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Deus AFD, Silva VLD, de Souza SLB, Mota GAF, Sant'Ana PG, Vileigas DF, Lima-Leopoldo AP, Leopoldo AS, Campos DHSD, de Tomasi LC, Padovani CR, Kolwicz SC, Cicogna AC. Myocardial Dysfunction after Severe Food Restriction Is Linked to Changes in the Calcium-Handling Properties in Rats. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11091985. [PMID: 31443528 PMCID: PMC6770438 DOI: 10.3390/nu11091985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe food restriction (FR) impairs cardiac performance, although the causative mechanisms remain elusive. Since proteins associated with calcium handling may contribute to cardiac dysfunction, this study aimed to evaluate whether severe FR results in alterations in the expression and activity of Ca2+-handling proteins that contribute to impaired myocardial performance. Male 60-day-old Wistar–Kyoto rats were fed a control or restricted diet (50% reduction in the food consumed by the control group) for 90 days. Body weight, body fat pads, adiposity index, as well as the weights of the soleus muscle and lung, were obtained. Cardiac remodeling was assessed by morphological measures. The myocardial contractile performance was analyzed in isolated papillary muscles during the administration of extracellular Ca2+ and in the absence or presence of a sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA2a) specific blocker. The expression of Ca2+-handling regulatory proteins was analyzed via Western Blot. Severe FR resulted in a 50% decrease in body weight and adiposity measures. Cardiac morphometry was substantially altered, as heart weights were nearly twofold lower in FR rats. Papillary muscles isolated from FR hearts displayed mechanical dysfunction, including decreased developed tension and reduced contractility and relaxation. The administration of a SERCA2a blocker led to further decrements in contractile function in FR hearts, suggesting impaired SERCA2a activity. Moreover, the FR rats presented a lower expression of L-type Ca2+ channels. Therefore, myocardial dysfunction induced by severe food restriction is associated with changes in the calcium-handling properties in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Fernandes de Deus
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618687, Brazil
| | - Vítor Loureiro da Silva
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618687, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Luiz Borges de Souza
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618687, Brazil
| | | | - Paula Grippa Sant'Ana
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618687, Brazil
| | - Danielle Fernandes Vileigas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618687, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Lima-Leopoldo
- Department of Sports, Center of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória 29075-910, Brazil
| | - André Soares Leopoldo
- Department of Sports, Center of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória 29075-910, Brazil
| | | | - Loreta Casquel de Tomasi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618687, Brazil
| | - Carlos Roberto Padovani
- Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618970, Brazil
| | - Stephen C Kolwicz
- Department of Health and Exercise Physiology, Ursinus College, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
| | - Antonio Carlos Cicogna
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618687, Brazil.
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Pinotti MF, Matias AM, Sugizaki MM, Nascimento AFD, Pai MD, Leopoldo APL, Cicogna AC, Leopoldo AS. Fasting/Refeeding Cycles Prevent Myocardial Dysfunction and Morphology Damage in the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Arq Bras Cardiol 2018; 111:400-409. [PMID: 30133552 PMCID: PMC6173345 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20180152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Caloric restriction is known to impair the cardiac function and morphology in
hypertrophied hearts of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR); however, the
influence of fasting/refeeding (RF) is unknown. Objective To investigate the fasting/refeeding approach on myocardial remodeling and
function. In addition, the current study was designed to bring information
regarding the mechanisms underlying the participation of Ca2+
handling and β-adrenergic system. Methods Sixty-day-old male SHR rats were submitted to food ad
libitum (C), 50% food restriction (R50) or RF cycles
for 90 days. Cardiac remodeling was assessed by ultrastructure analysis and
isolated papillary muscle function. The level of significance considered was
5% (α = 0.05). Results The RF rats presented lower cardiac atrophy than R50 in relation
to C rats. The C rats increased weight gain, R50 maintained their
initial body weight and RF rats increased and decreased weight during RF.
The RF did not cause functional impairment because the isotonic and
isometric parameters showed similar behavior to those of C. The isotonic and
isometric cardiac parameters were significantly elevated in RF rats compared
to R50 rats. In addition, the R50 rats had cardiac
damage in relation to C for isotonic and isometric variables. While the
R50 rats showed focal changes in many muscle fibers, the RF
rats displayed mild alterations, such as loss or disorganization of
myofibrils. Conclusion Fasting/refeeding promotes cardiac beneficial effects and attenuates
myocardial injury caused by caloric restriction in SHR rats, contributing to
reduce the cardiovascular risk profile and morphological injuries.
