejko N, Ueda K, Black K. Tourette syndrome research highlights from 2021. F1000Res 2022; 11:716. [PMID: 35923292 PMCID: PMC9315233 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.122708.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
We summarize selected research reports from 2021 relevant to Tourette syndrome that the authors consider most important or interesting. The authors welcome article suggestions and thoughtful feedback from readers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Hartmann
- Department of Neurology, APHP, Sorbonne University, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, 75013, France,
| | - Per Andrén
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cyril Atkinson-Clement
- Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Sorbonne Université, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Virginie Czernecki
- Department of Neurology, APHP, Sorbonne University, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Cécile Delorme
- Department of Neurology, APHP, Sorbonne University, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, 75013, France
| | | | - Natalia Szejko
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Keisuke Ueda
- Department of Psychiatry, Neurology, Radiology and Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Kevin Black
- Department of Psychiatry, Neurology, Radiology and Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
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Adelhöfer N, Paulus T, Mückschel M, Bäumer T, Bluschke A, Takacs A, Tóth-Fáber E, Tárnok Z, Roessner V, Weissbach A, Münchau A, Beste C. Increased scale-free and aperiodic neural activity during sensorimotor integration-a novel facet in Tourette syndrome. Brain Commun 2021; 3:fcab250. [PMID: 34805995 PMCID: PMC8599001 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcab250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tourette syndrome is a common neurodevelopmental disorder defined by multiple motor and phonic tics. Tics in Tourette syndrome resemble spontaneously occurring movements in healthy controls and are therefore sometimes difficult to distinguish from these. Tics may in fact be mis-interpreted as a meaningful action, i.e. a signal with social content, whereas they lack such information and could be conceived a surplus of action or 'motor noise'. These and other considerations have led to a 'neural noise account' of Tourette syndrome suggesting that the processing of neural noise and adaptation of the signal-to-noise ratio during information processing is relevant for the understanding of Tourette syndrome. So far, there is no direct evidence for this. Here, we tested the 'neural noise account' examining 1/f noise, also called scale-free neural activity as well as aperiodic activity, in n = 74 children, adolescents and adults with Tourette syndrome and n = 74 healthy controls during task performance using EEG data recorded during a sensorimotor integration task. In keeping with results of a previous study in adults with Tourette syndrome, behavioural data confirmed that sensorimotor integration was also stronger in this larger Tourette syndrome cohort underscoring the relevance of perceptual-action processes in this disorder. More importantly, we show that 1/f noise and aperiodic activity during sensorimotor processing is increased in patients with Tourette syndrome supporting the 'neural noise account'. This implies that asynchronous/aperiodic neural activity during sensorimotor integration is stronger in patients with Tourette syndrome compared to healthy controls, which is probably related to abnormalities of GABAergic and dopaminergic transmission in these patients. Differences in 1/f noise and aperiodic activity between patients with Tourette syndrome and healthy controls were driven by high-frequency oscillations and not lower-frequency activity currently discussed to be important in the pathophysiology of tics. This and the fact that Bayesian statistics showed that there is evidence for the absence of a correlation between neural noise and clinical measures of tics, suggest that increased 1/f noise and aperiodic activity are not directly related to tics but rather represents a novel facet of Tourette syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico Adelhöfer
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Theresa Paulus
- Institute of Systems Motor Science, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck, 23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Moritz Mückschel
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Tobias Bäumer
- Institute of Systems Motor Science, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Annet Bluschke
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Adam Takacs
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Eszter Tóth-Fáber
- Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1064 Budapest, Hungary.,Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1053 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsanett Tárnok
- Vadaskert Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Hospital and Outpatient Clinic, 1021 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Veit Roessner
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Anne Weissbach
- Institute of Systems Motor Science, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Alexander Münchau
- Institute of Systems Motor Science, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christian Beste
- Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany.,Cognitive Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Qianfoshan Campus, No. 88 East Wenhua Road, Lixia District, Ji'nan, 250014, China
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Towards an Ideology-Free, Truly Mechanistic Health Psychology. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111126. [PMID: 34769644 PMCID: PMC8583446 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Efficient transfer of concepts and mechanistic insights from the cognitive to the health sciences and back requires a clear, objective description of the problem that this transfer ought to solve. Unfortunately, however, the actual descriptions are commonly penetrated with, and sometimes even motivated by, cultural norms and preferences, a problem that has colored scientific theorizing about behavioral control—the key concept for many psychological health interventions. We argue that ideologies have clouded our scientific thinking about mental health in two ways: by considering the societal utility of individuals and their behavior a key criterion for distinguishing between healthy and unhealthy people, and by dividing what actually seem to be continuous functions relating psychological and neurocognitive underpinnings to human behavior into binary, discrete categories that are then taken to define clinical phenomena. We suggest letting both traditions go and establish a health psychology that restrains from imposing societal values onto individuals, and then taking the fit between behavior and values to conceptualize unhealthiness. Instead, we promote a health psychology that reconstructs behavior that is considered to be problematic from well-understood mechanistic underpinnings of human behavior.
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