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Huang Y, Wang Z, Huang ZX, Liu Z. Biomarkers and the outcomes of ischemic stroke. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1171101. [PMID: 37342100 PMCID: PMC10277488 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1171101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers are measurable substances that could be used as objective indicators for disease diagnosis, responses to treatments, and outcomes predictions. In this review, we summarized the data on a number of important biomarkers including glutamate, S100B, glial fibrillary acidic protein, receptor for advanced glycation end-products, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, von willebrand factor, matrix metalloproteinase-9, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-a, activated protein C, copeptin, neuron-specific enolase, tau protein, gamma aminobutyric acid, blood glucose, endothelial progenitor cells, and circulating CD34-positive cells that could be potentially used to indicate the disease burden and/or predict clinical outcome of ischemic stroke. We examined the relationship between specific biomarkers and disease burden and outcomes and discussed the potential mechanisms underlying the relationship. The clinical significance and implications of these biomarkers were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenzhen Wang
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi-Xin Huang
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- Center for Precision Medicine and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, United States
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Li D, Cui D, Jia S, Liu X, Wang X, Qiu D, Wang YF. Involvement of Supraoptic Astrocytes in Basilar Artery Occlusion-Evoked Differential Activation of Vasopressin Neurons and Vasopressin Secretion in Rats. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:2651-2661. [PMID: 33532897 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03246-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Vasopressin (VP) is a key factor in the development of brain injury in ischemic stroke. However, the regulation of VP secretion in basilar artery occlusion (BAO) remains unclear. To clarify the regulation of VP secretion in BAO and the underlying mechanisms, we performed this study in a rat model of BAO with (BC) or without common carotid artery occlusion (CCAO). The results showed that BAO and BC time-dependently increased neurological scores and that BC also increased water contents in the medulla at 2 h and in the pontine at 8 h. Moreover, plasma VP level increased significantly at BAO-8 h, CCAO and BC-2 h but not at BC-8 h; however, VP expressions increased in the supraoptic nucleus (SON) at BC-8 h. The neurological scores were highly correlated with pontine water contents and plasma VP levels. The number of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase1/2-positive VP neurons increased significantly in the SON at BC-8 h. Similarly, the number of c-Fos-positive VP neurons increased significantly in the SON at BAO-8 h and BC-8 h. In addition, the length of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) filaments increased significantly in BC compared to BAO only. Aquaporin 4 (AQP4) puncta around VP neurons increased significantly at BC-8 h relative to BC-2 h, which had negative correlation with plasma VP levels. These findings indicate that BAO facilitates VP secretion and increases VP neuronal activity in the SON. The peripheral VP release is possibly under a negative feedback regulation of central VP neuronal activity through increasing GFAP and AQP4 expression in astrocytic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyang Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang, Harbin, 150081, China.
- Department of Physiology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.
| | - Dan Cui
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Shuwei Jia
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xiaoran Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Delai Qiu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, College of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Yu-Feng Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang, Harbin, 150081, China.
