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Shao Y, Li Y, Wang N, Xue Y, Wang T, Qiu F, Lu Y, Lan D, Wu H. Effect of daily light exposure on sleep in polar regions: A meta-analysis. J Sleep Res 2024:e14144. [PMID: 38253963 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.14144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Although studies have shown that light affects sleep in polar populations, the sample size of most studies is small. This meta-analysis provides the first systematic review of the effects of summer glare, spring and fall moderate daylight, and artificial lighting on general sleep problems (sleep duration, efficiency, and delay). This analysis included 18 studies involving 986 participants. We calculated the random effect size via an evidence-based meta-analysis that analysed the effect of bright/auxiliary light on sleep and the effect of three different types of light on sleep compared with conventional light. There was no significant correlation between specific light types and sleep duration. Intense summer light has a negative effect on sleep time and efficiency. Moderate, natural light in spring and autumn effectively delayed sleep but could not improve sleep efficiency. For artificial fill light, neither blue light nor enhanced white light has been found to have a significant effect. In summary, summer light has a detrimental effect on sleep in polar populations, and moderate natural light may be superior to conventional light. However, specific strategies to improve sleep and artificial lighting in polar populations must be explored further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqi Shao
- Clinical Center for Intelligent Rehabilitation Research, Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Li
- Clinical Center for Intelligent Rehabilitation Research, Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Xue
- Clinical Center for Intelligent Rehabilitation Research, Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tongyue Wang
- Clinical Center for Intelligent Rehabilitation Research, Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengxi Qiu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Rehabilitation, Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Danmei Lan
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Rehabilitation, Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hengjing Wu
- Clinical Center for Intelligent Rehabilitation Research, Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Miura N, Morishita K, Yasuda T, Akiduki S, Matsumoto H. Subchronic tolerance trials of graded oral supplementation with ornithine hydrochloride or citrulline in healthy adults. Amino Acids 2023; 55:299-311. [PMID: 36571619 PMCID: PMC9791970 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-022-03227-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Ornithine and citrulline are amino acids used in dietary supplements and nutritional products consumed by healthy consumers, but the safe supplementation levels of these compounds are unknown. The objective of this study was to conduct two 4-week clinical trials to evaluate the safety and tolerability of graded dosages of oral ornithine (as hydrochloride) and citrulline. Healthy male adults (n = 60, age 41.4 ± 1.5 years) completed graded dosages of either ornithine hydrochloride (3.2, 6, 9.2, and 12 g/day) or citrulline (6, 12, 18, and 24 g/day) supplement for 4 weeks with 2-week wash-out periods in between. Primary outcomes included vitals, a broad spectrum of circulating biochemical analytes, body weight, sleep quality, and mental self-assessment. In the ornithine hydrochloride supplementation group, minor increase in plasma aspartic acid and glutamic acid concentrations was observed at the highest intake dosages. In the citrulline supplementation group, minor changes in laboratory data for serum lactate dehydrogenase and plasma amino acid concentration of lysine, methionine, threonine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glutamine and ornithine, arginine, and citrulline itself were measured. No other changes in measured parameters were observed, and study subjects tolerated 4-week-long oral supplementation of ornithine hydrochloride or citrulline without treatment-related adverse events. A clinical, no-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) of ornithine hydrochloride and citrulline supplementation in healthy adult males was determined to be 12 g/day and 24 g/day (4 weeks), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Miura
- Miura Medical Clinic, Higashitenma, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koji Morishita
- Japan Branch of International Council for Amino Acid Science (ICAAS), Hatchobori, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takamasa Yasuda
- Japan Branch of International Council for Amino Acid Science (ICAAS), Hatchobori, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Saori Akiduki
- Japan Branch of International Council for Amino Acid Science (ICAAS), Hatchobori, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Matsumoto
- Japan Branch of International Council for Amino Acid Science (ICAAS), Hatchobori, Tokyo, Japan.
