Use of radiolabeled hyaluronic acid for preclinical assessment of inflammatory injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome

Hyaluronan in lung, in plasma as pathogenic and prediction factor of acute respiratory distress syndrome: A systematic review

This investigation aims to study contemporary literature pertaining to the involvement of hyaluronate in the pathogenesis of diverse medical conditions, encompassing coronavirus-induced pulmonary injury, while also exploring its potential utility as a prognostic indicator for assessing the severity of COVID-19. This study conducted a comprehensive examination of hyaluronic acid’s multifaceted role in physiological processes and disease, with a specific focus on its implications in COVID-induced lung damage. The research provided an in-depth analysis of the intricate mechanisms and fundamental patterns governing these biological phenomena, elucidating essential interactions and pathways. Of particular significance in this investigation was the potential diagnostic utility of hyaluronic acid in assessing the severity of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), including COVID-19. Through a rigorous examination of hyaluronic acid concentration levels, researchers sought to assess its potential as an early prognostic indicator, thereby providing valuable insights for clinical diagnostics. Furthermore, the study explored the therapeutic prospects related to hyaluronic acid, emphasizing its involvement in various pathological processes. It suggested that targeting hyaluronic acid could represent a promising avenue for drug development, potentially leading to the creation of innovative pharmaceutical agents

Characterization, Bioactivity, and Biodistribution of 35 kDa Hyaluronan Fragment

It has been reported that hyaluronic acid (HA) with a 35 kDa molecular weight (HA35) acts biologically to protect tissue from injury, but its biological properties are not yet fully characterized. This study aimed to evaluate the cellular effects and biodistribution of HA35 compared to HA with a 1600 kDa molecular weight (HA1600). We assessed the effects of HA35 and HA1600 on cell migration, NO and ROS generation, and gene expression in cultured macrophages, microglia, and lymphocytes. HA35 was separately radiolabeled with 99mTc and 125I and administered to C57BL/6J mice for in vivo biodistribution imaging. In vitro studies indicated that HA35 and HA1600 similarly enhanced cell migration through HA receptor binding mechanisms, reduced the generation of NO and ROS, and upregulated gene expression profiles related to cell signaling pathways in immune cells. HA35 showed a more pronounced effect in regulating a broader range of genes in macrophages and microglia than HA1600. Upon intradermal or intravenous administration, radiolabeled HA35 rapidly accumulated in the liver, spleen, and lymph nodes. In conclusion, HA35 not only exhibits effects on cellular bioactivity comparable to those of HA1600 but also exerts biological effects on a broader range of immune cell gene expression. The findings herein offer valuable insights for further research into the therapeutic potential of HA35 in inflammation-mediated tissue injury.