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Lv J, Hua SJ, Wu XF, Ding YJ, Zhang CL, Sun FJ. REMOVED: Antidiuretic hormone associates with the cognitive memory in small-cell lung cancer patients. CURRENT RESEARCH IN BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crbeha.2021.100061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Can B, Oz S, Sahinturk V, Musmul A, Alatas İO. Effects of Conivaptan versus Mannitol on Post-Ischemic Brain Injury and Edema. Eurasian J Med 2019; 51:42-48. [PMID: 30911255 DOI: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2019.18368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to compare the effects of conivaptan, an arginine vasopressin antagonist, and mannitol, a sugar alcohol, on cerebral ischemia-induced brain injury and edema in rats. Materials and Methods Fifty-eight 8-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups: control, ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)+saline, I/R+mannitol, I/R+10 mg/ml conivaptan, and I/R+20 mg/ml conivaptan. Cerebral ischemia was induced by common carotid artery occlusion for 30 minutes. Saline, mannitol, or conivaptan were administered intravenously at the onset of reperfusion. Blood and brain tissue samples were taken at the 6th hour of reperfusion. The electrolytes (Na+-K+-Cl-), osmolality, arginine vasopressin, albumin, progranulin (PGRN), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and myeloperoxidase activity were measured in rat serum samples. Brain frontal/hippocampal sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and TUNEL techniques to evaluate histopathological changes. Results Statistical analyses revealed that conivaptan caused significant changes in the electrolyte, NSE, and PGRN levels and osmolality when compared with mannitol. Conivaptan treatment showed positive effects on serum biochemistry and tissue histology. Conclusion Our findings revealed that conivaptan shows more diuretic activity than mannitol and triggers neither any damages nor edema in the brain tissue. This study may provide beneficial information for the development of treatment strategies for ischemia-related cerebrovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betul Can
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Eskisehir Osmangazi University School of Medicine, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Semih Oz
- Department of Health Services, Eskisehir Osmangazi University Vocational School of Health Services, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Varol Sahinturk
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University School of Medicine, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Musmul
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Eskisehir Osmangazi University Vocational School of Health Services, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Ozkan Alatas
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Eskisehir Osmangazi University School of Medicine, Eskisehir, Turkey
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Park JH, Cho JH, Ahn JH, Choi SY, Lee TK, Lee JC, Shin BN, Hong S, Jeon YH, Kim YM, Hwang IK, Lee YJ, Won MH, Kang IJ. Neuronal loss and gliosis in the rat striatum subjected to 15 and 30 minutes of middle cerebral artery occlusion. Metab Brain Dis 2018; 33:775-784. [PMID: 29354885 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-018-0192-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Selective neuronal death or loss in certain brain regions has been well characterized in animal models of transient global cerebral ischemia. However, selective neuronal death in transient focal cerebral ischemia needs more investigation. Therefore, in this study, we studied selective neuronal death in the striatum (caudate putamen) of rats subjected to 15 or 30 min middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Neuronal death occurred in the dorsolateral field, not in the medial field in 30 min, not 15 min, MCAO-operated rats 5 days after MCAO using neuronal nuclear antigen immunohistochemistry and Fluoro-Jade B histofluorescence staining. In this group, immunoreactivity of glial fibrillary acidic protein in astrocytes was hardly shown in the dorsolateral field, although the immunoreactivity increased in the medial field. In addition, immunoreactivity of ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1 in microglia was dramatically increased in the dorsolateral, not in the medial, field only in 30 min MCAO-operated rats. Briefly, these results show that at least 30 min of MCAO can evoke selective neuronal death, astrocytic dysfunction and microglial activation in the dorsolateral field of the rat striatum and suggest that a rat model of 30 min MCAO can be used to investigate mechanisms of neuronal death and gliosis following brief transient focal cerebral ischemic events for acute transient ischemic attack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon Ha Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hwi Cho
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, 1 Kangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyeon Ahn
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Kyeong Lee
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, 1 Kangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Chul Lee
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, 1 Kangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Bich Na Shin
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, 1 Kangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongkweon Hong
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, 1 Kangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hwan Jeon
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, 1 Kangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Myeong Kim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, 1 Kangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - In Koo Hwang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Joo Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul Hospital, College of Medicine, Sooncheonhyang University, 59 Daesagwan-ro, Seoul, 04401, Republic of Korea
| | - Moo-Ho Won
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, 1 Kangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24341, Republic of Korea.
| | - Il Jun Kang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24252, Republic of Korea.
