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Bourdin V, Charlier P, Crevat S, Slimani L, Chaussain C, Kielbasa M, Pible O, Armengaud J. Deep Paleoproteotyping and Microtomography Revealed No Heart Defect nor Traces of Embalming in the Cardiac Relics of Blessed Pauline Jaricot. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24033011. [PMID: 36769339 PMCID: PMC9917977 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24033011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Scientific examination of the heart of Blessed Pauline Jaricot-a French missionary figure-was carried out in 2022. As tandem mass spectrometry proteotyping has proven to be valuable to obtain the broad taxonomic repertoire of a given sample without any a priori information, we aimed at exploring the conditions of preservation of the relics and possible conditions of death. Metaproteomics and high-resolution microtomography imaging approaches were combined. A dataset comprising 6731 high-resolution MS/MS spectra was acquired and 968 of these spectra could be assigned to specific peptidic biomolecules. Based on the taxonomical information encompassed by the identified peptide sequences, 5 phyla were identified amongst eukaryota (94% of the biomass): Ascomycota (55%), with the species Aspergillus versicolor, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Aspergillus glaucus, corresponding to expected cadaverous fungal flora; Chordata (42%), represented by a unique species, Homo sapiens; Streptophyta (3%); and Arthropoda (traces). Bacteria (6% of the biomass) were poorly represented. No trace of embalming substance could be retrieved, nor any pathogens. Imaging evidenced no heart defect nor embalming traces. No evidence that was inconsistent with natural and spontaneous conservation could be retrieved. This study prefigures the power of modern molecular techniques such as paleoproteotyping coupled to microtomography to gain insight into historical relics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Bourdin
- Museum of Quai Branly—Jacques Chirac, 222 rue de l’Université, 75007 Paris, France
- Laboratory Anthropology, Archaeology, Biology (LAAB), UFR of Health Sciences (Paris-Saclay University), 2 avenue de la Source de la Bièvre, 78180 Montigny-Le-Bretonneux, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Philippe Charlier
- Museum of Quai Branly—Jacques Chirac, 222 rue de l’Université, 75007 Paris, France
- Laboratory Anthropology, Archaeology, Biology (LAAB), UFR of Health Sciences (Paris-Saclay University), 2 avenue de la Source de la Bièvre, 78180 Montigny-Le-Bretonneux, France
- Foundation Anthropology, Archaeology, Biology (FAAB)—Institut de France, 23 quai de Conti, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Crevat
- Arlliage, 6 Grande Route des Feuillants, F-69001 Lyon, France
| | - Lotfi Slimani
- Université Paris Cité, Laboratory URP2496 Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies, PIV Platform, Dental School, 1 rue Maurice Arnoux, 92120 Montrouge, France
| | - Catherine Chaussain
- Université Paris Cité, Laboratory URP2496 Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging and Biotherapies, PIV Platform, Dental School, 1 rue Maurice Arnoux, 92120 Montrouge, France
- APHP, Hôpital Bretonneau, GH Nord Université Paris Cité, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Mélodie Kielbasa
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SPI, 30200 Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
| | - Olivier Pible
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SPI, 30200 Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
| | - Jean Armengaud
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SPI, 30200 Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
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López-Moreno A, Ruiz-Moreno Á, Pardo-Cacho J, Cerk K, Torres-Sánchez A, Ortiz P, Úbeda M, Aguilera M. Culturing and Molecular Approaches for Identifying Microbiota Taxa Impacting Children's Obesogenic Phenotypes Related to Xenobiotic Dietary Exposure. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14020241. [PMID: 35057422 PMCID: PMC8778816 DOI: 10.3390/nu14020241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrated data from molecular and improved culturomics studies might offer holistic insights on gut microbiome dysbiosis triggered by xenobiotics, such as obesity and metabolic disorders. Bisphenol A (BPA), a dietary xenobiotic obesogen, was chosen for a directed culturing approach using microbiota specimens from 46 children with obesity and normal-weight profiles. In parallel, a complementary molecular analysis was carried out to estimate the BPA metabolising capacities. Firstly, catalogues of 237 BPA directed-cultured microorganisms were isolated using five selected media and several BPA treatments and conditions. Taxa from Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria were the most abundant in normal-weight and overweight/obese children, with species belonging to the genera Enterococcus, Escherichia, Staphylococcus, Bacillus, and Clostridium. Secondly, the representative isolated taxa from normal-weight vs. overweight/obese were grouped as BPA biodegrader, tolerant, or resistant bacteria, according to the presence of genes encoding BPA enzymes in their whole genome sequences. Remarkably, the presence of sporobiota and concretely Bacillus spp. showed the higher BPA biodegradation potential in overweight/obese group compared to normal-weight, which could drive a relevant role in obesity and metabolic dysbiosis triggered by these xenobiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana López-Moreno
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (Á.R.-M.); (J.P.-C.); (K.C.); (A.T.-S.); (P.O.); (M.Ú.)
- Center of Biomedical Research, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Microbiota Laboratory, IBS: Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.L.-M.); (M.A.); Tel.: +34-9-5824-5129 (M.A.)
| | - Ángel Ruiz-Moreno
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (Á.R.-M.); (J.P.-C.); (K.C.); (A.T.-S.); (P.O.); (M.Ú.)
- Center of Biomedical Research, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Jesús Pardo-Cacho
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (Á.R.-M.); (J.P.-C.); (K.C.); (A.T.-S.); (P.O.); (M.Ú.)
| | - Klara Cerk
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (Á.R.-M.); (J.P.-C.); (K.C.); (A.T.-S.); (P.O.); (M.Ú.)
- Center of Biomedical Research, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Alfonso Torres-Sánchez
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (Á.R.-M.); (J.P.-C.); (K.C.); (A.T.-S.); (P.O.); (M.Ú.)
- Center of Biomedical Research, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Pilar Ortiz
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (Á.R.-M.); (J.P.-C.); (K.C.); (A.T.-S.); (P.O.); (M.Ú.)
- Center of Biomedical Research, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Marina Úbeda
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (Á.R.-M.); (J.P.-C.); (K.C.); (A.T.-S.); (P.O.); (M.Ú.)
| | - Margarita Aguilera
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (Á.R.-M.); (J.P.-C.); (K.C.); (A.T.-S.); (P.O.); (M.Ú.)
- Center of Biomedical Research, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Microbiota Laboratory, IBS: Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.L.-M.); (M.A.); Tel.: +34-9-5824-5129 (M.A.)
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