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Froehlich MH, Shih MC, Shehee L, Kompelli AR, Aylward A, Nguyen SA, Kaczmar JM, Nathan CA, Day T, Neskey DM. Systematic review of neuroendocrine carcinomas of the oropharynx. Head Neck 2022; 44:1725-1736. [PMID: 35437851 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Data describing features and management of oropharyngeal neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC) remain sparse. A systematic review was performed. Patients were stratified by treatment modality and examined for disease progression and survival outcomes. Ninety-four patients from 50 publications were included. Average age at diagnosis was 59.7 years (range 14-83). 73.4% were male. Most studies did not document HPV status. Forty patients (85.1%) were p16 positive, and 34 (85.0%) were HPV-ISH positive. Overall survival was 75.4% at 1 year, and 40.0% at 2 years. Of patients with locoregional disease, 33.8% developed distant metastasis. 12.5% of patients developed locoregional recurrence. Patients who developed distant metastases had worse overall survival (p = 0.0004). No significant difference was found between treatment modalities. Human papilloma virus may be associated with oropharyngeal NEC. Current treatments provide locoregional control, but distant metastases are common and confer low overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael H Froehlich
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Michael C Shih
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Lindsey Shehee
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Anvesh R Kompelli
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Alana Aylward
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Shaun A Nguyen
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - John M Kaczmar
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Cherie Ann Nathan
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Terry Day
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - David M Neskey
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
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Yu CX, Yibulayin F, Feng L, Wang M, Lu MM, Luo Y, Liu H, Yang ZC, Wushou A. Clinicopathological characteristics, treatment and prognosis of head & neck small cell carcinoma: a SEER population-based study. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:1208. [PMID: 33287756 PMCID: PMC7722424 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07522-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of head and neck small cell carcinoma (H&NSmCC) and identify prognostic factors on the basis of the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. Methods Total of 789 primary cases from 1973 to 2016 were included. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify independent prognostic indicators. An H&NSmCC-specific nomogram was constructed and compared with the AJCC staging system by calculating the time-dependent area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results The incidence of H&NSmCC peaked during the period of 50 to 70 years old, and the most frequent location was the salivary gland. The 5-year disease specific survival (DSS) was 27%. In the multivariate survival analysis, AJCC III + IV stage [HR = 2.5, P = 0.03, I + II stage as Ref], positive N stage [HR = 1.67, P = 0.05, negative N stage as Ref], positive M stage [HR = 4.12, P = 0.000, negative M stage as Ref] and without chemotherapy [HR = 0.56, P = 0.023, received chemotherapy as Ref] were independently associated with DSS. The H&NSmCC-specific nomogram was built based on the independent prognostic indicators. The nomogram demonstrated better predictive capacity than the AJCC staging system for 5-year DSS [(AUC: 0.75 vs 0.634; Harrell’s C-index (95% CI): 0.7(0.66–0.74) vs 0.59(0.55–0.62), P < 0.05]. Conclusion N stage, M stage, AJCC stage and chemotherapy were independent prognostic indicators included in the prognostic nomogram model, which can better predict the survival of H&NSmCC than the AJCC staging system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Xi Yu
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, 356 Beijing East Road, Shanghai, 200001, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 138 Yi xue yuan Road, Shanghai, 200001, People's Republic of China
| | - Feiluore Yibulayin
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, 356 Beijing East Road, Shanghai, 200001, People's Republic of China.,Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 138 Yi xue yuan Road, Shanghai, 200001, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Feng
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, 356 Beijing East Road, Shanghai, 200001, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, 356 Beijing East Road, Shanghai, 200001, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Meng Lu
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, 356 Beijing East Road, Shanghai, 200001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Luo
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, 356 Beijing East Road, Shanghai, 200001, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, 356 Beijing East Road, Shanghai, 200001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Cheng Yang
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, 356 Beijing East Road, Shanghai, 200001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Alimujiang Wushou
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Oral Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, 356 Beijing East Road, Shanghai, 200001, People's Republic of China.
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Sun R, Fairchild A, Debenham B. Small Cell Carcinoma of the Hypopharynx. Cureus 2018; 10:e2987. [PMID: 30397561 PMCID: PMC6211776 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.2987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Small cell carcinoma is rarely found to originate from the hypopharynx and there exists no treatment guidelines due to the small number of cases. Here, we present a case of a female patient with metastatic small cell carcinoma originating from the posterior hypopharynx with lymph node involvement. Her treatment consisted of chemotherapy with etoposide and cisplatin as well as radiation therapy. Her post-treatment computed tomography (CT) scan indicated resolution of the disease at the primary site and follow-up positron emission tomography (PET)-CT scan at three-month post radiation therapy revealed that the patient is clear of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixiang Sun
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, CAN
| | - Alysa Fairchild
- Radiation Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, CAN
| | - Brock Debenham
- Radiation Oncology, Cross Cancer Center, University of Alberta, Edmonton, CAN
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Coca-Pelaz A, Devaney KO, Rodrigo JP, Halmos GB, Strojan P, Mendenhall WM, Eisbruch A, Smee R, Kusafuka K, Rinaldo A, Ferlito A. Should patients with laryngeal small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma receive prophylactic cranial irradiation? Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2015; 273:2925-30. [DOI: 10.1007/s00405-015-3799-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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