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Potter GDM, Wood TR. The Future of Shift Work: Circadian Biology Meets Personalised Medicine and Behavioural Science. Front Nutr 2020; 7:116. [PMID: 32850937 PMCID: PMC7426458 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Shift work is commonplace in modern societies, and shift workers are predisposed to the development of numerous chronic diseases. Disruptions to the circadian systems of shift workers are considered important contributors to the biological dysfunction these people frequently experience. Because of this, understanding how to alter shift work and zeitgeber (time cue) schedules to enhance circadian system function is likely to be key to improving the health of shift workers. While light exposure is the most important zeitgeber for the central clock in the circadian system, diet and exercise are plausible zeitgebers for circadian clocks in many tissues. We know little about how different zeitgebers interact and how to tailor zeitgeber schedules to the needs of individuals; however, in this review we share some guidelines to help shift workers adapt to their work schedules based on our current understanding of circadian biology. We focus in particular on the importance of diet timing and composition. Going forward, developments in phenotyping and "envirotyping" methods may be important to understanding how to optimise shift work. Non-invasive, multimodal, comprehensive phenotyping using multiple sources of time-stamped data may yield insights that are critical to the care of shift workers. Finally, the impact of these advances will be reduced without modifications to work environments to make it easier for shift workers to engage in behaviours conducive to their health. Integrating findings from behavioural science and ergonomics may help shift workers make healthier choices, thereby amplifying the beneficial effects of improved lifestyle prescriptions for these people.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas R Wood
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.,Division of Human Health, Performance and Resilience, Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, FL, United States
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Rakhimuzzaman M, Noda M, Danshiitsoodol N, Sugiyama M. Development of a System of High Ornithine and Citrulline Production by a Plant-Derived Lactic Acid Bacterium, Weissella confusa K-28. Biol Pharm Bull 2019; 42:1581-1589. [PMID: 31474718 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b19-00410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
As a bacterium used in industry for production of several amino acids, an endotoxin-free Corynebacterium (C.) glutamicum is well known. However, it is also true that the endotoxin-producing other Corynebacterium species is present. An aim of this study is to obtain a lactic acid bacterium (LAB) that produces ornithine and citrulline at high levels. We successfully isolated a strain, designated K-28, and identified it as Weissella (W.) confusa. The production of ornithine and citrulline by K-28 was 18 ± 1 and 10 ± 2 g/L, respectively, with a 100 ± 9% conversion rate when arginine was continuously fed into a jar fermenter. Although the ornithine high production using C. glutamicum is industrially present, the strains have been genetically modified. In that connection, the wild-type of C. glutamicum produces only 0.5 g/L ornithine, indicating that W. confusa K-28 is superior to C. glutamicum to use a probiotic microorganism. We confirmed that W. confusa K-28 harbors an arginine deiminase (ADI) gene cluster, wkaABDCR. The production of ornithine and the expression of these genes significantly decreased under the aerobic condition rather than anaerobic one. The expression level of the five genes did not differ with or without arginine, suggesting that the production of amino acids in the K-28 strain was not induced by exogenous arginine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Rakhimuzzaman
- Department of Probiotic Science for Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Masafumi Noda
- Department of Probiotic Science for Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Narandalai Danshiitsoodol
- Department of Probiotic Science for Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
| | - Masanori Sugiyama
- Department of Probiotic Science for Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University
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Yang Y, Kumrungsee T, Kuroda M, Yamaguchi S, Kato N. Feeding Aspergillus protease preparation combined with adequate protein diet to rats increases levels of cecum gut-protective amino acids, partially linked to Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2019; 83:1901-1911. [PMID: 31181987 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2019.1627183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Our recent study indicated that dietary Aspergillus oryzae-derived protease preparation (AP), through its enzymatic activity, exerted a bifidogenic effect in rats. We hypothesized that dietary AP links to protein degradation and subsequently elevates gut-protective amino acids (AAs) in rats fed adequate protein diet. In this study, dietary AP markedly increased the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus and the levels of free threonine, alanine, proline, taurine, ornithine, phenylalanine, cystine, and γ-aminobutyric acid in the cecum contents of rats fed with an adequate protein diet, but not in those fed with a low-protein diet. The elevated AAs, except ornithine and phenylalanine, potentially have gut-related health benefits. Some of the AP-modulated free AAs appeared to be associated with the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus. Thus, AP combined with adequate protein diet is likely to increase the levels of cecum beneficial free AAs, which is partially associated with the relative abundance of the probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongshou Yang
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University , Higashi-Hiroshima , Japan
| | - Thanutchaporn Kumrungsee
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University , Higashi-Hiroshima , Japan
| | | | | | - Norihisa Kato
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University , Higashi-Hiroshima , Japan
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Pattyn N, Van Puyvelde M, Fernandez-Tellez H, Roelands B, Mairesse O. From the midnight sun to the longest night: Sleep in Antarctica. Sleep Med Rev 2017; 37:159-172. [PMID: 28460798 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Sleep disturbances are the main health complaints from personnel deployed in Antarctica. The current paper presents a systematic review of research findings on sleep disturbances in Antarctica. The available sources were divided in three categories: results based on questionnaire surveys or sleep logs, studies using actigraphy, and data from polysomnography results. Other areas relevant to the issue were also examined. These included chronobiology, since the changes in photoperiod have been known to affect circadian rhythms, mood disturbances, exercise, sleep and hypoxia, countermeasure investigations in Antarctica, and other locations lacking a normal photoperiod. Based on the combination of our reviewed sources and data outside the field of sleep studies, or from other geographical locations, we defined hypotheses to be confirmed or infirmed, which allowed to summarize a research agenda. Despite the scarcity of sleep research on the Antarctic continent, the present review pinpointed some consistent changes in sleep during the Antarctic winter, the common denominators being a circadian phase delay, poor subjective sleep quality, an increased sleep fragmentation, as well as a decrease in slow wave sleep. Similar changes, albeit less pronounced, were observed during summer. Additional multidisciplinary research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms behind these changes in sleep architecture, and to investigate interventions to improve the sleep quality of the men and women deployed in the Antarctic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Pattyn
- Vital Signs and Performance Research Unit, Royal Military Academy, Brussels, Belgium; Human Physiology Dept, School for Exercise Science, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium; Experimental and Applied Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium; British Antarctic Survey Medical Unit, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, UK.
