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Koike H, Furukawa S, Mouri N, Fukami Y, Iijima M, Katsuno M. Dosage effects of PMP22 on nonmyelinating Schwann cells in hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies. Neuromuscul Disord 2022; 32:503-511. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Moss KR, Bopp TS, Johnson AE, Höke A. New evidence for secondary axonal degeneration in demyelinating neuropathies. Neurosci Lett 2021; 744:135595. [PMID: 33359733 PMCID: PMC7852893 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Development of peripheral nervous system (PNS) myelin involves a coordinated series of events between growing axons and the Schwann cell (SC) progenitors that will eventually ensheath them. Myelin sheaths have evolved out of necessity to maintain rapid impulse propagation while accounting for body space constraints. However, myelinating SCs perform additional critical functions that are required to preserve axonal integrity including mitigating energy consumption by establishing the nodal architecture, regulating axon caliber by organizing axonal cytoskeleton networks, providing trophic and potentially metabolic support, possibly supplying genetic translation materials and protecting axons from toxic insults. The intermediate steps between the loss of these functions and the initiation of axon degeneration are unknown but the importance of these processes provides insightful clues. Prevalent demyelinating diseases of the PNS include the inherited neuropathies Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease, Type 1 (CMT1) and Hereditary Neuropathy with Liability to Pressure Palsies (HNPP) and the inflammatory diseases Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (AIDP) and Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (CIDP). Secondary axon degeneration is a common feature of demyelinating neuropathies and this process is often correlated with clinical deficits and long-lasting disability in patients. There is abundant electrophysiological and histological evidence for secondary axon degeneration in patients and rodent models of PNS demyelinating diseases. Fully understanding the involvement of secondary axon degeneration in these diseases is essential for expanding our knowledge of disease pathogenesis and prognosis, which will be essential for developing novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn R Moss
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Division, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Taylor S Bopp
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Division, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Anna E Johnson
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Division, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ahmet Höke
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Division, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
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Wu R, Fu J, Meng L, Lv H, Wang Z, Zhirong J, Yuan Y. Homozygous splice‐site mutation c.78 + 5G>A in
PMP22
causes congenital hypomyelinating neuropathy. Neuropathology 2019; 39:441-446. [PMID: 31777123 DOI: 10.1111/neup.12604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wu
- Department of NeurologyPeking University First Hospital Beijing China
| | - Jun Fu
- Department of NeurologyPeking University First Hospital Beijing China
| | - Lingchao Meng
- Department of NeurologyPeking University First Hospital Beijing China
| | - He Lv
- Department of NeurologyPeking University First Hospital Beijing China
| | - Zhaoxia Wang
- Department of NeurologyPeking University First Hospital Beijing China
| | - Jia Zhirong
- Department of NeurologyPeking University First Hospital Beijing China
| | - Yun Yuan
- Department of NeurologyPeking University First Hospital Beijing China
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Jouaud M, Mathis S, Richard L, Lia AS, Magy L, Vallat JM. Rodent models with expression of PMP22: Relevance to dysmyelinating CMT and HNPP. J Neurol Sci 2019; 398:79-90. [PMID: 30685714 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Charcot-Marie-Tooth diseases (CMT) are due to abnormalities of many genes, the most frequent being linked to PMP22 (Peripheral Myelin Protein 22). In the past, only spontaneous genetic anomalies occurring in mouse mutants such as Trembler (Tr) mice were available; more recently, several rodent models have been generated for exploration of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these neuropathies. METHODS Based on the personal experience of our team, we describe here the pathological hallmarks of most of these animal models and compare them to the pathological features observed in some CMT patient nerves (CMT types 1A and E; hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies, HNPP). RESULTS We describe clinical data and detailed pathological analysis mainly by electron microscopy of the sciatic nerves of these animal models conducted in our laboratory; lesions of PMP22 deficient animals (KO and mutated PMP22) and PMP22 overexpressed models are described and compared to ultrastructural anomalies of nerve biopsies from CMT patients due to PMP22 gene anomalies. It is of note that while there are some similarities, there are also significant differences between the lesions in animal models and human cases. Such observations highlight the complex roles played by PMP22 in nerve development. CONCLUSION It should be borne in mind that we require additional correlations between animal models of hereditary neuropathies and CMT patients to rationalize the development of efficient drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Jouaud