Furthermore, RF promotes mild improvement in Ca2+ handling and
β-adrenergic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Fécchio Pinotti
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, SP - Brazil
| | - Amanda Martins Matias
- Departamento de Desportos, Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, ES - Brazil
| | | | | | - Maeli Dal Pai
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, SP - Brazil.,Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Biosciências da Universidade Estadual Paulista UNESP, Botucatu, SP - Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Lima Leopoldo
- Departamento de Desportos, Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, ES - Brazil
| | - Antônio Carlos Cicogna
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, SP - Brazil
| | - André Soares Leopoldo
- Departamento de Desportos, Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, ES - Brazil
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Okoshi MP, Capalbo RV, Romeiro FG, Okoshi K. Cardiac Cachexia: Perspectives for Prevention and Treatment. Arq Bras Cardiol 2016; 108:74-80. [PMID: 27812676 PMCID: PMC5245851 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20160142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cachexia is a prevalent pathological condition associated with chronic heart failure. Its occurrence predicts increased morbidity and mortality independent of important clinical variables such as age, ventricular function, or heart failure functional class. The clinical consequences of cachexia are dependent on both weight loss and systemic inflammation, which accompany cachexia development. Skeletal muscle wasting is an important component of cachexia; it often precedes cachexia development and predicts poor outcome in heart failure. Cachexia clinically affects several organs and systems. It is a multifactorial condition where underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are not completely understood making it difficult to develop specific prevention and treatment therapies. Preventive strategies have largely focused on muscle mass preservation. Different treatment options have been described, mostly in small clinical studies or experimental settings. These include nutritional support, neurohormonal blockade, reducing intestinal bacterial translocation, anemia and iron deficiency treatment, appetite stimulants, immunomodulatory agents, anabolic hormones, and physical exercise regimens. Currently, nonpharmacological therapy such as nutritional support and physical exercise are considered central to cachexia prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Politi Okoshi
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Verardino Capalbo
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando G Romeiro
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Katashi Okoshi
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Gimenes C, Gimenes R, Rosa CM, Xavier NP, Campos DHS, Fernandes AAH, Cezar MDM, Guirado GN, Cicogna AC, Takamoto AHR, Okoshi MP, Okoshi K. Low Intensity Physical Exercise Attenuates Cardiac Remodeling and Myocardial Oxidative Stress and Dysfunction in Diabetic Rats. J Diabetes Res 2015; 2015:457848. [PMID: 26509175 PMCID: PMC4609864 DOI: 10.1155/2015/457848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED We evaluated the effects of a low intensity aerobic exercise protocol on cardiac remodeling and myocardial function in diabetic rats. Wistar rats were assigned into four groups: sedentary control (C-Sed), exercised control (C-Ex), sedentary diabetes (DM-Sed), and exercised diabetes (DM-Ex). Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Rats exercised for 9 weeks in treadmill at 11 m/min, 18 min/day. Myocardial function was evaluated in left ventricular (LV) papillary muscles and oxidative stress in LV tissue. Statistical analysis was given by ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis. Echocardiogram showed diabetic groups with higher LV diastolic diameter-to-body weight ratio and lower posterior wall shortening velocity than controls. Left atrium diameter was lower in DM-Ex than DM-Sed (C-Sed: 5.73 ± 0.49; C-Ex: 5.67 ± 0.53; DM-Sed: 6.41 ± 0.54; DM-Ex: 5.81 ± 0.50 mm; P < 0.05 DM-Sed vs C-Sed and DM-Ex). Papillary muscle function was depressed in DM-Sed compared to C-Sed. Exercise attenuated this change in DM-Ex. Lipid hydroperoxide concentration was higher in DM-Sed than C-Sed and DM-Ex. Catalase and superoxide dismutase activities were lower in diabetics than controls and higher in DM-Ex than DM-Sed. Glutathione peroxidase activity was lower in DM-Sed than C-Sed and DM-Ex. CONCLUSION Low intensity exercise attenuates left atrium dilation and myocardial oxidative stress and dysfunction in type 1 diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Gimenes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), S/N, Rubião Junior District, 18618 970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
- Sagrado Coração University, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - R. Gimenes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), S/N, Rubião Junior District, 18618 970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - C. M. Rosa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), S/N, Rubião Junior District, 18618 970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - N. P. Xavier
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), S/N, Rubião Junior District, 18618 970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - D. H. S. Campos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), S/N, Rubião Junior District, 18618 970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - A. A. H. Fernandes
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Brazil
| | - M. D. M. Cezar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), S/N, Rubião Junior District, 18618 970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - G. N. Guirado
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), S/N, Rubião Junior District, 18618 970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - A. C. Cicogna
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), S/N, Rubião Junior District, 18618 970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - A. H. R. Takamoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), S/N, Rubião Junior District, 18618 970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - M. P. Okoshi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), S/N, Rubião Junior District, 18618 970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - K. Okoshi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), S/N, Rubião Junior District, 18618 970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil
- *K. Okoshi:
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