| | - Martine Van Puyvelde
- Vital Signs and Performance Research Unit, Royal Military Academy, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Helio Fernandez-Tellez
- Vital Signs and Performance Research Unit, Royal Military Academy, Brussels, Belgium; Human Physiology Dept, School for Exercise Science, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium
| | - Bart Roelands
- Human Physiology Dept, School for Exercise Science, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium
| | - Olivier Mairesse
- Vital Signs and Performance Research Unit, Royal Military Academy, Brussels, Belgium; Human Physiology Dept, School for Exercise Science, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium; Sleep Laboratory and Unit for Chronobiology, Brugmann University Hospital, Free University of Brussels, Belgium
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7
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l-Ornithine affects peripheral clock gene expression in mice. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34665. [PMID: 27703199 PMCID: PMC5050418 DOI: 10.1038/srep34665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The peripheral circadian clock is entrained by factors in the external environment such as scheduled feeding, exercise, and mental and physical stresses. In addition, recent studies in mice demonstrated that some food components have the potential to control the peripheral circadian clock during scheduled feeding, although information about these components remains limited. l-Ornithine is a type of non-protein amino acid that is present in foods and has been reported to have various physiological functions. In human trials, for example, l-ornithine intake improved a subjective index of sleep quality. Here we demonstrate, using an in vivo monitoring system, that repeated oral administration of l-ornithine at an early inactive period in mice induced a phase advance in the rhythm of PER2 expression. By contrast, l-ornithine administration to mouse embryonic fibroblasts did not affect the expression of PER2, indicating that l-ornithine indirectly alters the phase of PER2. l-Ornithine also increased plasma levels of insulin, glucose and glucagon-like peptide-1 alongside mPer2 expression, suggesting that it exerts its effects probably via insulin secretion. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that l-ornithine affects peripheral clock gene expression and may expand the possibilities of L-ornithine as a health food.
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Kokubo T, Maeda S, Tazumi K, Nozawa H, Miura Y, Kirisako T. The Effect of L-Ornithine on the Phosphorylation of mTORC1 Downstream Targets in Rat Liver. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2015; 20:238-45. [PMID: 26770910 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2015.20.4.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A non-protein amino acid, L-ornithine (Orn), has been shown to stimulate the urea cycle and tissue protein synthesis in the liver. The purpose of the current study was to assess whether Orn affects the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway, which is involved in protein synthesis. Primary cultured cells isolated from Wistar rat liver were incubated in an amino acid-free medium, followed by addition of Orn for 3 h. The cell lysate was subjected to immunoblotting to evaluate the phosphorylation of downstream targets of mTORC1, including p70S6K, S6, and 4EBP1. To assess the involvement of mTORC1 for the effect of Orn, the cells were pretreated with the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin before the addition of Orn and the cell lysate was subjected to immunoblotting. We next examined whether the effects of Orn were exerted in vivo. Orn was orally administered to 18 h food-deprived rats, the blood and the livers were collected at 1 and 3 h after administration for immunoblotting. Orn treatment for primary cultured cells for 3 h enhanced the phosphorylation of p70S6K, S6, and 4EBP1. In addition, rapamycin blocked the effects of Orn completely (p70S6K and S6) or partially (4EBP1). The oral administration of Orn to the rat also augmented the phosphorylation of mTORC1 downstream targets notably in S6 at 1 h. Our findings demonstrate that Orn has the potential to induce the phosphorylation of downstream targets of mTORC1 in the rat liver. This may be mediated by the augmentation of mTORC1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kokubo
- Research and Development Division, Kirin Company, Limited, Tokyo 164-0001, Japan
| | - Shyuichi Maeda
- Research Laboratories for Health Science and Food Technologies, Kirin Company, Limited, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Kyoko Tazumi
- Research Laboratories for Health Science and Food Technologies, Kirin Company, Limited, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Hajime Nozawa
- Research Laboratories for Key Technologies, Kirin Company, Limited, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Yutaka Miura
- Research Laboratories for Health Science and Food Technologies, Kirin Company, Limited, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Kirisako
- Research Laboratories for Key Technologies, Kirin Company, Limited, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
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Huang K, Mu W, Zhang T, Jiang B, Miao M. Cloning, expression, and characterization of a thermostablel-arginase fromGeobacillus thermodenitrificansNG80-2 forl-ornithine production. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2015; 63:391-7. [DOI: 10.1002/bab.1385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology; Jiangnan University; Wuxi People's Republic of China
| | - Wanmeng Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology; Jiangnan University; Wuxi People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology; Jiangnan University; Wuxi People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology; Jiangnan University; Wuxi People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology; Jiangnan University; Wuxi People's Republic of China
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