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Zomeño MD, Malcampo M, Pérez-Vega KA, Pastor A, López-Roura M, Arrufat B, Atarés S, Ramos SJ, Alonso D, Subirana I, Muñoz-Aguayo D, Blanchart G, Gaixas S, Cabañero M, Tello S, Konstantinidou V, Hernando-Redondo J, Goday A, Castañer O, Schröder H, Fitó M. Effect on Satiety-Related Biomarkers of Bar Snacks Containing Chickpea Flour and Pork Protein. Nutrients 2024; 16:3180. [PMID: 39339780 PMCID: PMC11434683 DOI: 10.3390/nu16183180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
This project aims to establish the acceptability and satiety of a hybrid snack containing plant protein and a small percentage of animal protein compared to a meat-based snack. DESIGN Randomised, crossover, double-blind, controlled post-prandial trial involving 24 participants (18-30 years), with two interventions: (a) a hybrid snack containing plant protein derived from chickpeas and 6.6% lean high-quality pork meat; and (b) a meat-based snack containing 90% lean pork meat. METHODS General, life-style, sensory acceptability questionnaire, and the following laboratory analyses were performed: lipid profile, endocannabinoids, and related compounds. RESULTS Sensory questionnaires showed in general good acceptability for both bars. Additionally, there was a greater increase in glycemia at 30, 60, and 90 min after consuming the hybrid snack compared to the meat-based snack, with no changes in the lipid profile. Regarding the endocannabinoid compounds and related compounds, the compound N-palmitoleoyl ethanolamine in the acylethanolamide group showed higher levels overall following the consumption of the hybrid snack compared to the meat-based snack, particularly at 2 h. CONCLUSIONS The hybrid snack was associated with changes in endocannabinoid-like compounds. Therefore, it may provide a lasting satiating effect, while complementing the protein profile of plant-based foods with the quality of animal protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- María-Dolores Zomeño
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.-D.Z.); (M.M.); (K.A.P.-V.); (A.P.); (M.L.-R.); (I.S.); (D.M.-A.); (G.B.); (M.C.); (J.H.-R.); (A.G.); (H.S.); (M.F.)
- Consortium Center for Biomedical Research Network (CIBER), M.P. Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Blanquerna School of Health Sciences, Universitat Ramon Llull, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Malcampo
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.-D.Z.); (M.M.); (K.A.P.-V.); (A.P.); (M.L.-R.); (I.S.); (D.M.-A.); (G.B.); (M.C.); (J.H.-R.); (A.G.); (H.S.); (M.F.)
| | - Karla Alejandra Pérez-Vega
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.-D.Z.); (M.M.); (K.A.P.-V.); (A.P.); (M.L.-R.); (I.S.); (D.M.-A.); (G.B.); (M.C.); (J.H.-R.); (A.G.); (H.S.); (M.F.)
- Consortium Center for Biomedical Research Network (CIBER), M.P. Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Antoni Pastor
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.-D.Z.); (M.M.); (K.A.P.-V.); (A.P.); (M.L.-R.); (I.S.); (D.M.-A.); (G.B.); (M.C.); (J.H.-R.); (A.G.); (H.S.); (M.F.)
- Consortium Center for Biomedical Research Network (CIBER), M.P. Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Maria López-Roura
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.-D.Z.); (M.M.); (K.A.P.-V.); (A.P.); (M.L.-R.); (I.S.); (D.M.-A.); (G.B.); (M.C.); (J.H.-R.); (A.G.); (H.S.); (M.F.)
| | - Begoña Arrufat
- Fertinagro Biotech S.L., 44195 Teruel, Spain; (B.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Sergio Atarés
- Fertinagro Biotech S.L., 44195 Teruel, Spain; (B.A.); (S.A.)
| | | | - David Alonso
- Naturuel S.L., 44002 Teruel, Spain; (S.J.R.); (D.A.)
| | - Isaac Subirana
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.-D.Z.); (M.M.); (K.A.P.-V.); (A.P.); (M.L.-R.); (I.S.); (D.M.-A.); (G.B.); (M.C.); (J.H.-R.); (A.G.); (H.S.); (M.F.)