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Geng CH, Wang C, Yang J, Wang H, Ma RQ, Liu X, Wang CH. Arginine vasopressin improves the memory deficits in Han Chinese patients with first-episode schizophrenia. Peptides 2017; 97:8-15. [PMID: 28882471 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The memory impairment is a core deficit in the first-episode schizophrenia patients. Arginine vasopressin (AVP) in the brain can improve learning and memory. We performed multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group clinical trial to study the cognitive functioning in Han Chinese first-episode schizophrenic patients in a 12-week treatment regime with the intranasal administration of AVP (128 cases) or placebo (131 cases) in addition to the conventional treatment. The methods of positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS), Wechsler memory scale-4th edition (WMS-IV) and event-related potential (ERP) were used to study the effects of AVP on the cognitive function. The results showed that (1) AVP concentration decreased in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of the right-handed Han Chinese first-episode schizophrenic patients comparing with that of the health volunteers (7.1±1.5pg/ml vs 13.3±1.9pg/ml, p<0.01), and did not change in plasma; (2) AVP significantly improved PANSS scores including total scores, positive symptoms, negative symptoms and general psychopathology comparing with those of the placebo group; (3) AVP elevated WMS-IV scores including the long-term memory (accumulation), short-term memory (recognition, comprehension), immediate memory (number recitation) and memory quotient 4, 8 and 12 weeks after treatment; and (4) AVP did not influence the latency and wave amplitude of target stimulus of P300 of right-handed Han Chinese first-episode schizophrenic patients. The data suggested that AVP might improve cognitive process, such as memorizing and extraction of the information although there were many changes of cognitive functions in the right-handed Han Chinese first-episode schizophrenic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Hong Geng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University and Henan Province Mental Hospital, Xinxiang, Henan 453002, China
| | - Chao Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University and Henan Province Mental Hospital, Xinxiang, Henan 453002, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Xinxiang Institute for New Medicine, Xinxing, Henan 453003, China; Xinjiang Hongda Food & Beverage Ltd., Xinjiang, Shanxi 043110, China.
| | - Hua Wang
- Xinxiang Institute for New Medicine, Xinxing, Henan 453003, China; Xinjiang Hongda Food & Beverage Ltd., Xinjiang, Shanxi 043110, China
| | - Rui-Qing Ma
- Xinxiang Institute for New Medicine, Xinxing, Henan 453003, China
| | - Xu Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University and Henan Province Mental Hospital, Xinxiang, Henan 453002, China
| | - Chang-Hong Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University and Henan Province Mental Hospital, Xinxiang, Henan 453002, China
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Kim MJ, Kim YY, Chao JR, Park HS, Chang J, Oh D, Lee JJ, Kang TC, Suh JG, Lee JH. Comparing the Organs and Vasculature of the Head and Neck in Five Murine Species. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 31:861-871. [PMID: 28882952 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The purpose of the present study was to delineate the cervical and facial vascular and associated anatomy in five murine species, and compare them for optimal use in research studies focused on understanding the pathology and treatment of diseases in humans. MATERIALS AND METHODS The specific adult male animals examined were mice (C57BL/6J), rats (F344), mongolian gerbils (Merionesunguiculatus), hamsters (Syrian), and guinea pigs (Hartley). To stain the vasculature and organs, of the face and neck, each animal was systemically perfused using the vital stain, Trypan Blue. Following this step, the detailed anatomy of the head and neck could be easily visualized in all species. RESULTS Unique morphological characteristics were demonstrated by comparing the five species, including symmetry of the common carotid origin bilaterally in the Mongolian Gerbil, a large submandibular gland in the hamster and an enlarged buccal branch in the Guinea Pig. In reviewing the anatomical details, this staining technique proves superior for direct surgical visualization and identification. CONCLUSION The anatomical details provided through these five species atlas will help experimental researchers in the future to select the most appropriate animal model for specific laboratory studies aimed to improve our understanding and treatment of diseases in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jae Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Yeon Kim
- Department of Medical Genetics, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Janet Ren Chao
- School of Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, U.S.A
| | - Hae Sang Park
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.,Institute of New Frontier Research, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Chang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.,Institute of New Frontier Research, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dawoon Oh