- Equipe d'accueil 6309, Maintenance myélinique et Neuropathies périphériques, University of Limoges, 2 rue du Docteur Raymond Marcland, 87000 Limoges, France
| | - Stéphane Mathis
- Department of Neurology, Nerve-Muscle Unit, CHU Bordeaux (Pellegrin University Hospital), place Amélie Raba-Léon, 33000 Bordeaux, France; National Reference Center 'maladies neuromusculaires du Grand Sud-ouest', CHU Bordeaux (Pellegrin University Hospital), place Amélie Raba-Léon, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Laurence Richard
- Department of Neurology, CHU Limoges, Dupuytren University Hospital, 2 avenue Martin Luther King, 87042 Limoges, France; National Reference Center for 'Rare Peripheral Neuropathies', CHU Limoges, Dupuytren University Hospital, 2 avenue Martin Luther King, 87042 Limoges, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Lia
- Equipe d'accueil 6309, Maintenance myélinique et Neuropathies périphériques, University of Limoges, 2 rue du Docteur Raymond Marcland, 87000 Limoges, France; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, CHU Limoges, Dupuytren University Hospital, 2 avenue Martin Luther King, 87042 Limoges, France
| | - Laurent Magy
- Department of Neurology, CHU Limoges, Dupuytren University Hospital, 2 avenue Martin Luther King, 87042 Limoges, France; National Reference Center for 'Rare Peripheral Neuropathies', CHU Limoges, Dupuytren University Hospital, 2 avenue Martin Luther King, 87042 Limoges, France
| | - Jean-Michel Vallat
- Department of Neurology, CHU Limoges, Dupuytren University Hospital, 2 avenue Martin Luther King, 87042 Limoges, France; National Reference Center for 'Rare Peripheral Neuropathies', CHU Limoges, Dupuytren University Hospital, 2 avenue Martin Luther King, 87042 Limoges, France.
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Duchesne M, Mathis S, Richard L, Magdelaine C, Corcia P, Nouioua S, Tazir M, Magy L, Vallat JM. Nerve Biopsy Is Still Useful in Some Inherited Neuropathies. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2017; 77:88-99. [DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlx111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Mehta P, Küspert M, Bale T, Brownstein CA, Towne MC, De Girolami U, Shi J, Beggs AH, Darras BT, Wegner M, Piao X, Agrawal PB. Novel mutation in CNTNAP1 results in congenital hypomyelinating neuropathy. Muscle Nerve 2017; 55:761-765. [PMID: 27668699 DOI: 10.1002/mus.25416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Congenital hypomyelinating neuropathy (CHN) is a rare congenital neuropathy that presents in the neonatal period and has been linked previously to mutations in several genes associated with myelination. A recent study has linked 4 homozygous frameshift mutations in the contactin-associated protein 1 (CNTNAP1) gene with this condition. METHODS We report a neonate with CHN who was found to have absent sensory nerve and compound muscle action potentials and hypomyelination on nerve biopsy. RESULTS On whole exome sequencing, we identified a novel CNTNAP1 homozygous missense mutation (p.Arg388Pro) in the proband, and both parents were carriers. Molecular modeling suggests that this variant disrupts a β-strand to cause an unstable structure and likely significant changes in protein function. CONCLUSIONS This report links a missense CNTNAP1 variant to the disease phenotype previously associated only with frameshift mutations. Muscle Nerve 55: 761-765, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulomi Mehta
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
| | - Melanie Küspert
- Institut für Biochemie, Emil-Fischer-Zentrum, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tejus Bale
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Catherine A Brownstein
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Meghan C Towne
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Umberto De Girolami
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jiahai Shi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Alan H Beggs
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Basil T Darras
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael Wegner
- Institut für Biochemie, Emil-Fischer-Zentrum, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Xianhua Piao
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
| | - Pankaj B Agrawal
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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