- Blanquerna School of Health Sciences, Universitat Ramon Llull, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
- Consortium Center for Biomedical Research Network (CIBER), M.P. Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERcv), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Muñoz-Aguayo
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.-D.Z.); (M.M.); (K.A.P.-V.); (A.P.); (M.L.-R.); (I.S.); (D.M.-A.); (G.B.); (M.C.); (J.H.-R.); (A.G.); (H.S.); (M.F.)
- Consortium Center for Biomedical Research Network (CIBER), M.P. Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Gemma Blanchart
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.-D.Z.); (M.M.); (K.A.P.-V.); (A.P.); (M.L.-R.); (I.S.); (D.M.-A.); (G.B.); (M.C.); (J.H.-R.); (A.G.); (H.S.); (M.F.)
| | - Sònia Gaixas
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.-D.Z.); (M.M.); (K.A.P.-V.); (A.P.); (M.L.-R.); (I.S.); (D.M.-A.); (G.B.); (M.C.); (J.H.-R.); (A.G.); (H.S.); (M.F.)
| | - Marta Cabañero
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.-D.Z.); (M.M.); (K.A.P.-V.); (A.P.); (M.L.-R.); (I.S.); (D.M.-A.); (G.B.); (M.C.); (J.H.-R.); (A.G.); (H.S.); (M.F.)
- Consortium Center for Biomedical Research Network (CIBER), M.P. Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBEResp), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Susanna Tello
- Consortium Center for Biomedical Research Network (CIBER), M.P. Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | | | - Javier Hernando-Redondo
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.-D.Z.); (M.M.); (K.A.P.-V.); (A.P.); (M.L.-R.); (I.S.); (D.M.-A.); (G.B.); (M.C.); (J.H.-R.); (A.G.); (H.S.); (M.F.)
- Consortium Center for Biomedical Research Network (CIBER), M.P. Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Albert Goday
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.-D.Z.); (M.M.); (K.A.P.-V.); (A.P.); (M.L.-R.); (I.S.); (D.M.-A.); (G.B.); (M.C.); (J.H.-R.); (A.G.); (H.S.); (M.F.)
- Consortium Center for Biomedical Research Network (CIBER), M.P. Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Castañer
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.-D.Z.); (M.M.); (K.A.P.-V.); (A.P.); (M.L.-R.); (I.S.); (D.M.-A.); (G.B.); (M.C.); (J.H.-R.); (A.G.); (H.S.); (M.F.)
- Consortium Center for Biomedical Research Network (CIBER), M.P. Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBEResp), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Helmut Schröder
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.-D.Z.); (M.M.); (K.A.P.-V.); (A.P.); (M.L.-R.); (I.S.); (D.M.-A.); (G.B.); (M.C.); (J.H.-R.); (A.G.); (H.S.); (M.F.)
- Consortium Center for Biomedical Research Network (CIBER), M.P. Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBEResp), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (M.-D.Z.); (M.M.); (K.A.P.-V.); (A.P.); (M.L.-R.); (I.S.); (D.M.-A.); (G.B.); (M.C.); (J.H.-R.); (A.G.); (H.S.); (M.F.)