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, Dongtan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Jun Lee
- Institute of New Frontier Research, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Chun Kang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Gyo Suh
- Department of Medical Genetics, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Ho Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea .,Institute of New Frontier Research, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
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Yamagata K, Takahashi N, Akita N, Nabika T. Arginine vasopressin altered the expression of monocarboxylate transporters in cultured astrocytes isolated from stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats and congenic SHRpch1_18 rats. J Neuroinflammation 2017; 14:176. [PMID: 28865453 PMCID: PMC5581459 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-017-0949-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Astrocytes support a range of brain functions as well as neuronal survival, but their detailed relationship with stroke-related edema is not well understood. We previously demonstrated that the release of lactate from astrocytes isolated from stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP/Izm) was attenuated under stroke conditions. The supply of lactate to neurons is regulated by astrocytic monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs). The purpose of this study was to examine the contributions of arginine vasopressin (AVP) and/or hypoxia and reoxygenation (H/R) to the regulation of MCTs and neurotrophic factor in astrocytes obtained from SHRSP/Izm and congenic SHRpch1_18 rats. Methods We compared AVP-induced lactate levels, MCTs, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in astrocytes isolated from SHRSP/Izm, SHRpch1_18, and Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY/Izm). The expression levels of genes and proteins were determined by PCR and Western blotting (WB). Results The production of lactate induced by AVP was increased in astrocytes from all three strains. However, the levels of lactate were lower in SHRSP/Izm and SHRpch1_18 animals compared with the WKY/Izm strain. Gene expression levels of Slc16a1, Slc16a4, and Bdnf were lowered by AVP in SHRSP/Izm and SHRpch1_18 rats compared with WKY/Izm. The increase of MCT4 that was induced by AVP was blocked by the addition of a specific nitric oxide (NO) chelator, 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (CPTIO). Furthermore, AVP increased the expression of iNOS and eNOS proteins in WKY/Izm and SHRSP/Izm rat astrocytes. However, the iNOS expression levels in SHRSP astrocytes differed from those of WKY/Izm astrocytes. The increase of MCT4 protein expression during AVP treatment was blocked by the addition of a specific NF-kB inhibitor, pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC). The induction of MCT4 by AVP may be regulated by NO through NF-kB. Conclusions These results suggest that the expression of MCTs mediated by AVP may be regulated by NO. The data suggest that AVP attenuated the expression of MCTs in SHRSP/Izm and SHRpch1_18 astrocytes. Reduced expression of MCTs may be associated with decreased lactate production in SHRSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Yamagata
- Laboratory of Molecular Health of Food, Department of Food Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University (NUBS), 1866, Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-8510, Japan.
| | - Natsumi Takahashi
- Laboratory of Molecular Health of Food, Department of Food Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University (NUBS), 1866, Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-8510, Japan
| | - Nozomi Akita
- Laboratory of Molecular Health of Food, Department of Food Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University (NUBS), 1866, Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-8510, Japan
| | - Toru Nabika
- Department of Functional Pathology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Matsue, Japan
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Lee JC, Kim YH, Lee TK, Kim IH, Cho JH, Cho GS, Shin BN, Park JH, Ahn JH, Shin MC, Cho JH, Kang IJ, Won MH, Seo JY. Effects of ischemic preconditioning on PDGF-BB expression in the gerbil hippocampal CA1 region following transient cerebral ischemia. Mol Med Rep 2017. [PMID: 28627606 PMCID: PMC5562056 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) is induced by exposure to brief durations of transient ischemia, which results in ischemic tolerance to a subsequent longer or lethal period of ischemia. In the present study, the effects of IPC (2 min of transient cerebral ischemia) were examined on immunoreactivity of platelet‑derived growth factor (PDGF)‑BB and on neuroprotection in the gerbil hippocampal CA1 region following lethal transient cerebral ischemia (LTCI; 5 min of transient cerebral ischemia). IPC was subjected to a 2‑min sublethal ischemia and a LTCI was given 5‑min transient ischemia. The animals in all of the groups were given recovery times of 1, 2 and 5 days and change in PDGF‑BB immunoreactivity was examined as was the neuronal damage/death in the hippocampus induced by LTCI. LTCI induced a significant loss of pyramidal neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region 5 days after LTCI, and significantly decreased PDGF‑BB immunoreactivity in the CA1 pyramidal neurons from day 1 after LTCI. Conversely, IPC effectively protected the CA1 pyramidal neurons from LTCI and increased PDGF‑BB immunoreactivity in the CA1 pyramidal neurons post‑LTCI. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that LTCI significantly altered PDGF‑BB immunoreactivity in pyramidal neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region, whereas IPC increased the immunoreactivity. These findings indicated that PDGF‑BB may be associated with IPC‑mediated neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Chul Lee
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Yang Hee Kim
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Kyeong Lee
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - In Hye Kim
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hwi Cho
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Geum-Sil Cho
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Shinpoong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Ansan, Gyeonggi 15610, Republic of Korea
| | - Bich-Na Shin
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Ha Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyeon Ahn
- Department of Biomedical Science, Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Cheol Shin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hwi Cho
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Jun Kang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Moo-Ho Won
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Yeol Seo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24252, Republic of Korea
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Chen BH, Ahn JH, Park JH, Shin BN, Lee YL, Kang IJ, Hong S, Kim YH, Jeon YH, Kim IH, Cho JH, Lee TK, Lee JC, Won MH, Cho JH, Moon JB. Transient Cerebral Ischemia Alters GSK-3β and p-GSK-3β Immunoreactivity in Pyramidal Neurons and Induces p-GSK-3β Expression in Astrocytes in the Gerbil Hippocampal CA1 Area. Neurochem Res 2017; 42:2305-2313. [PMID: 28349361 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-017-2245-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) is a key downstream protein in the PI3K/Akt pathway. Phosphorylation of serine 9 of GSK-3β (GSK-3β activity inhibition) promotes cell survival. In this study, we examined changes in expressions of GSK-3β and phosphorylation of GSK-3β (p-GSK-3β) in the gerbil hippocampal CA1 area after 5 min of transient cerebral ischemia. GSK-3β immunoreactivity in the CA1 area was increased in pyramidal cells at 6 h after ischemia-reperfusion. It was decreased in CA1 pyramidal cells from 12 h after ischemia-reperfusion, and hardly detected in the CA1 pyramidal cells at 5 days after ischemia-reperfusion. p-GSK-3β immunoreactivity was slightly decreased in CA1 pyramidal cells at 6 and 12 h after ischemia-reperfusion. It was significantly increased in these cells at 1 and 2 days after ischemia-reperfusion. Five days after ischemia-reperfusion, p-GSK-3β immunoreactivity was hardly found in CA1 pyramidal cells. However, p-GSK-3β immunoreactivity was strongly expressed in astrocytes primarily distributed in strata oriens and radiatum. In conclusion, GSK-3β and p-GSK-3β were significantly changed in pyramidal cells and/or astrocytes in the gerbil hippocampal CA1 area following 5 min of transient cerebral ischemia. This finding indicates that GSK-3β and p-GSK-3β are closely related to delayed neuronal death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bai Hui Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Neuroscience, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji Hyeon Ahn
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, South Korea
| | - Joon Ha Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, South Korea
| | - Bich Na Shin
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, and Institute of Neurodegeneration and Neuroregeneration, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, South Korea
| | - Yun Lyul Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, and Institute of Neurodegeneration and Neuroregeneration, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, South Korea
| | - Il Jun Kang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, South Korea
| | - Seongkweon Hong
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Yang Hee Kim
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Yong Hwan Jeon
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24289, South Korea
| | - In Hye Kim
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Jeong Hwi Cho
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Tae-Kyeong Lee
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Jae Chul Lee
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Moo-Ho Won
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea.
| | - Jun Hwi Cho
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea
| | - Joong Bum Moon
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, South Korea.
