1
|
Abou Chacra L, Fenollar F. Exploring the global vaginal microbiome and its impact on human health. Microb Pathog 2021; 160:105172. [PMID: 34500016 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Around the world, more than 175,000,000 women are diagnosed every year with gynaecological disease, in many cases contributing to high morbidity and mortality. For this reason, knowledge of the composition of the vaginal microbiome and its variations represents a real health challenge, as this is key to improving therapeutic management. This review traces the history of the poorly known vaginal microbiome and focuses on the latest findings concerning this ecosystem. Studies in the past decade have targeted complex bacterial communities within the vagina. However, due to the development of technology and the emergence of next generation sequencing (NGS), the exact definition of the vaginal microbiome has changed and can no longer be linked solely to the presence of bacteria. In order to reach a global view of the vaginal microbiome, it is essential to take into account all microorganisms that the vagina harbours, including fungi, viruses, archaea, and candidate phyla radiation. Although these communities represent only a minimal percentage of the vaginal microbiome, they may act as modifiers of its basic physiology and may play a key role in the maintenance of microbial communities, as well as metabolic and immune functions. Studies of the complex interactions between these different microorganisms have recently begun and are not yet fully understood. Results to date indicate that these microbial communities together constitute the first line of defence against infections. On the other hand, the slightest disturbance in this microbiome may lead to disease. For this reason, enhanced knowledge of these associations is critical to better identify predispositions to certain illnesses, which may open new therapeutic avenues. Currently however, only the tip of the iceberg is understood and current research on this ecosystem is revolutionising our knowledge and understanding of human health and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linda Abou Chacra
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, Marseille, France; IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Florence Fenollar
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, Marseille, France; IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Boxberger M, Hasni I, Bilen M, La Scola B. Corynebacterium neomassiliense sp. nov., a new bacterium isolated in a stool sample from a healthy male pygmy. New Microbes New Infect 2020; 34:100644. [PMID: 32089841 PMCID: PMC7026284 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2019.100644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
An obligate aerobic, Gram-positive, non-sporulating, rod-shaped bacterium designated Marseille P3888T was isolated from the stool sample of a healthy male pygmy. We described its main characteristics, and sequenced and annotated its genome. The 16S rRNA analysis revealed 98.10% sequence similarity with Corynebacterium terpenotabidum, the phylogenetically closest species with standing in nomenclature. The genome had a size of 3142051 bp with a guanine + cytosine content of 66.83%. We proposed the creation of the new Corynebacterium neomassiliense sp. nov. strain Marseille-P3888T.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. Boxberger
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEФI, Marseille, France
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - I. Hasni
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEФI, Marseille, France
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - M. Bilen
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEФI, Marseille, France
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - B. La Scola
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEФI, Marseille, France
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Diop K, Diop A, Levasseur A, Mediannikov O, Robert C, Armstrong N, Couderc C, Bretelle F, Raoult D, Fournier PE, Fenollar F. Microbial Culturomics Broadens Human Vaginal Flora Diversity: Genome Sequence and Description ofPrevotella lascolaiisp. nov. Isolated from a Patient with Bacterial Vaginosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 22:210-222. [DOI: 10.1089/omi.2017.0151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Khoudia Diop
- Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, UM 63, CNRS UMR 7278, IRD 198, INSERM U1095, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, Faculté de Médecine, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Awa Diop
- Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, UM 63, CNRS UMR 7278, IRD 198, INSERM U1095, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, Faculté de Médecine, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Anthony Levasseur
- Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, UM 63, CNRS UMR 7278, IRD 198, INSERM U1095, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, Faculté de Médecine, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Oleg Mediannikov
- Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, UM 63, CNRS UMR 7278, IRD 198, INSERM U1095, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, Faculté de Médecine, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Catherine Robert
- Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, UM 63, CNRS UMR 7278, IRD 198, INSERM U1095, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, Faculté de Médecine, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Nicholas Armstrong
- Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, UM 63, CNRS UMR 7278, IRD 198, INSERM U1095, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, Faculté de Médecine, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Carine Couderc
- Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, UM 63, CNRS UMR 7278, IRD 198, INSERM U1095, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, Faculté de Médecine, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Florence Bretelle
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Gynépole, Hôpital Nord, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Didier Raoult
- Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, UM 63, CNRS UMR 7278, IRD 198, INSERM U1095, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, Faculté de Médecine, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pierre-Edouard Fournier
- Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, UM 63, CNRS UMR 7278, IRD 198, INSERM U1095, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, Faculté de Médecine, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Florence Fenollar
- Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, UM 63, CNRS UMR 7278, IRD 198, INSERM U1095, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, Faculté de Médecine, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Diop K, Andrieu C, Michelle C, Armstrong N, Bittar F, Bretelle F, Fournier PE, Raoult D, Fenollar F. Characterization of a New Ezakiella Isolated from the Human Vagina: Genome Sequence and Description of Ezakiella massiliensis sp. nov. Curr Microbiol 2017; 75:456-463. [PMID: 29188320 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-017-1402-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The study of the vaginal microbiota using the "culturomics concept" allowed us to isolate, from the vaginal swab of an asymptomatic 20-year-old woman who had sexual relations with another woman with bacterial vaginosis, an unknown Gram-positive anaerobic coccus-shaped bacterium that was designated strain Marseille-P2951T and characterized using taxono-genomics. Strain Marseille-P2951T is non-motile and non-spore forming and exhibits catalase and oxidase activities. Its 16S rRNA gene-based identification showed 98.5% identity with Ezakiella peruensis, the phylogenetically closest species. The major fatty acids are C18:1n9 (58%) and C16:0 (22%). With a 1,741,785 bp length, the G+C content of the genome is 36.69%. Of a total of 1657 genes, 1606 are protein-coding genes and 51 RNAs. Also, 1123 genes are assigned a putative function and 127 are ORFans. Phenotypic, phylogenetic, and genomics analyses revealed that strain Marseille-P2951T (=CSUR P2951 =DSM 103122) is distinct and represents a new species of the genus Ezakiella, for which the name Ezakiella massiliensis sp. nov. is proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khoudia Diop
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, AMU UM 63, CNRS UMR7278, IRD 198, INSERM U1095, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, Faculté de Médecine, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille Cedex 05, France
| | - Claudia Andrieu
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, AMU UM 63, CNRS UMR7278, IRD 198, INSERM U1095, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, Faculté de Médecine, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille Cedex 05, France
| | - Caroline Michelle
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, AMU UM 63, CNRS UMR7278, IRD 198, INSERM U1095, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, Faculté de Médecine, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille Cedex 05, France
| | - Nicholas Armstrong
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, AMU UM 63, CNRS UMR7278, IRD 198, INSERM U1095, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, Faculté de Médecine, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille Cedex 05, France
| | - Fadi Bittar
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, AMU UM 63, CNRS UMR7278, IRD 198, INSERM U1095, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, Faculté de Médecine, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille Cedex 05, France
| | - Florence Bretelle
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, AMU UM 63, CNRS UMR7278, IRD 198, INSERM U1095, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, Faculté de Médecine, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille Cedex 05, France.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Gynépole, Marseille, Hôpital Nord, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, AMU, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille Cedex 05, France
| | - Pierre-Edouard Fournier
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, AMU UM 63, CNRS UMR7278, IRD 198, INSERM U1095, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, Faculté de Médecine, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille Cedex 05, France
| | - Didier Raoult
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, AMU UM 63, CNRS UMR7278, IRD 198, INSERM U1095, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, Faculté de Médecine, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille Cedex 05, France.,Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Florence Fenollar
- Aix-Marseille Univ, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes, AMU UM 63, CNRS UMR7278, IRD 198, INSERM U1095, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, Faculté de Médecine, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005, Marseille Cedex 05, France.
| |
Collapse
|