- Consortium Center for Biomedical Research Network (CIBER), M.P. Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
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Targeting endothelial thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) protects from metabolic disorder-related impairment of vascular function and post-ischemic revascularisation. Angiogenesis 2020; 23:249-264. [PMID: 31900750 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-019-09704-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is involved in a variety of biological functions, the contribution of endothelial TXNIP has not been well-defined in regards to endothelial and vascular function or in post-ischemic revascularisation. We postulated that inhibition of endothelial TXNIP with siRNA or in a Cre-LoxP system could be involved in protection from high fat, high protein, low carbohydrate (HFHPLC) diet-induced oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction, leading to vascular damage and impaired revascularisation in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS To investigate the role of endothelial TXNIP, the TXNIP gene was deleted in endothelial cells using anti-TXNIP siRNA treatment or the Cre-LoxP system. Murine models were fed a HFHPLC diet, known to induce metabolic disorders. Endothelial TXNIP targeting resulted in protection against metabolic disorder-related endothelial oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction. This protective effect mitigates media cell loss induced by metabolic disorders and hampered metabolic disorder-related vascular dysfunction assessed by aortic reactivity and distensibility. In aortic ring cultures, metabolic disorders impaired vessel sprouting and this alteration was alleviated by deletion of endothelial TXNIP. When subjected to ischemia, mice fed a HFHPLC diet exhibited defective post-ischemic angiogenesis and impaired blood flow recovery in hind limb ischemia. However, reducing endothelial TXNIP rescued metabolic disorder-related impairment of ischemia-induced revascularisation. CONCLUSION Collectively, these results show that targeting endothelial TXNIP in metabolic disorders is essential to maintaining endothelial function, vascular function and improving ischemia-induced revascularisation, making TXNIP a potential therapeutic target for therapy of vascular complications related to metabolic disorders.
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Holliday CM. A Snapshot of Community Engagement in Research in the Context of an Evolving Public Health Paradigm: Review. J Particip Med 2018; 10:e1. [PMID: 33052111 PMCID: PMC7434095 DOI: 10.2196/jopm.8939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Community engagement is a work in process. Researchers continue to refine the process of collaboration and look to best practice and lessons learned for guidance in this relatively new model. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to provide a snapshot of whether community engagement has been included in the design and implementation of research initiatives in Australia, Canada and the United Kingdom. The secondary aim is to identify the underlying themes present, to identify theories and tools that drive research. METHODS A literature search was performed to identify studies that have been conducted to reduce the weight of the general population. RESULTS The results of the study, which focused on the field of weight loss, indicate that scientific and technological advancements are the primary drivers of research. However, these new research initiatives have largely been undertaken in the absence of community engagement. CONCLUSIONS The study concludes that initiatives need to adapt to a wider range of stakeholders, develop equitable community engagement platforms and take into consideration.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Consumption of high-protein diets is increasingly popular due to the benefits of protein on preserving lean mass and controlling appetite and satiety. The paper is to review recent clinical research assessing dietary protein on calcium metabolism and bone health. RECENT FINDINGS Epidemiological studies show that long-term, high-protein intake is positively associated with bone mineral density and reduced risk of bone fracture incidence. Short-term interventional studies demonstrate that a high-protein diet does not negatively affect calcium homeostasis. Existing evidence supports that the negative effects of the acid load of protein on urinary calcium excretion are offset by the beneficial skeletal effects of high-protein intake. Future research should focus on the role and the degree of contribution of other dietary and physiological factors, such as intake of fruits and vegetables, in reducing the acid load and further enhancing the anabolic effects of protein on the musculoskeletal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay J Cao
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND, 58202, USA.
- USDA ARS Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, 2420 2nd Ave N, Grand Forks, ND, 58202-9034, USA.