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11
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Park JH, Park CW, Ahn JH, Choi SY, Shin MC, Cho JH, Lee TK, Kim IH, Cho JH, Lee JC, Kim YH, Kim YM, Kim JD, Tae HJ, Shin BN, Bae EJ, Chen BH, Won MH, Kang IJ. Neuroprotection and reduced gliosis by pre- and post-treatments of hydroquinone in a gerbil model of transient cerebral ischemia. Chem Biol Interact 2017; 278:230-238. [PMID: 28137511 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Hydroquinone (HQ), a major metabolite of benzene, exists in many plant-derived food and products. Although many studies have addressed biological properties of HQ including the regulation of immune responses and antioxidant activity, neuroprotective effects of HQ following ischemic insults have not yet been considered. Therefore, in this study, we examined neuroprotective effects of HQ against ischemic damage in the gerbil hippocampal cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) region following 5 min of transient cerebral ischemia. We found that pre- and post-treatments with 50 and 100 mg/kg of HQ protected CA1 pyramidal neurons from ischemic insult. Especially, pre- and post-treatments with 100 mg/kg of HQ showed strong neuroprotective effects against ischemic damage. In addition, pre- and post-treatments with 100 mg/kg of HQ significantly attenuated activations of astrocytes and microglia in the ischemic CA1 region compared to the vehicle-treated-ischemia-operated group. Briefly, these results show that pre- and post-treatments with HQ can protect neurons from transient cerebral ischemia and strongly attenuate ischemia-induced glial activation in the hippocampal CA1 region, and indicate that HQ can be used for both prevention and therapy of ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon Ha Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, South Korea
| | - Chan Woo Park
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Ji Hyeon Ahn
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, South Korea
| | - Soo Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, South Korea
| | - Myoung Cheol Shin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Jun Hwi Cho
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Tae-Kyeong Lee
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - In Hye Kim
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Jeong Hwi Cho
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Jae-Chul Lee
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Yang Hee Kim
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Young-Myeong Kim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Jong-Dai Kim
- Division of Food Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Tae
- Bio-Safety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, 54596, South Korea
| | - Bich Na Shin
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, South Korea
| | - Eun Joo Bae
- Department of Pediatrics, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24253, South Korea
| | - Bai Hui Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Neuroscience, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China
| | - Moo-Ho Won
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea.
| | - Il Jun Kang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, South Korea.
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12
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Zeynalov E, Jones SM, Elliott JP. Continuous IV Infusion is the Choice Treatment Route for Arginine-vasopressin Receptor Blocker Conivaptan in Mice to Study Stroke-evoked Brain Edema. J Vis Exp 2016. [PMID: 27684044 DOI: 10.3791/54170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. Stroke is complicated by brain edema and other pathophysiological events. Among the most important players in the development and evolution of stroke-evoked brain edema is the hormone arginine-vasopressin and its receptors, V1a and V2. Recently, the V1a and V2 receptor blocker conivaptan has been attracting attention as a potential drug to reduce brain edema after stroke. However, animal models which involve conivaptan applications in stroke research need to be modified based on feasible routes of administration. Here the outcomes of 48 hr continuous intravenous (IV) are compared with intraperitoneal (IP) conivaptan treatments after experimental stroke in mice. We developed a protocol in which middle cerebral artery occlusion was combined with catheter installation into the jugular vein for IV treatment of conivaptan (0.2 mg) or vehicle. Different cohorts of animals were treated with 0.2 mg bolus of conivaptan or vehicle IP daily. Experimental stroke-evoked brain edema was evaluated in mice after continuous IV and IP treatments. Comparison of the results revealed that the continuous IV administration of conivaptan alleviates post-ischemic brain edema in mice, unlike the IP administration of conivaptan. We conclude that our model can be used for future studies of conivaptan applications in the context of stroke and brain edema.
