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Oshiro WM, McDaniel KL, Beasley TE, Moser V, Herr DW. Impacts of a perinatal exposure to manganese coupled with maternal stress in rats: Learning, memory and attentional function in exposed offspring. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2022; 91:107077. [PMID: 35189282 PMCID: PMC10578066 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2022.107077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The developmental effects of chemicals that co-occur in vulnerable populations with elevated psychological stress are of increasing concern to the public. To investigate these concerns, we developed a rodent model of co-occurring perinatal manipulations and conducted a series of cognitive assessments in male and female offspring. Manganese (Mn), a neurodevelopmental toxicant when exceeding physiological requirements, was delivered in the drinking water (0, 2, or 4 mg Mn/mL) of rats from gestational day (GD) 7 to postnatal day (PND) 22. A variable perinatal stress paradigm was applied to half of the animals from GD13 to PND9. Novel object recognition (NOR), Morris water maze (MWM), differential reinforcement of low-rates procedure (DRL) and cued and uncued choice reaction time (CRT) tests were used to assess cognitive functions in offspring. Mn (4 mg/mL) and stress impaired NOR in adolescent males but facilitated NOR performance in females. However, when stress and Mn were combined these effects were attenuated in both sexes. During training for the DRL, Mn (2 mg/mL) facilitated, while stress impaired, lever press learning in both sexes. Few effects related to the treatments were found on DRL or MWM. During cued CRT, Mn (2 and 4 mg/mL) and stress reduced accuracy in males, while stress and Mn (2 mg/mL) increased anticipatory responding and slowed decision time in both sexes. Stress combined with Mn (2 mg/mL) improved cued accuracy and decision time, and Mn attenuated the effect of stress on anticipatory responding in both sexes. Stress slowed female movement time but when combined with Mn (4 mg/mL) the effect of stress was attenuated. During uncued CRT, except for decision time (which replicated effects observed with the cued task), no other effects of Mn or its combination with stress occurred. Females remained negatively affected by stress in most uncued CRT performance measures, while stressed improved male uncued accuracy. Taken together these data do not support increased cognitive impairment produced by Mn when combined with stress. However, the effects of perinatal stress alone, on these cognitive functions may hinder the detection of effects due to chemical exposures and underscores the need to consider the psychological health and wellbeing of the mother and her environment in risk assessment for developmental neurotoxicity of chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- W M Oshiro
- Public Health & Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, United States of America.
| | - K L McDaniel
- Public Health & Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, United States of America
| | - T E Beasley
- Public Health & Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, United States of America
| | - V Moser
- Retired, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, United States of America
| | - D W Herr
- Public Health & Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, United States of America
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da Silva TD, Barnabé V, Ricci-Vitor AL, Papapostolou V, Tagle M, Henriquez A, Lawrence J, Ferguson S, Wolfson JM, Koutrakis P, Oyola P, Ferreira C, de Abreu LC, Monteiro CBDM, Godleski JJ. Secondary particles formed from the exhaust of vehicles using ethanol-gasoline blends increase the production of pulmonary and cardiac reactive oxygen species and induce pulmonary inflammation. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 177:108661. [PMID: 31442789 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ethanol vehicles release exhaust gases that contribute to the formation of secondary organic aerosols (SOA). OBJECTIVE To determine in vivo toxicity resulting from exposure to SOA derived from vehicles using different ethanol-gasoline blends (E0, E10, E22, E85W, E85S, E100). METHODS Exhaust emissions from vehicles using ethanol blends were delivered to a photochemical chamber and reacted to produce SOA. The aerosol samples were collected on filters, extracted, and dispersed in an aqueous solutions and intratracheally instilled into Sprague Dawley rats in doses of 700 μg/0.2 ml. After 45 min and 4 h pulmonary and cardiac chemiluminescence (CL) was measured to estimate the amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in the lungs and heart. Inflammation was measured by differential cell count in bronchoalveolar lavages (BAL). RESULTS Statistically and biologically significant differences in response to secondary particles from the different fuel formulations were detected. Compared to the control group, animals exposed to SOA from gasoline (E0) showed a significantly higher average CL in the lungs at 45 min. The highest CL averages in the heart were observed in the groups exposed to SOA from E10 and pure ethanol (E100) at 45 min. BAL of animals exposed to SOA from E0 and E85S had a significant increased number of macrophages at 45 min. BAL neutrophil count was increased in the groups exposed to E85S (45 min) and E0 (4 h). Animals exposed to E0 and E85W had increased BAL lymphocyte count compared to the control and the other exposed groups. DISCUSSION Our results suggest that SOA generated by gasoline (E0), followed by ethanol blends E85S and E85W, substantially induce oxidative stress measured by ROS generation and pulmonary inflammation measured by the recruitment of white blood cells in BAL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talita Dias da Silva
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA; Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Viviani Barnabé
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA; Medical School, University City of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Laura Ricci-Vitor
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA; Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Matias Tagle
- Mario Molina Center for Strategic Studies in Energy and Environment, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andres Henriquez
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Joy Lawrence
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephen Ferguson
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Mikhail Wolfson
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Petros Koutrakis
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pedro Oyola
- Mario Molina Center for Strategic Studies in Energy and Environment, Santiago, Chile
| | - Celso Ferreira
- Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - John J Godleski
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
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Herr DW, Freeborn DL, Degn L, Martin SA, Ortenzio J, Pantlin L, Hamm CW, Boyes WK. Neurophysiological assessment of auditory, peripheral nerve, somatosensory, and visual system function after developmental exposure to gasoline, E15, and E85 vapors. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2016; 54:78-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2015.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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