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López-Nicolás R, Marzorati M, Scarabottolo L, Halford JCG, Johnstone AM, Frontela-Saseta C, Sanmartín AM, Ros-Berruezo G, Harrold JA. Satiety Innovations: Food Products to Assist Consumers with Weight Loss, Evidence on the Role of Satiety in Healthy Eating: Overview and In Vitro Approximation. Curr Obes Rep 2016; 5:97-105. [PMID: 26847622 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-016-0196-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of overweight and obesity is increasing globally, driven by the availability of energy-dense palatable foods. Most dietary strategies fail because of hunger generated by calorie restriction, and interventions that specifically control hunger and/or promote fullness may aid success. Current consumers have a limited choice of satiety-enhancing products with proven health benefits, and innovative ways to produce new foods (as structural modification) to enhance satiety/satiation may provide new opportunities. However, this potential is hindered by the cost of product testing. Within the SATIN-SATiety INnovation project-an in vitro platform has been developed to offer a cost-effective means of assessing the potential satiation/satiety effect of novel foods. This combines in vitro technologies to assess changes in colonic bacteria metabolism, appetite hormone release and the stability and bioavailability of active compounds in the new products/ingredients. This article provides a brief review of nutrients for which an impact on short-term appetite regulation has been demonstrated, and a summary of the changes to food structure which can be used to produce a change in appetite expression. Furthermore, the SATIN in vitro platform is discussed as a means of assessing the impact of nutritional and structural manipulations on appetite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén López-Nicolás
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', Murcia, Spain
| | - Massimo Marzorati
- LabMET, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
- ProDigest, Technologiepark 3, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Jason C G Halford
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Alexandra M Johnstone
- Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health (RINH), University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Carmen Frontela-Saseta
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Gaspar Ros-Berruezo
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Regional Campus of International Excellence 'Campus Mare Nostrum', Murcia, Spain
| | - Joanne A Harrold
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
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Bedarida T, Baron S, Vessieres E, Vibert F, Ayer A, Marchiol-Fournigault C, Henrion D, Paul JL, Noble F, Golmard JL, Beaudeux JL, Cottart CH, Nivet-Antoine V. High-protein-low-carbohydrate diet: deleterious metabolic and cardiovascular effects depend on age. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2014; 307:H649-57. [PMID: 25015969 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00291.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
High-protein-low-carbohydrate (HP-LC) diets have become widespread. Yet their deleterious consequences, especially on glucose metabolism and arteries, have already been underlined. Our previous study (2) has already shown glucose intolerance with major arterial dysfunction in very old mice subjected to an HP-LC diet. The hypothesis of this work was that this diet had an age-dependent deleterious metabolic and cardiovascular outcome. Two groups of mice, young and adult (3 and 6 mo old), were subjected for 12 wk to a standard or to an HP-LC diet. Glucose and lipid metabolism was studied. The cardiovascular system was explored from the functional stage with Doppler-echography to the molecular stage (arterial reactivity, mRNA, immunohistochemistry). Young mice did not exhibit any significant metabolic modification, whereas adult mice presented marked glucose intolerance associated with an increase in resistin and triglyceride levels. These metabolic disturbances were responsible for cardiovascular damages only in adult mice, with decreased aortic distensibility and left ventricle dysfunction. These seemed to be the consequence of arterial dysfunctions. Mesenteric arteries were the worst affected with a major oxidative stress, whereas aorta function seemed to be maintained with an appreciable role of cyclooxygenase-2 to preserve endothelial function. This study highlights for the first time the age-dependent deleterious effects of an HP-LC diet on metabolism, with glucose intolerance and lipid disorders and vascular (especially microvessels) and cardiac functions. This work shows that HP-LC lead to equivalent cardiovascular alterations, as observed in very old age, and underlines the danger of such diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Bedarida
- Unite Mixte de Recherche-S 1140 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculty of Pharmacy, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Stephanie Baron
- Department of Physiology, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Unite Mixte de Recherche-S U970 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculty of Medicine, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France;
| | - Emilie Vessieres
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unite Mixte de Recherche 6214, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1083, Angers University, Angers, France
| | - Francoise Vibert
- Unite Mixte de Recherche-S 1139 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculty of Pharmacy, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Ayer
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unite Mixte de Recherche 6214, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1083, Angers University, Angers, France
| | | | - Daniel Henrion
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unite Mixte de Recherche 6214, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1083, Angers University, Angers, France
| | - Jean-Louis Paul
- Department of Biochemistry, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; EA 4529, Faculty of Pharmacy, Paris Sud University, Chatenay-Malabry, France
| | - Florence Noble
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale 705 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unite Mixte de Recherche 8206, Faculty of Pharmacy, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Louis Golmard