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Yang M, Orgah J, Zhu J, Fan G, Han J, Wang X, Zhang B, Zhu Y. Danhong injection attenuates cardiac injury induced by ischemic and reperfused neuronal cells through regulating arginine vasopressin expression and secretion. Brain Res 2016; 1642:516-523. [PMID: 27107944 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is associated with cardiac myocyte vulnerability through some unknown mechanisms. Arginine vasopressin (AVP) may exert considerable function in the relationship of brain damage and heart failure. Danhong injection (DHI) can protect both stroke and heart failure patients with good efficacy in clinics. The aim of this study is to investigate the mechanism of DHI in heart and brain co-protection effects to determine whether AVP plays key role in this course. In the present study, we found that both the supernatant from oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) and reperfused primary rat neuronal cells (PRNCs) and AVP treatment caused significant reduction in cell viability and mitochondrial activity in primary rat cardiac myocytes (RCMs). Besides, DHI had the same protective effects with conivaptan, a dual vasopressin V1A and V2 receptor antagonist, in reducing the RCM damage induced by overdose AVP. DHI significantly decreased the injury of both PRNCs and RCMs. Meanwhile, the AVP level was elevated dramatically in OGD and reperfusion PRNCs, and DHI was able to decrease the AVP expression in the injured PRNCs. Therefore, our present results suggested that OGD and reperfusion PRNCs might induce myocyte injury by elevating the AVP expression in PRNCs. The ability of DHI to reinstate AVP level may be one of the mechanisms of its brain and heart co-protection effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Yang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China; Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, TEDA, 220 Dongting Road, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - John Orgah
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China; Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, TEDA, 220 Dongting Road, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China; Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, TEDA, 220 Dongting Road, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Guanwei Fan
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Jihong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China; Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, TEDA, 220 Dongting Road, Tianjin 300457, China; Neuroscience Program, Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02135, USA
| | - Boli Zhang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 312 Anshanxi Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300193, China; Research and Development Center of TCM, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biotechnology & Medicine, TEDA, 220 Dongting Road, Tianjin 300457, China; Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center and Tufts University School of Medicine, 750 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
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14
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Jia SW, Liu XY, Wang SC, Wang YF. Vasopressin Hypersecretion-Associated Brain Edema Formation in Ischemic Stroke: Underlying Mechanisms. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2016; 25:1289-300. [PMID: 27068863 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain edema formation is a major cause of brain damages and the high mortality of ischemic stroke. The aim of this review is to explore the relationship between ischemic brain edema formation and vasopressin (VP) hypersecretion in addition to the oxygen and glucose deprivation and the ensuing reperfusion injury. METHODS Pertinent studies involving ischemic stroke, brain edema formation, astrocytes, and VP were identified by a search of the PubMed and the Web of Science databases in January 2016. Based on clinical findings and reports of animal experiments using ischemic stroke models, this systematic review reanalyzes the implication of individual reports in the edema formation and then establishes the inherent links among them. RESULTS This systematic review reveals that cytotoxic edema and vasogenic brain edema in classical view are mainly under the influence of a continuous malfunction of astrocytic plasticity. Adaptive VP secretion can modulate membrane ion transport, water permeability, and blood-brain barrier integrity, which are largely via changing astrocytic plasticity. Maladaptive VP hypersecretion leads to disruptions of ion and water balance across cell membranes as well as the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. This review highlights our current understandings of the cellular mechanisms underlying ischemic brain edema formation and its association with VP hypersecretion. CONCLUSIONS VP hypersecretion promotes brain edema formation in ischemic stroke by disrupting hydromineral balance in the neurovascular unit; suppressing VP hypersecretion has the potential to alleviate ischemic brain edema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Wei Jia
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Stephani C Wang
- Department of Surgery, Albany Medical Center, Albany, New York
| | - Yu-Feng Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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15
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Kaur C, Rathnasamy G, Ling EA. The Choroid Plexus in Healthy and Diseased Brain. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2016; 75:198-213. [DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlv030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
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