- ER4/EA 3974, Modeling in Clinical Research, Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Louis Beaudeux
- Unite Mixte de Recherche-S 1139 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculty of Pharmacy, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France; Clinical Biochemistry, Necker Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Charles-Henry Cottart
- Unite Mixte de Recherche-S 1139 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculty of Pharmacy, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France; Unite Mixte de Recherche 1151 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Valerie Nivet-Antoine
- Unite Mixte de Recherche-S 1140 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculty of Pharmacy, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France; Department of Biochemistry, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
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Pi M, Quarles LD. Multiligand specificity and wide tissue expression of GPRC6A reveals new endocrine networks. Endocrinology 2012; 153:2062-9. [PMID: 22374969 PMCID: PMC3339644 DOI: 10.1210/en.2011-2117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2011] [Accepted: 01/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence supports the hypothesis that the skeleton is an endocrine organ that regulates energy metabolism through the release of the osteoblast-derived hormone, osteocalcin (Ocn). This bone-pancreas endocrine network is controversial because important gaps remain to be filled in our knowledge of the physiological effects of Ocn in multiple organs and the complex alterations in other hormonal networks induced by Ocn administration. A key step toward understanding the integrative regulation of energy metabolism by bone is the identification of GPCR family C group 6 member A (GPRC6A) as the Ocn receptor. GPRC6A is an amino acid-sensing G protein-coupled receptor highly expressed in β-cells and is activated by recombinant Ocn in vitro and in vivo but that is widely expressed in tissues other than the pancreas and is capable of sensing multiple structurally unrelated ligands, including l-amino acids, cations, and anabolic steroids in addition to Ocn. The broad expression and multiligand specificity of GPRC6A is identifying both systemic and paracrine regulation of seemingly disparate biological processes, ranging from energy metabolism, sexual reproduction, hypothalamic-pituitary function, bone formation, and prostate cancer. Consistent with the existence of more complex endocrine networks, ablation of GPRC6A in Gprc6a(-/-) mice results in complex metabolic abnormalities, including obesity, glucose intolerance, hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance, hyperphosphatemia, osteopenia, plus several hormonal abnormalities, including decreased circulating testosterone, IGF-I, and insulin and increased estradiol, LH, GH, and leptin. Recombinant Ocn also regulates testosterone production by the testes and male fertility through a GPRC6A-dependent mechanism, and testosterone regulation of LH secretion is abnormal in Gprc6a(-/-) mice. Thus, GPRC6A, as the biologically relevant receptor for Ocn, defines not only a molecular mechanism for linking bone metabolism with metabolic regulation of β-cells and sexual reproduction but also as a receptor shared by testosterone and dietary factors, and it is also involved in multiple endocrine networks integrating the functions of pancreas, muscle, liver, fat, testes, bone, and the hypothalamic-pituitary axis with alterations in both environmental and endogenous ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Pi
- Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, USA
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Dodsworth A, Warren-Forward H, Baines S. Feasibility of a protein-enriched diet after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding: Results from a pilot intervention. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnme.2012.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Protein intake compliance of morbidly obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery and its effect on weight loss and biochemical parameters. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2011; 7:733-42. [PMID: 21925961 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2011.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2010] [Revised: 07/18/2011] [Accepted: 07/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Grade D evidence supports a daily protein intake (DPI) of >60 g/d after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. However, the physiologic effects of this recommendation have yet to be elucidated. The primary aim of the present study was to assess the effects of DPI after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass on weight loss, leptin levels, and albumin levels. The setting was a 617-acute inpatient bed university-affiliated teaching hospital. METHODS The data from 427 consecutive bariatric surgery patients were prospectively collected from December 2007 to April 2011. The data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation, the chi-square test, the paired t test, analysis of covariance, and hierarchical linear regression analysis. RESULTS Of the 427 patients, 167 (39.1%) had complete data at 3, 6, and 12 months of follow-up and were used for the present analysis. Of the 427 patients, 140 (83.8%) were women with a mean age and preoperative body mass index (BMI) of 42.7 ± 11 years and 47.3 ± 8.1 kg/m(2), respectively. Of the 427 patients, 71.3% were compliant with a DPI of ≥1 g/kg/d at 12 months postoperatively. The patients had a mean percentage of excess weight loss of 74.9% ± 16.7% and a mean BMI of 29.4 ± 5.4 kg/m2 at 12 months. When controlling for the preoperative BMI, carbohydrate violations, and exercise increase, DPI was associated with a greater percentage of excess weight loss (P = .001), BMI change (P < .0001), and percentage of lean mass (P = .003), and a lower percentage of body fat (P < .0001) at 12 months. CONCLUSION Excellent compliance with a DPI of ≥1 g/kg/d at 12 months after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is feasible and might result in the benefits of increased weight loss, a decreased percentage of body fat, and improved percentage of lean mass.
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Abstract
The rising prevalence of obesity, not only in adults but also in children and adolescents, is one of the most important public health problems in developed and developing countries. As one possible way to tackle obesity, a great interest has been stimulated in understanding the relationship between different types of dietary carbohydrate and appetite regulation, body weight and body composition. The present article reviews the conclusions from recent reviews and meta-analyses on the effects of different starches and sugars on body weight management and metabolic disturbances, and provides an update of the most recent studies on this topic. From the literature reviewed in this paper, potential beneficial effects of intake of starchy foods, especially those containing slowly-digestible and resistant starches, and potential detrimental effects of high intakes of fructose become apparent. This supports the intake of whole grains, legumes and vegetables, which contain more appropriate sources of carbohydrates associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular and other chronic diseases, rather than foods rich in sugars, especially in the form of sugar-sweetened beverages.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Update recent advancements regarding the effect of high-animal protein intakes on calcium utilization and bone health. RECENT FINDINGS Increased potential renal acid load resulting from a high protein (intake above the current Recommended Dietary Allowance of 0.8 g protein/kg body weight) intake has been closely associated with increased urinary calcium excretion. However, recent findings do not support the assumption that bone is lost to provide the extra calcium found in urine. Neither whole body calcium balance is, nor are bone status indicators, negatively affected by the increased acid load. Contrary to the supposed detrimental effect of protein, the majority of epidemiological studies have shown that long-term high-protein intake increases bone mineral density and reduces bone fracture incidence. The beneficial effects of protein such as increasing intestinal calcium absorption and circulating IGF-I whereas lowering serum parathyroid hormone sufficiently offset any negative effects of the acid load of protein on bone health. SUMMARY On the basis of recent findings, consuming protein (including that from meat) higher than current Recommended Dietary Allowance for protein is beneficial to calcium utilization and bone health, especially in the elderly. A high-protein diet with adequate calcium and fruits and vegetables is important for bone health and osteoporosis prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay J Cao
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA.
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Kreider RB, Wilborn CD, Taylor L, Campbell B, Almada AL, Collins R, Cooke M, Earnest CP, Greenwood M, Kalman DS, Kerksick CM, Kleiner SM, Leutholtz B, Lopez H, Lowery LM, Mendel R, Smith A, Spano M, Wildman R, Willoughby DS, Ziegenfuss TN, Antonio J. ISSN exercise & sport nutrition review: research & recommendations. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2010. [PMCID: PMC2853497 DOI: 10.1186/1550-2783-7-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sports nutrition is a constantly evolving field with hundreds of research papers published annually. For this reason, keeping up to date with the literature is often difficult. This paper is a five year update of the sports nutrition review article published as the lead paper to launch the JISSN in 2004 and presents a well-referenced overview of the current state of the science related to how to optimize training and athletic performance through nutrition. More specifically, this paper provides an overview of: 1.) The definitional category of ergogenic aids and dietary supplements; 2.) How dietary supplements are legally regulated; 3.) How to evaluate the scientific merit of nutritional supplements; 4.) General nutritional strategies to optimize performance and enhance recovery; and, 5.) An overview of our current understanding of the ergogenic value of nutrition and dietary supplementation in regards to weight gain, weight loss, and performance enhancement. Our hope is that ISSN members and individuals interested in sports nutrition find this review useful in their daily practice and consultation with their clients.
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